Hypermnesia occurs in recall but not in recognition. Payne, D. G. & Roediger, 3. Am J Psychol, 100(2):145–165, 1987.
abstract   bibtex   
Two experiments investigated the effect of encoding conditions and type of test (recall vs. recognition) on the phenomenon of hypermnesia (improved performance across repeated tests). Subjects in Experiment 1 studied a list of words using either imaginal or semantic elaboration strategies and then received three successive tests. Different groups of subjects received either free recall, four-alternative forced-choice recognition, or yes/no recognition tests. Reliable hypermnesia was found only in the recall conditions, with the recognition conditions showing either no change in performance levels across tests (forced-choice tests) or significant forgetting (yes/no tests). In Experiment 2, subjects studied a list of words, and encoding was manipulated using three orienting tasks. Once again, hypermnesia was found with the recall tests but not with the forced choice recognition tests. Finding hypermnesia in recall but not in recognition indicates that retrieval processes in recall play a major role in producing hypermnesia. Also, the finding that the magnitude of the recall hypermnesias increased with an increase in total cumulative recall levels across study conditions suggests that cumulative recall levels are an important factor in determining the presence or absence of recall hypermnesia.
@Article{Payne1987,
  author      = {Payne, D. G. and Roediger, 3rd, HL},
  journal     = {Am J Psychol},
  title       = {Hypermnesia occurs in recall but not in recognition.},
  year        = {1987},
  number      = {2},
  pages       = {145--165},
  volume      = {100},
  abstract    = {Two experiments investigated the effect of encoding conditions and
	type of test (recall vs. recognition) on the phenomenon of hypermnesia
	(improved performance across repeated tests). Subjects in Experiment
	1 studied a list of words using either imaginal or semantic elaboration
	strategies and then received three successive tests. Different groups
	of subjects received either free recall, four-alternative forced-choice
	recognition, or yes/no recognition tests. Reliable hypermnesia was
	found only in the recall conditions, with the recognition conditions
	showing either no change in performance levels across tests (forced-choice
	tests) or significant forgetting (yes/no tests). In Experiment 2,
	subjects studied a list of words, and encoding was manipulated using
	three orienting tasks. Once again, hypermnesia was found with the
	recall tests but not with the forced choice recognition tests. Finding
	hypermnesia in recall but not in recognition indicates that retrieval
	processes in recall play a major role in producing hypermnesia. Also,
	the finding that the magnitude of the recall hypermnesias increased
	with an increase in total cumulative recall levels across study conditions
	suggests that cumulative recall levels are an important factor in
	determining the presence or absence of recall hypermnesia.},
  keywords    = {Form Perception; Humans; Memory; Mental Recall; Pattern Recognition, Visual; Practice (Psychology); Semantics; Verbal Learning},
  language    = {eng},
  medline-pst = {ppublish},
  pmid        = {3618837},
  timestamp   = {2014.02.24},
}

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