Impact of transgenic Bacillus thuringiensis corn and crop phenology on five nontarget arthropods. Pilcher, C., D., Rice, M., E., & Obrycki, J., J. Environmental Entomology, 34(5):1302-1316, Entomological Society of America, 2005.
abstract   bibtex   
Large-scale field studies were conducted to determine if temporal plantings of Bacillus thuringiensis (Berliner) (Bt) corn (event 176 and Bt11) would affect the seasonal abundance of the following generalist predators: Coleomegilla maculata DeGeer and Cycloneda munda (Say) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), Orius insidiosus (Say) (Heteroptera: Anthocoridae), Chrysoperla carnea Stephens (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae), and one specialist parasitoid, Macrocentrus cingulum Brischke (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Adult populations were monitored using Pherocon AM yellow sticky traps at three locations in Iowa (1996-1998). At each location, a split-plot design was used with Bt and non-Bt corn as main plots and three planting dates as the split plots. Few differences in abundance were observed between Bt and non-Bt corn for the generalist predators studied. However, M. cingulum, a specialist parasitoid of European corn borer, was significantly affected by the presence of Bt corn. Densities of adult M. cingulum were 29-60% lower in Bt corn compared with non-Bt corn. Regression analyses indicated M. cingulum adults were preferentially recruited to and subsequently increased over time in the non-Bt corn treatments at each location within each year. Significant differences were observed among planting dates for all five species. Abundance effects from Bt corn on these natural enemies were not unexpected given the foraging and searching behaviors of different species and their varying levels of dependence on the presence of European corn borer.
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 title = {Impact of transgenic Bacillus thuringiensis corn and crop phenology on five nontarget arthropods},
 type = {article},
 year = {2005},
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 keywords = {America,Animal Ecology (ZZ332),Anthocoridae,Behaviour (Wild Animals) (YY500) (New March 2000),Biological Control (HH100),Braconidae,Chrysoperla,Chrysoperla carnea,Chrysopidae,Coccinellidae,Coleomegilla,Coleomegilla maculata,Coleoptera,Corn Belt States of USA,Cycloneda,Cycloneda munda,Cyperales,Developed Countries,Field Crops (FF005) (New March 2000),GMOs,Genetic Engineering, Gene Transfer and Transgenics,Hemiptera,Heteroptera,Hexapoda,Hymenoptera,Iowa,Lepidoptera,Macrocentrus,Macrocentrus cingulum,Neuroptera,North America,North Central States of USA,OECD Countries,Orius,Orius insidiosus,Ostrinia,Ostrinia nubilalis,Pathogens, Parasites and Infectious Diseases (Wild,Plant Pests (FF620) (New March 2000),Poaceae,Pyralidae,Spermatophyta,USA,United States of America,West North Central States of USA,Zea,Zea mays,angiosperms,animals,arthropods,behavior,behaviour,corn,eukaryotes,foraging,genetically engineered organisms,genetically engineered plants,genetically modified plants,insect pests,insects,invertebrates,maize,monitoring,monocotyledons,natural enemies,nontarget organisms,parasitoids,plant pests,planting date,plants,population density,predators,predatory insects,searching behavior,searching behaviour,species diversity,species richness,sticky traps,surveillance systems,transgenic plants},
 pages = {1302-1316},
 volume = {34},
 websites = {http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/cgi-bin/proxy.pl?server=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lah&AN=20053205223&site=ehost-live&scope=site,HTTP://www.esa.catchword.org,email: merice@iastate.edu},
 publisher = {Entomological Society of America},
 city = {Lanham; USA},
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 last_modified = {2012-01-05T13:14:47.000Z},
 tags = {Bt corn,United States,environmental,habitat,non-target},
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 abstract = {Large-scale field studies were conducted to determine if temporal plantings of Bacillus thuringiensis (Berliner) (Bt) corn (event 176 and Bt11) would affect the seasonal abundance of the following generalist predators: Coleomegilla maculata DeGeer and Cycloneda munda (Say) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), Orius insidiosus (Say) (Heteroptera: Anthocoridae), Chrysoperla carnea Stephens (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae), and one specialist parasitoid, Macrocentrus cingulum Brischke (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Adult populations were monitored using Pherocon AM yellow sticky traps at three locations in Iowa (1996-1998). At each location, a split-plot design was used with Bt and non-Bt corn as main plots and three planting dates as the split plots. Few differences in abundance were observed between Bt and non-Bt corn for the generalist predators studied. However, M. cingulum, a specialist parasitoid of European corn borer, was significantly affected by the presence of Bt corn. Densities of adult M. cingulum were 29-60% lower in Bt corn compared with non-Bt corn. Regression analyses indicated M. cingulum adults were preferentially recruited to and subsequently increased over time in the non-Bt corn treatments at each location within each year. Significant differences were observed among planting dates for all five species. Abundance effects from Bt corn on these natural enemies were not unexpected given the foraging and searching behaviors of different species and their varying levels of dependence on the presence of European corn borer.},
 bibtype = {article},
 author = {Pilcher, C D and Rice, M E and Obrycki, J J},
 journal = {Environmental Entomology},
 number = {5}
}
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