Differences in Monitoring the DNS Root Over IPv4 and IPv6. Saluja, T., Heidemann, J., & Pradkin, Y. In Proceedings of the National Symposium for NSF REU Research in Data Science, Systems, and Security , pages 194–203, Portland, OR, USA, December, 2022. IEEE. ![Differences in Monitoring the DNS Root Over IPv4 and IPv6 [link]](https://bibbase.org/img/filetypes/link.svg "link")
Paper doi abstract bibtex The Domain Name System (DNS) is an essential service for the Internet which maps host names to IP addresses. The DNS Root Sever System operates the top of this namespace. RIPE Atlas observes DNS from more than 11k vantage points (VPs) around the world, reporting the reliability of the DNS Root Server System in DNSmon. DNSmon shows that loss rates for queries to the DNS Root are nearly 10% for IPv6, much higher than the approximately 2% loss seen for IPv4. Although IPv6 is ``new,'' as an operational protocol available to a third of Internet users, it ought to be just as reliable as IPv4. We examine this difference at a finer granularity by investigating loss at individual VPs. We confirm that specific VPs are the source of this difference and identify two root causes: VP \emphislands with routing problems at the edge which leave them unable to access IPv6 outside their LAN, and VP \emphpeninsulas which indicate routing problems in the core of the network. These problems account for most of the loss and nearly all of the difference between IPv4 and IPv6 query loss rates. Islands account for most of the loss (half of IPv4 failures and 5/6ths of IPv6 failures), and we suggest these measurement devices should be filtered out to get a more accurate picture of loss rates. Peninsulas account for the main differences between root identifiers, suggesting routing disagreements root operators need to address. We believe that filtering out both of these known problems provides a better measure of underlying network anomalies and loss and will result in more actionable alerts.
@InProceedings{Saluja22a,
author = "Tarang Saluja and Johnh Heidemann and Yuri Pradkin",
title = "Differences in Monitoring the {DNS} Root Over {IPv4} and {IPv6}",
booktitle = "Proceedings of the " # " National Symposium for NSF REU Research in Data Science, Systems, and Security ",
year = 2022,
sortdate = "2022-12-15",
project = "ant, eieio, reu, isireu",
jsubject = "topology_modeling",
pages = "194--203",
month = dec,
address = "Portland, OR, USA",
publisher = "IEEE",
jlocation = "johnh: pafile",
keywords = "root server system, dnsmon, ripe atlas, ipv4, ipv6",
doi = "https://doi.org/10.1109/BDCAT56447.2022.00036",
url = "https://ant.isi.edu/%7ejohnh/PAPERS/Saluja22a.html",
pdfurl = "https://ant.isi.edu/%7ejohnh/PAPERS/Saluja22a.pdf",
dataurl = "https://ant.isi.edu/ripe_atlas_islands/",
blogurl = "https://ant.isi.edu/blog/?p=1937",
abstract = "The Domain Name System (DNS) is an essential service for the Internet
which maps host names to IP addresses. The DNS Root Sever System
operates the top of this namespace. RIPE Atlas observes DNS from more
than 11k vantage points (VPs) around the world, reporting the
reliability of the DNS Root Server System in DNSmon. DNSmon shows
that loss rates for queries to the DNS Root are nearly 10\% for IPv6,
much higher than the approximately 2\% loss seen for IPv4. Although
IPv6 is ``new,'' as an operational protocol available to a third of
Internet users, it ought to be just as reliable as IPv4. We examine
this difference at a finer granularity by investigating loss at
individual VPs. We confirm that specific VPs are the source of this
difference and identify two root causes: VP \emph{islands} with
routing problems at the edge which leave them unable to access IPv6
outside their LAN, and VP \emph{peninsulas} which indicate routing
problems in the core of the network. These problems account for most
of the loss and nearly all of the difference between IPv4 and IPv6
query loss rates. Islands account for most of the loss (half of IPv4
failures and 5/6ths of IPv6 failures), and we suggest these
measurement devices should be filtered out to get a more accurate
picture of loss rates. Peninsulas account for the main differences
between root identifiers, suggesting routing disagreements root
operators need to address. We believe that filtering out both of
these known problems provides a better measure of underlying network
anomalies and loss and will result in more actionable alerts.",
}
