@article{schelhaasWindStabilityDifferent2008,
  title = {The Wind Stability of Different Silvicultural Systems for {{Douglas}}-Fir in the {{Netherlands}}: A Model-Based Approach},
  author = {Schelhaas, M. J.},
  year = {2008},
  volume = {81},
  pages = {399--414},
  doi = {10.1093/forestry/cpn028},
  abstract = {The aim of this study was to evaluate different silvicultural systems for Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) in the Netherlands in terms of timber production and wind stability over a full rotation. This was done using the forest genetics, ecology, management and wind model (ForGEM-W), which combines a distant dependent tree growth simulator with a mechanical-empirical wind damage module. Six different silvicultural systems were evaluated: normal yield table management, free thinning from above in a monospecies and a mixed stand (50 per cent mixture of beech (Fagus sylvatica L.)), uneven-aged system, no thinning regime with low initial stand density of Douglas-fir with and without admixture of beech. Silvicultural systems leading to low height-diameter (h/d) ratios were most successful in avoiding damage. Low h/d ratios were obtained in the system with low stand density and no thinning and in the uneven-aged system by systematically removing trees with the highest ratios during thinning. In particular, the uneven-aged system combined a high timber production with low risk. The use of Douglas-fir-beech mixtures changed the competition pressure on Douglas-fir, and thus the h/d ratio and the wind risk. Results from this study indicate that the current trend towards more nature-oriented management could lead to lower wind risks and even to an increase in overall productivity.},
  journal = {Forestry},
  keywords = {*imported-from-citeulike-INRMM,~INRMM-MiD:c-13941779,forest-management,pseudotsuga-menziesii,silviculture,windstorm},
  lccn = {INRMM-MiD:c-13941779},
  number = {3}
}

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Franco) in the Netherlands in terms of timber production and wind stability over a full rotation. This was done using the forest genetics, ecology, management and wind model (ForGEM-W), which combines a distant dependent tree growth simulator with a mechanical-empirical wind damage module. Six different silvicultural systems were evaluated: normal yield table management, free thinning from above in a monospecies and a mixed stand (50 per cent mixture of beech (Fagus sylvatica L.)), uneven-aged system, no thinning regime with low initial stand density of Douglas-fir with and without admixture of beech. Silvicultural systems leading to low height-diameter (h/d) ratios were most successful in avoiding damage. Low h/d ratios were obtained in the system with low stand density and no thinning and in the uneven-aged system by systematically removing trees with the highest ratios during thinning. In particular, the uneven-aged system combined a high timber production with low risk. The use of Douglas-fir-beech mixtures changed the competition pressure on Douglas-fir, and thus the h/d ratio and the wind risk. Results from this study indicate that the current trend towards more nature-oriented management could lead to lower wind risks and even to an increase in overall productivity.","journal":"Forestry","keywords":"*imported-from-citeulike-INRMM,~INRMM-MiD:c-13941779,forest-management,pseudotsuga-menziesii,silviculture,windstorm","lccn":"INRMM-MiD:c-13941779","number":"3","bibtex":"@article{schelhaasWindStabilityDifferent2008,\n title = {The Wind Stability of Different Silvicultural Systems for {{Douglas}}-Fir in the {{Netherlands}}: A Model-Based Approach},\n author = {Schelhaas, M. J.},\n year = {2008},\n volume = {81},\n pages = {399--414},\n doi = {10.1093/forestry/cpn028},\n abstract = {The aim of this study was to evaluate different silvicultural systems for Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) in the Netherlands in terms of timber production and wind stability over a full rotation. This was done using the forest genetics, ecology, management and wind model (ForGEM-W), which combines a distant dependent tree growth simulator with a mechanical-empirical wind damage module. Six different silvicultural systems were evaluated: normal yield table management, free thinning from above in a monospecies and a mixed stand (50 per cent mixture of beech (Fagus sylvatica L.)), uneven-aged system, no thinning regime with low initial stand density of Douglas-fir with and without admixture of beech. Silvicultural systems leading to low height-diameter (h/d) ratios were most successful in avoiding damage. Low h/d ratios were obtained in the system with low stand density and no thinning and in the uneven-aged system by systematically removing trees with the highest ratios during thinning. In particular, the uneven-aged system combined a high timber production with low risk. 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