@article{peters_respiratory_2013,
	title = {Respiratory {Bellows}-gated {Late} {Gadolinium} {Enhancement} of the {Left} {Atrium}},
	volume = {38},
	issn = {1053-1807},
	url = {https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3812253/},
	doi = {10.1002/jmri.23954},
	abstract = {Purpose
To compare bellows-gated late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) with standard navigator-gated (NAV-gated) LGE for left atrial (LA) imaging, to eliminate the inflow artifacts associated with NAV-gating.

Materials and Methods
Eleven subjects, including 6 patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), were imaged with a 3D free-breathing NAV-gated and bellows-gated LGE. Motion compensation was compared by blinded grading of image sharpness and motion ghosting (0=worst, 2=best). Inflow artifacts in the right inferior PV (RIPV) and right superior PV (RSPV) were characterized on the same scale (0=none, 2=prominent). In patients, each PV was divided into four quadrants circumferentially in order to assess agreement about scar presence on both image sets.

Results
Respiratory compensation was not different (1.7± 0.5 vs. 1.6± 0.5, sharpness, 1.6± 0.5 vs. 1.6± 0.5, ghosting, p=NS) for bellows- and NAV-gated images. For NAV-gated LGE, inflow artifacts were more prominent in the RSPV than the RIPV (1.2±0.8 vs. 0.7±0.5, p=0.046). Visually, inflow artifacts both obscured and mimicked the true scar. Disagreement on the presence of scar was found in 18\% of the assessed quadrants, with 25\% disagreement for RSPV quadrants (p=0.01).

Conclusion
Bellows-gated LGE provides similar respiratory compensation as NAV-gating, without inflow artifacts, leading to improved assessment of scar presence.},
	number = {5},
	urldate = {2021-11-15},
	journal = {Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI},
	author = {Peters, Dana C. and Shaw, Jaime L. and Knowles, Benjamin R. and Moghari, Mehdi Hedjazi and Manning, Warren J.},
	month = nov,
	year = {2013},
	pmid = {23197465},
	pmcid = {PMC3812253},
	pages = {10.1002/jmri.23954},
}

{"_id":"eeRSKAcoXjR8DomXF","bibbaseid":"peters-shaw-knowles-moghari-manning-respiratorybellowsgatedlategadoliniumenhancementoftheleftatrium-2013","author_short":["Peters, D. C.","Shaw, J. L.","Knowles, B. R.","Moghari, M. H.","Manning, W. J."],"bibdata":{"bibtype":"article","type":"article","title":"Respiratory Bellows-gated Late Gadolinium Enhancement of the Left Atrium","volume":"38","issn":"1053-1807","url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3812253/","doi":"10.1002/jmri.23954","abstract":"Purpose To compare bellows-gated late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) with standard navigator-gated (NAV-gated) LGE for left atrial (LA) imaging, to eliminate the inflow artifacts associated with NAV-gating. Materials and Methods Eleven subjects, including 6 patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), were imaged with a 3D free-breathing NAV-gated and bellows-gated LGE. Motion compensation was compared by blinded grading of image sharpness and motion ghosting (0=worst, 2=best). Inflow artifacts in the right inferior PV (RIPV) and right superior PV (RSPV) were characterized on the same scale (0=none, 2=prominent). In patients, each PV was divided into four quadrants circumferentially in order to assess agreement about scar presence on both image sets. Results Respiratory compensation was not different (1.7± 0.5 vs. 1.6± 0.5, sharpness, 1.6± 0.5 vs. 1.6± 0.5, ghosting, p=NS) for bellows- and NAV-gated images. For NAV-gated LGE, inflow artifacts were more prominent in the RSPV than the RIPV (1.2±0.8 vs. 0.7±0.5, p=0.046). Visually, inflow artifacts both obscured and mimicked the true scar. Disagreement on the presence of scar was found in 18% of the assessed quadrants, with 25% disagreement for RSPV quadrants (p=0.01). Conclusion Bellows-gated LGE provides similar respiratory compensation as NAV-gating, without inflow artifacts, leading to improved assessment of scar presence.","number":"5","urldate":"2021-11-15","journal":"Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI","author":[{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Peters"],"firstnames":["Dana","C."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Shaw"],"firstnames":["Jaime","L."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Knowles"],"firstnames":["Benjamin","R."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Moghari"],"firstnames":["Mehdi","Hedjazi"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Manning"],"firstnames":["Warren","J."],"suffixes":[]}],"month":"November","year":"2013","pmid":"23197465","pmcid":"PMC3812253","pages":"10.1002/jmri.23954","bibtex":"@article{peters_respiratory_2013,\n\ttitle = {Respiratory {Bellows}-gated {Late} {Gadolinium} {Enhancement} of the {Left} {Atrium}},\n\tvolume = {38},\n\tissn = {1053-1807},\n\turl = {https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3812253/},\n\tdoi = {10.1002/jmri.23954},\n\tabstract = {Purpose\nTo compare bellows-gated late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) with standard navigator-gated (NAV-gated) LGE for left atrial (LA) imaging, to eliminate the inflow artifacts associated with NAV-gating.\n\nMaterials and Methods\nEleven subjects, including 6 patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), were imaged with a 3D free-breathing NAV-gated and bellows-gated LGE. Motion compensation was compared by blinded grading of image sharpness and motion ghosting (0=worst, 2=best). Inflow artifacts in the right inferior PV (RIPV) and right superior PV (RSPV) were characterized on the same scale (0=none, 2=prominent). In patients, each PV was divided into four quadrants circumferentially in order to assess agreement about scar presence on both image sets.\n\nResults\nRespiratory compensation was not different (1.7± 0.5 vs. 1.6± 0.5, sharpness, 1.6± 0.5 vs. 1.6± 0.5, ghosting, p=NS) for bellows- and NAV-gated images. For NAV-gated LGE, inflow artifacts were more prominent in the RSPV than the RIPV (1.2±0.8 vs. 0.7±0.5, p=0.046). Visually, inflow artifacts both obscured and mimicked the true scar. Disagreement on the presence of scar was found in 18\\% of the assessed quadrants, with 25\\% disagreement for RSPV quadrants (p=0.01).\n\nConclusion\nBellows-gated LGE provides similar respiratory compensation as NAV-gating, without inflow artifacts, leading to improved assessment of scar presence.},\n\tnumber = {5},\n\turldate = {2021-11-15},\n\tjournal = {Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI},\n\tauthor = {Peters, Dana C. and Shaw, Jaime L. and Knowles, Benjamin R. and Moghari, Mehdi Hedjazi and Manning, Warren J.},\n\tmonth = nov,\n\tyear = {2013},\n\tpmid = {23197465},\n\tpmcid = {PMC3812253},\n\tpages = {10.1002/jmri.23954},\n}\n\n","author_short":["Peters, D. C.","Shaw, J. L.","Knowles, B. R.","Moghari, M. H.","Manning, W. J."],"key":"peters_respiratory_2013-1","id":"peters_respiratory_2013-1","bibbaseid":"peters-shaw-knowles-moghari-manning-respiratorybellowsgatedlategadoliniumenhancementoftheleftatrium-2013","role":"author","urls":{"Paper":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3812253/"},"metadata":{"authorlinks":{}},"html":""},"bibtype":"article","biburl":"https://bibbase.org/zotero/jjAllen01","dataSources":["b2rH2vd6Bpc9f2j4b"],"keywords":[],"search_terms":["respiratory","bellows","gated","late","gadolinium","enhancement","left","atrium","peters","shaw","knowles","moghari","manning"],"title":"Respiratory Bellows-gated Late Gadolinium Enhancement of the Left Atrium","year":2013}