Low frequency of acquired isoniazid and rifampicin resistance in rifampicin-susceptible pulmonary tuberculosis in a setting of high HIV-1 infection and tuberculosis coprevalence. Rockwood, N., Sirgel, F., Streicher, E., Warren, R., Meintjes, G. A, & Wilkinson, R. J The Journal of Infectious Diseases, 216(6):632–640, Oxford University Press, sep, 2017. ![Low frequency of acquired isoniazid and rifampicin resistance in rifampicin-susceptible pulmonary tuberculosis in a setting of high HIV-1 infection and tuberculosis coprevalence [link]](https://bibbase.org/img/filetypes/link.svg "link")
Paper doi abstract bibtex Background We estimated the incidence of acquired isoniazid and rifampicin resistance in rifampicin-susceptible tuberculosis in a setting of high human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection and tuberculosis coprevalence. Methods GeneXpert MTB/RIF–confirmed patients with rifampicin-susceptible tuberculosis were recruited at antituberculosis treatment initiation in Khayelitsha, South Africa. Liquid culture and adherence assessment were performed at 2 and 5–6 months. MTBDRplus was performed on mycobacteria-positive cultures to ascertain acquired drug resistance (ADR). Spoligotyping and whole-genome sequencing were performed to ascertain homogeneity between baseline isolates and isolates with ADR. Baseline isolates were retrospectively tested for isoniazid monoresistance. An electronic database review was performed to ascertain tuberculosis recurrences. Results A total of 306 participants (62% with HIV-1 coinfection, of whom 71% received antiretroviral therapy) were recruited. Ascertainment of outcomes was complete for 284 participants. Five acquired a resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain during or subsequent to treatment. One strain was confirmed to have ADR, 2 were confirmed as causing exogenous reinfection, and 2 were unrecoverable for genotyping. Incident ADR was estimated to have ranged from 0.3% (95% confidence interval [CI], .1%–1.9%; 1 of 284 participants) to 1% (95% CI, .2%–3%; 3 of 284 participants). Seventeen of 279 baseline isolates (6.1%; 95% CI, 3.6%–9.6%) had isoniazid monoresistance (13 of 17 had an inhA promoter mutation), but 0 of 17 had amplified resistance. Conclusions Treatment with standardized antituberculosis regimens dosed daily throughout, high uptake of antiretroviral therapy, and low prevalence of isoniazid monoresistance were associated with a low frequency of ADR.
@article{Rockwood2017,
abstract = {Background We estimated the incidence of acquired isoniazid and rifampicin resistance in rifampicin-susceptible tuberculosis in a setting of high human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection and tuberculosis coprevalence. Methods GeneXpert MTB/RIF–confirmed patients with rifampicin-susceptible tuberculosis were recruited at antituberculosis treatment initiation in Khayelitsha, South Africa. Liquid culture and adherence assessment were performed at 2 and 5–6 months. MTBDRplus was performed on mycobacteria-positive cultures to ascertain acquired drug resistance (ADR). Spoligotyping and whole-genome sequencing were performed to ascertain homogeneity between baseline isolates and isolates with ADR. Baseline isolates were retrospectively tested for isoniazid monoresistance. An electronic database review was performed to ascertain tuberculosis recurrences. Results A total of 306 participants (62{\%} with HIV-1 coinfection, of whom 71{\%} received antiretroviral therapy) were recruited. Ascertainment of outcomes was complete for 284 participants. Five acquired a resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain during or subsequent to treatment. One strain was confirmed to have ADR, 2 were confirmed as causing exogenous reinfection, and 2 were unrecoverable for genotyping. Incident ADR was estimated to have ranged from 0.3{\%} (95{\%} confidence interval [CI], .1{\%}–1.9{\%}; 1 of 284 participants) to 1{\%} (95{\%} CI, .2{\%}–3{\%}; 3 of 284 participants). Seventeen of 279 baseline isolates (6.1{\%}; 95{\%} CI, 3.6{\%}–9.6{\%}) had isoniazid monoresistance (13 of 17 had an inhA promoter mutation), but 0 of 17 had amplified resistance. Conclusions Treatment with standardized antituberculosis regimens dosed daily throughout, high uptake of antiretroviral therapy, and low prevalence of isoniazid monoresistance were associated with a low frequency of ADR.},
author = {Rockwood, Neesha and Sirgel, Frederick and Streicher, Elizabeth and Warren, Robin and Meintjes, Graeme A and Wilkinson, Robert J},
doi = {10.1093/infdis/jix337},
file = {:C$\backslash$:/Users/01462563/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Rockwood et al. - 2017 - Low frequency of acquired isoniazid and rifampicin resistance in rifampicin-susceptible pulmonary tuberculosis.pdf:pdf},
journal = {The Journal of Infectious Diseases},
keywords = {Acquired/amplified drug resistance,HIV-1 coinfection,Mycobacterium tuberculosis,OA,fund{\_}ack,isoniazid monoresistance,minimum inhibitory concentrations,original,tuberculosis treatment out- comes},
mendeley-tags = {OA,fund{\_}ack,original},
