On the separation of net ecosystem exchange into assimilation and ecosystem respiration: review and improved algorithm

On the separation of net ecosystem exchange into assimilation and ecosystem respiration: review and improved algorithm. Reichstein, M., Falge, E., Baldocchi, D., D., Papale, D., Aubinet, M., Berbigier, P., Bernhofer, C., Buchmann, N., Gilmanov, T., G., Granier, A., A., Grunwald, T., Havrankova, K., Ilvesniemi, H., Janous, D., Knohl, A., Laurila, T., Lohila, A., Loustau, D., Matteucci, G., Meyers, T., Miglietta, F., Ourcival, J., Pumpanen, J., Rambal, S., Rotenberg, E., Sanz, M., Tenhunen, J., Seufert, G., Vaccari, F., Vesala, T., Yakir, D., & Valentini, R. Global Change Biology, 11(9):1424-1439, 9, 2005.

Website doi abstract bibtex

This paper discusses the advantages and disadvantages of the different methods that separate net ecosystem exchange (NEE) into its major components, gross ecosystem carbon uptake (GEP) and ecosystem respiration (Reco). In particular, we analyse the effect of the extrapolation of night-time values of ecosystem respiration into the daytime; this is usually done with a temperature response function that is derived from long-term data sets. For this analysis, we used 16 one-year-long data sets of carbon dioxide exchange measurements from European and US-American eddy covariance networks. These sites span from the boreal to Mediterranean climates, and include deciduous and evergreen forest, scrubland and crop ecosystems. We show that the temperature sensitivity of Reco, derived from long-term (annual) data sets, does not reflect the short-term temperature sensitivity that is effective when extrapolating from night- to daytime. Specifically, in summer active ecosystems the long-term temperature sensitivity exceeds the short-term sensitivity. Thus, in those ecosystems, the application of a long-term temperature sensitivity to the extrapolation of respiration from night to day leads to a systematic overestimation of ecosystem respiration from half-hourly to annual time-scales, which can reach >25% for an annual budget and which consequently affects estimates of GEP. Conversely, in summer passive (Mediterranean) ecosystems, the long-term temperature sensitivity is lower than the short-term temperature sensitivity resulting in underestimation of annual sums of respiration. We introduce a new generic algorithm that derives a short-term temperature sensitivity of Reco from eddy covariance data that applies this to the extrapolation from night- to daytime, and that further performs a filling of data gaps that exploits both, the covariance between fluxes and meteorological drivers and the temporal structure of the fluxes. While this algorithm should give less biased estimates of GEP and Reco, we discuss the remaining biases and recommend that eddy covariance measurements are still backed by ancillary flux measurements that can reduce the uncertainties inherent in the eddy covariance data.

@article{
 title = {On the separation of net ecosystem exchange into assimilation and ecosystem respiration: review and improved algorithm},
 type = {article},
 year = {2005},
 keywords = {001002,10,11,1111,1365-2486,1424,1439,2005,Carbon balance,Computational methods,Ecosystem respiration,Eddy covariance,Gross carbon uptake,Temperature sensitivity of respiration,assimilation and ecosystem respiration,bal change biology,doi,j,net ecosystem exchange into,on the separation of,review and,x},
 pages = {1424-1439},
 volume = {11},
 websites = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2005.001002.x},
 month = {9},
