Spatial profile of dendritic calcium transients evoked by action potentials in rat neocortical pyramidal neurons. Schiller, J., Helmchen, F., & Sakmann, B. Journal of Physiology (London), 487(3):583-600, 1995. abstract bibtex 1. Simultaneous measurements of intracellular free calcium concentration ([Ca2+](i)) and intrasomatic and intradendritic membrane potential (V-m) were performed using fura-2 fluorimetry and whole-cell recording in neocortical layer V pyramidal neurones in rat brain slices. 2. Back-propagating action potentials (APs) evoked [Ca2+](i) transients in the entire neurone including the soma, the axon initial segment, the apical dendrite up to the distal tuft branches, and the oblique and basal dendrites, indicating that following suprathreshold activation the entire dendritic tree is depolarized sufficiently to open voltage-dependent calcium channels (VDCCs). 3. The [Ca2+](i) transient peak evoked by APs showed large differences between various compartments of the neurone. Following a single AP, up to 6-fold differences were measured, ranging from 43 +/- 14 nM in the soma to 287 +/- 109 nM in the basal dendrites. 4. Along the main apical dendrite, the [Ca2+](i) transients evoked by single APs or trains of APs had the largest amplitude and the fastest decay in the proximal region; the [Ca2+](i) transient peak and decay time constant following a single AP were 128 +/- 25 nM and 420 +/- 150 ms, respectively, and following a train of five APs (at 10-12 Hz), 710 +/- 214 nM and 390 +/- 150 ms, respectively. The [Ca2+](i) transients gradually decreased in amplitude and broadened in more distal portions of the apical dendrite up to the main bifurcation. 5. In the apical tuft branches, the profile of the [Ca2+](i) transients was dependent on AP frequency. Following single APs, the [Ca2+](i) transients in tuft branches were larger compared with those proximal to the main bifurcation, whereas [Ca2+](i) transients evoked by a train of APs showed no significant increase. 6. In oblique and basal dendrites, the [Ca2+](i) transients evoked by single APs or trains of APs had the largest amplitudes measured in the entire neurone. Following single APs, the mean [Ca2+](i) transient peak was 226 +/- 69 nM in oblique dendrites, and 267 +/- 109 nM in basal dendrites. Following a train of five APs, in both oblique and basal dendrites the [Ca2+](i) transient peak exceeded 1.5 mu M in most neurones examined. 7. Experiments using voltage commands simulating AP wave shapes applied to the soma in the presence of tetrodotoxin (TTX) indicate that active dendritic AP propagation is essential for the generation of [Ca2+](i) transients in apical and basal dendrites. 8. It is suggested that the large differences in the amplitudes of AP-evoked [Ca2+](i) transients measured in different compartments of pyramidal neurones could differentially control the efficacy of synaptic transmission in different dendritic compartments, as well as the integration of postsynaptic potentials.
@article{ Schiller_etal95,
author = {Schiller, J. and Helmchen, F. and Sakmann, B.},
title = {Spatial profile of dendritic calcium transients evoked by action
potentials in rat neocortical pyramidal neurons},
journal = {Journal of Physiology (London)},
year = {1995},
volume = {487},
pages = {583-600},
number = {3},
abstract = { 1. Simultaneous measurements of intracellular free calcium concentration
([Ca2+](i)) and intrasomatic and intradendritic membrane potential
(V-m) were performed using fura-2 fluorimetry and whole-cell recording
in neocortical layer V pyramidal neurones in rat brain slices. 2.
Back-propagating action potentials (APs) evoked [Ca2+](i) transients
in the entire neurone including the soma, the axon initial segment,
the apical dendrite up to the distal tuft branches, and the oblique
and basal dendrites, indicating that following suprathreshold activation
the entire dendritic tree is depolarized sufficiently to open voltage-dependent
calcium channels (VDCCs). 3. The [Ca2+](i) transient peak evoked
by APs showed large differences between various compartments of the
neurone. Following a single AP, up to 6-fold differences were measured,
ranging from 43 +/- 14 nM in the soma to 287 +/- 109 nM in the basal
dendrites. 4. Along the main apical dendrite, the [Ca2+](i) transients
evoked by single APs or trains of APs had the largest amplitude and
the fastest decay in the proximal region; the [Ca2+](i) transient
peak and decay time constant following a single AP were 128 +/- 25
nM and 420 +/- 150 ms, respectively, and following a train of five
APs (at 10-12 Hz), 710 +/- 214 nM and 390 +/- 150 ms, respectively.
