Event-related potentials to repetition and change of auditory stimuli. Ritter, W, Paavilainen, P, Lavikainen, J, Reinikainen, K, Alho, K, Sams, M, & Näätänen, R Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol, 83(5):306-21, 1992.
abstract   bibtex   
The major intent of this study was to compare the role of stimulus repetition and change in the elicitation of the MMN, an ERP component specific to stimulus change, and N2b, usually partially overlapping the MMN when stimuli are attended. Event-related potentials were recorded in one set of conditions where subjects ignored the stimuli and read a book, and in another set of conditions where subjects counted stimuli designated as targets. Stimuli were delivered in 4 ways, the common feature between all these conditions being the occurrence of infrequent events at a probability of 0.20: (1) an oddball paradigm with 1 deviant, (2) an oddball paradigm with 2 deviants, each with a probability of 0.10, (3) a regular alternation of tones of 2 pitches where either of the 2 tones infrequently repeated (P = 0.20), and (4) a random presentation of tones of 5 different pitches, where any of the 5 tones infrequently repeated (P = 0.20). In the count conditions, the infrequent events were designated as targets. It was found that the MMN was elicited by stimulus change and not stimulus repetition in the ignore and count conditions, whereas the N2b was elicited by both stimulus changes and repetitions in the count conditions. It was also possible, in the count conditions, to disentangle the part of the late positive complex which is related to stimulus deviation and the part which is related to stimulus significance (target).
@Article{Ritter1992,
  author   = {W Ritter and P Paavilainen and J Lavikainen and K Reinikainen and K Alho and M Sams and R N\"{a}\"{a}t\"{a}nen},
  journal  = {Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol},
  title    = {Event-related potentials to repetition and change of auditory stimuli.},
  year     = {1992},
  number   = {5},
  pages    = {306-21},
  volume   = {83},
  abstract = {The major intent of this study was to compare the role of stimulus
	repetition and change in the elicitation of the MMN, an ERP component
	specific to stimulus change, and N2b, usually partially overlapping
	the MMN when stimuli are attended. Event-related potentials were
	recorded in one set of conditions where subjects ignored the stimuli
	and read a book, and in another set of conditions where subjects
	counted stimuli designated as targets. Stimuli were delivered in
	4 ways, the common feature between all these conditions being the
	occurrence of infrequent events at a probability of 0.20: (1) an
	oddball paradigm with 1 deviant, (2) an oddball paradigm with 2 deviants,
	each with a probability of 0.10, (3) a regular alternation of tones
	of 2 pitches where either of the 2 tones infrequently repeated (P
	= 0.20), and (4) a random presentation of tones of 5 different pitches,
	where any of the 5 tones infrequently repeated (P = 0.20). In the
	count conditions, the infrequent events were designated as targets.
	It was found that the MMN was elicited by stimulus change and not
	stimulus repetition in the ignore and count conditions, whereas the
	N2b was elicited by both stimulus changes and repetitions in the
	count conditions. It was also possible, in the count conditions,
	to disentangle the part of the late positive complex which is related
	to stimulus deviation and the part which is related to stimulus significance
	(target).},
  keywords = {Acoustic Stimulation, Adult, Analysis of Variance, Electroencephalography, Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Human, Reaction Time, Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S., Task Performance and Analysis, 1385087},
}

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