Dynamic imaging with lanthanide chelates in normal brain: contrast due to magnetic susceptibility effects. Villringer, A, Rosen, B R, Belliveau, J W, Ackerman, J L, Lauffer, R B, Buxton, R B, Chao, Y S, Wedeen, V J, & Brady, T J Magnetic Resonance in Medicine: Official Journal of the Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine / Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, 6(2):164--174, February, 1988. ![Dynamic imaging with lanthanide chelates in normal brain: contrast due to magnetic susceptibility effects [link]](https://bibbase.org/img/filetypes/link.svg "link")
Paper abstract bibtex Using a one-dimensional rapid imaging technique, we have found that injection of lanthanide chelates such as Gd(DTPA)2- leads to a significant decrease (50%) in rat brain signal intensity at 1.45 T using T2-weighted pulse sequences; however, no effect of comparable size is observed with T1-weighted pulse sequences. The transient effect and its kinetics were followed with a temporal resolution of between 1 and 8 s. Experiments with different lanthanide chelates show that the observed decrease in signal intensity correlates with the magnetic moment of each agent but not with their longitudinal relaxivity. Three-dimensional chemical-shift resolved experiments demonstrate significant line broadening in brain during infusion with Dy(DTPA)2-. Our results show that the cause of this effect is the difference in susceptibility between the capillaries, containing the contrast agent, and the surrounding tissue. As a result of these susceptibility differences, field gradients are produced in the tissue and diffusion of water through these gradients leads to a loss of spin phase coherence and thus a decrease in signal intensity. We propose this as a new type of contrast agent mechanism in NMR. The effect and its kinetics are likely to be related to important physiological parameters such as cerebral blood volume and cerebral blood flow, and do not depend on a breakdown of the blood-brain barrier as do conventional contrast agent techniques.
@article{villringer_dynamic_1988,
title = {Dynamic imaging with lanthanide chelates in normal brain: contrast due to magnetic susceptibility effects},
volume = {6},
issn = {0740-3194},
shorttitle = {Dynamic imaging with lanthanide chelates in normal brain},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3367774},
abstract = {Using a one-dimensional rapid imaging technique, we have found that injection of lanthanide chelates such as Gd(DTPA)2- leads to a significant decrease (50\%) in rat brain signal intensity at 1.45 T using T2-weighted pulse sequences; however, no effect of comparable size is observed with T1-weighted pulse sequences. The transient effect and its kinetics were followed with a temporal resolution of between 1 and 8 s. Experiments with different lanthanide chelates show that the observed decrease in signal intensity correlates with the magnetic moment of each agent but not with their longitudinal relaxivity. Three-dimensional chemical-shift resolved experiments demonstrate significant line broadening in brain during infusion with Dy(DTPA)2-. Our results show that the cause of this effect is the difference in susceptibility between the capillaries, containing the contrast agent, and the surrounding tissue. As a result of these susceptibility differences, field gradients are produced in the tissue and diffusion of water through these gradients leads to a loss of spin phase coherence and thus a decrease in signal intensity. We propose this as a new type of contrast agent mechanism in NMR. The effect and its kinetics are likely to be related to important physiological parameters such as cerebral blood volume and cerebral blood flow, and do not depend on a breakdown of the blood-brain barrier as do conventional contrast agent techniques.},
number = {2},
urldate = {2010-09-17},
journal = {Magnetic Resonance in Medicine: Official Journal of the Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine / Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine},
author = {Villringer, A and Rosen, B R and Belliveau, J W and Ackerman, J L and Lauffer, R B and Buxton, R B and Chao, Y S and Wedeen, V J and Brady, T J},
month = feb,
year = {1988},
pmid = {3367774},
pages = {164--174},
file = {Dynamic imaging with lanthanide chelates in normal... [Magn Reson Med. 1988] - PubMed result:/Users/nickb/Zotero/storage/JQUIT23Z/pubmed.html:text/html;villringer1988.pdf:/Users/nickb/Zotero/storage/FMVATITX/villringer1988.pdf:application/pdf}
}
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