Gastroesophageal Reflux, as Measured By 24-Hour pH Monitoring, in 509 Healthy Infants Screened for Risk of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome. Vandenplas, Y., Goyvaerts, H., Helven, R., & Sacre, L. Pediatrics, 88(4):834, October, 1991.
Gastroesophageal Reflux, as Measured By 24-Hour pH Monitoring, in 509 Healthy Infants Screened for Risk of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome. [link]Paper  abstract   bibtex   
Abstract. Continuous long-term esophageal pH monitoring has become the preferred test to quantify acid gastroesophageal reflux. Because reflux to a limited extent is physiologic, the determination of optimal thresholds to separate normal from abnormal reflux is mandatory. Esophageal pH was measured during 24 hours in 509 healthy thriving infants, aged 3 days to 1 year, using a glass microelectrode with an external reference electrode connected to a portable recorder. Percentiles of the four parameters studied (reflux index or percent of the investigation time with a pH \textless 4, number of episodes with a pH \textless 4 during 24 hours, number of episodes lasting \textgreater5 minutes, the duration of the longest episode (in minutes)) are presented. A percentile curve of the reflux index regarding the age distribution shows that the normal range for the reflux index during the first 12 months of life is about 10% (95 percentile), decreasing from 13% at birth to 8% at 12 months. Application of an age-related percentile curve offers a closeto-reality possibility of data interpretation and illustrates that there is inevitably an overlap of data between normal and abnormal populations, because reflux is a phenomenon occurring to some extent in every human being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
@article{vandenplas_gastroesophageal_1991,
	title = {Gastroesophageal {Reflux}, as {Measured} {By} 24-{Hour} {pH} {Monitoring}, in 509 {Healthy} {Infants} {Screened} for {Risk} of {Sudden} {Infant} {Death} {Syndrome}.},
	volume = {88},
	issn = {00314005},
	url = {https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&AuthType=ip,uid&db=pbh&AN=4743808&site=ehost-live},
	abstract = {Abstract. Continuous long-term esophageal pH monitoring has become the preferred test to quantify acid gastroesophageal reflux. Because reflux to a limited extent is physiologic, the determination of optimal thresholds to separate normal from abnormal reflux is mandatory. Esophageal pH was measured during 24 hours in 509 healthy thriving infants, aged 3 days to 1 year, using a glass microelectrode with an external reference electrode connected to a portable recorder.  Percentiles of the four parameters studied (reflux index or percent of the investigation time with a pH {\textless} 4, number of episodes with a pH {\textless} 4 during 24 hours, number of episodes lasting {\textgreater}5 minutes, the duration of the longest episode (in minutes)) are presented. A percentile curve of the reflux index regarding the age distribution shows that the normal range for the reflux index during the first 12 months of life is about 10\% (95 percentile), decreasing from 13\% at birth to 8\% at 12 months. Application of an age-related percentile curve offers a closeto-reality possibility of data interpretation and illustrates that there is inevitably an overlap of data between normal and abnormal populations, because reflux is a phenomenon occurring to some extent in every human being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]},
	number = {4},
	journal = {Pediatrics},
	author = {Vandenplas, Yvan and Goyvaerts, Harry and Helven, Rudy and Sacre, Liliane},
	month = oct,
	year = {1991},
	keywords = {GASTROESOPHAGEAL reflux, SUDDEN infant death syndrome},
	pages = {834},
}

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