@article{Riou2021b,
abstract = {Rapid tests to evaluate SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell responses are urgently needed to decipher protective immunity and aid monitoring vaccine-induced immunity. Using a rapid whole blood assay requiring minimal amount of blood, we measured qualitatively and quantitatively SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4T cell responses in 31 healthcare workers, using flow cytometry. 100{\%} of COVID-19 convalescent participants displayed a detectable SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4T cell response. SARS-CoV-2-responding cells were also detected in 40.9{\%} of participants with no COVID-19-associated symptoms or who tested PCR negative. Phenotypic assessment indicated that, in COVID-19 convalescent participants, SARS-CoV-2 CD4 responses displayed an early differentiated memory phenotype with limited capacity to produce IFNɣ. Conversely, in participants with no reported symptoms, SARS-CoV-2 CD4 responses were enriched in late differentiated cells, co-expressing IFNɣ and TNF$\alpha$ and also Granzyme B. This proof-of-concept study presents a scalable alternative to PBMC-based assays to enumerate and phenotype SARS-CoV-2-responding T cells, thus representing a practical tool to monitor adaptive immunity due to natural infection or vaccine trials. In this proof-of-concept study, we show that SARS-CoV-2T cell responses are easily detectable using a rapid whole blood assay requiring minimal blood volume. Such assay represents a suitable tool to monitor adaptive immunity in vaccine trials.},
author = {Riou, Catherine and Sch{\"{a}}fer, Georgia and du Bruyn, Elsa and Goliath, Rene T and Stek, Cari and Mou, Huihui and Hung, Deli and Wilkinson, Katalin A and Wilkinson, Robert J},
doi = {10.1183/13993003.00285-2021},
file = {:C$\backslash$:/Users/01462563/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Riou et al. - 2022 - Rapid, simplified whole blood-based multiparameter assay to quantify and phenotype SARS-CoV-2 specific T cells.pdf:pdf},
issn = {0903-1936},
journal = {European Respiratory Journal},
keywords = {COVID-19,OA,OA{\_}PMC,T cells,Whole blood Assay,fund{\_}ack,original},
mendeley-tags = {OA,OA{\_}PMC,fund{\_}ack,original},
month = {jun},
number = {1},
pages = {2100285},
pmid = {34140294},
publisher = {European Respiratory Society},
title = {{Rapid, simplified whole blood-based multiparameter assay to quantify and phenotype SARS-CoV-2 specific T cells}},
url = {https://erj.ersjournals.com/content/early/2021/05/28/13993003.00285-2021 https://erj.ersjournals.com/content/early/2021/05/28/13993003.00285-2021.abstract},
volume = {59},
year = {2022}
}

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Phenotypic assessment indicated that, in COVID-19 convalescent participants, SARS-CoV-2 CD4 responses displayed an early differentiated memory phenotype with limited capacity to produce IFNɣ. Conversely, in participants with no reported symptoms, SARS-CoV-2 CD4 responses were enriched in late differentiated cells, co-expressing IFNɣ and TNF$α$ and also Granzyme B. This proof-of-concept study presents a scalable alternative to PBMC-based assays to enumerate and phenotype SARS-CoV-2-responding T cells, thus representing a practical tool to monitor adaptive immunity due to natural infection or vaccine trials. In this proof-of-concept study, we show that SARS-CoV-2T cell responses are easily detectable using a rapid whole blood assay requiring minimal blood volume. Such assay represents a suitable tool to monitor adaptive immunity in vaccine trials.","author":[{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Riou"],"firstnames":["Catherine"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Schäfer"],"firstnames":["Georgia"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":["du"],"lastnames":["Bruyn"],"firstnames":["Elsa"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Goliath"],"firstnames":["Rene","T"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Stek"],"firstnames":["Cari"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Mou"],"firstnames":["Huihui"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Hung"],"firstnames":["Deli"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Wilkinson"],"firstnames":["Katalin","A"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Wilkinson"],"firstnames":["Robert","J"],"suffixes":[]}],"doi":"10.1183/13993003.00285-2021","file":":C$\\$:/Users/01462563/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Riou