@incollection{shawBetulaCylindrostachyaVersion2014,
  title = {Betula Cylindrostachya - {{Version}} 2014.3},
  booktitle = {The {{IUCN Red List}} of {{Threatened Species}}},
  author = {Shaw, K. and Roy, S. and Wilson, B.},
  year = {2014},
  pages = {194616/0+},
  abstract = {[Excerpt] This species has a wide distribution and is common across its range. There are no reported major threats to this species. Betula cylindrostachya is therefore assessed as Least Concern. In the Chinese Red List this species is also assessed as Least Concern. [::Taxonomic Notes] The tetraploid B. cylindrostachya is a member of sub genus Acuminatae and closely related to the diploid B. alnoides and B. luminifera, with which it has been confused. It can be distinguished from B.alnoides by its spring rather than autumn-winter flowering period, its wider fruiting catkins and more cordate leaf bases. Some material in cultivation introduced as B. alnoides is probably B. cylindrostachya (Ashburner and McAllister 2013). Betula luminifera is morphologically very similar, but has (usually) solitary female catkins (catkins are in groups of two to six in the other two species).The recently described B. fujianensis would seem from its description to be synonymous with B. cylindrostachya, the only significant difference being the glandular shoots and the absence of hair tufts in the secondary vein axils on the abaxial leaf surface.Betula rhombibracteata is doubtfully distinct from B. cylindrostachya [::Range Description] This species occurs in Pakistan, India, Nepal, Myanmar and China.~Until recently this species was much confused with B. alnoides, so the distribution is likely to be an underestimate. It is often found growing in the same geographical areas as B. alnoides,~but at higher altitudes. [::Countries] Native:Bhutan; China (Fujian, Sichuan, Yunnan); India (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Darjiling, Himachal Pradesh, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Sikkim, Tripura, Uttaranchal); Myanmar (Myanmar (mainland)); Nepal; Pakistan [::Population] This species is common across its distribution. [::Habitat and Ecology] A tree to 30 m in height, this species occurs in subtropical to warm-temperate broadleaved forests and cloud forests. It can often be found in river valleys usually in dense forests and at at low altitudes. It often grows in disturbed ground, seedlings grow on open ground at roadsides and landslip sites. The species has also been found growing in open arable land.~This species requires a long frost free growing season with adequate summer warmth and rainfall evenly distributed throughout the growing season, it is heat tolerant and apparently fairly drought tolerant on deep soils. The young shoots are tender and not frost hardy, so frosts in late spring after the buds have broken can kill even quite large trees. [::Use and Trade] The wood is useful for the manufacture of plywood.~Produces oil of wintergreen when the bark of shoots are bruised. [::Major Threat(s)] There are no major threats reported for this species.},
  keywords = {*imported-from-citeulike-INRMM,~INRMM-MiD:c-13621317,betula-cylindrostachya,conservation,forest-resources,iucn,iucn-least-concern-lc},
  lccn = {INRMM-MiD:c-13621317}
}

{"_id":"yyE7ELBwbrBtoZY78","bibbaseid":"shaw-roy-wilson-betulacylindrostachyaversion20143-2014","downloads":0,"creationDate":"2016-06-22T10:19:43.498Z","title":"Betula Cylindrostachya - Version 2014.3","author_short":["Shaw, K.","Roy, S.","Wilson, B."],"year":2014,"bibtype":"incollection","biburl":"https://sharefast.me/php/download.php?id=zOUKvA&token=29","bibdata":{"bibtype":"incollection","type":"incollection","title":"Betula Cylindrostachya - Version 2014.3","booktitle":"The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species","author":[{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Shaw"],"firstnames":["K."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Roy"],"firstnames":["S."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Wilson"],"firstnames":["B."],"suffixes":[]}],"year":"2014","pages":"194616/0+","abstract":"[Excerpt] This species has a wide distribution and is common across its range. There are no reported major threats to this species. Betula cylindrostachya is therefore assessed as Least Concern. In the Chinese Red List this species is also assessed as Least Concern. [::Taxonomic Notes] The tetraploid B. cylindrostachya is a member of sub genus Acuminatae and closely related to the diploid B. alnoides and B. luminifera, with which it has been confused. It can be distinguished from B.alnoides by its spring rather than autumn-winter flowering period, its wider fruiting catkins and more cordate leaf bases. Some material in cultivation introduced as B. alnoides is probably B. cylindrostachya (Ashburner and McAllister 2013). Betula luminifera is morphologically very similar, but has (usually) solitary female catkins (catkins are in groups of two to six in the other two species).The recently described B. fujianensis would seem from its description to be synonymous with B. cylindrostachya, the only significant difference being the glandular shoots and the absence of hair tufts in the secondary vein axils on the abaxial leaf surface.Betula rhombibracteata is doubtfully distinct from B. cylindrostachya [::Range Description] This species occurs in Pakistan, India, Nepal, Myanmar and China.