@article{RN248,
   author = {Rensma, S. P. and Stehouwer, C. D. A. and Van Boxtel, M. P. J. and Houben, Ajhm and Berendschot, Ttjm and Jansen, J. F. A. and Schalkwijk, C. G. and Verhey, F. R. J. and Kroon, A. A. and Henry, R. M. A. and Backes, W. H. and Dagnelie, P. C. and van Dongen, Mcjm and Eussen, Sjpm and Bosma, H. and Kohler, S. and Reesink, K. D. and Schram, M. T. and van Sloten, T. T.},
   title = {Associations of Arterial Stiffness With Cognitive Performance, and the Role of Microvascular Dysfunction: The Maastricht Study},
   journal = {Hypertension},
   pages = {HYPERTENSIONAHA11914307},
   note = {Rensma, Sytze P
Stehouwer, Coen D A
Van Boxtel, Martin P J
Houben, Alfons J H M
Berendschot, Tos T J M
Jansen, Jaap F A
Schalkwijk, Casper G
Verhey, Frans R J
Kroon, Abraham A
Henry, Ronald M A
Backes, Walter H
Dagnelie, Pieter C
van Dongen, Martin C J M
Eussen, Simone J P M
Bosma, Hans
Kohler, Sebastian
Reesink, Koen D
Schram, Miranda T
van Sloten, Thomas T
eng
2020/04/11 06:00
Hypertension. 2020 Apr 10:HYPERTENSIONAHA11914307. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.119.14307.},
   abstract = {The mechanisms underlying cognitive impairment are incompletely understood but may include arterial stiffness and microvascular dysfunction. In the population-based Maastricht Study, we investigated the association between arterial stiffness and cognitive performance, and whether any such association was mediated by microvascular dysfunction. We included cross-sectional data of 2544 participants (age, 59.7 years; 51.0% men; 26.0% type 2 diabetes mellitus). We used carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity and carotid distensibility coefficient as measures of aortic and carotid stiffness, respectively. We calculated a composite score of microvascular dysfunction based on magnetic resonance imaging features of cerebral small vessel disease, flicker light-induced retinal arteriolar and venular dilation response, albuminuria, and plasma biomarkers of microvascular dysfunction (sICAM-1 [soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1], sVCAM-1 [soluble vascular adhesion molecule-1], sE-selectin [soluble E-selectin], and vWF [von Willebrand factor]). Cognitive domains assessed were memory, processing speed, and executive function. A cognitive function score was calculated as the average of these domains. Higher aortic stiffness (per m/s) was associated with lower cognitive function (beta, -0.018 SD [95% CI, -0.036 to -0.000]) independent of age, sex, education, and cardiovascular risk factors, but higher carotid stiffness was not. Higher aortic stiffness (per m/s) was associated with a higher microvascular dysfunction score (beta, 0.034 SD [95% CI, 0.014 to 0.053]), and a higher microvascular dysfunction score (per SD) was associated with lower cognitive function (beta, -0.089 SD [95% CI, -0.124 to -0.053]). Microvascular dysfunction significantly explained 16.2% of the total effect of aortic stiffness on cognitive function. The present study showed that aortic stiffness, but not carotid stiffness, is independently associated with worse cognitive performance, and that this association is in part explained by microvascular dysfunction.},
   keywords = {albuminuria
biomarkers
magnetic resonance imaging
microcirculation
risk factors},
   ISSN = {1524-4563 (Electronic)
0194-911X (Linking)},
   DOI = {10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.119.14307},
   url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32275192},
   year = {2020},
   type = {Journal Article}
}

