@article{rousseau2003,
	Abstract = {[1] Earthquake ruptures are modeled as dynamically
propagating shear cracks with
the aim of gaining insight into the physical mechanisms governing their
arrest or, otherwise, the
often-observed variations in rupture speeds. Fault bends have been
proposed as being the main cause
for these variations. Following this line of reasoning, the existence of
deviations from fault
planarity is chosen as the main focus of this study. Asymmetric impact
is used to generate shear
loading and to propagate dynamic mode-II cracks along the bonded
interfaces of two otherwise
identical homogeneous constituents. Secondary paths inclined at various
angles are also introduced
to represent fault bends or kinks. The experiments show that certain
fault bend inclinations are
favored as alternate paths for rupture continuation, whereas others
suppress further motion of the
incoming rupture. The asymptotic elastodynamic stress fields at the tip
of the growing rupture are
used to develop two criteria (one energetic and one stress based) for
rupture propagation or arrest
at the kinked interfaces. These criteria correlate very well with the
experimental results. Since
most field evidence suggests that the average rupture speeds during
crustal earthquakes are
sub-Rayleigh, this work first focuses on incoming rupture speeds that
are just below the Rayleigh
wave speed. Reports of intersonic crustal fault rupture speeds having
surfaced recently, experiments
and analyses are also performed within that speed regime.},
	Author = {Rousseau, C. E. and Rosakis, A. J.},
	Date-Modified = {2010-07-12 11:54:56 -0700},
	Doi = {10.1029/2002JB002310},
	Journal = {J. Geophys. Res.},
	Month = {Sep},
	Number = {B9},
	Title = {On the influence of fault bends on the growth of sub-Rayleigh and intersonic dynamic shear ruptures},
	Volume = {108},
	Year = {2003},
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Asymmetric impact is used to generate shear loading and to propagate dynamic mode-II cracks along the bonded interfaces of two otherwise identical homogeneous constituents. Secondary paths inclined at various angles are also introduced to represent fault bends or kinks. The experiments show that certain fault bend inclinations are favored as alternate paths for rupture continuation, whereas others suppress further motion of the incoming rupture. The asymptotic elastodynamic stress fields at the tip of the growing rupture are used to develop two criteria (one energetic and one stress based) for rupture propagation or arrest at the kinked interfaces. These criteria correlate very well with the experimental results. Since most field evidence suggests that the average rupture speeds during crustal earthquakes are sub-Rayleigh, this work first focuses on incoming rupture speeds that are just below the Rayleigh wave speed. Reports of intersonic crustal fault rupture speeds having surfaced recently, experiments and analyses are also performed within that speed regime.","author":[{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Rousseau"],"firstnames":["C.","E."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Rosakis"],"firstnames":["A.","J."],"suffixes":[]}],"date-modified":"2010-07-12 11:54:56 -0700","doi":"10.1029/2002JB002310","journal":"J. Geophys. Res.","month":"Sep","number":"B9","title":"On the influence of fault bends on the growth of sub-Rayleigh and intersonic dynamic shear ruptures","volume":"108","year":"2003","bdsk-file-1":"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","bibtex":"@article{rousseau2003,\n\tAbstract = {[1] Earthquake ruptures are modeled as dynamically\npropagating shear cracks with\nthe aim of gaining insight into the physical mechanisms governing their\narrest or, otherwise, the\noften-observed variations in rupture speeds. Fault bends have been\nproposed as being the main cause\nfor these variations. Following this line of reasoning, the existence of\ndeviations from fault\nplanarity is chosen as the main focus of this study. Asymmetric impact\nis used to generate shear\nloading and to propagate dynamic mode-II cracks along the bonded\ninterfaces of two otherwise\nidentical homogeneous constituents. Secondary paths inclined at various\nangles are also introduced\nto represent fault bends or kinks. The experiments show that certain\nfault bend inclinations are\nfavored as alternate paths for rupture continuation, whereas others\nsuppress further motion of the\nincoming rupture. The asymptotic elastodynamic stress fields at the tip\nof the growing rupture are\nused to develop two criteria (one energetic and one stress based) for\nrupture propagation or arrest\nat the kinked interfaces. These criteria correlate very well with the\nexperimental results. Since\nmost field evidence suggests that the average rupture speeds during\ncrustal earthquakes are\nsub-Rayleigh, this work first focuses on incoming rupture speeds that\nare just below the Rayleigh\nwave speed. Reports of intersonic crustal fault rupture speeds having\nsurfaced recently, experiments\nand analyses are also performed within that speed regime.},\n\tAuthor = {Rousseau, C. E. and Rosakis, A. J.},\n\tDate-Modified = {2010-07-12 11:54:56 -0700},\n\tDoi = {10.1029/2002JB002310},\n\tJournal = {J. Geophys. Res.},\n\tMonth = {Sep},\n\tNumber = {B9},\n\tTitle = {On the influence of fault bends on the growth of sub-Rayleigh and intersonic dynamic shear ruptures},\n\tVolume = {108},\n\tYear = {2003},\n\tBdsk-File-1 = {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}}\n\n","author_short":["Rousseau, C. 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