The [Ca2+](i) transients gradually decreased in amplitude and broadened
in more distal portions of the apical dendrite up to the main bifurcation.
5. In the apical tuft branches, the profile of the [Ca2+](i) transients
was dependent on AP frequency. Following single APs, the [Ca2+](i)
transients in tuft branches were larger compared with those proximal
to the main bifurcation, whereas [Ca2+](i) transients evoked by a
train of APs showed no significant increase. 6. In oblique and basal
dendrites, the [Ca2+](i) transients evoked by single APs or trains
of APs had the largest amplitudes measured in the entire neurone.
Following single APs, the mean [Ca2+](i) transient peak was 226 +/-
69 nM in oblique dendrites, and 267 +/- 109 nM in basal dendrites.
Following a train of five APs, in both oblique and basal dendrites
the [Ca2+](i) transient peak exceeded 1.5 mu M in most neurones examined.
7. Experiments using voltage commands simulating AP wave shapes applied
to the soma in the presence of tetrodotoxin (TTX) indicate that active
dendritic AP propagation is essential for the generation of [Ca2+](i)
transients in apical and basal dendrites. 8. It is suggested that
the large differences in the amplitudes of AP-evoked [Ca2+](i) transients
measured in different compartments of pyramidal neurones could differentially
control the efficacy of synaptic transmission in different dendritic
compartments, as well as the integration of postsynaptic potentials.},
en_number = { },
keywords = { }
}
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{"_id":"qa88GGrRgB5TBzZ6R","bibbaseid":"schiller-helmchen-sakmann-spatialprofileofdendriticcalciumtransientsevokedbyactionpotentialsinratneocorticalpyramidalneurons-1995","downloads":0,"creationDate":"2015-02-08T05:14:57.004Z","title":"Spatial profile of dendritic calcium transients evoked by action potentials in rat neocortical pyramidal neurons","author_short":["Schiller, J.","Helmchen, F.","Sakmann, B."],"year":1995,"bibtype":"article","biburl":"http://cnslab.mb.jhu.edu/niebase.bib","bibdata":{"abstract":"1. Simultaneous measurements of intracellular free calcium concentration ([Ca2+](i)) and intrasomatic and intradendritic membrane potential (V-m) were performed using fura-2 fluorimetry and whole-cell recording in neocortical layer V pyramidal neurones in rat brain slices. 2. Back-propagating action potentials (APs) evoked [Ca2+](i) transients in the entire neurone including the soma, the axon initial segment, the apical dendrite up to the distal tuft branches, and the oblique and basal dendrites, indicating that following suprathreshold activation the entire dendritic tree is depolarized sufficiently to open voltage-dependent calcium channels (VDCCs). 3. The [Ca2+](i) transient peak evoked by APs showed large differences between various compartments of the neurone. Following a single AP, up to 6-fold differences were measured, ranging from 43 +/- 14 nM in the soma to 287 +/- 109 nM in the basal dendrites. 4. Along the main apical dendrite, the [Ca2+](i) transients evoked by single APs or trains of APs had the largest amplitude and the fastest decay in the proximal region; the [Ca2+](i) transient peak and decay time constant following a single AP were 128 +/- 25 nM and 420 +/- 150 ms, respectively, and following a train of five APs (at 10-12 Hz), 710 +/- 214 nM and 390 +/- 150 ms, respectively. The [Ca2+](i) transients gradually decreased in amplitude and broadened in more distal portions of the apical dendrite up to the main bifurcation. 5. In the apical tuft branches, the profile of the [Ca2+](i) transients was dependent on AP frequency. Following single APs, the [Ca2+](i) transients in tuft branches were larger compared with those proximal to the main bifurcation, whereas [Ca2+](i) transients evoked by a train of APs showed no significant increase. 6. In oblique and basal dendrites, the [Ca2+](i) transients evoked by single APs or trains of APs had the largest amplitudes measured in the entire neurone. Following single APs, the mean [Ca2+](i) transient peak was 226 +/- 69 nM in oblique dendrites, and 267 +/- 109 nM in basal dendrites. Following a train of five APs, in both oblique and basal dendrites the [Ca2+](i) transient peak exceeded 1.5 mu M in most neurones examined. 7. Experiments using voltage commands simulating AP wave shapes applied to the soma in the presence of tetrodotoxin (TTX) indicate that active dendritic AP propagation is essential for the generation of [Ca2+](i) transients in apical and basal dendrites. 