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The DNS Root Sever System operates the top of this namespace. RIPE Atlas observes DNS from more than 11k vantage points (VPs) around the world, reporting the reliability of the DNS Root Server System in DNSmon. DNSmon shows that loss rates for queries to the DNS Root are nearly 10% for IPv6, much higher than the approximately 2% loss seen for IPv4. Although IPv6 is ``new,'' as an operational protocol available to a third of Internet users, it ought to be just as reliable as IPv4. We examine this difference at a finer granularity by investigating loss at individual VPs. We confirm that specific VPs are the source of this difference and identify two root causes: VP \\emphislands with routing problems at the edge which leave them unable to access IPv6 outside their LAN, and VP \\emphpeninsulas which indicate routing problems in the core of the network. These problems account for most of the loss and nearly all of the difference between IPv4 and IPv6 query loss rates. Islands account for most of the loss (half of IPv4 failures and 5/6ths of IPv6 failures), and we suggest these measurement devices should be filtered out to get a more accurate picture of loss rates. Peninsulas account for the main differences between root identifiers, suggesting routing disagreements root operators need to address. We believe that filtering out both of these known problems provides a better measure of underlying network anomalies and loss and will result in more actionable alerts.","bibtex":"@InProceedings{Saluja22a,\n author = \"Tarang Saluja and Johnh Heidemann and Yuri Pradkin\",\n title = \"Differences in Monitoring the {DNS} Root Over {IPv4} and {IPv6}\",\n booktitle = \"Proceedings of the \" # \" National Symposium for NSF REU Research in Data Science, Systems, and Security \",\n year = 2022,\n\tsortdate = \t\"2022-12-15\", \n\tproject = \"ant, eieio, reu, isireu\",\n\tjsubject = \"topology_modeling\",\n pages = \"194--203\",\n month = dec,\n address = \"Portland, OR, USA\",\n publisher = \"IEEE\",\n jlocation = \"johnh: pafile\",\n keywords = \"root server system, dnsmon, ripe atlas, ipv4, ipv6\",\n\tdoi = \"https://doi.org/10.1109/BDCAT56447.2022.00036\",\n\turl =\t\t\"https://ant.isi.edu/%7ejohnh/PAPERS/Saluja22a.html\",\n\tpdfurl =\t\"https://ant.isi.edu/%7ejohnh/PAPERS/Saluja22a.pdf\",\n\tdataurl = \"https://ant.isi.edu/ripe_atlas_islands/\",\n\tblogurl = \"https://ant.isi.edu/blog/?p=1937\",\n\tabstract = \"The Domain Name System (DNS) is an essential service for the Internet\nwhich maps host names to IP addresses. The DNS Root Sever System\noperates the top of this namespace. RIPE Atlas observes DNS from more\nthan 11k vantage points (VPs) around the world, reporting the\nreliability of the DNS Root Server System in DNSmon. DNSmon shows\nthat loss rates for queries to the DNS Root are nearly 10\\% for IPv6,\nmuch higher than the approximately 2\\% loss seen for IPv4. Although\nIPv6 is ``new,'' as an operational protocol available to a third of\nInternet users, it ought to be just as reliable as IPv4. We examine\nthis difference at a finer granularity by investigating loss at\nindividual VPs. We confirm that specific VPs are the source of this\ndifference and identify two root causes: VP \\emph{islands} with\nrouting problems at the edge which leave them unable to access IPv6\noutside their LAN, and VP \\emph{peninsulas} which indicate routing\nproblems in the core of the network. These problems account for most\nof the loss and nearly all of the difference between IPv4 and IPv6\nquery loss rates. Islands account for most of the loss (half of IPv4\nfailures and 5/6ths of IPv6 failures), and we suggest these\nmeasurement devices should be filtered out to get a more accurate\npicture of loss rates. Peninsulas account for the main differences\nbetween root identifiers, suggesting routing disagreements root\noperators need to address. We believe that filtering out both of\nthese known problems provides a better measure of underlying network\nanomalies and loss and will result in more actionable alerts.\",\n}\n\n\n","author_short":["Saluja, T.","Heidemann, J.","Pradkin, Y."],"bibbaseid":"saluja-heidemann-pradkin-differencesinmonitoringthednsrootoveripv4andipv6-2022","role":"author","urls":{"Paper":"https://ant.isi.edu/%7ejohnh/PAPERS/Saluja22a.html"},"keyword":["root server system","dnsmon","ripe atlas","ipv4","ipv6"],"metadata":{"authorlinks":{}}},"bibtype":"inproceedings","biburl":"https://bibbase.org/f/dHevizJoWEhWowz8q/johnh-2023-2.bib","dataSources":["YLyu3mj3xsBeoqiHK","fLZcDgNSoSuatv6aX","fxEParwu2ZfurScPY","7nuQvtHTqKrLmgu99"],"keywords":["root server system","dnsmon","ripe atlas","ipv4","ipv6"],"search_terms":["differences","monitoring","dns","root","over","ipv4","ipv6","saluja","heidemann","pradkin"],"title":"Differences in Monitoring the DNS Root Over IPv4 and IPv6","year":2022}