Responses of fine particulate matter and ozone to local emission reductions in the Sichuan Basin, southwestern China

Responses of fine particulate matter and ozone to local emission reductions in the Sichuan Basin, southwestern China. Qiao, X., Liu, L., Yang, C., Yuan, Y., Zhang, M., Guo, H., Tang, Y., Ying, Q., Zhu, S., & Zhang, H. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION, ELSEVIER SCI LTD, THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND, MAY 15, 2021.
doi abstract bibtex

The Sichuan Basin (SCB) in southwestern China is largely affected by air pollution. Understanding the responses of air pollutant concentrations to emission changes is critical for designing and evaluating effective control strategies. Thus, this study used the Community Multi-scale Air Quality (CMAQ) model to simulate PM2.5 (i.e., particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter <= 2.5 mu m) in winter (January 2015) and ozone (O-3) in summer (July 2015) under nine emission reduction scenarios. For each scenario, the anthropogenic emissions of each air pollutant in each SCB grid cell were reduced by the same percentage, ranging from 10% to 90%. We found that approximately 30-70% emission reductions are required to reduce the January mean PM2.5 concentrations in all the SCB urban centers to a value that is less than the Chinese standard for daily mean PM2.5 (24-h PM2.5: 75 mg m(-3)). However, the January mean PM2.5 concentrations under 90% emission reduction still exceeded the World Health Organization (WHO) guideline (25 mg m(-3)) in 16 SCB urban centers. Moreover, reducing both SCB and non-SCB emissions were critical for achieving the PM2.5 level recommended by WHO. An 80% emission reduction was required to prevent the occurrence of 8-h O-3 (i.e., daily maximum 8-h mean O-3) non-attainment days in all SCB urban centers. Under 90% emission reduction, July mean 8-h O-3 concentrations still exceeded the WHO guideline of 47 ppb in approximately 35% of the SCB areas. In conclusion, this study suggests that (1) compared with the governmental emission reduction targets for 2015-2020 (2-27%), more significant emission reductions are required to meet the Chinese and WHO pollution standards; and (2) both SCB and non-SCB emissions must significantly reduce to achieve the desired pollution targets. (C) 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

@article{ WOS:000637737100041,
Author = {Qiao, Xue and Liu, Lu and Yang, Chun and Yuan, Yanping and Zhang,
   Mengyuan and Guo, Hao and Tang, Ya and Ying, Qi and Zhu, Shengqiang and
   Zhang, Hongliang},
Title = {{Responses of fine particulate matter and ozone to local emission
   reductions in the Sichuan Basin, southwestern China}},
Journal = {{ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION}},
Year = {{2021}},
Volume = {{277}},
Month = {{MAY 15}},
Abstract = {{The Sichuan Basin (SCB) in southwestern China is largely affected by air
   pollution. Understanding the responses of air pollutant concentrations
   to emission changes is critical for designing and evaluating effective
   control strategies. Thus, this study used the Community Multi-scale Air
   Quality (CMAQ) model to simulate PM2.5 (i.e., particulate matter with an
   aerodynamic diameter <= 2.5 mu m) in winter (January 2015) and ozone
   (O-3) in summer (July 2015) under nine emission reduction scenarios. For
   each scenario, the anthropogenic emissions of each air pollutant in each
   SCB grid cell were reduced by the same percentage, ranging from 10\% to
   90\%. We found that approximately 30-70\% emission reductions are
   required to reduce the January mean PM2.5 concentrations in all the SCB
   urban centers to a value that is less than the Chinese standard for
   daily mean PM2.5 (24-h PM2.5: 75 mg m(-3)). However, the January mean
   PM2.5 concentrations under 90\% emission reduction still exceeded the
   World Health Organization (WHO) guideline (25 mg m(-3)) in 16 SCB urban
   centers. Moreover, reducing both SCB and non-SCB emissions were critical
   for achieving the PM2.5 level recommended by WHO. An 80\% emission
   reduction was required to prevent the occurrence of 8-h O-3 (i.e., daily
   maximum 8-h mean O-3) non-attainment days in all SCB urban centers.
