@inBook{
 title = {Cranio-electro Stimulation: An Effective yet Simple Technique for Calming the Mind},
 type = {inBook},
 year = {2017},
 identifiers = {[object Object]},
 keywords = {Anxiety,Depression,Insomnia,Neurotransmitters,PTSD},
 pages = {33-49},
 websites = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/B978012803726300002X},
 publisher = {Elsevier},
 id = {87cf5d14-2eb8-3c6c-bc6c-49ed2cbfff8c},
 created = {2017-12-19T15:00:49.313Z},
 accessed = {2017-11-22},
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 profile_id = {38c6dbcb-2394-3f18-9217-58d777c08c69},
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 tags = {CA},
 read = {false},
 starred = {false},
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 confirmed = {true},
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 citation_key = {Siever2017d},
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 abstract = {Cranio-electro stimulation (CES) is primarily a brain calming technique, approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of anxiety, insomnia and depression. However, the approximately 200 studies of CES have shown that this technology also lends itself well for drug rehabilitation, treatment of pain and Post Traumatic Stress Disorder. CES treatment involves the application of mildly perceptible pulses of alternating electrical currents (AC) in the audio frequency range from 0.5 to 15 KHz, through the brain. Current theories on CES suggest that a direct action is enacted on the brain via the brain stem; the limbic system; the reticular activating system; and/or the hypothalamus. CES induces cortical brain deactivation and alters connectivity within the default mode network. CES affects neurotransmitter production and has been shown to increase neurotransmitters such as serotonin, endorphins, norepinephrine and acetylcholine. Modern CES devices are simple to operate and generally use electrodes that are easily clipped onto the earlobes. CES is easy to use and may be performed at home even by individuals with mild cognitive challenges.},
 bibtype = {inBook},
 author = {Siever, Dave},
 book = {Rhythmic Stimulation Procedures in Neuromodulation}
}

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