Attentive tracking of objects versus substances. VanMarle, K. & Scholl, B. J Psychol Sci, 14(5):498-504, 2003.
abstract   bibtex   
Recent research in vision science, infant cognition, and word learning suggests a special role for the processing of discrete objects. But what counts as an object? Answers to this question often depend on contrasting object-based processing with the processing of spatial areas or unbound visual features. In infant cognition and word learning, though, another salient contrast has been between rigid cohesive objects and nonsolid substances. Whereas objects may move from one location to another, a nonsolid substance must pour from one location to another. In the study reported here, we explored whether attentive tracking processes are sensitive to dynamic information of this type. Using a multiple-object tracking task, we found that subjects could easily track four items in a display of eight identical unpredictably moving entities that moved as discrete objects from one location to another, but could not track similar entities that noncohesively "poured" from one location to another-even when the items in both conditions followed the same trajectories at the same speeds. Other conditions revealed that this inability to track multiple "substances" stemmed not from violations of rigidity or cohesiveness per se, because subjects were able to track multiple noncohesive collections and multiple nonrigid deforming objects. Rather, the impairment was due to the dynamic extension and contraction during the substancelike motion, which rendered the location of the entity ambiguous. These results demonstrate a convergence between processes of midlevel adult vision and infant cognition, and in general help to clarify what can count as a persisting dynamic object of attention.
@Article{VanMarle2003,
  author   = {Kristy VanMarle and Brian J Scholl},
  journal  = {Psychol Sci},
  title    = {Attentive tracking of objects versus substances.},
  year     = {2003},
  number   = {5},
  pages    = {498-504},
  volume   = {14},
  abstract = {Recent research in vision science, infant cognition, and word learning
	suggests a special role for the processing of discrete objects. But
	what counts as an object? Answers to this question often depend on
	contrasting object-based processing with the processing of spatial
	areas or unbound visual features. In infant cognition and word learning,
	though, another salient contrast has been between rigid cohesive
	objects and nonsolid substances. Whereas objects may move from one
	location to another, a nonsolid substance must pour from one location
	to another. In the study reported here, we explored whether attentive
	tracking processes are sensitive to dynamic information of this type.
	Using a multiple-object tracking task, we found that subjects could
	easily track four items in a display of eight identical unpredictably
	moving entities that moved as discrete objects from one location
	to another, but could not track similar entities that noncohesively
	"poured" from one location to another-even when the items in both
	conditions followed the same trajectories at the same speeds. Other
	conditions revealed that this inability to track multiple "substances"
	stemmed not from violations of rigidity or cohesiveness per se, because
	subjects were able to track multiple noncohesive collections and
	multiple nonrigid deforming objects. Rather, the impairment was due
	to the dynamic extension and contraction during the substancelike
	motion, which rendered the location of the entity ambiguous. These
	results demonstrate a convergence between processes of midlevel adult
	vision and infant cognition, and in general help to clarify what
	can count as a persisting dynamic object of attention.},
  keywords = {Abscess, Adult, Age Factors, Animal, Animals, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Antimony Sodium Gluconate, Antineoplastic Agents, Antiviral Agents, Attention, Awareness, Axilla, Behavior, Biopsy, Bone and Bones, Breast Neoplasms, Carcinoma, Child Development, Chronic Disease, Clarithromycin, Cognition, Combined Modality Therapy, Computer-Assisted, Concept Formation, Consciousness, Cross Infection, Cues, Cytomegalovirus Infections, Discrimination (Psychology), Discrimination Learning, Distance Perception, Drainage, Ductal, Electrocoagulation, English Abstract, Extramural, Eye Movements, False Negative Reactions, Female, Field Dependence-Independence, Fine-Needle, Foscarnet, Ganciclovir, Health Care, Humans, Infant, Infant Behavior, Intervertebral Disk, Intraductal, Judgment, Legionnaires' Disease, Leishmaniasis, Liver Transplantation, Low Back Pain, Lumbar Vertebrae, Lymph Node Excision, Lymph Nodes, Lymphatic Metastasis, Macaca mulatta, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Mastitis, Memory, Middle Aged, Motion Perception, N.I.H., Neoadjuvant Therapy, Neoplasm Staging, Non-P.H.S., Non-U.S. Gov't, Noninfiltrating, Object Attachment, Optical Illusions, Orientation, Osteonecrosis, P.H.S., Pattern Recognition, Photic Stimulation, Postoperative Complications, Practice (Psychology), Practice Guidelines, Predictive Value of Tests, Problem Solving, Prognosis, Psychological Theory, Psychophysics, Puerperal Disorders, Quality Assurance, Reading, Reproducibility of Results, Research Support, Rotation, Schistosomicides, Semantics, Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy, Set (Psychology), Short-Term, Space Perception, Surgery, Switzerland, Treatment Outcome, U.S. Gov't, Unconscious (Psychology), Viral Load, Visceral, Visual, Visual Perception, 12930483},
}
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