Neurons in V1, V2, and PMLS of cat cortex are speed tuned but not acceleration tuned: the influence of motion adaptation. Price, N. S C, Crowder, N. A., Hietanen, M. A., & Ibbotson, M. R. J Neurophysiol, 95(2):660-73, 2006. doi abstract bibtex We studied neurons in areas V1, V2, and posteromedial lateral suprasylvian area (PMLS) of anesthetized cats, assessing their speed tuning using steps to constant speeds and acceleration and deceleration tuning using speed ramps. The results show that the speed tuning of neurons in all three cortical areas is highly dependent on prior motion history, with early responses during speed steps tuned to higher speeds than later responses. The responses to speed ramps are profoundly influenced by speed-dependent response latencies and ongoing changes in neuronal speed tuning due to adaptation. Acceleration evokes larger transient and sustained responses than subsequent deceleration of the same rate with this disparity increasing with ramp rate. Consequently, there was little correlation between preferred speeds measured using speed steps, acceleration or deceleration. From 146 recorded cells, the proportion of cells that were clearly speed tuned ranged from 69 to 100% across the three brain areas. However, only 13 cells showed good skewed Gaussian fits and systematic variation in their responses to a range of accelerations. Although suggestive of acceleration coding, this apparent tuning was attributable to a cell's speed tuning and the different stimulus durations at each acceleration rate. Thus while the majority of cells showed speed tuning, none unequivocally showed acceleration tuning. The results are largely consistent with an existing model that predicts responses to accelerating stimuli developed for macaque MT, which showed that the responses to acceleration can be decoded if adaptation is taken into account. However, the present results suggest future models should include stimulus-specific adaptation and speed-dependent response latencies.
@Article{Price2006,
author = {N. S C Price and N. A. Crowder and M. A. Hietanen and M. R. Ibbotson},
journal = {J Neurophysiol},
title = {Neurons in {V}1, {V}2, and {PMLS} of cat cortex are speed tuned but not acceleration tuned: the influence of motion adaptation.},
year = {2006},
number = {2},
pages = {660-73},
volume = {95},
abstract = {We studied neurons in areas V1, V2, and posteromedial lateral suprasylvian
area (PMLS) of anesthetized cats, assessing their speed tuning using
steps to constant speeds and acceleration and deceleration tuning
using speed ramps. The results show that the speed tuning of neurons
in all three cortical areas is highly dependent on prior motion history,
with early responses during speed steps tuned to higher speeds than
later responses. The responses to speed ramps are profoundly influenced
by speed-dependent response latencies and ongoing changes in neuronal
speed tuning due to adaptation. Acceleration evokes larger transient
and sustained responses than subsequent deceleration of the same
rate with this disparity increasing with ramp rate. Consequently,
there was little correlation between preferred speeds measured using
speed steps, acceleration or deceleration. From 146 recorded cells,
the proportion of cells that were clearly speed tuned ranged from
69 to 100\% across the three brain areas. However, only 13 cells
showed good skewed Gaussian fits and systematic variation in their
responses to a range of accelerations. Although suggestive of acceleration
coding, this apparent tuning was attributable to a cell's speed tuning
and the different stimulus durations at each acceleration rate. Thus
while the majority of cells showed speed tuning, none unequivocally
showed acceleration tuning. The results are largely consistent with
an existing model that predicts responses to accelerating stimuli
developed for macaque MT, which showed that the responses to acceleration
can be decoded if adaptation is taken into account. However, the
present results suggest future models should include stimulus-specific
adaptation and speed-dependent response latencies.},
doi = {10.1152/jn.00890.2005},
keywords = {Acceleration, Action Potentials, Adaptation, Animals, Cats, Female, Male, Motion Perception, Neurons, Photic Stimulation, Physiological, Visual Cortex, Visual Pathways, 16177174},
}