et al. - 2022 - Rapid, simplified whole blood-based multiparameter assay to quantify and phenotype SARS-CoV-2 specific T cells.pdf:pdf","issn":"0903-1936","journal":"European Respiratory Journal","keywords":"COVID-19,OA,OA_PMC,T cells,Whole blood Assay,fund_ack,original","mendeley-tags":"OA,OA_PMC,fund_ack,original","month":"jun","number":"1","pages":"2100285","pmid":"34140294","publisher":"European Respiratory Society","title":"Rapid, simplified whole blood-based multiparameter assay to quantify and phenotype SARS-CoV-2 specific T cells","url":"https://erj.ersjournals.com/content/early/2021/05/28/13993003.00285-2021 https://erj.ersjournals.com/content/early/2021/05/28/13993003.00285-2021.abstract","volume":"59","year":"2022","bibtex":"@article{Riou2021b,\r\nabstract = {Rapid tests to evaluate SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell responses are urgently needed to decipher protective immunity and aid monitoring vaccine-induced immunity. Using a rapid whole blood assay requiring minimal amount of blood, we measured qualitatively and quantitatively SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4T cell responses in 31 healthcare workers, using flow cytometry. 100{\\%} of COVID-19 convalescent participants displayed a detectable SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4T cell response. SARS-CoV-2-responding cells were also detected in 40.9{\\%} of participants with no COVID-19-associated symptoms or who tested PCR negative. Phenotypic assessment indicated that, in COVID-19 convalescent participants, SARS-CoV-2 CD4 responses displayed an early differentiated memory phenotype with limited capacity to produce IFNɣ. Conversely, in participants with no reported symptoms, SARS-CoV-2 CD4 responses were enriched in late differentiated cells, co-expressing IFNɣ and TNF$\\alpha$ and also Granzyme B. This proof-of-concept study presents a scalable alternative to PBMC-based assays to enumerate and phenotype SARS-CoV-2-responding T cells, thus representing a practical tool to monitor adaptive immunity due to natural infection or vaccine trials. In this proof-of-concept study, we show that SARS-CoV-2T cell responses are easily detectable using a rapid whole blood assay requiring minimal blood volume. Such assay represents a suitable tool to monitor adaptive immunity in vaccine trials.},\r\nauthor = {Riou, Catherine and Sch{\\\"{a}}fer, Georgia and du Bruyn, Elsa and Goliath, Rene T and Stek, Cari and Mou, Huihui and Hung, Deli and Wilkinson, Katalin A and Wilkinson, Robert J},\r\ndoi = {10.1183/13993003.00285-2021},\r\nfile = {:C$\\backslash$:/Users/01462563/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Riou et al. - 2022 - Rapid, simplified whole blood-based multiparameter assay to quantify and phenotype SARS-CoV-2 specific T cells.pdf:pdf},\r\nissn = {0903-1936},\r\njournal = {European Respiratory Journal},\r\nkeywords = {COVID-19,OA,OA{\\_}PMC,T cells,Whole blood Assay,fund{\\_}ack,original},\r\nmendeley-tags = {OA,OA{\\_}PMC,fund{\\_}ack,original},\r\nmonth = {jun},\r\nnumber = {1},\r\npages = {2100285},\r\npmid = {34140294},\r\npublisher = {European Respiratory Society},\r\ntitle = {{Rapid, simplified whole blood-based multiparameter assay to quantify and phenotype SARS-CoV-2 specific T cells}},\r\nurl = {https://erj.ersjournals.com/content/early/2021/05/28/13993003.00285-2021 https://erj.ersjournals.com/content/early/2021/05/28/13993003.00285-2021.abstract},\r\nvolume = {59},\r\nyear = {2022}\r\n}\r\n","author_short":["Riou, C.","Schäfer, G.","du Bruyn, E.","Goliath, R. 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