Direct imaging of the electron liquid at oxide interfaces. Song, K., Ryu, S., Lee, H., Paudel, T. R., Koch, C. T., Park, B., Lee, J. K., Choi, S., Kim, Y., Kim, J. C., Jeong, H. Y., Rzchowski, M. S., Tsymbal, E. Y., Eom, C., & Oh, S. H. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY, 13(3):198+, MAR, 2018. doi abstract bibtex The breaking of symmetry across an oxide heterostructure causes the electronic orbitals to be reconstructed at the interface into energy states that are different from their bulk counterparts(1). The detailed nature of the orbital reconstruction critically affects the spatial confinement and the physical properties of the electrons occupying the interfacial orbitals(2-4). Using an example of two-dimensional electron liquids forming at LaAlO3/SrTiO3 interfaces(5,6) with different crystal symmetry, we show that the selective orbital occupation and spatial quantum confinement of electrons can be resolved with subnanometre resolution using inline electron holography. For the standard (001) interface, the charge density map obtained by inline electron holography shows that the two-dimensional electron liquid is confined to the interface with narrow spatial extension (similar to 1.0 +/- 0.3 nm in the half width). On the other hand, the two-dimensional electron liquid formed at the (111) interface shows a much broader spatial extension (similar to 3.3 +/- 0.3 nm) with the maximum density located similar to 2.4 nm away from the interface, in excellent agreement with density functional theory calculations.
@article{ ISI:000427009000011,
Author = {Song, Kyung and Ryu, Sangwoo and Lee, Hyungwoo and Paudel, Tula R. and
Koch, Christoph T. and Park, Bumsu and Lee, Ja Kyung and Choi, Si-Young
and Kim, Young-Min and Kim, Jong Chan and Jeong, Hu Young and Rzchowski,
Mark S. and Tsymbal, Evgeny Y. and Eom, Chang-Beom and Oh, Sang Ho},
Title = {{Direct imaging of the electron liquid at oxide interfaces}},
Journal = {{NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY}},
Year = {{2018}},
Volume = {{13}},
Number = {{3}},
Pages = {{198+}},
Month = {{MAR}},
Abstract = {{The breaking of symmetry across an oxide heterostructure causes the
electronic orbitals to be reconstructed at the interface into energy
states that are different from their bulk counterparts(1). The detailed
nature of the orbital reconstruction critically affects the spatial
confinement and the physical properties of the electrons occupying the
interfacial orbitals(2-4). Using an example of two-dimensional electron
liquids forming at LaAlO3/SrTiO3 interfaces(5,6) with different crystal
symmetry, we show that the selective orbital occupation and spatial
quantum confinement of electrons can be resolved with subnanometre
resolution using inline electron holography. For the standard (001)
interface, the charge density map obtained by inline electron holography
shows that the two-dimensional electron liquid is confined to the
interface with narrow spatial extension (similar to 1.0 +/- 0.3 nm in
the half width). On the other hand, the two-dimensional electron liquid
formed at the (111) interface shows a much broader spatial extension
(similar to 3.3 +/- 0.3 nm) with the maximum density located similar to
2.4 nm away from the interface, in excellent agreement with density
functional theory calculations.}},
DOI = {{10.1038/s41565-017-0040-8}},
ISSN = {{1748-3387}},
EISSN = {{1748-3395}},
ResearcherID-Numbers = {{Kim, Young-Min/B-7338-2012
Tsymbal, Evgeny/G-3493-2013
}},
ORCID-Numbers = {{Kim, Young-Min/0000-0003-3220-9004
Tsymbal, Evgeny/0000-0002-6728-5480
Park, Bumsu/0000-0003-1052-8848}},
Unique-ID = {{ISI:000427009000011}},
}
