L-Glutamine Modulates Root Architecture and Hormonal Balance in Arabidopsis. Pařízková, B., Johansson, A. I., Juvany, M., Šimura, J., Ljung, K., & Antoniadi, I. Physiologia Plantarum, 178(1):e70723, 2026. _eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/ppl.70723![L-Glutamine Modulates Root Architecture and Hormonal Balance in Arabidopsis [link]](https://bibbase.org/img/filetypes/link.svg "link")
Paper doi abstract bibtex Nitrogen (N) availability is a key determinant of plant growth and development. Here, we investigate how different N sources shape Arabidopsis thaliana root system architecture, metabolism and hormone dynamics. L-glutamine (L-GLN) significantly enhances root biomass compared to nitrate (KNO3) without compromising shoot growth. This effect emerges after 2 weeks and is independent of L-GLN's role as a carbon or ammonium source or of potential L-GLN-induced pH changes due to ammonium release, indicating a specific function of L-GLN as a N source and signaling molecule. A reverse genetic screen identified AMINO ACID PERMEASE 1 (AAP1)-mediated uptake and GLUTAMINE SYNTHETASE (GS)-dependent assimilation as essential for L-GLN-induced root biomass. In contrast, the N-sensing regulators NITRATE TRANSPORTER 1.1 (NRT1.1) and AMMONIUM TRANSPORTER (AMT) family members contribute to the differential root responses between KNO3 and L-GLN. Metabolic profiling revealed distinct amino acid signatures under these N sources, irrespective of genotype. Hormonal analyses showed that L-GLN modulates auxin homeostasis, with auxin supplementation restoring primary root growth and lateral root symmetry under L-GLN conditions. L-GLN also reconfigures cytokinin balance by elevating cZ while reducing tZ, collectively shaping root system architecture through hormone-dependent regulation. Together, these findings establish L-GLN as an integrator of N metabolism and hormone signaling in root development, highlighting its signaling capacity beyond nutrient supply and offering new perspectives for improving N use efficiency.
@article{parizkova_l-glutamine_2026,
title = {L-{Glutamine} {Modulates} {Root} {Architecture} and {Hormonal} {Balance} in {Arabidopsis}},
volume = {178},
copyright = {© 2025 The Author(s). Physiologia Plantarum published by John Wiley \& Sons Ltd on behalf of Scandinavian Plant Physiology Society.},
issn = {1399-3054},
url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/ppl.70723},
doi = {10.1111/ppl.70723},
abstract = {Nitrogen (N) availability is a key determinant of plant growth and development. Here, we investigate how different N sources shape Arabidopsis thaliana root system architecture, metabolism and hormone dynamics. L-glutamine (L-GLN) significantly enhances root biomass compared to nitrate (KNO3) without compromising shoot growth. This effect emerges after 2 weeks and is independent of L-GLN's role as a carbon or ammonium source or of potential L-GLN-induced pH changes due to ammonium release, indicating a specific function of L-GLN as a N source and signaling molecule. A reverse genetic screen identified AMINO ACID PERMEASE 1 (AAP1)-mediated uptake and GLUTAMINE SYNTHETASE (GS)-dependent assimilation as essential for L-GLN-induced root biomass. In contrast, the N-sensing regulators NITRATE TRANSPORTER 1.1 (NRT1.1) and AMMONIUM TRANSPORTER (AMT) family members contribute to the differential root responses between KNO3 and L-GLN. Metabolic profiling revealed distinct amino acid signatures under these N sources, irrespective of genotype. Hormonal analyses showed that L-GLN modulates auxin homeostasis, with auxin supplementation restoring primary root growth and lateral root symmetry under L-GLN conditions. L-GLN also reconfigures cytokinin balance by elevating cZ while reducing tZ, collectively shaping root system architecture through hormone-dependent regulation. Together, these findings establish L-GLN as an integrator of N metabolism and hormone signaling in root development, highlighting its signaling capacity beyond nutrient supply and offering new perspectives for improving N use efficiency.},
language = {en},
number = {1},
urldate = {2026-01-09},
journal = {Physiologia Plantarum},
author = {Pařízková, Barbora and Johansson, Annika I. and Juvany, Marta and Šimura, Jan and Ljung, Karin and Antoniadi, Ioanna},
year = {2026},
note = {\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/ppl.70723},
keywords = {KNO3, L-GLN, auxin, cytokinin, organic N, root growth, root system architecture},
pages = {e70723},
}
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