The LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey Deep fields: The star formation rate - radio luminosity relation at low frequencies. Smith, D. J. B., Haskell, P., Gürkan, G., Best, P. N., Hardcastle, M. J., Kondapally, R., Williams, W., Duncan, K. J., Cochrane, R. K., McCheyne, I., Röttgering, H. J. A., Sabater, J., Shimwell, T. W., Tasse, C., Bonato, M., Bondi, M., Jarvis, M. J., Leslie, S. K., Prandoni, I., & Wang, L. arXiv e-prints, 2011:arXiv:2011.08196, November, 2020.
The LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey Deep fields: The star formation rate - radio luminosity relation at low frequencies [link]Paper  abstract   bibtex   
In this paper, we investigate the relationship between 150MHz luminosity and star formation rate (the SFR-L150 relation) using 150MHz measurements for a near-infrared selected sample of 118,517 \$z{\textless}1\$ galaxies. New radio survey data offer compelling advantages for studying star formation in galaxies, with huge increases in sensitivity, survey speed and resolution over previous generation surveys, and remaining impervious to extinction. The LOFAR Surveys Key Science Project is transforming our understanding of the low-frequency radio sky, with the 150MHz data over the ELAIS-N1 field reaching an RMS sensitivity of 20uJy/beam over 10 deg\${\textasciicircum}2\$ at 6" resolution. All of the galaxies studied have SFR and stellar mass estimates derived from energy balance SED fitting, using redshifts and aperture-matched forced photometry from the LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey (LoTSS) deep fields data release. The impact of active galactic nuclei is minimised by leveraging the deep ancillary data alongside outlier-resistant median-likelihood methods. We find a linear and non-evolving SFR-L150 relation, apparently consistent with expectations based on calorimetric arguments, down to the lowest SFRs. However, we also recover compelling evidence for stellar mass dependence in line with previous work on this topic, in the sense that higher mass galaxies have a larger 150MHz luminosity at a given SFR, suggesting that the overall agreement with calorimetric arguments may be a coincidence. We conclude that in the absence of AGN, 150MHz observations can be used to measure accurate galaxy SFRs out to \$z=1\$ at least, but it is necessary to account for stellar mass in order to obtain 150MHz-derived SFRs accurate to \textless0.5 dex. Our best-fit relation is \${\textbackslash}log_\{10\} (L_{\textbackslash}mathrm\{150 MHz\} / W{\textbackslash},Hz{\textasciicircum}\{-1\}) = (0.90{\textbackslash}pm 0.01) {\textbackslash}log_\{10\}({\textbackslash}psi/M_{\textbackslash}odot{\textbackslash},{\textbackslash}mathrm\{yr\}{\textasciicircum}\{-1\}) + (0.33 {\textbackslash}pm 0.04) {\textbackslash}log_\{10\} (M/10{\textasciicircum}\{10\}M_{\textbackslash}odot) + 22.22 {\textbackslash}pm 0.02\$. (Abridged)
@article{smith_lofar_2020,
	title = {The {LOFAR} {Two}-metre {Sky} {Survey} {Deep} fields: {The} star formation rate - radio luminosity relation at low frequencies},
	volume = {2011},
	shorttitle = {The {LOFAR} {Two}-metre {Sky} {Survey} {Deep} fields},
	url = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2020arXiv201108196S},
	abstract = {In this paper, we investigate the relationship between 150MHz luminosity 
and star formation rate (the SFR-L150 relation) using 150MHz
measurements for a near-infrared selected sample of 118,517 \$z{\textless}1\$
galaxies. New radio survey data offer compelling advantages for studying
star formation in galaxies, with huge increases in sensitivity, survey
speed and resolution over previous generation surveys, and remaining
impervious to extinction. The LOFAR Surveys Key Science Project is
transforming our understanding of the low-frequency radio sky, with the
150MHz data over the ELAIS-N1 field reaching an RMS sensitivity of
20uJy/beam over 10 deg\${\textasciicircum}2\$ at 6" resolution. All of the galaxies studied
have SFR and stellar mass estimates derived from energy balance SED
fitting, using redshifts and aperture-matched forced photometry from the
LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey (LoTSS) deep fields data release. The impact
of active galactic nuclei is minimised by leveraging the deep ancillary
data alongside outlier-resistant median-likelihood methods. We find a
linear and non-evolving SFR-L150 relation, apparently consistent with
expectations based on calorimetric arguments, down to the lowest SFRs.
However, we also recover compelling evidence for stellar mass dependence
in line with previous work on this topic, in the sense that higher mass
galaxies have a larger 150MHz luminosity at a given SFR, suggesting that
the overall agreement with calorimetric arguments may be a coincidence.
We conclude that in the absence of AGN, 150MHz observations can be used
to measure accurate galaxy SFRs out to \$z=1\$ at least, but it is
necessary to account for stellar mass in order to obtain 150MHz-derived
SFRs accurate to {\textless}0.5 dex. Our best-fit relation is \${\textbackslash}log\_\{10\}
(L\_{\textbackslash}mathrm\{150 MHz\} / W{\textbackslash},Hz{\textasciicircum}\{-1\}) = (0.90{\textbackslash}pm 0.01)
{\textbackslash}log\_\{10\}({\textbackslash}psi/M\_{\textbackslash}odot{\textbackslash},{\textbackslash}mathrm\{yr\}{\textasciicircum}\{-1\}) + (0.33 {\textbackslash}pm 0.04) {\textbackslash}log\_\{10\}
(M/10{\textasciicircum}\{10\}M\_{\textbackslash}odot) + 22.22 {\textbackslash}pm 0.02\$. (Abridged)},
	urldate = {2020-11-20},
	journal = {arXiv e-prints},
	author = {Smith, D. J. B. and Haskell, P. and Gürkan, G. and Best, P. N. and Hardcastle, M. J. and Kondapally, R. and Williams, W. and Duncan, K. J. and Cochrane, R. K. and McCheyne, I. and Röttgering, H. J. A. and Sabater, J. and Shimwell, T. W. and Tasse, C. and Bonato, M. and Bondi, M. and Jarvis, M. J. and Leslie, S. K. and Prandoni, I. and Wang, L.},
	month = nov,
	year = {2020},
	keywords = {Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies},
	pages = {arXiv:2011.08196},
}

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