~Until recently this species was much confused with B. alnoides, so the distribution is likely to be an underestimate. It is often found growing in the same geographical areas as B. alnoides,~but at higher altitudes. [::Countries] Native:Bhutan; China (Fujian, Sichuan, Yunnan); India (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Darjiling, Himachal Pradesh, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Sikkim, Tripura, Uttaranchal); Myanmar (Myanmar (mainland)); Nepal; Pakistan [::Population] This species is common across its distribution. [::Habitat and Ecology] A tree to 30 m in height, this species occurs in subtropical to warm-temperate broadleaved forests and cloud forests. It can often be found in river valleys usually in dense forests and at at low altitudes. It often grows in disturbed ground, seedlings grow on open ground at roadsides and landslip sites. The species has also been found growing in open arable land.~This species requires a long frost free growing season with adequate summer warmth and rainfall evenly distributed throughout the growing season, it is heat tolerant and apparently fairly drought tolerant on deep soils. The young shoots are tender and not frost hardy, so frosts in late spring after the buds have broken can kill even quite large trees. [::Use and Trade] The wood is useful for the manufacture of plywood.~Produces oil of wintergreen when the bark of shoots are bruised. [::Major Threat(s)] There are no major threats reported for this species.","keywords":"*imported-from-citeulike-INRMM,~INRMM-MiD:c-13621317,betula-cylindrostachya,conservation,forest-resources,iucn,iucn-least-concern-lc","lccn":"INRMM-MiD:c-13621317","bibtex":"@incollection{shawBetulaCylindrostachyaVersion2014,\n title = {Betula Cylindrostachya - {{Version}} 2014.3},\n booktitle = {The {{IUCN Red List}} of {{Threatened Species}}},\n author = {Shaw, K. and Roy, S. and Wilson, B.},\n year = {2014},\n pages = {194616/0+},\n abstract = {[Excerpt] This species has a wide distribution and is common across its range. There are no reported major threats to this species. Betula cylindrostachya is therefore assessed as Least Concern. In the Chinese Red List this species is also assessed as Least Concern. [::Taxonomic Notes] The tetraploid B. cylindrostachya is a member of sub genus Acuminatae and closely related to the diploid B. alnoides and B. luminifera, with which it has been confused. It can be distinguished from B.alnoides by its spring rather than autumn-winter flowering period, its wider fruiting catkins and more cordate leaf bases. Some material in cultivation introduced as B. alnoides is probably B. cylindrostachya (Ashburner and McAllister 2013). Betula luminifera is morphologically very similar, but has (usually) solitary female catkins (catkins are in groups of two to six in the other two species).The recently described B. fujianensis would seem from its description to be synonymous with B. cylindrostachya, the only significant difference being the glandular shoots and the absence of hair tufts in the secondary vein axils on the abaxial leaf surface.Betula rhombibracteata is doubtfully distinct from B. cylindrostachya [::Range Description] This species occurs in Pakistan, India, Nepal, Myanmar and China.~Until recently this species was much confused with B. alnoides, so the distribution is likely to be an underestimate. It is often found growing in the same geographical areas as B. alnoides,~but at higher altitudes. [::Countries] Native:Bhutan; China (Fujian, Sichuan, Yunnan); India (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Darjiling, Himachal Pradesh, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Sikkim, Tripura, Uttaranchal); Myanmar (Myanmar (mainland)); Nepal; Pakistan [::Population] This species is common across its distribution. [::Habitat and Ecology] A tree to 30 m in height, this species occurs in subtropical to warm-temperate broadleaved forests and cloud forests. It can often be found in river valleys usually in dense forests and at at low altitudes. It often grows in disturbed ground, seedlings grow on open ground at roadsides and landslip sites. The species has also been found growing in open arable land.~This species requires a long frost free growing season with adequate summer warmth and rainfall evenly distributed throughout the growing season, it is heat tolerant and apparently fairly drought tolerant on deep soils. The young shoots are tender and not frost hardy, so frosts in late spring after the buds have broken can kill even quite large trees. [::Use and Trade] The wood is useful for the manufacture of plywood.~Produces oil of wintergreen when the bark of shoots are bruised. 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