Nonideal Ethics. Rivera‐López, E. In International Encyclopedia of Ethics, pages 1–10. American Cancer Society, 2017.
Nonideal Ethics [link]Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   
Our world is far from ideal: people kill, steal, and harm others; governments initiate unjust wars; material resources are sometimes scarce or unjustly distributed; and millions of people suffer extreme deprivation from social or natural causes. Any adequate moral theory should be sensitive to these unfortunate facts. Given these actual deficiencies, it seems obvious that the best, or most appropriate, actions, rules, and institutions in this nonideal world need to take these into account and would thereby differ from what they would be in an ideal world. This essay delineates some problems that ethics and political philosophy face when dealing with imperfect moral agents and institutions.
@incollection{riveralopez_nonideal_2017,
	title = {Nonideal {Ethics}},
	isbn = {978-1-4443-6707-2},
	url = {http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/9781444367072.wbiee638.pub2},
	abstract = {Our world is far from ideal: people kill, steal, and harm others; governments initiate unjust wars; material resources are sometimes scarce or unjustly distributed; and millions of people suffer extreme deprivation from social or natural causes. Any adequate moral theory should be sensitive to these unfortunate facts. Given these actual deficiencies, it seems obvious that the best, or most appropriate, actions, rules, and institutions in this nonideal world need to take these into account and would thereby differ from what they would be in an ideal world. This essay delineates some problems that ethics and political philosophy face when dealing with imperfect moral agents and institutions.},
	language = {en},
	urldate = {2018-06-24},
	booktitle = {International {Encyclopedia} of {Ethics}},
	publisher = {American Cancer Society},
	author = {Rivera‐López, Eduardo},
	year = {2017},
	doi = {10.1002/9781444367072.wbiee638.pub2},
	keywords = {comparative justice, deontologism, full compliance, moral authority, nonideal justice, nonideal theory, partial compliance, rule-consequentialism, transitional justice, tu quoque},
	pages = {1--10},
}

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