@article{tan_community-based_2014,
	title = {A community-based study of hepatitis b virus ({HBV}) infection, screening and vaccination among {Singaporeans}},
	volume = {43},
	issn = {0304-4602},
	url = {http://www.annals.edu.sg/pdf/43VolNo9Sep2014/SHBC2014_Final.pdf http://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&PAGE=reference&D=emed15&NEWS=N&AN=71796470},
	abstract = {Background \& Hypothesis: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is the most common cause of liver disease and liver cancer in Singapore, being endemic despite availability of an efficacious vaccine. In this study, we hope to assess the facilitators and barriers with respect to HBV screening and vaccination. Method(s): Using mixed methods analysis, focus group discussions were conducted alongside a cross-sectional study amongst 784 Singapore citizens and permanent residents aged 25 to 69 residing in Housing and Development Board (HDB) flats. Result(s): Amongst the respondents, 50.6\% were screened and 37.8\% were vaccinated. The self-reported prevalence of HBV infection was 3.4\% and that of HBsAg seropositivity among those screened was 4.3\%. Routine health screening was the most common reason cited for screening (32.9\%) while doctors' recommendation was the most common reason for vaccination (42.7\%). For both screening and vaccination, knowledge and cost were the top facilitators and barriers respectively. Multivariable regression models revealed the most significant factors associated with not undergoing screening to be poor knowledge (P {\textless}0.001), fear of knowing their statuses (P = 0.001), lower annual dwelling value (P {\textless}0.001) and absence of family history (P {\textless}0.002), while that of not undergoing vaccination to be having not underwent screening (P {\textless}0.001), lack of knowledge of the possibility of HBV causing liver cancer (P {\textless}0.001), deterrence due to cost (P = 0.03) and lower education level (P {\textless}0.001). Discussion \& Conclusion(s): Several facilitators and barriers are seen to regulate health-seeking behaviour towards HBV infection. Public initiatives including education and financial relief targeting specific population groups should be considered to increase uptake rates of HBV screening and vaccination.},
	language = {English},
	number = {9 SUPPL. 1},
	journal = {Annals of the Academy of Medicine Singapore},
	author = {Tan, S. H. S. and Wang, D. B. and Azizah, N. and Tan, W. J. and Tan, Y. S. A. and Tam, C. C. and Tan, C. S. and Hildon, Z. J. L. and Fong, N. P.},
	year = {2014},
	keywords = {*Hepatitis B virus, *Singapore, *Singaporean, *community, *health, *screening, *vaccination, *virus infection, cross-sectional study, education, family history, fear, hepatitis B surface antigen, hope, housing, human, hypothesis, infection, information processing, liver cancer, liver disease, mass screening, model, physician, population group, prevalence, vaccine},
	pages = {S215},
}

{"_id":"S6z8o2KXNGDHR9Hg3","bibbaseid":"tan-wang-azizah-tan-tan-tam-tan-hildon-etal-acommunitybasedstudyofhepatitisbvirushbvinfectionscreeningandvaccinationamongsingaporeans-2014","authorIDs":[],"author_short":["Tan, S. H. S.","Wang, D. B.","Azizah, N.","Tan, W. J.","Tan, Y. S. A.","Tam, C. C.","Tan, C. S.","Hildon, Z. J. L.","Fong, N. P."],"bibdata":{"bibtype":"article","type":"article","title":"A community-based study of hepatitis b virus (HBV) infection, screening and vaccination among Singaporeans","volume":"43","issn":"0304-4602","url":"http://www.annals.edu.sg/pdf/43VolNo9Sep2014/SHBC2014_Final.pdf http://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&PAGE=reference&D=emed15&NEWS=N&AN=71796470","abstract":"Background & Hypothesis: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is the most common cause of liver disease and liver cancer in Singapore, being endemic despite availability of an efficacious vaccine. In this study, we hope to assess the facilitators and barriers with respect to HBV screening and vaccination. Method(s): Using mixed methods analysis, focus group discussions were conducted alongside a cross-sectional study amongst 784 Singapore citizens and permanent residents aged 25 to 69 residing in Housing and Development Board (HDB) flats. Result(s): Amongst the respondents, 50.6% were screened and 37.8% were vaccinated. The self-reported prevalence of HBV infection was 3.4% and that of HBsAg seropositivity among those screened was 4.3%. Routine health screening was the most common reason cited for screening (32.9%) while doctors' recommendation was the most common reason for vaccination (42.7%). For both screening and vaccination, knowledge and cost were the top facilitators and barriers respectively. Multivariable regression models revealed the most significant factors associated with not undergoing screening to be poor knowledge (P \\textless0.001), fear of knowing their statuses (P = 0.001), lower annual dwelling value (P \\textless0.001) and absence of family history (P \\textless0.002), while that of not undergoing vaccination to be having not underwent screening (P \\textless0.001), lack of knowledge of the possibility of HBV causing liver cancer (P \\textless0.001), deterrence due to cost (P = 0.03) and lower education level (P \\textless0.001). Discussion & Conclusion(s): Several facilitators and barriers are seen to regulate health-seeking behaviour towards HBV infection. Public initiatives including education and financial relief targeting specific population groups should be considered to increase uptake rates of HBV screening and vaccination.","language":"English","number":"9 SUPPL. 