   Under 90\% emission reduction, July mean 8-h O-3 concentrations still
   exceeded the WHO guideline of 47 ppb in approximately 35\% of the SCB
   areas. In conclusion, this study suggests that (1) compared with the
   governmental emission reduction targets for 2015-2020 (2-27\%), more
   significant emission reductions are required to meet the Chinese and WHO
   pollution standards; and (2) both SCB and non-SCB emissions must
   significantly reduce to achieve the desired pollution targets. (C) 2021
   Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.}},
Publisher = {{ELSEVIER SCI LTD}},
Address = {{THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND}},
Type = {{Article}},
Language = {{English}},
Affiliation = {{Zhang, HL (Corresponding Author), Louisiana State Univ, Dept Civil \& Environm Engn, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
   Qiao, Xue; Yuan, Yanping, Sichuan Univ, Inst New Energy \& Low Carbon Technol, 24 South Sect One,First Ring Rd, Chengdu 610065, Peoples R China.
   Qiao, Xue, Sichuan Univ, State Key Lab Hydraul \& Mt River Engn, Chengdu 610065, Peoples R China.
   Qiao, Xue; Guo, Hao; Zhang, Hongliang, Louisiana State Univ, Dept Civil \& Environm Engn, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
   Liu, Lu; Yang, Chun; Tang, Ya, Sichuan Univ, Coll Architecture \& Environm, Chengdu 610065, Peoples R China.
   Zhang, Mengyuan; Zhu, Shengqiang; Zhang, Hongliang, Fudan Univ, Dept Environm Sci \& Engn, Shanghai 200438, Peoples R China.
   Ying, Qi, Texas A\&M Univ, Zachry Dept Civil Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
   Zhang, Hongliang, Inst Ecochongming SIEC, Shanghai 200062, Peoples R China.}},
DOI = {{10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116793}},
Article-Number = {{116793}},
ISSN = {{0269-7491}},
EISSN = {{1873-6424}},
Keywords = {{Air pollution; Air quality; Sensitivity study; Chengdu; Chongqing}},
Keywords-Plus = {{DATA ASSIMILATION TECHNIQUE; AIR-QUALITY; MODEL; POLLUTANTS; POLLUTION;
   TRENDS; IMPACT; GASES}},
Research-Areas = {{Environmental Sciences \& Ecology}},
Web-of-Science-Categories  = {{Environmental Sciences}},
Author-Email = {{zhanghl@fudan.edu.cn}},
ResearcherID-Numbers = {{Zhang, Hongliang/C-2499-2012
   }},
ORCID-Numbers = {{Zhang, Hongliang/0000-0002-1797-2311
   Ying, Qi/0000-0002-4560-433X}},
Funding-Acknowledgement = {{National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science
   Foundation of China (NSFC) {[}41929002]; National Key Research \&
   Development Program of China {[}2017YFC0907300]; Science \& Technology
   Department of Sichuan Province {[}21ZDYF1898]}},
Funding-Text = {{Portions of this research were conducted with high-performance computing
   resources provided by the Louisiana State University
   (http://www.hpc.lsu.edu).This study was sponsored by the National
   Natural Science Foundation of China {[}41929002], the National Key
   Research \& Development Program of China {[}2017YFC0907300], and the
   Science \& Technology Department of Sichuan Province {[}21ZDYF1898].}},
Number-of-Cited-References = {{45}},
Times-Cited = {{0}},
Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {{18}},
Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {{34}},
Journal-ISO = {{Environ. Pollut.}},
Doc-Delivery-Number = {{RJ6VA}},
Unique-ID = {{WOS:000637737100041}},
DA = {{2021-12-02}},
}

