A 71% efficient energy harvesting and power management unit for sub- #x03BC;W power biomedical applications. Roy, A. & Calhoun, B. H. In 2017 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS), pages 1–4, October, 2017.
doi  abstract   bibtex   
This paper presents an Energy Harvesting and Power Management Unit (EH-PMU) to power battery-less sub-μW systems-on-chip (SoCs) and wireless sensors for emerging Internet-of-Things (IoT) applications. The EH-PMU can harvest energy from either photovoltaic or thermoelectric sources and provides regulated outputs of 0.5V, 1V, and 1.8V. To reduce the power conversion overhead in \textless 1μW-power systems and thus to extend the system lifetime, the EH-PMU employs a hybrid architecture consisting of nW-quiescent power switched-capacitor DC-DC converters and low-dropout (LDO) regulators. The platform uses a 1.3nW gate-leakage based voltage reference generator, operational from 0.5V, along with Pulse Frequency Modulation (PFM) control to further lower the quiescent power of the switching regulators. The EH-PMU achieves a peak end-to-end efficiency of 71.1% while powering a 1 μW load in a 0.13μm chip.
@inproceedings{roy_71_2017,
	title = {A 71\% efficient energy harvesting and power management unit for sub- \#x03BC;{W} power biomedical applications},
	doi = {10.1109/BIOCAS.2017.8325069},
	abstract = {This paper presents an Energy Harvesting and Power Management Unit (EH-PMU) to power battery-less sub-μW systems-on-chip (SoCs) and wireless sensors for emerging Internet-of-Things (IoT) applications. The EH-PMU can harvest energy from either photovoltaic or thermoelectric sources and provides regulated outputs of 0.5V, 1V, and 1.8V. To reduce the power conversion overhead in {\textless} 1μW-power systems and thus to extend the system lifetime, the EH-PMU employs a hybrid architecture consisting of nW-quiescent power switched-capacitor DC-DC converters and low-dropout (LDO) regulators. The platform uses a 1.3nW gate-leakage based voltage reference generator, operational from 0.5V, along with Pulse Frequency Modulation (PFM) control to further lower the quiescent power of the switching regulators. The EH-PMU achieves a peak end-to-end efficiency of 71.1\% while powering a 1 μW load in a 0.13μm chip.},
	booktitle = {2017 {IEEE} {Biomedical} {Circuits} and {Systems} {Conference} ({BioCAS})},
	author = {Roy, A. and Calhoun, B. H.},
	month = oct,
	year = {2017},
	pages = {1--4}
}

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