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R."],"bibdata":{"bibtype":"article","type":"article","author":[{"firstnames":["N.","S","C"],"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Price"],"suffixes":[]},{"firstnames":["N.","A."],"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Crowder"],"suffixes":[]},{"firstnames":["M.","A."],"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Hietanen"],"suffixes":[]},{"firstnames":["M.","R."],"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Ibbotson"],"suffixes":[]}],"journal":"J Neurophysiol","title":"Neurons in V1, V2, and PMLS of cat cortex are speed tuned but not acceleration tuned: the influence of motion adaptation.","year":"2006","number":"2","pages":"660-73","volume":"95","abstract":"We studied neurons in areas V1, V2, and posteromedial lateral suprasylvian area (PMLS) of anesthetized cats, assessing their speed tuning using steps to constant speeds and acceleration and deceleration tuning using speed ramps. The results show that the speed tuning of neurons in all three cortical areas is highly dependent on prior motion history, with early responses during speed steps tuned to higher speeds than later responses. The responses to speed ramps are profoundly influenced by speed-dependent response latencies and ongoing changes in neuronal speed tuning due to adaptation. Acceleration evokes larger transient and sustained responses than subsequent deceleration of the same rate with this disparity increasing with ramp rate. Consequently, there was little correlation between preferred speeds measured using speed steps, acceleration or deceleration. From 146 recorded cells, the proportion of cells that were clearly speed tuned ranged from 69 to 100% across the three brain areas. However, only 13 cells showed good skewed Gaussian fits and systematic variation in their responses to a range of accelerations. Although suggestive of acceleration coding, this apparent tuning was attributable to a cell's speed tuning and the different stimulus durations at each acceleration rate. Thus while the majority of cells showed speed tuning, none unequivocally showed acceleration tuning. The results are largely consistent with an existing model that predicts responses to accelerating stimuli developed for macaque MT, which showed that the responses to acceleration can be decoded if adaptation is taken into account. However, the present results suggest future models should include stimulus-specific adaptation and speed-dependent response latencies.","doi":"10.1152/jn.00890.2005","keywords":"Acceleration, Action Potentials, Adaptation, Animals, Cats, Female, Male, Motion Perception, Neurons, Photic Stimulation, Physiological, Visual Cortex, Visual Pathways, 16177174","bibtex":"@Article{Price2006,\n author = {N. S C Price and N. A. Crowder and M. A. Hietanen and M. R. Ibbotson},\n journal = {J Neurophysiol},\n title = {Neurons in {V}1, {V}2, and {PMLS} of cat cortex are speed tuned but not acceleration tuned: the influence of motion adaptation.},\n year = {2006},\n number = {2},\n pages = {660-73},\n volume = {95},\n abstract = {We studied neurons in areas V1, V2, and posteromedial lateral suprasylvian\n\tarea (PMLS) of anesthetized cats, assessing their speed tuning using\n\tsteps to constant speeds and acceleration and deceleration tuning\n\tusing speed ramps. The results show that the speed tuning of neurons\n\tin all three cortical areas is highly dependent on prior motion history,\n\twith early responses during speed steps tuned to higher speeds than\n\tlater responses. The responses to speed ramps are profoundly influenced\n\tby speed-dependent response latencies and ongoing changes in neuronal\n\tspeed tuning due to adaptation. Acceleration evokes larger transient\n\tand sustained responses than subsequent deceleration of the same\n\trate with this disparity increasing with ramp rate. Consequently,\n\tthere was little correlation between preferred speeds measured using\n\tspeed steps, acceleration or deceleration. From 146 recorded cells,\n\tthe proportion of cells that were clearly speed tuned ranged from\n\t69 to 100\\% across the three brain areas. However, only 13 cells\n\tshowed good skewed Gaussian fits and systematic variation in their\n\tresponses to a range of accelerations. Although suggestive of acceleration\n\tcoding, this apparent tuning was attributable to a cell's speed tuning\n\tand the different stimulus durations at each acceleration rate. Thus\n\twhile the majority of cells showed speed tuning, none unequivocally\n\tshowed acceleration tuning. 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