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{"_id":"M2xWBxvGAtr3KbAdF","bibbaseid":"qiao-liu-yang-yuan-zhang-guo-tang-ying-etal-responsesoffineparticulatematterandozonetolocalemissionreductionsinthesichuanbasinsouthwesternchina-2021","author_short":["Qiao, X.","Liu, L.","Yang, C.","Yuan, Y.","Zhang, M.","Guo, H.","Tang, Y.","Ying, Q.","Zhu, S.","Zhang, H."],"bibdata":{"bibtype":"article","type":"Article","author":[{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Qiao"],"firstnames":["Xue"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Liu"],"firstnames":["Lu"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Yang"],"firstnames":["Chun"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Yuan"],"firstnames":["Yanping"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Zhang"],"firstnames":["Mengyuan"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Guo"],"firstnames":["Hao"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Tang"],"firstnames":["Ya"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Ying"],"firstnames":["Qi"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Zhu"],"firstnames":["Shengqiang"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Zhang"],"firstnames":["Hongliang"],"suffixes":[]}],"title":"Responses of fine particulate matter and ozone to local emission reductions in the Sichuan Basin, southwestern China","journal":"ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION","year":"2021","volume":"277","month":"MAY 15","abstract":"The Sichuan Basin (SCB) in southwestern China is largely affected by air pollution. Understanding the responses of air pollutant concentrations to emission changes is critical for designing and evaluating effective control strategies. Thus, this study used the Community Multi-scale Air Quality (CMAQ) model to simulate PM2.5 (i.e., particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter <= 2.5 mu m) in winter (January 2015) and ozone (O-3) in summer (July 2015) under nine emission reduction scenarios. For each scenario, the anthropogenic emissions of each air pollutant in each SCB grid cell were reduced by the same percentage, ranging from 10% to 90%. We found that approximately 30-70% emission reductions are required to reduce the January mean PM2.5 concentrations in all the SCB urban centers to a value that is less than the Chinese standard for daily mean PM2.5 (24-h PM2.5: 75 mg m(-3)). However, the January mean PM2.5 concentrations under 90% emission reduction still exceeded the World Health Organization (WHO) guideline (25 mg m(-3)) in 16 SCB urban centers. Moreover, reducing both SCB and non-SCB emissions were critical for achieving the PM2.5 level recommended by WHO. An 80% emission reduction was required to prevent the occurrence of 8-h O-3 (i.e., daily maximum 8-h mean O-3) non-attainment days in all SCB urban centers. Under 90% emission reduction, July mean 8-h O-3 concentrations still exceeded the WHO guideline of 47 ppb in approximately 35% of the SCB areas. In conclusion, this study suggests that (1) compared with the governmental emission reduction targets for 2015-2020 (2-27%), more significant emission reductions are required to meet the Chinese and WHO pollution standards; and (2) both SCB and non-SCB emissions must significantly reduce to achieve the desired pollution targets. (C) 2021 Elsevier Ltd. 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Zhang, Hongliang, Inst Ecochongming SIEC, Shanghai 200062, Peoples R China.","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116793","article-number":"116793","issn":"0269-7491","eissn":"1873-6424","keywords":"Air pollution; Air quality; Sensitivity study; Chengdu; Chongqing","keywords-plus":"DATA ASSIMILATION TECHNIQUE; AIR-QUALITY; MODEL; POLLUTANTS; POLLUTION; TRENDS; IMPACT; GASES","research-areas":"Environmental Sciences & Ecology","web-of-science-categories":"Environmental