@article{10.3389/fimmu.2022.873985,
abstract = {BackgroundTuberculosis-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (TB-IRIS) is a clinical aggravation of TB symptoms observed among a fraction of HIV coinfected patients shortly after the start of antiretroviral therapy (ART). Of note, TB-IRIS is characterized by exacerbated inflammation and tissue damage that occurs in response to the elevated production of CD4+ T cell-derived IFN-$\gamma$. Nevertheless, the possible participation of CD8+ T cells in TB-IRIS development remains unclear.MethodsWe performed a comprehensive assessment of the composition of CD8+ T cell memory subsets and their association with circulating inflammation-related molecules in TB-HIV coinfected patients initiating ART.ResultsWe found that TB-IRIS individuals display higher frequencies of Antigen-experienced CD8+ T cells during the onset of IRIS and that the levels of these cells positively correlate with baseline mycobacterial smear grade. TB-IRIS individuals exhibited higher frequencies of effector memory and lower percentages of na{\"{i}}ve CD8+ T cells than their Non-IRIS counterparts. In both TB-IRIS and Non-IRIS patients, ART commencement was associated with fewer significant correlations among memory CD8+ T cells and cells from other immune compartments. Networks analysis revealed distinct patterns of correlation between each memory subset with inflammatory cytokines suggesting different dynamics of CD8+ T cell memory subsets reconstitution. TB-IRIS patients displayed lower levels of memory cells positive for CXCR3 (a chemokine receptor that plays a role in trafficking activated CD8+ T cells to the tissues) than Non-IRIS individuals before and after ART. Furthermore, we found that CXCR3+ na{\"{i}}ve CD8+ T cells were inversely associated with the risk of TB-IRIS development. On the other hand, we noticed that the frequencies of CXCR3+ effector CD8+ T cells were positively associated with the probability of TB-IRIS development.ConclusionOur data suggest that TB-IRIS individuals display a distinct profile of memory CD8+ T cell subsets reconstitution after ART initiation. Moreover, our data point to a differential association between the frequencies of CXCR3+ CD8+ T cells and the risk of TB-IRIS development. Collectively, our findings lend insights into the potential role of memory CD8+ T cells in TB-IRIS pathophysiology.},
author = {Tib{\'{u}}rcio, Rafael and Narendran, Gopalan and Barreto-Duarte, Beatriz and Queiroz, Artur T L and Ara{\'{u}}jo-Pereira, Mariana and Anbalagan, Selvaraj and Nayak, Kaustuv and Ravichandran, Narayanan and Subramani, Rajasekaran and Antonelli, Lis R V and Satagopan, Kumar and Anbalagan, Komathi and Porter, Brian O and Sher, Alan and Swaminathan, Soumya and Sereti, Irini and Andrade, Bruno B},
doi = {10.3389/fimmu.2022.873985},
file = {:C$\backslash$:/Users/01462563/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Tib{\'{u}}rcio et al. - 2022 - Frequency of CXCR3 CD8 T-lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood is associated with the risk of paradoxical tube.pdf:pdf},
issn = {1664-3224},
journal = {Frontiers in Immunology},
keywords = {OA,fund{\_}not{\_}ack,original},
mendeley-tags = {OA,fund{\_}not{\_}ack,original},
pages = {873985},
pmid = {35432354},
title = {{Frequency of CXCR3+ CD8+ T-lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood is associated with the risk of paradoxical tuberculosis-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome development in advanced HIV disease}},
url = {https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fimmu.2022.873985},
volume = {13},
year = {2022}
}

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Of note, TB-IRIS is characterized by exacerbated inflammation and tissue damage that occurs in response to the elevated production of CD4+ T cell-derived IFN-$γ$. Nevertheless, the possible participation of CD8+ T cells in TB-IRIS development remains unclear.MethodsWe performed a comprehensive assessment of the composition of CD8+ T cell memory subsets and their association with circulating inflammation-related molecules in TB-HIV coinfected patients initiating ART.ResultsWe found that TB-IRIS individuals display higher frequencies of Antigen-experienced CD8+ T cells during the onset of IRIS and that the levels of these cells positively correlate with baseline mycobacterial smear grade. TB-IRIS individuals exhibited higher frequencies of effector memory and lower percentages of naïve CD8+ T cells than their Non-IRIS counterparts. In both TB-IRIS and Non-IRIS patients, ART commencement was associated with fewer significant correlations among memory CD8+ T cells and cells from other immune compartments. Networks analysis revealed distinct patterns of correlation between each memory subset with inflammatory cytokines suggesting different dynamics of CD8+ T cell memory subsets reconstitution. TB-IRIS patients displayed lower levels of memory cells positive for CXCR3 (a chemokine receptor that plays a role in trafficking activated CD8+ T cells to the tissues) than Non-IRIS individuals before and after ART. Furthermore, we found that CXCR3+ naïve CD8+ T cells were inversely associated with the risk of TB-IRIS development. On the other hand, we noticed that the frequencies of CXCR3+ effector CD8+ T cells were positively associated with the probability of TB-IRIS development.ConclusionOur data suggest that TB-IRIS individuals display a distinct profile of memory CD8+ T cell subsets reconstitution after ART initiation. Moreover, our data point to a differential association between the frequencies of CXCR3+ CD8+ T cells and the risk of TB-IRIS development. Collectively, our findings lend insights into the potential role of memory CD8+ T cells in TB-IRIS