The 2008 Italian National Elections: Berlusconi's Third Victory. Pasquino, G. South European Society and Politics, 13(3):345--362, 2008.
The 2008 Italian National Elections: Berlusconi's Third Victory [link]Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   
In 2008 Silvio Berlusconi contested his fifth national election, winning for the third time. Walter Veltroni's newly created Democratic Party ran alone, rejecting any coalition with parties to its left and did less well than expected. The Rainbow Left failed to cross the threshold for parliamentary representation, while the Northern League made striking gains. With only five parties in the 2008 Parliament, Italian voters seem to have found a way of ending the exaggerated fragmentation of the party system and consolidating a centripetal and bipolar political competition. However, much will still depend on the behaviour of the two major leaders and on the performance of Berlusconi's fourth government.
@article{ pasquino_2008_2008,
  title = {The 2008 {Italian} {National} {Elections}: {Berlusconi}'s {Third} {Victory}},
  volume = {13},
  issn = {1360-8746},
  shorttitle = {The 2008 {Italian} {National} {Elections}},
  url = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13608740802349241},
  doi = {10.1080/13608740802349241},
  abstract = {In 2008 Silvio Berlusconi contested his fifth national election, winning for the third time. Walter Veltroni's newly created Democratic Party ran alone, rejecting any coalition with parties to its left and did less well than expected. The Rainbow Left failed to cross the threshold for parliamentary representation, while the Northern League made striking gains. With only five parties in the 2008 Parliament, Italian voters seem to have found a way of ending the exaggerated fragmentation of the party system and consolidating a centripetal and bipolar political competition. However, much will still depend on the behaviour of the two major leaders and on the performance of Berlusconi's fourth government.},
  number = {3},
  urldate = {2013-11-08TZ},
  journal = {South European Society and Politics},
  author = {Pasquino, Gianfranco},
  year = {2008},
  pages = {345--362}
}

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