Observation of nonlinear shear wave propagation using magnetic resonance elastography. Sack, d, I., Mcgowan, C‥, Samani, A., Luginbuhl, C., Oakden, W., & Plewes, D‥ Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, 52(4):842-850, 2004. cited By (since 1996)16
Observation of nonlinear shear wave propagation using magnetic resonance elastography [link]Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   
MR elastography (MRE) is an MRI modality that is increasingly being used to image tissue elasticity throughout the body. One MRE technique that has received a great deal of attention is based on visualising shear waves, which reveal stiffness by virtue of their local wavelength. However, the shape of propagating shear waves can also provide valuable information about the nonlinear stress-strain behavior of tissue. Here an experiment is proposed that allows the observation of nonlinear wave propagation based on spatial-temporal phase contrast images. A theoretical description of the wave propagation was developed that reflects typical MRE excitation, which involves excitation modes both parallel and perpendicular to B 0. Based on this model, it is shown that both odd and even higher harmonics are produced with their amplitudes dependent on the details of the actuator, imaging geometry, and the nonlinear tissue properties. With appropriate motion encoding, harmonic vibrations arising from nonlinear tissue response can be detected. The effect is demonstrated on an agarose gel phantom using a sinusoidal shear vibration of 150 Hz, and clearly shows the presence of harmonics at 600 and 750 Hz. Using an estimate of the strain energy of the phantom, we were able to determine the nonlinear tissue properties. © 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
@article{ Sack2004842,
  author = {Sack, I.a  d  and Mcgowan, C.K.b  and Samani, A.c  and Luginbuhl, C.c  and Oakden, W.b  and Plewes, D.B.c },
  title = {Observation of nonlinear shear wave propagation using magnetic resonance elastography},
  journal = {Magnetic Resonance in Medicine},
  year = {2004},
  volume = {52},
  number = {4},
  pages = {842-850},
  note = {cited By (since 1996)16},
  url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-4744348436&partnerID=40&md5=ff658e7949f7fb78e86417b875b7178d},
  affiliation = {Institute of Radiology, Char.-University Medicine Berlin, Humboldt University Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Department of Medical Imaging, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Canada; Imaging Research, Sunnybrook Women's Coll. Hlth. S., University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Canada; Institute of Radiology, Char.-University Medicine Berlin, Humboldt, University Berlin, Schumannstr. 20/21, 10117 Berlin, Germany},
  abstract = {MR elastography (MRE) is an MRI modality that is increasingly being used to image tissue elasticity throughout the body. One MRE technique that has received a great deal of attention is based on visualising shear waves, which reveal stiffness by virtue of their local wavelength. However, the shape of propagating shear waves can also provide valuable information about the nonlinear stress-strain behavior of tissue. Here an experiment is proposed that allows the observation of nonlinear wave propagation based on spatial-temporal phase contrast images. A theoretical description of the wave propagation was developed that reflects typical MRE excitation, which involves excitation modes both parallel and perpendicular to B 0. Based on this model, it is shown that both odd and even higher harmonics are produced with their amplitudes dependent on the details of the actuator, imaging geometry, and the nonlinear tissue properties. With appropriate motion encoding, harmonic vibrations arising from nonlinear tissue response can be detected. The effect is demonstrated on an agarose gel phantom using a sinusoidal shear vibration of 150 Hz, and clearly shows the presence of harmonics at 600 and 750 Hz. Using an estimate of the strain energy of the phantom, we were able to determine the nonlinear tissue properties. © 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc.},
  author_keywords = {Anharmonic vibrations;  MR elastography;  Nonlinear harmonics;  Nonlinear wave propagation;  Shear waves},
  keywords = {article;  contrast enhancement;  elastography;  energy;  geometry;  image display;  nonlinear system;  nuclear magnetic resonance;  observation;  shear stress;  spectroscopy;  theoretical study;  vibration;  waveform, Elasticity;  Gels;  Magnetic Resonance Imaging;  Phantoms, Imaging;  Sepharose;  Shear Strength;  Vibration},
  chemicals_cas = {Gels; Sepharose, 9012-36-6},
  references = {Dresner, M.A., Rossman, P.J., Kruse, S.A., Ehman, R.L., MR elastography of the prostate (1999) Proceedings of the 10th Annual Meeting of ISMRM, p. 526. , Philadelphia; Sinkus, R., Nisius, T., Lorenzen, J., Kemper, J., Dargatz, M., In-vivo prostate MR-elastography (2003) Proceedings of the 11th Annual Meeting of ISMRM, p. 586. , Toronto, Canada; Felmlee, J.P., Rossman, P.J., Muthupillai, R., Manduca, A., Dutt, V., Ehman, R.L., Magnetic resonance elastography of the brain (1997) Proceedings of the 5th Annual Meeting of ISMRM, p. 683. , Vancouver, Canada; Kruse, S.A., Dresner, M.A., Rossman, P.J., Felmlee, J.P., Jack, C.R., Ehman, R.L., Palpation of the brain using magnetic resonance elastography (1999) Proceedings of the 7th Annual Meeting of ISMRM, p. 258. , Philadelphia; Rydberg, J., Grimm, R., Kruse, S.A., Felmlee, J.P., McCracken, P., Ehman, R.L., Fast spin-echo magnetic resonance elastography of the brain (2001) Proceedings of the 9th Annual Meeting of ISMRM, p. 1647. , Glasgow, Scotland; 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  correspondence_address1 = {Sack, I.; Institute of Radiology, Char.-University Medicine Berlin, Humboldt, University Berlin, Schumannstr. 20/21, 10117 Berlin, Germany; email: ingolf.sack@charite.de},
  issn = {07403194},
  coden = {MRMEE},
  doi = {10.1002/mrm.20238},
  pubmed_id = {15389935},
  language = {English},
  abbrev_source_title = {Magn. Reson. Med.},
  document_type = {Article},
  source = {Scopus}
}

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