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 notes = {<b>From Duplicate 1 (<i>On the separation of net ecosystem exchange into assimilation and ecosystem respiration: review and improved algorithm</i> - Reichstein, Markus; Falge, Eva; Baldocchi, Dennis D.; Papale, Dario; Aubinet, Marc; Berbigier, Paul; Bernhofer, Christian; Buchmann, Nina; Gilmanov, Tagir G.; Granier, André; Grunwald, Thomas; Havrankova, Katka; Ilvesniemi, Hannu; Janous, Dalibor; Knohl, Alexander; Laurila, Tuomas; Lohila, Annalea; Loustau, Denis; Matteucci, Giorgio; Meyers, Tilden; Miglietta, Franco; Ourcival, Jean-Marc; Pumpanen, Jukka; Rambal, Serge; Rotenberg, Eyal; Sanz, Maria; Tenhunen, John; Seufert, Gunther; Vaccari, Francesco; Vesala, Timo; Yakir, Dan; Valentini, Riccardo)<br/></b><br/><b>From Duplicate 1 ( </b><br/><b><br/><i>On the separation of net ecosystem exchange into assimilation and ecosystem respiration: review and improved algorithm</i><br/></b><br/><b>- Reichstein, Markus; Falge, Eva M.; Baldocchi, Dennis D.; Papale, Dario; Aubinet, Marc; Berbigier, Paul; Bernhofer, Christian; Buchmann, Nina; Gilmanov, Tagir; Granier, André; Grunwald, Thomas; Havrankova, Katka; Ilvesniemi, Hannu; Janous, Dalibor; Knohl, Alexander; Laurila, Tuomas; Lohila, Annalea; Loustau, Denis; Matteucci, Giorgio; Meyers, Tilden; Miglietta, Franco; Ourcival, Jean-Marc; Pumpanen, Jukka; Rambal, Serge; Rotenberg, Eyal; Sanz, Maria; Tenhunen, John; Seufert, Günther; Vaccari, Francesco; Vesala, Timo; Yakir, Dan; Valentini, Riccardo )<br/><br/></b><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><b>From Duplicate 2 ( </b><br/><b><br/><i>On the separation of net ecosystem exchange into assimilation and ecosystem respiration: review and improved algorithm</i><br/></b><br/><b>- Reichstein, Markus; Falge, Eva M.; Baldocchi, Dennis D.; Papale, Dario; Aubinet, Marc; Berbigier, Paul; Bernhofer, Christian; Buchmann, Nina; Gilmanov, Tagir; Granier, André; Grunwald, Thomas; Havrankova, Katka; Ilvesniemi, Hannu; Janous, Dalibor; Knohl, Alexander; Laurila, Tuomas; Lohila, Annalea; Loustau, Denis; Matteucci, Giorgio; Meyers, Tilden; Miglietta, Franco; Ourcival, Jean-Marc; Pumpanen, Jukka; Rambal, Serge; Rotenberg, Eyal; Sanz, Maria; Tenhunen, J. D.; Seufert, Gunther Günther; Vaccari, Francesco; Vesala, Timo; Yakir, Dan; Valentini, Riccardo )<br/><br/></b><br/><br/><br/><b>From Duplicate 2 ( </b><br/><br/><b><br/><i>On the separation of net ecosystem exchange into assimilation and ecosystem respiration: review and improved algorithm</i><br/></b><br/><br/><b>- Reichstein, Markus; Falge, Eva M.; Baldocchi, Dennis D.; Papale, Dario; Aubinet, Marc; Berbigier, Paul; Bernhofer, Christian; Buchmann, Nina; Gilmanov, Tagir; Granier, André; Grunwald, Thomas; Havrankova, Katka; Ilvesniemi, Hannu; Janous, Dalibor; Knohl, Alexander; Laurila, Tuomas; Lohila, Annalea; Loustau, Denis; Matteucci, Giorgio; Meyers, Tilden; Miglietta, Franco; Ourcival, Jean-Marc; Pumpanen, Jukka; Rambal, Serge; Rotenberg, Eyal; Sanz, Maria; Tenhunen, John; Seufert, Günther; Vaccari, Francesco; Vesala, Timo; Yakir, Dan; Valentini, Riccardo )<br/><br/></b><br/><br/><b>From Duplicate 2 (<i>On the separation of net ecosystem exchange into assimilation and ecosystem respiration: review and improved algorithm</i> - Reichstein, Markus; Falge, Eva; Baldocchi, Dennis D.; Papale, Dario; Aubinet, Marc; Berbigier, Paul; Bernhofer, Christian; Buchmann, Nina; Gilmanov, Tagir G.; Granier, André; Grunwald, Thomas; Havrankova, Katka; Ilvesniemi, Hannu; Janous, Dalibor; Knohl, Alexander; Laurila, Tuomas; Lohila, Annalea; Loustau, Denis; Matteucci, Giorgio; Meyers, Tilden; Miglietta, Franco; Ourcival, Jean-Marc; Pumpanen, Jukka; Rambal, Serge; Rotenberg, Eyal; Sanz, Maria; Tenhunen, John; Seufert, Gunther; Vaccari, Francesco; Vesala, Timo; Yakir, Dan; Valentini, Riccardo)<br/></b><br/>From Duplicate 1 ( <br/><br/>On the separation of net ecosystem exchange into assimilation and ecosystem respiration: review and improved algorithm<br/><br/>- Reichstein, Markus; Falge, Eva M.; Baldocchi, Dennis