@article{
 title = {A process-based model of ammonia emissions from dairy cows: improved temporal and spatial resolution},
 type = {article},
 year = {2004},
 pages = {1357-1365},
 volume = {38},
 id = {15381db4-9f64-3816-96ad-cd79ccf160aa},
 created = {2014-10-08T16:28:18.000Z},
 file_attached = {false},
 profile_id = {363623ef-1990-38f1-b354-f5cdaa6548b2},
 group_id = {02267cec-5558-3876-9cfc-78d056bad5b9},
 last_modified = {2017-03-14T17:32:24.802Z},
 read = {false},
 starred = {false},
 authored = {false},
 confirmed = {true},
 hidden = {false},
 citation_key = {Pinder:AE:2004b},
 source_type = {article},
 private_publication = {false},
 abstract = {This research has developed an integrated model of a
dairy farm that predicts monthly ammonia emission factors based on
farming practices and climate conditions, including temperature,
wind speed, and precipitation. The model can be used to predict the
seasonal and geographic variations in ammonia emission factors,
which are important for accurately predicting aerosol nitrate
concentrations. The model tracks the volume of manure and mass of
ammoniacal nitrogen as the manure moves through the housing,
storage, application, and grazing stages of a dairy farm. Most of
the processes of ammonia volatilization are modeled explicitly, but
poorly understood processes are parameterized and tuned to match
empirical data. The tuned model has been compared to independent
experimental data and is shown to be robust over the range of
experimental conditions. We have characterized the differences in
emissions resulting from changes in climate conditions and farming
practices and found that both of these factors are significant and
should be included when developing a national inventory. (C) 2003
Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Carnegie Mellon Univ,
Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
},
 bibtype = {article},
 author = {Pinder, R W and Pekney, N J and Davidson, C I and Adams, P J},
 journal = {Atmos. Environ.}
}

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