The Beginning of Wisdom Is Never Calling a Patient a Borderline; or, The Clinical Management of Immature Defenses in the Treatment of Individuals With Personality Disorders. Vaillant, G. E The Journal of Psychotherapy Practice and Research, 1(2):117–134, 1992.
The Beginning of Wisdom Is Never Calling a Patient a Borderline; or, The Clinical Management of Immature Defenses in the Treatment of Individuals With Personality Disorders [link]Paper  abstract   bibtex   
In individual psychotherapy of personality disorders, patients’ uses of the less mature ego mechanisms of defense can detrimentally affect the intersubjective field. The diagnostic epithet "borderline" often reflects unconscious countertransference more than it does diagnostic precision. Psychotherapists can avoid the deleterious effects of such countertransference by being attentive to the ways their patients’ defensive styles affect the therapeutic dyad and by learning to collaborate with self-help groups. The author discusses strategies for managing in individual psychotherapy seven immature or image-distorting defense mechanisms: splitting, schizoid fantasy, hypochondriasis, projection, turning against the self acting out, and neurotic denial.
@article{vaillant_beginning_1992,
	title = {The {Beginning} of {Wisdom} {Is} {Never} {Calling} a {Patient} a {Borderline}; or, {The} {Clinical} {Management} of {Immature} {Defenses} in the {Treatment} of {Individuals} {With} {Personality} {Disorders}},
	volume = {1},
	issn = {1055-050X},
	url = {https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3330289/},
	abstract = {In individual psychotherapy of personality
disorders, patients’ uses of the less mature
ego mechanisms of defense can detrimentally
affect the intersubjective field. The diagnostic
epithet "borderline" often reflects unconscious countertransference more than it does
diagnostic precision. Psychotherapists can
avoid the deleterious effects of such countertransference by being attentive to the ways
their patients’ defensive styles affect the therapeutic dyad and by learning to collaborate
with self-help groups. The author discusses
strategies for managing in individual psychotherapy seven immature or image-distorting
defense mechanisms: splitting, schizoid fantasy, hypochondriasis, projection, turning
against the self acting out, and neurotic
denial.},
	number = {2},
	urldate = {2019-05-21},
	journal = {The Journal of Psychotherapy Practice and Research},
	author = {Vaillant, George E},
	year = {1992},
	pmid = {22700090},
	pmcid = {PMC3330289},
	pages = {117--134},
}

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