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T."],"bibdata":{"bibtype":"article","type":"Journal Article","author":[{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Rensma"],"firstnames":["S.","P."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Stehouwer"],"firstnames":["C.","D.","A."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Van","Boxtel"],"firstnames":["M.","P.","J."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Houben"],"firstnames":["Ajhm"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Berendschot"],"firstnames":["Ttjm"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Jansen"],"firstnames":["J.","F.","A."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Schalkwijk"],"firstnames":["C.","G."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Verhey"],"firstnames":["F.","R.","J."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Kroon"],"firstnames":["A.","A."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Henry"],"firstnames":["R.","M.","A."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Backes"],"firstnames":["W.","H."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Dagnelie"],"firstnames":["P.","C."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":["van"],"lastnames":["Dongen"],"firstnames":["Mcjm"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Eussen"],"firstnames":["Sjpm"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Bosma"],"firstnames":["H."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Kohler"],"firstnames":["S."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Reesink"],"firstnames":["K.","D."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Schram"],"firstnames":["M.","T."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":["van"],"lastnames":["Sloten"],"firstnames":["T.","T."],"suffixes":[]}],"title":"Associations of Arterial Stiffness With Cognitive Performance, and the Role of Microvascular Dysfunction: The Maastricht Study","journal":"Hypertension","pages":"HYPERTENSIONAHA11914307","note":"Rensma, Sytze P Stehouwer, Coen D A Van Boxtel, Martin P J Houben, Alfons J H M Berendschot, Tos T J M Jansen, Jaap F A Schalkwijk, Casper G Verhey, Frans R J Kroon, Abraham A Henry, Ronald M A Backes, Walter H Dagnelie, Pieter C van Dongen, Martin C J M Eussen, Simone J P M Bosma, Hans Kohler, Sebastian Reesink, Koen D Schram, Miranda T van Sloten, Thomas T eng 2020/04/11 06:00 Hypertension. 2020 Apr 10:HYPERTENSIONAHA11914307. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.119.14307.","abstract":"The mechanisms underlying cognitive impairment are incompletely understood but may include arterial stiffness and microvascular dysfunction. In the population-based Maastricht Study, we investigated the association between arterial stiffness and cognitive performance, and whether any such association was mediated by microvascular dysfunction. We included cross-sectional data of 2544 participants (age, 59.7 years; 51.0% men; 26.0% type 2 diabetes mellitus). We used carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity and carotid distensibility coefficient as measures of aortic and carotid stiffness, respectively. We calculated a composite score of microvascular dysfunction based on magnetic resonance imaging features of cerebral small vessel disease, flicker light-induced retinal arteriolar and venular dilation response, albuminuria, and plasma biomarkers of microvascular dysfunction (sICAM-1 [soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1], sVCAM-1 [soluble vascular adhesion molecule-1], sE-selectin [soluble E-selectin], and vWF [von Willebrand factor]). Cognitive domains assessed were memory, processing speed, and executive function. A cognitive function score was calculated as the average of these domains. Higher aortic stiffness (per m/s) was associated with lower cognitive function (beta, -0.018 SD [95% CI, -0.036 to -0.000]) independent of age, sex, education, and cardiovascular risk factors, but higher carotid stiffness was not. Higher aortic stiffness (per m/s) was associated with a higher microvascular dysfunction score (beta, 0.034 SD [95% CI, 0.014 to 0.053]), and a higher microvascular dysfunction score (per SD) was associated with lower cognitive function (beta, -0.089 SD [95% CI, -0.124 to -0.053]). Microvascular dysfunction significantly explained 16.2% of the total effect of aortic stiffness on cognitive function. The present study showed that aortic stiffness, but not carotid stiffness, is independently associated with worse cognitive performance, and that this association is in part explained by microvascular dysfunction.","keywords":"albuminuria biomarkers magnetic resonance imaging microcirculation risk factors","issn":"1524-4563 (Electronic) 0194-911X (Linking)","doi":"10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.119.14307","url":"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32275192","year":"2020","bibtex":"@article{RN248,\n author = {Rensma, S. P. and Stehouwer, C. D. A. and Van Boxtel, M. P. J. and Houben, Ajhm and Berendschot, Ttjm and Jansen, J. F. A. and Schalkwijk, C. G. and Verhey, F. R. J. and Kroon, A. A. and Henry, R. M. A. and Backes, W. H. and Dagnelie, P. C. and van Dongen, Mcjm and Eussen, Sjpm and Bosma, H. and Kohler, S. and Reesink, K. D. and Schram, M. T. and van Sloten, T. T.