D.; Papale, Dario; Aubinet, Marc; Berbigier, Paul; Bernhofer, Christian; Buchmann, Nina; Gilmanov, Tagir; Granier, André; Grunwald, Thomas; Havrankova, Katka; Ilvesniemi, Hannu; Janous, Dalibor; Knohl, Alexander; Laurila, Tuomas; Lohila, Annalea; Loustau, Denis; Matteucci, Giorgio; Meyers, Tilden; Miglietta, Franco; Ourcival, Jean-Marc; Pumpanen, Jukka; Rambal, Serge; Rotenberg, Eyal; Sanz, Maria; Tenhunen, John; Seufert, Günther; Vaccari, Francesco; Vesala, Timo; Yakir, Dan; Valentini, Riccardo )<br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/>From Duplicate 2 ( <br/><br/>On the separation of net ecosystem exchange into assimilation and ecosystem respiration: review and improved algorithm<br/><br/>- Reichstein, Markus; Falge, Eva M.; Baldocchi, Dennis D.; Papale, Dario; Aubinet, Marc; Berbigier, Paul; Bernhofer, Christian; Buchmann, Nina; Gilmanov, Tagir; Granier, André; Grunwald, Thomas; Havrankova, Katka; Ilvesniemi, Hannu; Janous, Dalibor; Knohl, Alexander; Laurila, Tuomas; Lohila, Annalea; Loustau, Denis; Matteucci, Giorgio; Meyers, Tilden; Miglietta, Franco; Ourcival, Jean-Marc; Pumpanen, Jukka; Rambal, Serge; Rotenberg, Eyal; Sanz, Maria; Tenhunen, J. D.; Seufert, Gunther Günther; Vaccari, Francesco; Vesala, Timo; Yakir, Dan; Valentini, Riccardo )<br/><br/><br/><br/><br/>From Duplicate 2 ( <br/><br/><br/>On the separation of net ecosystem exchange into assimilation and ecosystem respiration: review and improved algorithm<br/><br/><br/>- Reichstein, Markus; Falge, Eva M.; Baldocchi, Dennis D.; Papale, Dario; Aubinet, Marc; Berbigier, Paul; Bernhofer, Christian; Buchmann, Nina; Gilmanov, Tagir; Granier, André; Grunwald, Thomas; Havrankova, Katka; Ilvesniemi, Hannu; Janous, Dalibor; Knohl, Alexander; Laurila, Tuomas; Lohila, Annalea; Loustau, Denis; Matteucci, Giorgio; Meyers, Tilden; Miglietta, Franco; Ourcival, Jean-Marc; Pumpanen, Jukka; Rambal, Serge; Rotenberg, Eyal; Sanz, Maria; Tenhunen, John; Seufert, Günther; Vaccari, Francesco; Vesala, Timo; Yakir, Dan; Valentini, Riccardo )},
 private_publication = {false},
 abstract = {This paper discusses the advantages and disadvantages of the different methods that separate net ecosystem exchange (NEE) into its major components, gross ecosystem carbon uptake (GEP) and ecosystem respiration (Reco). In particular, we analyse the effect of the extrapolation of night-time values of ecosystem respiration into the daytime; this is usually done with a temperature response function that is derived from long-term data sets. For this analysis, we used 16 one-year-long data sets of carbon dioxide exchange measurements from European and US-American eddy covariance networks. These sites span from the boreal to Mediterranean climates, and include deciduous and evergreen forest, scrubland and crop ecosystems. We show that the temperature sensitivity of Reco, derived from long-term (annual) data sets, does not reflect the short-term temperature sensitivity that is effective when extrapolating from night- to daytime. Specifically, in summer active ecosystems the long-term temperature sensitivity exceeds the short-term sensitivity. Thus, in those ecosystems, the application of a long-term temperature sensitivity to the extrapolation of respiration from night to day leads to a systematic overestimation of ecosystem respiration from half-hourly to annual time-scales, which can reach >25% for an annual budget and which consequently affects estimates of GEP. Conversely, in summer passive (Mediterranean) ecosystems, the long-term temperature sensitivity is lower than the short-term temperature sensitivity resulting in underestimation of annual sums of respiration. We introduce a new generic algorithm that derives a short-term temperature sensitivity of Reco from eddy covariance data that applies this to the extrapolation from night- to daytime, and that further performs a filling of data gaps that exploits both, the covariance between fluxes and meteorological drivers and the temporal structure of the fluxes. While this algorithm should give less biased estimates of GEP and Reco, we discuss the remaining biases and recommend that eddy covariance measurements are still backed by ancillary flux measurements that can reduce the uncertainties inherent in the eddy covariance data.},
