Two-dimensional dopant profiling of a 60 nm gate length nMOSFET using scanning capacitance microscopy. Timp, W., O'Malley, M., Kleiman, R., & Garno, J. In Electron Devices Meeting, 1998. IEDM '98. Technical Digest., International, pages 555–558, December, 1998.
doi  abstract   bibtex   
It is now possible using scanning capacitance microscopy to directly obtain a two-dimensional profile of the doping in MOSFETs with gate lengths greater than 60 nm. We have accomplished this using highly doped, ultrasharp silicon cantilevers with a tip diameter of less than 10 nm. These tips provide images with very little voltage dependence (over a 1-2 V range), and improved resolution (\textless20 nm). The observed carrier density profiles correspond closely to die simulations of the dopant distribution and indicate that a straightforward interpretation of die image derived for ultra-sharp silicon tips is possible, in contrast to previous work on metal tips which manifested a dramatic voltage dependence and \textgreater30-50 nm resolution.
@inproceedings{timp_two-dimensional_1998,
	title = {Two-dimensional dopant profiling of a 60 nm gate length {nMOSFET} using scanning capacitance microscopy},
	doi = {10.1109/IEDM.1998.746419},
	abstract = {It is now possible using scanning capacitance microscopy to directly obtain a two-dimensional profile of the doping in MOSFETs with gate lengths greater than 60 nm. We have accomplished this using highly doped, ultrasharp silicon cantilevers with a tip diameter of less than 10 nm. These tips provide images with very little voltage dependence (over a 1-2 V range), and improved resolution ({\textless}20 nm). The observed carrier density profiles correspond closely to die simulations of the dopant distribution and indicate that a straightforward interpretation of die image derived for ultra-sharp silicon tips is possible, in contrast to previous work on metal tips which manifested a dramatic voltage dependence and {\textgreater}30-50 nm resolution.},
	booktitle = {Electron {Devices} {Meeting}, 1998. {IEDM} '98. {Technical} {Digest}., {International}},
	author = {Timp, W. and O'Malley, M.L. and Kleiman, R.N. and Garno, J.P.},
    author+an = {1=pi},
	month = dec,
	year = {1998},
	keywords = {1 to 2 V, 2D dopant profiling, 10 nm, 60 nm, capacitance, carrier density, carrier density profiles, dopant distribution, doping profiles, highly doped Si cantilever, Image resolution, microscopy, MOSFET, MOSFET circuits, n-channel MOSFET, nMOSFET, Paints, scanning capacitance microscopy, semiconductor device measurement, Silicon, Silver, two-dimensional dopant profiling, UHF measurements, ultra-sharp Si tips, Voltage},
	pages = {555--558},
	file = {IEEE Xplore Abstract Record:/Users/timp/Library/Application Support/Zotero/Profiles/lsaq8gr4.default/zotero/storage/97K4FC5Q/abs_all.html:text/html;IEEE Xplore Full Text PDF:/Users/timp/Library/Application Support/Zotero/Profiles/lsaq8gr4.default/zotero/storage/FWATDG3E/Timp et al. - 1998 - Two-dimensional dopant profiling of a 60 nm gate l.pdf:application/pdf}
}

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