1","journal":"Annals of the Academy of Medicine Singapore","author":[{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Tan"],"firstnames":["S.","H.","S."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Wang"],"firstnames":["D.","B."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Azizah"],"firstnames":["N."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Tan"],"firstnames":["W.","J."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Tan"],"firstnames":["Y.","S.","A."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Tam"],"firstnames":["C.","C."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Tan"],"firstnames":["C.","S."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Hildon"],"firstnames":["Z.","J.","L."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Fong"],"firstnames":["N.","P."],"suffixes":[]}],"year":"2014","keywords":"*Hepatitis B virus, *Singapore, *Singaporean, *community, *health, *screening, *vaccination, *virus infection, cross-sectional study, education, family history, fear, hepatitis B surface antigen, hope, housing, human, hypothesis, infection, information processing, liver cancer, liver disease, mass screening, model, physician, population group, prevalence, vaccine","pages":"S215","bibtex":"@article{tan_community-based_2014,\n\ttitle = {A community-based study of hepatitis b virus ({HBV}) infection, screening and vaccination among {Singaporeans}},\n\tvolume = {43},\n\tissn = {0304-4602},\n\turl = {http://www.annals.edu.sg/pdf/43VolNo9Sep2014/SHBC2014_Final.pdf http://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&PAGE=reference&D=emed15&NEWS=N&AN=71796470},\n\tabstract = {Background \\& Hypothesis: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is the most common cause of liver disease and liver cancer in Singapore, being endemic despite availability of an efficacious vaccine. In this study, we hope to assess the facilitators and barriers with respect to HBV screening and vaccination. Method(s): Using mixed methods analysis, focus group discussions were conducted alongside a cross-sectional study amongst 784 Singapore citizens and permanent residents aged 25 to 69 residing in Housing and Development Board (HDB) flats. Result(s): Amongst the respondents, 50.6\\% were screened and 37.8\\% were vaccinated. The self-reported prevalence of HBV infection was 3.4\\% and that of HBsAg seropositivity among those screened was 4.3\\%. Routine health screening was the most common reason cited for screening (32.9\\%) while doctors' recommendation was the most common reason for vaccination (42.7\\%). For both screening and vaccination, knowledge and cost were the top facilitators and barriers respectively. Multivariable regression models revealed the most significant factors associated with not undergoing screening to be poor knowledge (P {\\textless}0.001), fear of knowing their statuses (P = 0.001), lower annual dwelling value (P {\\textless}0.001) and absence of family history (P {\\textless}0.002), while that of not undergoing vaccination to be having not underwent screening (P {\\textless}0.001), lack of knowledge of the possibility of HBV causing liver cancer (P {\\textless}0.001), deterrence due to cost (P = 0.03) and lower education level (P {\\textless}0.001). Discussion \\& Conclusion(s): Several facilitators and barriers are seen to regulate health-seeking behaviour towards HBV infection. Public initiatives including education and financial relief targeting specific population groups should be considered to increase uptake rates of HBV screening and vaccination.},\n\tlanguage = {English},\n\tnumber = {9 SUPPL. 1},\n\tjournal = {Annals of the Academy of Medicine Singapore},\n\tauthor = {Tan, S. H. S. and Wang, D. B. and Azizah, N. and Tan, W. J. and Tan, Y. S. A. and Tam, C. C. and Tan, C. S. and Hildon, Z. J. L. and Fong, N. P.},\n\tyear = {2014},\n\tkeywords = {*Hepatitis B virus, *Singapore, *Singaporean, *community, *health, *screening, *vaccination, *virus infection, cross-sectional study, education, family history, fear, hepatitis B surface antigen, hope, housing, human, hypothesis, infection, information processing, liver cancer, liver disease, mass screening, model, physician, population group, prevalence, vaccine},\n\tpages = {S215},\n}\n\n","author_short":["Tan, S. H. S.","Wang, D. B.","Azizah, N.","Tan, W. J.","Tan, Y. S. A.","Tam, C. C.","Tan, C. 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