Anycast Polarization in The Wild

Anycast Polarization in The Wild. Rizvi, A., Huang, T., Esrefoglu, R., & Heidemann, J. In Proceedings of the Passive and Active Measurement Conference, Virtual Location, March, 2024. Springer.

Paper abstract bibtex

IP anycast is a commonly used method to associate users with services provided across multiple sites, and if properly used, it can provide efficient access with low latency. However, prior work has shown that \emphpolarization can occur in global anycast services, where some users of that service are routed to an anycast site on another continent, adding 100\,ms or more latency compared to a nearby site. This paper describes the causes of polarization in real-world anycast and shows how to observe polarization in third-party anycast services. We use these methods to look for polarization and its causes in 7986 known anycast prefixes. We find that polarization occurs in more than a quarter of anycast prefixes, and identify incomplete connectivity to Tier-1 transit providers and route leakage by regional ISPs as common problems. Finally, working with a commercial CDN, we show how small routing changes can often address polarization, improving latency for 40% of clients, by up to 54%.

@InProceedings{Rizvi24a,
	author = 	"ASM Rizvi and Tingshan Huang and Rasit	Esrefoglu and John Heidemann",
	title = 	"Anycast Polarization in The Wild",
        booktitle =     "Proceedings of the " # " Passive and Active Measurement Conference",
        year =          2024,
	sortdate = 		"2024-03-11", 
	project = "ant, pimawat, classnet, diiner, sabres",
        month =      mar,
        address =    "Virtual Location",
        publisher =  "Springer",
        jlocation =   "johnh: pafile",
        keywords =   "anycast, polarization, bgp",
	url =		"https://ant.isi.edu/%7ejohnh/PAPERS/Rizvi24a.html",
	pdfurl =	"https://ant.isi.edu/%7ejohnh/PAPERS/Rizvi24a.pdf",
	blogurl =	"https://ant.isi.edu/blog/?p=2048",
	dataseturl = "https://ant.isi.edu/datasets/outage/index.html",
	myorganization =	"USC/Information Sciences Institute",
	copyrightholder = "Springer",
        abstract = "IP anycast is a commonly used method to associate users with services
provided across multiple sites, and if properly used, it can provide
efficient access with low latency.  However, prior work has shown that
\emph{polarization} can occur in global anycast services, where some
users of that service are routed to an anycast site on another
continent, adding 100\,ms or more latency compared to a nearby site.
This paper describes the causes of polarization in real-world anycast
and shows how to observe polarization in third-party anycast services.
We use these methods to look for polarization and its causes in 7986
known anycast prefixes.  We find that polarization occurs in more than
a quarter of anycast prefixes, and identify incomplete connectivity to
Tier-1 transit providers and route leakage by regional ISPs as common
problems.  Finally, working with a commercial CDN, we show how small
routing changes can often address polarization, improving latency for
40\% of clients, by up to 54\%.",
}