 bibtype = {article},
 author = {Reichstein, Markus and Falge, Eva and Baldocchi, Dennis D. and Papale, Dario and Aubinet, Marc and Berbigier, Paul and Bernhofer, Christian and Buchmann, Nina and Gilmanov, Tagir G. and Granier, André Andre and Grunwald, Thomas and Havrankova, Katka and Ilvesniemi, Hannu and Janous, Dalibor and Knohl, Alexander and Laurila, Tuomas and Lohila, Annalea and Loustau, Denis and Matteucci, Giorgio and Meyers, Tilden and Miglietta, Franco and Ourcival, Jean-Marc and Pumpanen, Jukka and Rambal, Serge and Rotenberg, Eyal and Sanz, Maria and Tenhunen, John and Seufert, Gunther and Vaccari, Francesco and Vesala, Timo and Yakir, Dan and Valentini, Riccardo},
 doi = {10.1111/j.1365-2486.2005.001002.x},
 journal = {Global Change Biology},
 number = {9}
}

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D.; Seufert, Gunther Günther; Vaccari, Francesco; Vesala, Timo; Yakir, Dan; Valentini, Riccardo ) From Duplicate 2 ( On the separation of net ecosystem exchange into assimilation and ecosystem respiration: review and improved algorithm - Reichstein, Markus; Falge, Eva M.; Baldocchi, Dennis D.; Papale, Dario; Aubinet, Marc; Berbigier, Paul; Bernhofer, Christian; Buchmann, Nina; Gilmanov, Tagir; Granier, André; Grunwald, Thomas; Havrankova, Katka; Ilvesniemi, Hannu; Janous, Dalibor; Knohl, Alexander; Laurila, Tuomas; Lohila, Annalea; Loustau, Denis; Matteucci, Giorgio; Meyers, Tilden; Miglietta, Franco; Ourcival, Jean-Marc; Pumpanen, Jukka; Rambal, Serge; Rotenberg, Eyal; Sanz, Maria; Tenhunen, John; Seufert, Günther; Vaccari, Francesco; Vesala, Timo; Yakir, Dan; Valentini, Riccardo ) From Duplicate 2 (On the separation of net ecosystem exchange into assimilation and ecosystem respiration: review and improved algorithm - Reichstein, Markus; Falge, Eva; Baldocchi, Dennis D.; Papale, Dario; Aubinet, Marc; Berbigier, Paul; Bernhofer, Christian; Buchmann, Nina; Gilmanov, Tagir G.; Granier, André; Grunwald, Thomas; Havrankova, Katka; Ilvesniemi, Hannu; Janous, Dalibor; Knohl, Alexander; Laurila, Tuomas; Lohila, Annalea; Loustau, Denis; Matteucci, Giorgio; Meyers, Tilden; Miglietta, Franco; Ourcival, Jean-Marc; Pumpanen, Jukka; Rambal, Serge; Rotenberg, Eyal; Sanz, Maria; Tenhunen, John; Seufert, Gunther; Vaccari, Francesco; Vesala, Timo; Yakir, Dan; Valentini, Riccardo) From Duplicate 1 ( On the separation of net ecosystem exchange into assimilation and ecosystem respiration: review and improved algorithm - Reichstein, Markus; Falge, Eva M.; Baldocchi, Dennis D.; Papale, Dario; Aubinet, Marc; Berbigier, Paul; Bernhofer, Christian; Buchmann, Nina; Gilmanov, Tagir; Granier, André; Grunwald, Thomas; Havrankova, Katka; Ilvesniemi, Hannu; Janous, Dalibor; Knohl, Alexander; Laurila, Tuomas; Lohila, Annalea; Loustau, Denis; Matteucci, Giorgio; Meyers, Tilden; Miglietta, Franco; Ourcival, Jean-Marc; Pumpanen, Jukka; Rambal, Serge; Rotenberg, Eyal; Sanz, Maria; Tenhunen, John; Seufert, Günther; Vaccari, Francesco; Vesala, Timo; Yakir, Dan; Valentini, Riccardo ) From Duplicate 2 ( On the separation of net ecosystem exchange into assimilation and ecosystem respiration: review and improved algorithm - Reichstein, Markus; Falge, Eva M.; Baldocchi, Dennis D.; Papale, Dario; Aubinet, Marc; Berbigier, Paul; Bernhofer, Christian; Buchmann, Nina; Gilmanov, Tagir; Granier, André; Grunwald, Thomas; Havrankova, Katka; Ilvesniemi, Hannu; Janous, Dalibor; Knohl, Alexander; Laurila, Tuomas; Lohila, Annalea; Loustau, Denis; Matteucci, Giorgio; Meyers, Tilden; Miglietta, Franco; Ourcival, Jean-Marc; Pumpanen, Jukka; Rambal, Serge; Rotenberg, Eyal; Sanz, Maria; Tenhunen, J. D.; Seufert, Gunther Günther; Vaccari, Francesco; Vesala, Timo; Yakir, Dan; Valentini, Riccardo ) From Duplicate 2 ( On the separation of net ecosystem exchange into assimilation and ecosystem respiration: review and improved algorithm - Reichstein, Markus; Falge, Eva M.; Baldocchi, Dennis D.; Papale, Dario; Aubinet, Marc; Berbigier, Paul; Bernhofer, Christian; Buchmann, Nina; Gilmanov, Tagir; Granier, André; Grunwald, Thomas; Havrankova, Katka; Ilvesniemi, Hannu; Janous, Dalibor; Knohl, Alexander; Laurila, Tuomas; Lohila, Annalea; Loustau, Denis; Matteucci, Giorgio; Meyers, Tilden; Miglietta, Franco; Ourcival, Jean-Marc; Pumpanen, Jukka; Rambal, Serge; Rotenberg, Eyal; Sanz, Maria; Tenhunen, John; Seufert, Günther; Vaccari, Francesco; Vesala, Timo; Yakir, Dan; Valentini, Riccardo )","private_publication":false,"abstract":"This paper discusses the advantages and disadvantages of the different methods that separate net ecosystem exchange (NEE) into its major components, gross ecosystem carbon uptake (GEP) and ecosystem respiration (Reco). In particular, we analyse the effect of the extrapolation of night-time values of ecosystem respiration into the daytime; this is usually done with a temperature response function that is derived from long-term data sets. For this analysis, we used 16 one-year-long data sets of carbon dioxide exchange measurements from European and US-American eddy covariance networks. These sites span from the boreal to Mediterranean climates, and include deciduous and evergreen forest, scrubland and crop ecosystems. We show that the temperature sensitivity of Reco, derived from long-term (annual) data sets, does not reflect the short-term temperature sensitivity that is effective when extrapolating from night- to daytime. Specifically, in summer active ecosystems the long-term temperature sensitivity exceeds the short-term sensitivity. Thus, in those ecosystems, the application of a long-term temperature sensitivity to the extrapolation of respiration from night to day leads to a systematic overestimation of ecosystem respiration from half-hourly to annual time-scales, which can reach >25% for an annual budget and which consequently affects estimates of GEP. Conversely, in summer passive (Mediterranean) ecosystems, the long-term temperature sensitivity is lower than the short-term temperature sensitivity resulting in underestimation of annual sums of respiration. We introduce a new generic algorithm that derives a short-term temperature sensitivity of Reco from eddy covariance data that applies this to the extrapolation from night- to daytime, and that further performs a filling of data gaps that exploits both, the covariance between fluxes and meteorological drivers and the temporal structure of the fluxes. While this algorithm should give less biased estimates of GEP and Reco, we discuss the remaining biases and recommend that eddy covariance measurements are still backed by ancillary flux measurements that can reduce the uncertainties inherent in the eddy covariance data.","bibtype":"article","author":"Reichstein, Markus and Falge, Eva and Baldocchi, Dennis D. and Papale, Dario and Aubinet, Marc and Berbigier, Paul and Bernhofer, Christian and Buchmann, Nina and Gilmanov, Tagir G. and Granier, André Andre and Grunwald, Thomas and Havrankova, Katka and Ilvesniemi, Hannu and Janous, Dalibor and Knohl, Alexander and Laurila, Tuomas and Lohila, Annalea and Loustau, Denis and Matteucci, Giorgio and Meyers, Tilden and Miglietta, Franco and Ourcival, Jean-Marc and Pumpanen, Jukka and Rambal, Serge and Rotenberg, Eyal and Sanz, Maria and Tenhunen, John and Seufert, Gunther and Vaccari, Francesco and Vesala, Timo and Yakir, Dan and Valentini, Riccardo","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2486.2005.001002.x","journal":"Global Change Biology","number":"9","bibtex":"@article{\n title = {On the separation of net ecosystem exchange into assimilation and ecosystem respiration: review and improved algorithm},\n type = {article},\n year = {2005},\n keywords = {001002,10,11,1111,1365-2486,1424,1439,2005,Carbon balance,Computational methods,Ecosystem respiration,Eddy covariance,Gross carbon uptake,Temperature sensitivity of respiration,assimilation and ecosystem respiration,bal change biology,doi,j,net ecosystem exchange into,on the separation of,review and,x},\n pages = {1424-1439},\n volume = {11},\n websites = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2005.001002.x},\n month = {9},\n id = {0d30ba12-b447-3c2c-bef5-9a1604b8980f},\n created = {2018-01-17T15:13:01.894Z},\n accessed = {2010-07-17},\n file_attached = {false},\n profile_id = {5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7},\n group_id = {c4af41cc-7e3c-3fd3-9982-bdb923596eee},\n last_modified = {2018-01-17T15:13:01.894Z},\n read = {true},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Reichstein2005b},\n source_type = {article},\n notes = {From Duplicate 1 (On the separation of net ecosystem exchange into assimilation and ecosystem respiration: review and improved algorithm - Reichstein, Markus; Falge, Eva; Baldocchi, Dennis D.; Papale, Dario; Aubinet, Marc; Berbigier, Paul; Bernhofer, Christian; Buchmann, Nina; Gilmanov, Tagir G.; Granier, André; Grunwald, Thomas; Havrankova, Katka; Ilvesniemi, Hannu; Janous, Dalibor; Knohl, Alexander; Laurila, Tuomas; Lohila, Annalea; Loustau, Denis; Matteucci, Giorgio; Meyers, Tilden; Miglietta, Franco; Ourcival, Jean-Marc; Pumpanen, Jukka; Rambal, Serge; Rotenberg, Eyal; Sanz, Maria; Tenhunen, John; Seufert, Gunther; Vaccari, Francesco; Vesala, Timo; Yakir, Dan; Valentini, Riccardo) From Duplicate 1 ( On the separation of net ecosystem exchange into assimilation and ecosystem respiration: review and improved algorithm - Reichstein, Markus; Falge, Eva M.; Baldocchi, Dennis D.; Papale, Dario; Aubinet, Marc; Berbigier, Paul; Bernhofer, Christian; Buchmann, Nina; Gilmanov, Tagir; Granier, André; Grunwald, Thomas; Havrankova, Katka; Ilvesniemi, Hannu; Janous, Dalibor; Knohl, Alexander; Laurila, Tuomas; Lohila, Annalea; Loustau, Denis; Matteucci, Giorgio; Meyers, Tilden; Miglietta, Franco; Ourcival, Jean-Marc; Pumpanen, Jukka; Rambal, Serge; Rotenberg, Eyal; Sanz, Maria; Tenhunen, John; Seufert, Günther; Vaccari, Francesco; Vesala, Timo; Yakir, Dan; Valentini, Riccardo ) From Duplicate 2 ( On the separation of net ecosystem exchange into assimilation and ecosystem respiration: review and improved algorithm - Reichstein, Markus; Falge, Eva M.; Baldocchi, Dennis D.; Papale, Dario; Aubinet, Marc; Berbigier, Paul; Bernhofer, Christian; Buchmann, Nina; Gilmanov, Tagir; Granier, André; Grunwald, Thomas; Havrankova, Katka; Ilvesniemi, Hannu; Janous, Dalibor; Knohl, Alexander; Laurila, Tuomas; Lohila, Annalea; Loustau, Denis; Matteucci, Giorgio; Meyers, Tilden; Miglietta, Franco; Ourcival, Jean-Marc; Pumpanen, Jukka; Rambal, Serge; Rotenberg, Eyal; Sanz, Maria; Tenhunen, J. D.; Seufert, Gunther Günther; Vaccari, Francesco; Vesala, Timo; Yakir, Dan; Valentini, Riccardo ) From Duplicate 2 ( On the separation of net ecosystem exchange into assimilation and ecosystem respiration: review and improved algorithm - Reichstein, Markus; Falge, Eva M.; Baldocchi, Dennis D.; Papale, Dario; Aubinet, Marc; Berbigier, Paul; Bernhofer, Christian; Buchmann, Nina; Gilmanov, Tagir; Granier, André; Grunwald, Thomas; Havrankova, Katka; Ilvesniemi, Hannu; Janous, Dalibor; Knohl, Alexander; Laurila, Tuomas; Lohila, Annalea; Loustau, Denis; Matteucci, Giorgio; Meyers, Tilden; Miglietta, Franco; Ourcival, Jean-Marc; Pumpanen, Jukka; Rambal, Serge; Rotenberg, Eyal; Sanz, Maria; Tenhunen, John; Seufert, Günther; Vaccari, Francesco; Vesala, Timo; Yakir, Dan; Valentini, Riccardo ) From Duplicate 2 (On the separation of net ecosystem exchange into assimilation and ecosystem respiration: review and improved algorithm - Reichstein, Markus; Falge, Eva; Baldocchi, Dennis