A Symbiotic Relationship between Frog (Amphibia, Anura, Centrolenidae) and Fly Larvae (Drosophilidae). Villa, J. Journal of Herpetology, 11(3):317--322, 1977. Paper doi abstract bibtex A case of symbiosis between the centrolenid frog Centrolenella fleischmanni and the drosophilid fly Drosophila sp. nov. is documented. The fly lays her eggs near the surface of the frog's egg mass. Upon hatching, the larvae feed upon the frog embryos, killing many or all of them. Pupation occurs within the egg mass before the embryos hatch. Flies emerge about 10-13 days after the maggots hatch, and after the tadpoles have left the egg mass. For the "frogflies" the relationship appears to be obligatory, but not so for the frogs, which derive no obvious benefit from the association.
@article{villa_symbiotic_1977,
title = {A {Symbiotic} {Relationship} between {Frog} ({Amphibia}, {Anura}, {Centrolenidae}) and {Fly} {Larvae} ({Drosophilidae})},
volume = {11},
issn = {0022-1511},
url = {http://www.jstor.org/stable/1563244},
doi = {10.2307/1563244},
abstract = {A case of symbiosis between the centrolenid frog Centrolenella fleischmanni and the drosophilid fly Drosophila sp. nov. is documented. The fly lays her eggs near the surface of the frog's egg mass. Upon hatching, the larvae feed upon the frog embryos, killing many or all of them. Pupation occurs within the egg mass before the embryos hatch. Flies emerge about 10-13 days after the maggots hatch, and after the tadpoles have left the egg mass. For the "frogflies" the relationship appears to be obligatory, but not so for the frogs, which derive no obvious benefit from the association.},
number = {3},
urldate = {2016-11-01TZ},
journal = {Journal of Herpetology},
author = {Villa, Jaime},
year = {1977},
keywords = {Centrolenidae},
pages = {317--322}
}
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