Downloads: 0

{"_id":"qEtXmonFvjY3cvEpt","bibbaseid":"rizvi-huang-esrefoglu-heidemann-anycastpolarizationinthewild-2024","author_short":["Rizvi, A.","Huang, T.","Esrefoglu, R.","Heidemann, J."],"bibdata":{"bibtype":"inproceedings","type":"inproceedings","author":[{"firstnames":["ASM"],"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Rizvi"],"suffixes":[]},{"firstnames":["Tingshan"],"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Huang"],"suffixes":[]},{"firstnames":["Rasit"],"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Esrefoglu"],"suffixes":[]},{"firstnames":["John"],"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Heidemann"],"suffixes":[]}],"title":"Anycast Polarization in The Wild","booktitle":"Proceedings of the Passive and Active Measurement Conference","year":"2024","sortdate":"2024-03-11","project":"ant, pimawat, classnet, diiner, sabres","month":"March","address":"Virtual Location","publisher":"Springer","jlocation":"johnh: pafile","keywords":"anycast, polarization, bgp","url":"https://ant.isi.edu/%7ejohnh/PAPERS/Rizvi24a.html","pdfurl":"https://ant.isi.edu/%7ejohnh/PAPERS/Rizvi24a.pdf","blogurl":"https://ant.isi.edu/blog/?p=2048","dataseturl":"https://ant.isi.edu/datasets/outage/index.html","myorganization":"USC/Information Sciences Institute","copyrightholder":"Springer","abstract":"IP anycast is a commonly used method to associate users with services provided across multiple sites, and if properly used, it can provide efficient access with low latency. However, prior work has shown that \\emphpolarization can occur in global anycast services, where some users of that service are routed to an anycast site on another continent, adding 100\\,ms or more latency compared to a nearby site. This paper describes the causes of polarization in real-world anycast and shows how to observe polarization in third-party anycast services. We use these methods to look for polarization and its causes in 7986 known anycast prefixes. We find that polarization occurs in more than a quarter of anycast prefixes, and identify incomplete connectivity to Tier-1 transit providers and route leakage by regional ISPs as common problems. Finally, working with a commercial CDN, we show how small routing changes can often address polarization, improving latency for 40% of clients, by up to 54%.","bibtex":"@InProceedings{Rizvi24a,\n\tauthor = \t\"ASM Rizvi and Tingshan Huang and Rasit\tEsrefoglu and John Heidemann\",\n\ttitle = \t\"Anycast Polarization in The Wild\",\n booktitle = \"Proceedings of the \" # \" Passive and Active Measurement Conference\",\n year = 2024,\n\tsortdate = \t\t\"2024-03-11\", \n\tproject = \"ant, pimawat, classnet, diiner, sabres\",\n month = mar,\n address = \"Virtual Location\",\n publisher = \"Springer\",\n jlocation = \"johnh: pafile\",\n keywords = \"anycast, polarization, bgp\",\n\turl =\t\t\"https://ant.isi.edu/%7ejohnh/PAPERS/Rizvi24a.html\",\n\tpdfurl =\t\"https://ant.isi.edu/%7ejohnh/PAPERS/Rizvi24a.pdf\",\n\tblogurl =\t\"https://ant.isi.edu/blog/?p=2048\",\n\tdataseturl = \"https://ant.isi.edu/datasets/outage/index.html\",\n\tmyorganization =\t\"USC/Information Sciences Institute\",\n\tcopyrightholder = \"Springer\",\n abstract = \"IP anycast is a commonly used method to associate users with services\nprovided across multiple sites, and if properly used, it can provide\nefficient access with low latency. However, prior work has shown that\n\\emph{polarization} can occur in global anycast services, where some\nusers of that service are routed to an anycast site on another\ncontinent, adding 100\\,ms or more latency compared to a nearby site.\nThis paper describes the causes of polarization in real-world anycast\nand shows how to observe polarization in third-party anycast services.\nWe use these methods to look for polarization and its causes in 7986\nknown anycast prefixes. We find that polarization occurs in more than\na quarter of anycast prefixes, and identify incomplete connectivity to\nTier-1 transit providers and route leakage by regional ISPs as common\nproblems. Finally, working with a commercial CDN, we show how small\nrouting changes can often address polarization, improving latency for\n40\\% of clients, by up to 54\\%.\",\n}\n\n","author_short":["Rizvi, A.","Huang, T.","Esrefoglu, R.","Heidemann, J."],"bibbaseid":"rizvi-huang-esrefoglu-heidemann-anycastpolarizationinthewild-2024","role":"author","urls":{"Paper":"https://ant.isi.edu/%7ejohnh/PAPERS/Rizvi24a.html"},"keyword":["anycast","polarization","bgp"],"metadata":{"authorlinks":{}}},"bibtype":"inproceedings","biburl":"https://bibbase.org/f/dHevizJoWEhWowz8q/johnh-2023-2.bib","dataSources":["7nuQvtHTqKrLmgu99"],"keywords":["anycast","polarization","bgp"],"search_terms":["anycast","polarization","wild","rizvi","huang","esrefoglu","heidemann"],"title":"Anycast Polarization in The Wild","year":2024,"downloads":11}