D.; Papale, Dario; Aubinet, Marc; Berbigier, Paul; Bernhofer, Christian; Buchmann, Nina; Gilmanov, Tagir G.; Granier, André; Grunwald, Thomas; Havrankova, Katka; Ilvesniemi, Hannu; Janous, Dalibor; Knohl, Alexander; Laurila, Tuomas; Lohila, Annalea; Loustau, Denis; Matteucci, Giorgio; Meyers, Tilden; Miglietta, Franco; Ourcival, Jean-Marc; Pumpanen, Jukka; Rambal, Serge; Rotenberg, Eyal; Sanz, Maria; Tenhunen, John; Seufert, Gunther; Vaccari, Francesco; Vesala, Timo; Yakir, Dan; Valentini, Riccardo) From Duplicate 1 ( On the separation of net ecosystem exchange into assimilation and ecosystem respiration: review and improved algorithm - Reichstein, Markus; Falge, Eva M.; Baldocchi, Dennis D.; Papale, Dario; Aubinet, Marc; Berbigier, Paul; Bernhofer, Christian; Buchmann, Nina; Gilmanov, Tagir; Granier, André; Grunwald, Thomas; Havrankova, Katka; Ilvesniemi, Hannu; Janous, Dalibor; Knohl, Alexander; Laurila, Tuomas; Lohila, Annalea; Loustau, Denis; Matteucci, Giorgio; Meyers, Tilden; Miglietta, Franco; Ourcival, Jean-Marc; Pumpanen, Jukka; Rambal, Serge; Rotenberg, Eyal; Sanz, Maria; Tenhunen, John; Seufert, Günther; Vaccari, Francesco; Vesala, Timo; Yakir, Dan; Valentini, Riccardo ) From Duplicate 2 ( On the separation of net ecosystem exchange into assimilation and ecosystem respiration: review and improved algorithm - Reichstein, Markus; Falge, Eva M.; Baldocchi, Dennis D.; Papale, Dario; Aubinet, Marc; Berbigier, Paul; Bernhofer, Christian; Buchmann, Nina; Gilmanov, Tagir; Granier, André; Grunwald, Thomas; Havrankova, Katka; Ilvesniemi, Hannu; Janous, Dalibor; Knohl, Alexander; Laurila, Tuomas; Lohila, Annalea; Loustau, Denis; Matteucci, Giorgio; Meyers, Tilden; Miglietta, Franco; Ourcival, Jean-Marc; Pumpanen, Jukka; Rambal, Serge; Rotenberg, Eyal; Sanz, Maria; Tenhunen, J. D.; Seufert, Gunther Günther; Vaccari, Francesco; Vesala, Timo; Yakir, Dan; Valentini, Riccardo ) From Duplicate 2 ( On the separation of net ecosystem exchange into assimilation and ecosystem respiration: review and improved algorithm - Reichstein, Markus; Falge, Eva M.; Baldocchi, Dennis D.; Papale, Dario; Aubinet, Marc; Berbigier, Paul; Bernhofer, Christian; Buchmann, Nina; Gilmanov, Tagir; Granier, André; Grunwald, Thomas; Havrankova, Katka; Ilvesniemi, Hannu; Janous, Dalibor; Knohl, Alexander; Laurila, Tuomas; Lohila, Annalea; Loustau, Denis; Matteucci, Giorgio; Meyers, Tilden; Miglietta, Franco; Ourcival, Jean-Marc; Pumpanen, Jukka; Rambal, Serge; Rotenberg, Eyal; Sanz, Maria; Tenhunen, John; Seufert, Günther; Vaccari, Francesco; Vesala, Timo; Yakir, Dan; Valentini, Riccardo )},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {This paper discusses the advantages and disadvantages of the different methods that separate net ecosystem exchange (NEE) into its major components, gross ecosystem carbon uptake (GEP) and ecosystem respiration (Reco). In particular, we analyse the effect of the extrapolation of night-time values of ecosystem respiration into the daytime; this is usually done with a temperature response function that is derived from long-term data sets. For this analysis, we used 16 one-year-long data sets of carbon dioxide exchange measurements from European and US-American eddy covariance networks. These sites span from the boreal to Mediterranean climates, and include deciduous and evergreen forest, scrubland and crop ecosystems. We show that the temperature sensitivity of Reco, derived from long-term (annual) data sets, does not reflect the short-term temperature sensitivity that is effective when extrapolating from night- to daytime. Specifically, in summer active ecosystems the long-term temperature sensitivity exceeds the short-term sensitivity. Thus, in those ecosystems, the application of a long-term temperature sensitivity to the extrapolation of respiration from night to day leads to a systematic overestimation of ecosystem respiration from half-hourly to annual time-scales, which