Sciences","author-email":"zhanghl@fudan.edu.cn","researcherid-numbers":"Zhang, Hongliang/C-2499-2012 ","orcid-numbers":"Zhang, Hongliang/0000-0002-1797-2311 Ying, Qi/0000-0002-4560-433X","funding-acknowledgement":"National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) [41929002]; National Key Research & Development Program of China [2017YFC0907300]; Science & Technology Department of Sichuan Province [21ZDYF1898]","funding-text":"Portions of this research were conducted with high-performance computing resources provided by the Louisiana State University (http://www.hpc.lsu.edu).This study was sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [41929002], the National Key Research & Development Program of China [2017YFC0907300], and the Science & Technology Department of Sichuan Province [21ZDYF1898].","number-of-cited-references":"45","times-cited":"0","usage-count-last-180-days":"18","usage-count-since-2013":"34","journal-iso":"Environ. Pollut.","doc-delivery-number":"RJ6VA","unique-id":"WOS:000637737100041","da":"2021-12-02","bibtex":"@article{ WOS:000637737100041,\nAuthor = {Qiao, Xue and Liu, Lu and Yang, Chun and Yuan, Yanping and Zhang,\n Mengyuan and Guo, Hao and Tang, Ya and Ying, Qi and Zhu, Shengqiang and\n Zhang, Hongliang},\nTitle = {{Responses of fine particulate matter and ozone to local emission\n reductions in the Sichuan Basin, southwestern China}},\nJournal = {{ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION}},\nYear = {{2021}},\nVolume = {{277}},\nMonth = {{MAY 15}},\nAbstract = {{The Sichuan Basin (SCB) in southwestern China is largely affected by air\n pollution. Understanding the responses of air pollutant concentrations\n to emission changes is critical for designing and evaluating effective\n control strategies. Thus, this study used the Community Multi-scale Air\n Quality (CMAQ) model to simulate PM2.5 (i.e., particulate matter with an\n aerodynamic diameter <= 2.5 mu m) in winter (January 2015) and ozone\n (O-3) in summer (July 2015) under nine emission reduction scenarios. For\n each scenario, the anthropogenic emissions of each air pollutant in each\n SCB grid cell were reduced by the same percentage, ranging from 10\\% to\n 90\\%. We found that approximately 30-70\\% emission reductions are\n required to reduce the January mean PM2.5 concentrations in all the SCB\n urban centers to a value that is less than the Chinese standard for\n daily mean PM2.5 (24-h PM2.5: 75 mg m(-3)). However, the January mean\n PM2.5 concentrations under 90\\% emission reduction still exceeded the\n World Health Organization (WHO) guideline (25 mg m(-3)) in 16 SCB urban\n centers. Moreover, reducing both SCB and non-SCB emissions were critical\n for achieving the PM2.5 level recommended by WHO. An 80\\% emission\n reduction was required to prevent the occurrence of 8-h O-3 (i.e., daily\n maximum 8-h mean O-3) non-attainment days in all SCB urban centers.\n Under 90\\% emission reduction, July mean 8-h O-3 concentrations still\n exceeded the WHO guideline of 47 ppb in approximately 35\\% of the SCB\n areas. In conclusion, this study suggests that (1) compared with the\n governmental emission reduction targets for 2015-2020 (2-27\\%), more\n significant emission reductions are required to meet the Chinese and WHO\n pollution standards; and (2) both SCB and non-SCB emissions must\n significantly reduce to achieve the desired pollution targets. (C) 2021\n Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.}},\nPublisher = {{ELSEVIER SCI LTD}},\nAddress = {{THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND}},\nType = {{Article}},\nLanguage = {{English}},\nAffiliation = {{Zhang, HL (Corresponding Author), Louisiana State Univ, Dept Civil \\& Environm Engn, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.