month = {sep},
number = {6},
pages = {632--640},
pmid = {28934422},
publisher = {Oxford University Press},
title = {{Low frequency of acquired isoniazid and rifampicin resistance in rifampicin-susceptible pulmonary tuberculosis in a setting of high HIV-1 infection and tuberculosis coprevalence}},
url = {https://academic.oup.com/jid/article/216/6/632/3980289},
volume = {216},
year = {2017}
}
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MTBDRplus was performed on mycobacteria-positive cultures to ascertain acquired drug resistance (ADR). Spoligotyping and whole-genome sequencing were performed to ascertain homogeneity between baseline isolates and isolates with ADR. Baseline isolates were retrospectively tested for isoniazid monoresistance. An electronic database review was performed to ascertain tuberculosis recurrences. Results A total of 306 participants (62% with HIV-1 coinfection, of whom 71% received antiretroviral therapy) were recruited. Ascertainment of outcomes was complete for 284 participants. Five acquired a resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain during or subsequent to treatment. One strain was confirmed to have ADR, 2 were confirmed as causing exogenous reinfection, and 2 were unrecoverable for genotyping. Incident ADR was estimated to have ranged from 0.3% (95% confidence interval [CI], .1%–1.9%; 1 of 284 participants) to 1% (95% CI, .2%–3%; 3 of 284 participants). Seventeen of 279 baseline isolates (6.1%; 95% CI, 3.6%–9.6%) had isoniazid monoresistance (13 of 17 had an inhA promoter mutation), but 0 of 17 had amplified resistance. Conclusions Treatment with standardized antituberculosis regimens dosed daily throughout, high uptake of antiretroviral therapy, and low prevalence of isoniazid monoresistance were associated with a low frequency of ADR.","author":[{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Rockwood"],"firstnames":["Neesha"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Sirgel"],"firstnames":["Frederick"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Streicher"],"firstnames":["Elizabeth"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Warren"],"firstnames":["Robin"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Meintjes"],"firstnames":["Graeme","A"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Wilkinson"],"firstnames":["Robert","J"],"suffixes":[]}],"doi":"10.1093/infdis/jix337","file":":C$\\$:/Users/01462563/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Rockwood et al. - 2017 - Low frequency of acquired isoniazid and rifampicin resistance in rifampicin-susceptible pulmonary tuberculosis.pdf:pdf","journal":"The Journal of Infectious Diseases","keywords":"Acquired/amplified drug resistance,HIV-1 coinfection,Mycobacterium tuberculosis,OA,fund_ack,isoniazid monoresistance,minimum inhibitory concentrations,original,tuberculosis treatment out- comes","mendeley-tags":"OA,fund_ack,original","month":"sep","number":"6","pages":"632–640","pmid":"28934422","publisher":"Oxford University Press","title":"Low frequency of acquired isoniazid and rifampicin resistance in rifampicin-susceptible pulmonary tuberculosis in a setting of high HIV-1 infection and tuberculosis coprevalence","url":"https://academic.oup.com/jid/article/216/6/632/3980289","volume":"216","year":"2017","bibtex":"@article{Rockwood2017,\r\nabstract = {Background We estimated the incidence of acquired isoniazid and rifampicin resistance in rifampicin-susceptible tuberculosis in a setting of high human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection and tuberculosis coprevalence. Methods GeneXpert MTB/RIF–confirmed patients with rifampicin-susceptible tuberculosis were recruited at antituberculosis treatment initiation in Khayelitsha, South Africa. Liquid culture and adherence assessment were performed at 2 and 5–6 months. MTBDRplus was performed on mycobacteria-positive cultures to ascertain acquired drug resistance (ADR). Spoligotyping and whole-genome sequencing were performed to ascertain homogeneity between baseline isolates and isolates with ADR. Baseline isolates were retrospectively tested for isoniazid monoresistance. An electronic database review was performed to ascertain tuberculosis recurrences. Results A total of 306 participants (62{\\%} with HIV-1 coinfection, of whom 71{\\%} received antiretroviral therapy) were recruited. Ascertainment of outcomes was complete for 284 participants. Five acquired a resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain during or subsequent to treatment. One strain was confirmed to have ADR, 2 were confirmed as causing exogenous reinfection, and 2 were unrecoverable for genotyping. Incident ADR was estimated to have ranged from 0.3{\\%} (95{\\%} confidence interval [CI], .1{\\%}–1.9{\\%}; 1 of 284 participants) to 1{\\%} (95{\\%} CI, .2{\\%}–3{\\%}; 3 of 284 participants). Seventeen of 279 baseline isolates (6.1{\\%}; 95{\\%} CI, 3.6{\\%}–9.6{\\%}) had isoniazid monoresistance (13 of 17 had an inhA promoter mutation), but 0 of 17 had amplified resistance. 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