can reach >25% for an annual budget and which consequently affects estimates of GEP. Conversely, in summer passive (Mediterranean) ecosystems, the long-term temperature sensitivity is lower than the short-term temperature sensitivity resulting in underestimation of annual sums of respiration. We introduce a new generic algorithm that derives a short-term temperature sensitivity of Reco from eddy covariance data that applies this to the extrapolation from night- to daytime, and that further performs a filling of data gaps that exploits both, the covariance between fluxes and meteorological drivers and the temporal structure of the fluxes. While this algorithm should give less biased estimates of GEP and Reco, we discuss the remaining biases and recommend that eddy covariance measurements are still backed by ancillary flux measurements that can reduce the uncertainties inherent in the eddy covariance data.},\n bibtype = {article},\n author = {Reichstein, Markus and Falge, Eva and Baldocchi, Dennis D. and Papale, Dario and Aubinet, Marc and Berbigier, Paul and Bernhofer, Christian and Buchmann, Nina and Gilmanov, Tagir G. and Granier, André Andre and Grunwald, Thomas and Havrankova, Katka and Ilvesniemi, Hannu and Janous, Dalibor and Knohl, Alexander and Laurila, Tuomas and Lohila, Annalea and Loustau, Denis and Matteucci, Giorgio and Meyers, Tilden and Miglietta, Franco and Ourcival, Jean-Marc and Pumpanen, Jukka and Rambal, Serge and Rotenberg, Eyal and Sanz, Maria and Tenhunen, John and Seufert, Gunther and Vaccari, Francesco and Vesala, Timo and Yakir, Dan and Valentini, Riccardo},\n doi = {10.1111/j.1365-2486.2005.001002.x},\n journal = {Global Change Biology},\n number = {9}\n}","author_short":["Reichstein, M.","Falge, E.","Baldocchi, D., D.","Papale, D.","Aubinet, M.","Berbigier, P.","Bernhofer, C.","Buchmann, N.","Gilmanov, T., G.","Granier, A., A.","Grunwald, T.","Havrankova, K.","Ilvesniemi, H.","Janous, D.","Knohl, A.","Laurila, T.","Lohila, A.","Loustau, D.","Matteucci, G.","Meyers, T.","Miglietta, F.","Ourcival, J.","Pumpanen, J.","Rambal, S.","Rotenberg, E.","Sanz, M.","Tenhunen, J.","Seufert, G.","Vaccari, F.","Vesala, T.","Yakir, D.","Valentini, R."],"urls":{"Website":"http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2005.001002.x"},"biburl":"https://bibbase.org/service/mendeley/5c1040db-25e3-36ea-a919-0994a44709e7","bibbaseid":"reichstein-falge-baldocchi-papale-aubinet-berbigier-bernhofer-buchmann-etal-ontheseparationofnetecosystemexchangeintoassimilationandecosystemrespirationreviewandimprovedalgorithm-2005","role":"author","keyword":["001002","10","11","1111","1365-2486","1424","1439","2005","Carbon balance","Computational methods","Ecosystem respiration","Eddy covariance","Gross carbon uptake","Temperature sensitivity of respiration","assimilation and ecosystem respiration","bal change biology","doi","j","net ecosystem exchange into","on the separation of","review and","x"],"metadata":{"authorlinks":{}},"downloads":0},"search_terms":["separation","net","ecosystem","exchange","assimilation","ecosystem","respiration","review","improved","algorithm","reichstein","falge","baldocchi","papale","aubinet","berbigier","bernhofer","buchmann","gilmanov","granier","grunwald","havrankova","ilvesniemi","janous","knohl","laurila","lohila","loustau","matteucci","meyers","miglietta","ourcival","pumpanen","rambal","rotenberg","sanz","tenhunen","seufert","vaccari","vesala","yakir","valentini"],"keywords":["001002","10","11","1111","1365-2486","1424","1439","2005","carbon balance","computational methods","ecosystem respiration","eddy covariance","gross carbon uptake","temperature sensitivity of respiration","assimilation and ecosystem respiration","bal change biology","doi","j","net ecosystem exchange into","on the separation of","review and","x"],"authorIDs":[],"dataSources":["LRSiZxnRXfxznxXRS","ya2CyA73rpZseyrZ8","2252seNhipfTmjEBQ"]}