\n Qiao, Xue; Yuan, Yanping, Sichuan Univ, Inst New Energy \\& Low Carbon Technol, 24 South Sect One,First Ring Rd, Chengdu 610065, Peoples R China.\n Qiao, Xue, Sichuan Univ, State Key Lab Hydraul \\& Mt River Engn, Chengdu 610065, Peoples R China.\n Qiao, Xue; Guo, Hao; Zhang, Hongliang, Louisiana State Univ, Dept Civil \\& Environm Engn, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.\n Liu, Lu; Yang, Chun; Tang, Ya, Sichuan Univ, Coll Architecture \\& Environm, Chengdu 610065, Peoples R China.\n Zhang, Mengyuan; Zhu, Shengqiang; Zhang, Hongliang, Fudan Univ, Dept Environm Sci \\& Engn, Shanghai 200438, Peoples R China.\n Ying, Qi, Texas A\\&M Univ, Zachry Dept Civil Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.\n Zhang, Hongliang, Inst Ecochongming SIEC, Shanghai 200062, Peoples R China.}},\nDOI = {{10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116793}},\nArticle-Number = {{116793}},\nISSN = {{0269-7491}},\nEISSN = {{1873-6424}},\nKeywords = {{Air pollution; Air quality; Sensitivity study; Chengdu; Chongqing}},\nKeywords-Plus = {{DATA ASSIMILATION TECHNIQUE; AIR-QUALITY; MODEL; POLLUTANTS; POLLUTION;\n TRENDS; IMPACT; GASES}},\nResearch-Areas = {{Environmental Sciences \\& Ecology}},\nWeb-of-Science-Categories = {{Environmental Sciences}},\nAuthor-Email = {{zhanghl@fudan.edu.cn}},\nResearcherID-Numbers = {{Zhang, Hongliang/C-2499-2012\n }},\nORCID-Numbers = {{Zhang, Hongliang/0000-0002-1797-2311\n Ying, Qi/0000-0002-4560-433X}},\nFunding-Acknowledgement = {{National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science\n Foundation of China (NSFC) {[}41929002]; National Key Research \\&\n Development Program of China {[}2017YFC0907300]; Science \\& Technology\n Department of Sichuan Province {[}21ZDYF1898]}},\nFunding-Text = {{Portions of this research were conducted with high-performance computing\n resources provided by the Louisiana State University\n (http://www.hpc.lsu.edu).This study was sponsored by the National\n Natural Science Foundation of China {[}41929002], the National Key\n Research \\& Development Program of China {[}2017YFC0907300], and the\n Science \\& Technology Department of Sichuan Province {[}21ZDYF1898].}},\nNumber-of-Cited-References = {{45}},\nTimes-Cited = {{0}},\nUsage-Count-Last-180-days = {{18}},\nUsage-Count-Since-2013 = {{34}},\nJournal-ISO = {{Environ. Pollut.}},\nDoc-Delivery-Number = {{RJ6VA}},\nUnique-ID = {{WOS:000637737100041}},\nDA = {{2021-12-02}},\n}\n\n","author_short":["Qiao, X.","Liu, L.","Yang, C.","Yuan, Y.","Zhang, M.","Guo, H.","Tang, Y.","Ying, Q.","Zhu, S.","Zhang, H."],"key":"WOS:000637737100041","id":"WOS:000637737100041","bibbaseid":"qiao-liu-yang-yuan-zhang-guo-tang-ying-etal-responsesoffineparticulatematterandozonetolocalemissionreductionsinthesichuanbasinsouthwesternchina-2021","role":"author","urls":{},"keyword":["Air pollution; Air quality; Sensitivity study; Chengdu; Chongqing"],"metadata":{"authorlinks":{}}},"bibtype":"article","biburl":"http://yingqi95616.ddns.net:8001/publicationlist.bib","dataSources":["kTLQ96xxQwQovcx6r","LT3gToj3w22mutXHY"],"keywords":["air pollution; air quality; sensitivity study; chengdu; chongqing"],"search_terms":["responses","fine","particulate","matter","ozone","local","emission","reductions","sichuan","basin","southwestern","china","qiao","liu","yang","yuan","zhang","guo","tang","ying","zhu","zhang"],"title":"Responses of fine particulate matter and ozone to local emission reductions in the Sichuan Basin, southwestern China","year":2021,"downloads":1}