},\n title = {Associations of Arterial Stiffness With Cognitive Performance, and the Role of Microvascular Dysfunction: The Maastricht Study},\n journal = {Hypertension},\n pages = {HYPERTENSIONAHA11914307},\n note = {Rensma, Sytze P\nStehouwer, Coen D A\nVan Boxtel, Martin P J\nHouben, Alfons J H M\nBerendschot, Tos T J M\nJansen, Jaap F A\nSchalkwijk, Casper G\nVerhey, Frans R J\nKroon, Abraham A\nHenry, Ronald M A\nBackes, Walter H\nDagnelie, Pieter C\nvan Dongen, Martin C J M\nEussen, Simone J P M\nBosma, Hans\nKohler, Sebastian\nReesink, Koen D\nSchram, Miranda T\nvan Sloten, Thomas T\neng\n2020/04/11 06:00\nHypertension. 2020 Apr 10:HYPERTENSIONAHA11914307. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.119.14307.},\n abstract = {The mechanisms underlying cognitive impairment are incompletely understood but may include arterial stiffness and microvascular dysfunction. In the population-based Maastricht Study, we investigated the association between arterial stiffness and cognitive performance, and whether any such association was mediated by microvascular dysfunction. We included cross-sectional data of 2544 participants (age, 59.7 years; 51.0% men; 26.0% type 2 diabetes mellitus). We used carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity and carotid distensibility coefficient as measures of aortic and carotid stiffness, respectively. We calculated a composite score of microvascular dysfunction based on magnetic resonance imaging features of cerebral small vessel disease, flicker light-induced retinal arteriolar and venular dilation response, albuminuria, and plasma biomarkers of microvascular dysfunction (sICAM-1 [soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1], sVCAM-1 [soluble vascular adhesion molecule-1], sE-selectin [soluble E-selectin], and vWF [von Willebrand factor]). Cognitive domains assessed were memory, processing speed, and executive function. A cognitive function score was calculated as the average of these domains. Higher aortic stiffness (per m/s) was associated with lower cognitive function (beta, -0.018 SD [95% CI, -0.036 to -0.000]) independent of age, sex, education, and cardiovascular risk factors, but higher carotid stiffness was not. Higher aortic stiffness (per m/s) was associated with a higher microvascular dysfunction score (beta, 0.034 SD [95% CI, 0.014 to 0.053]), and a higher microvascular dysfunction score (per SD) was associated with lower cognitive function (beta, -0.089 SD [95% CI, -0.124 to -0.053]). Microvascular dysfunction significantly explained 16.2% of the total effect of aortic stiffness on cognitive function. The present study showed that aortic stiffness, but not carotid stiffness, is independently associated with worse cognitive performance, and that this association is in part explained by microvascular dysfunction.},\n keywords = {albuminuria\nbiomarkers\nmagnetic resonance imaging\nmicrocirculation\nrisk factors},\n ISSN = {1524-4563 (Electronic)\n0194-911X (Linking)},\n DOI = {10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.119.14307},\n url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32275192},\n year = {2020},\n type = {Journal Article}\n}\n\n","author_short":["Rensma, S. P.","Stehouwer, C. D. A.","Van Boxtel, M. P. J.","Houben, A.","Berendschot, T.","Jansen, J. F. A.","Schalkwijk, C. G.","Verhey, F. R. J.","Kroon, A. A.","Henry, R. M. A.","Backes, W. H.","Dagnelie, P. C.","van Dongen, M.","Eussen, S.","Bosma, H.","Kohler, S.","Reesink, K. D.","Schram, M. T.","van Sloten, T. 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