pathophysiology.","author":[{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Tibúrcio"],"firstnames":["Rafael"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Narendran"],"firstnames":["Gopalan"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Barreto-Duarte"],"firstnames":["Beatriz"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Queiroz"],"firstnames":["Artur","T","L"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Araújo-Pereira"],"firstnames":["Mariana"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Anbalagan"],"firstnames":["Selvaraj"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Nayak"],"firstnames":["Kaustuv"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Ravichandran"],"firstnames":["Narayanan"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Subramani"],"firstnames":["Rajasekaran"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Antonelli"],"firstnames":["Lis","R","V"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Satagopan"],"firstnames":["Kumar"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Anbalagan"],"firstnames":["Komathi"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Porter"],"firstnames":["Brian","O"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Sher"],"firstnames":["Alan"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Swaminathan"],"firstnames":["Soumya"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Sereti"],"firstnames":["Irini"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Andrade"],"firstnames":["Bruno","B"],"suffixes":[]}],"doi":"10.3389/fimmu.2022.873985","file":":C$\\$:/Users/01462563/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Tibúrcio et al. - 2022 - Frequency of CXCR3 CD8 T-lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood is associated with the risk of paradoxical tube.pdf:pdf","issn":"1664-3224","journal":"Frontiers in Immunology","keywords":"OA,fund_not_ack,original","mendeley-tags":"OA,fund_not_ack,original","pages":"873985","pmid":"35432354","title":"Frequency of CXCR3+ CD8+ T-lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood is associated with the risk of paradoxical tuberculosis-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome development in advanced HIV disease","url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fimmu.2022.873985","volume":"13","year":"2022","bibtex":"@article{10.3389/fimmu.2022.873985,\r\nabstract = {BackgroundTuberculosis-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (TB-IRIS) is a clinical aggravation of TB symptoms observed among a fraction of HIV coinfected patients shortly after the start of antiretroviral therapy (ART). Of note, TB-IRIS is characterized by exacerbated inflammation and tissue damage that occurs in response to the elevated production of CD4+ T cell-derived IFN-$\\gamma$. Nevertheless, the possible participation of CD8+ T cells in TB-IRIS development remains unclear.MethodsWe performed a comprehensive assessment of the composition of CD8+ T cell memory subsets and their association with circulating inflammation-related molecules in TB-HIV coinfected patients initiating ART.ResultsWe found that TB-IRIS individuals display higher frequencies of Antigen-experienced CD8+ T cells during the onset of IRIS and that the levels of these cells positively correlate with baseline mycobacterial smear grade. TB-IRIS individuals exhibited higher frequencies of effector memory and lower percentages of na{\\\"{i}}ve CD8+ T cells than their Non-IRIS counterparts. In both TB-IRIS and Non-IRIS patients, ART commencement was associated with fewer significant correlations among memory CD8+ T cells and cells from other immune compartments. Networks analysis revealed distinct patterns of correlation between each memory subset with inflammatory cytokines suggesting different dynamics of CD8+ T cell memory subsets reconstitution. TB-IRIS patients displayed lower levels of memory cells positive for CXCR3 (a chemokine receptor that plays a role in trafficking activated CD8+ T cells to the tissues) than Non-IRIS individuals before and after ART. Furthermore, we found that CXCR3+ na{\\\"{i}}ve CD8+ T cells were inversely associated with the risk of TB-IRIS development. On the other hand, we noticed that the frequencies of CXCR3+ effector CD8+ T cells were positively associated with the probability of TB-IRIS development.ConclusionOur data suggest that TB-IRIS individuals display a distinct profile of memory CD8+ T cell subsets reconstitution after ART initiation. Moreover, our data point to a differential association between the frequencies of CXCR3+ CD8+ T cells and the risk of TB-IRIS development. Collectively, our findings lend insights into the potential role of memory CD8+ T cells in TB-IRIS pathophysiology.},\r\nauthor = {Tib{\\'{u}}rcio, Rafael and Narendran, Gopalan and Barreto-Duarte, Beatriz and Queiroz, Artur T L and Ara{\\'{u}}jo-Pereira, Mariana and Anbalagan, Selvaraj and Nayak, Kaustuv and Ravichandran, Narayanan and Subramani, Rajasekaran and Antonelli, Lis R V and Satagopan, Kumar and Anbalagan, Komathi and Porter, Brian O and Sher, Alan and Swaminathan, Soumya and Sereti, Irini and Andrade, Bruno B},\r\ndoi = {10.3389/fimmu.2022.873985},\r\nfile = {:C$\\backslash$:/Users/01462563/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Tib{\\'{u}}rcio et al. - 2022 - Frequency of CXCR3 CD8 T-lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood is associated with the risk of paradoxical tube.pdf:pdf},\r\nissn = {1664-3224},\r\njournal = {Frontiers in Immunology},\r\nkeywords = {OA,fund{\\_}not{\\_}ack,original},\r\nmendeley-tags = {OA,fund{\\_}not{\\_}ack,original},\r\npages = {873985},\r\npmid = {35432354},\r\ntitle = {{Frequency of CXCR3+ CD8+ T-lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood is associated with the risk of paradoxical tuberculosis-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome development in advanced HIV disease}},\r\nurl = {https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fimmu.2022.873985},\r\nvolume = {13},\r\nyear = {2022}\r\n}\r\n","author_short":["Tibúrcio, R.","Narendran, G.","Barreto-Duarte, B.","Queiroz, A. 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