8. It is suggested that the large differences in the amplitudes of AP-evoked [Ca2+](i) transients measured in different compartments of pyramidal neurones could differentially control the efficacy of synaptic transmission in different dendritic compartments, as well as the integration of postsynaptic potentials.","author":["Schiller, J.","Helmchen, F.","Sakmann, B."],"author_short":["Schiller, J.","Helmchen, F.","Sakmann, B."],"bibtex":"@article{ Schiller_etal95,\n author = {Schiller, J. and Helmchen, F. and Sakmann, B.},\n title = {Spatial profile of dendritic calcium transients evoked by action\n\tpotentials in rat neocortical pyramidal neurons},\n journal = {Journal of Physiology (London)},\n year = {1995},\n volume = {487},\n pages = {583-600},\n number = {3},\n abstract = { 1. Simultaneous measurements of intracellular free calcium concentration\n\t([Ca2+](i)) and intrasomatic and intradendritic membrane potential\n\t(V-m) were performed using fura-2 fluorimetry and whole-cell recording\n\tin neocortical layer V pyramidal neurones in rat brain slices. 2.\n\tBack-propagating action potentials (APs) evoked [Ca2+](i) transients\n\tin the entire neurone including the soma, the axon initial segment,\n\tthe apical dendrite up to the distal tuft branches, and the oblique\n\tand basal dendrites, indicating that following suprathreshold activation\n\tthe entire dendritic tree is depolarized sufficiently to open voltage-dependent\n\tcalcium channels (VDCCs). 3. The [Ca2+](i) transient peak evoked\n\tby APs showed large differences between various compartments of the\n\tneurone. Following a single AP, up to 6-fold differences were measured,\n\tranging from 43 +/- 14 nM in the soma to 287 +/- 109 nM in the basal\n\tdendrites. 4. Along the main apical dendrite, the [Ca2+](i) transients\n\tevoked by single APs or trains of APs had the largest amplitude and\n\tthe fastest decay in the proximal region; the [Ca2+](i) transient\n\tpeak and decay time constant following a single AP were 128 +/- 25\n\tnM and 420 +/- 150 ms, respectively, and following a train of five\n\tAPs (at 10-12 Hz), 710 +/- 214 nM and 390 +/- 150 ms, respectively.\n\tThe [Ca2+](i) transients gradually decreased in amplitude and broadened\n\tin more distal portions of the apical dendrite up to the main bifurcation.\n\t5. In the apical tuft branches, the profile of the [Ca2+](i) transients\n\twas dependent on AP frequency. Following single APs, the [Ca2+](i)\n\ttransients in tuft branches were larger compared with those proximal\n\tto the main bifurcation, whereas [Ca2+](i) transients evoked by a\n\ttrain of APs showed no significant increase. 6. In oblique and basal\n\tdendrites, the [Ca2+](i) transients evoked by single APs or trains\n\tof APs had the largest amplitudes measured in the entire neurone.\n\tFollowing single APs, the mean [Ca2+](i) transient peak was 226 +/-\n\t69 nM in oblique dendrites, and 267 +/- 109 nM in basal dendrites.\n\tFollowing a train of five APs, in both oblique and basal dendrites\n\tthe [Ca2+](i) transient peak exceeded 1.5 mu M in most neurones examined.\n\t7. Experiments using voltage commands simulating AP wave shapes applied\n\tto the soma in the presence of tetrodotoxin (TTX) indicate that active\n\tdendritic AP propagation is essential for the generation of [Ca2+](i)\n\ttransients in apical and basal dendrites. 8. It is suggested that\n\tthe large differences in the amplitudes of AP-evoked [Ca2+](i) transients\n\tmeasured in different compartments of pyramidal neurones could differentially\n\tcontrol the efficacy of synaptic transmission in different dendritic\n\tcompartments, as well as the integration of postsynaptic potentials.},\n en_number = { },\n keywords = { }\n}","bibtype":"article","en_number":"","id":"Schiller_etal95","journal":"Journal of Physiology (London)","key":"Schiller_etal95","keywords":"","number":"3","pages":"583-600","title":"Spatial profile of dendritic calcium transients evoked by action potentials in rat neocortical pyramidal neurons","type":"article","volume":"487","year":"1995","bibbaseid":"schiller-helmchen-sakmann-spatialprofileofdendriticcalciumtransientsevokedbyactionpotentialsinratneocorticalpyramidalneurons-1995","role":"author","urls":{},"downloads":0},"search_terms":["spatial","profile","dendritic","calcium","transients","evoked","action","potentials","rat","neocortical","pyramidal","neurons","schiller","helmchen","sakmann"],"keywords":[],"authorIDs":[],"dataSources":["ErLXoH8mqSjESnrN5"]}