Regulation of touch-stimulated de novo root regeneration from Arabidopsis leaves. Shanmukhan, A. P., Mathew, M. M., Aiyaz, M., Varaparambathu, V., Kareem, A., Radhakrishnan, D., & Prasad, K. Plant Physiology, 187(1):52–58, September, 2021.
Regulation of touch-stimulated de novo root regeneration from Arabidopsis leaves [link]Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   
Dear Editor,Among several of the plant’s lateral organs, leaves show versatile regenerative responses, be it natural, mechanical-injury induced, or tissue culture-mediated. Regeneration of entire plants from various species of Kalanchoe leaves is an example of natural regeneration from leaf (Smith et al., 2019). In tissue culture-mediated regeneration, small leaf explants can give rise to entire shoot and/root system via callus in the presence of hormonal supplements. The incised mid-vein of an undetached growing leaf, and the cut end of detached leaves exhibit regenerative responses, both of which fall under mechanical injury-induced regeneration. Although mid-vein regeneration in growing leaves was investigated only recently, mechanical injury-induced regenerative responses at the cut end of detached leaves have been studied for several years (Chen et al., 2014; Ikeuchi et al., 2016; Bustillo-Avendaño et al., 2018; Zhang et al., 2019; Radhakrishnan et al., 2020). Studies in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) reported the emergence of adventitious roots from the cut end of detached leaves, be it the base of leaf blade or the petiole via de novo root regeneration (DNRR; Chen et al., 2014; Bustillo-Avendaño et al., 2018). This ability of part of a tissue to produce an organ, whose identity is different from its parent tissue, is rather intriguing. However, DNRR is not the only response observed at the cut end of a detached Arabidopsis leaf; wound healing in the form of callus formation occurs at the cut end of leaves that do not undergo DNRR. With the available data, it was unclear if the decision to make callus or DNRR is random or if any external inductive cues favor one over the other. It was therefore imperative to investigate this differential regenerative response to the same injury in the same organ. Using various experimental approaches, we show that the factor favoring DNRR over callus formation is the direct physical contact of the cut end to any solid or liquid surface. Interestingly, the plant hormone auxin shows elevated accumulation in response to touch to the wound site. We further show that PLETHORA (PLT) genes, which are essential as well as sufficient for DNRR, regulate this process via a mechanism distinct from PLT-regulated lateral root (LR) formation or other PLT-regulated regenerative responses.
@article{shanmukhan_regulation_2021,
	title = {Regulation of touch-stimulated de novo root regeneration from {Arabidopsis} leaves},
	volume = {187},
	issn = {0032-0889},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1093/plphys/kiab286},
	doi = {10.1093/plphys/kiab286},
	abstract = {Dear Editor,Among several of the plant’s lateral organs, leaves show versatile regenerative responses, be it natural, mechanical-injury induced, or tissue culture-mediated. Regeneration of entire plants from various species of Kalanchoe leaves is an example of natural regeneration from leaf (Smith et al., 2019). In tissue culture-mediated regeneration, small leaf explants can give rise to entire shoot and/root system via callus in the presence of hormonal supplements. The incised mid-vein of an undetached growing leaf, and the cut end of detached leaves exhibit regenerative responses, both of which fall under mechanical injury-induced regeneration. Although mid-vein regeneration in growing leaves was investigated only recently, mechanical injury-induced regenerative responses at the cut end of detached leaves have been studied for several years (Chen et al., 2014; Ikeuchi et al., 2016; Bustillo-Avendaño et al., 2018; Zhang et al., 2019; Radhakrishnan et al., 2020). Studies in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) reported the emergence of adventitious roots from the cut end of detached leaves, be it the base of leaf blade or the petiole via de novo root regeneration (DNRR; Chen et al., 2014; Bustillo-Avendaño et al., 2018). This ability of part of a tissue to produce an organ, whose identity is different from its parent tissue, is rather intriguing. However, DNRR is not the only response observed at the cut end of a detached Arabidopsis leaf; wound healing in the form of callus formation occurs at the cut end of leaves that do not undergo DNRR. With the available data, it was unclear if the decision to make callus or DNRR is random or if any external inductive cues favor one over the other. It was therefore imperative to investigate this differential regenerative response to the same injury in the same organ. Using various experimental approaches, we show that the factor favoring DNRR over callus formation is the direct physical contact of the cut end to any solid or liquid surface. Interestingly, the plant hormone auxin shows elevated accumulation in response to touch to the wound site. We further show that PLETHORA (PLT) genes, which are essential as well as sufficient for DNRR, regulate this process via a mechanism distinct from PLT-regulated lateral root (LR) formation or other PLT-regulated regenerative responses.},
	number = {1},
	urldate = {2026-09-07},
	journal = {Plant Physiology},
	author = {Shanmukhan, Anju Pallipurath and Mathew, Mabel Maria and Aiyaz, Mohammed and Varaparambathu, Vijina and Kareem, Abdul and Radhakrishnan, Dhanya and Prasad, Kalika},
	month = sep,
	year = {2021},
	pages = {52--58},
}
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