@article{Riou2017,
abstract = {Several immune-based assays have been suggested to differentiate latent from active tuberculosis (TB). However, their relative performance as well as their efficacy in HIVinfected persons, a highly at-risk population, remains unclear. In a study of 81 individuals, divided into four groups based on their HIV-1 status and TB disease activity, we compared the differentiation (CD27 and KLRG1), activation (HLA-DR), homing potential (CCR4, CCR6, CXCR3, and CD161) and functional profiles (IFN$\gamma$, IL-2, and TNF$\alpha$) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb)-specific CD4+ T cells using flow cytometry. Active TB disease induced major changes within the Mtb-responding CD4+ T cell population, promoting memory maturation, elevated activation and increased inflammatory potential when compared to individuals with latent TB infection. Moreover, the functional profile of Mtb-specific CD4+ T cells appeared to be inherently related to their degree of differentiation. While these specific cell features were all capable of discriminating latent from active TB, irrespective of HIV status, HLA-DR expression showed the best performance for TB diagnosis [area-under-the-curve (AUC) = 0.92, 95{\%} CI: 0.82-1.01, specificity: 82{\%}, sensitivity: 84{\%} for HIV- and AUC = 0.99, 95{\%} CI: 0.98-1.01, specificity: 94{\%}, sensitivity: 93{\%} for HIV+]. In conclusion, these data support the idea that analysis of T cell phenotype can be diagnostically useful in TB.},
author = {Riou, Catherine and Berkowitz, Natacha and Goliath, Ren{\'{e}} and Burgers, Wendy A and Wilkinson, Robert J},
doi = {10.3389/fimmu.2017.00968},
file = {:C$\backslash$:/Users/01462563/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Riou et al. - 2017 - Analysis of the phenotype of Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific CD4 T cells to discriminate latent from active tub.pdf:pdf},
journal = {Frontiers in Immunology},
keywords = {OA,fund{\_}ack,original},
mendeley-tags = {OA,fund{\_}ack,original},
month = {aug},
pages = {968},
pmid = {28848561},
title = {{Analysis of the phenotype of Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific CD4+ T cells to discriminate latent from active tuberculosis in HIV-uninfected and HIV-infected individuals}},
url = {http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fimmu.2017.00968/full},
volume = {8},
year = {2017}
}

{"_id":"NcsHD2X69NxAduR6j","bibbaseid":"riou-berkowitz-goliath-burgers-wilkinson-analysisofthephenotypeofmycobacteriumtuberculosisspecificcd4tcellstodiscriminatelatentfromactivetuberculosisinhivuninfectedandhivinfectedindividuals-2017","author_short":["Riou, C.","Berkowitz, N.","Goliath, R.","Burgers, W. A","Wilkinson, R. J"],"bibdata":{"bibtype":"article","type":"article","abstract":"Several immune-based assays have been suggested to differentiate latent from active tuberculosis (TB). However, their relative performance as well as their efficacy in HIVinfected persons, a highly at-risk population, remains unclear. In a study of 81 individuals, divided into four groups based on their HIV-1 status and TB disease activity, we compared the differentiation (CD27 and KLRG1), activation (HLA-DR), homing potential (CCR4, CCR6, CXCR3, and CD161) and functional profiles (IFN$γ$, IL-2, and TNF$α$) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb)-specific CD4+ T cells using flow cytometry. Active TB disease induced major changes within the Mtb-responding CD4+ T cell population, promoting memory maturation, elevated activation and increased inflammatory potential when compared to individuals with latent TB infection. Moreover, the functional profile of Mtb-specific CD4+ T cells appeared to be inherently related to their degree of differentiation. While these specific cell features were all capable of discriminating latent from active TB, irrespective of HIV status, HLA-DR expression showed the best performance for TB diagnosis [area-under-the-curve (AUC) = 0.92, 95% CI: 0.82-1.01, specificity: 82%, sensitivity: 84% for HIV- and AUC = 0.99, 95% CI: 0.98-1.01, specificity: 94%, sensitivity: 93% for HIV+]. In conclusion, these data support the idea that analysis of T cell phenotype can be diagnostically useful in TB.","author":[{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Riou"],"firstnames":["Catherine"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Berkowitz"],"firstnames":["Natacha"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Goliath"],"firstnames":["René"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Burgers"],"firstnames":["Wendy","A"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Wilkinson"],"firstnames":["Robert","J"],"suffixes":[]}],"doi":"10.3389/fimmu.2017.00968","file":":C$\\$:/Users/01462563/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Riou et al. - 2017 - Analysis of the phenotype of Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific CD4 T cells to discriminate latent from active tub.pdf:pdf","journal":"Frontiers in Immunology","keywords":"OA,fund_ack,original","mendeley-tags":"OA,fund_ack,original","month":"aug","pages":"968","pmid":"28848561","title":"Analysis of the phenotype of Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific CD4+ T cells to discriminate latent from active tuberculosis in HIV-uninfected and HIV-infected individuals","url":"http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fimmu.2017.00968/full","volume":"8","year":"2017","bibtex":"@article{Riou2017,\r\nabstract = {Several immune-based assays have been suggested to differentiate latent from active tuberculosis (TB). However, their relative performance as well as their efficacy in HIVinfected persons, a highly at-risk population, remains unclear. In a study of 81 individuals, divided into four groups based on their HIV-1 status and TB disease activity, we compared the differentiation (CD27 and KLRG1), activation (HLA-DR), homing potential (CCR4, CCR6, CXCR3, and CD161) and functional profiles (IFN$\\gamma$, IL-2, and TNF$\\alpha$) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb)-specific CD4+ T cells using flow cytometry. Active TB disease induced major changes within the Mtb-responding CD4+ T cell population, promoting memory maturation, elevated activation and increased inflammatory potential when compared to individuals with latent TB infection. Moreover, the functional profile of Mtb-specific CD4+ T cells appeared to be inherently related to their degree of differentiation. While these specific cell features were all capable of discriminating latent from active TB, irrespective of HIV status, HLA-DR expression showed the best performance for TB diagnosis [area-under-the-curve (AUC) = 0.92, 95{\\%} CI: 0.82-1.01, specificity: 82{\\%}, sensitivity: 84{\\%} for HIV- and AUC = 0.99, 95{\\%} CI: 0.98-1.01, specificity: 94{\\%}, sensitivity: 93{\\%} for HIV+]. 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