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H."],"year":2018,"bibtype":"article","biburl":"http://oxide.engr.wisc.edu/newWebsite/papers/oxide.bib","bibdata":{"bibtype":"article","type":"article","author":[{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Song"],"firstnames":["Kyung"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Ryu"],"firstnames":["Sangwoo"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Lee"],"firstnames":["Hyungwoo"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Paudel"],"firstnames":["Tula","R."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Koch"],"firstnames":["Christoph","T."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Park"],"firstnames":["Bumsu"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Lee"],"firstnames":["Ja","Kyung"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Choi"],"firstnames":["Si-Young"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Kim"],"firstnames":["Young-Min"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Kim"],"firstnames":["Jong","Chan"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Jeong"],"firstnames":["Hu","Young"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Rzchowski"],"firstnames":["Mark","S."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Tsymbal"],"firstnames":["Evgeny","Y."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Eom"],"firstnames":["Chang-Beom"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Oh"],"firstnames":["Sang","Ho"],"suffixes":[]}],"title":"Direct imaging of the electron liquid at oxide interfaces","journal":"NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY","year":"2018","volume":"13","number":"3","pages":"198+","month":"MAR","abstract":"The breaking of symmetry across an oxide heterostructure causes the electronic orbitals to be reconstructed at the interface into energy states that are different from their bulk counterparts(1). The detailed nature of the orbital reconstruction critically affects the spatial confinement and the physical properties of the electrons occupying the interfacial orbitals(2-4). Using an example of two-dimensional electron liquids forming at LaAlO3/SrTiO3 interfaces(5,6) with different crystal symmetry, we show that the selective orbital occupation and spatial quantum confinement of electrons can be resolved with subnanometre resolution using inline electron holography. For the standard (001) interface, the charge density map obtained by inline electron holography shows that the two-dimensional electron liquid is confined to the interface with narrow spatial extension (similar to 1.0 +/- 0.3 nm in the half width). On the other hand, the two-dimensional electron liquid formed at the (111) interface shows a much broader spatial extension (similar to 3.3 +/- 0.3 nm) with the maximum density located similar to 2.4 nm away from the interface, in excellent agreement with density functional theory calculations.","doi":"10.1038/s41565-017-0040-8","issn":"1748-3387","eissn":"1748-3395","researcherid-numbers":"Kim, Young-Min/B-7338-2012 Tsymbal, Evgeny/G-3493-2013 ","orcid-numbers":"Kim, Young-Min/0000-0003-3220-9004 Tsymbal, Evgeny/0000-0002-6728-5480 Park, Bumsu/0000-0003-1052-8848","unique-id":"ISI:000427009000011","bibtex":"@article{ ISI:000427009000011,\nAuthor = {Song, Kyung and Ryu, Sangwoo and Lee, Hyungwoo and Paudel, Tula R. and\n Koch, Christoph T. and Park, Bumsu and Lee, Ja Kyung and Choi, Si-Young\n and Kim, Young-Min and Kim, Jong Chan and Jeong, Hu Young and Rzchowski,\n Mark S. and Tsymbal, Evgeny Y. and Eom, Chang-Beom and Oh, Sang Ho},\nTitle = {{Direct imaging of the electron liquid at oxide interfaces}},\nJournal = {{NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY}},\nYear = {{2018}},\nVolume = {{13}},\nNumber = {{3}},\nPages = {{198+}},\nMonth = {{MAR}},\nAbstract = {{The breaking of symmetry across an oxide heterostructure causes the\n electronic orbitals to be reconstructed at the interface into energy\n states that are different from their bulk counterparts(1). The detailed\n nature of the orbital reconstruction critically affects the spatial\n confinement and the physical properties of the electrons occupying the\n interfacial orbitals(2-4). Using an example of two-dimensional electron\n liquids forming at LaAlO3/SrTiO3 interfaces(5,6) with different crystal\n symmetry, we show that the selective orbital occupation and spatial\n quantum confinement of electrons can be resolved with subnanometre\n resolution using inline electron holography. For the standard (001)\n interface, the charge density map obtained by inline electron holography\n shows that the two-dimensional electron liquid is confined to the\n interface with narrow spatial extension (similar to 1.0 +/- 0.3 nm in\n the half width). 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