@techreport{
 title = {Networks of 'Things'},
 type = {techreport},
 year = {2016},
 identifiers = {[object Object]},
 keywords = {iot,iotsec,survey},
 issue = {SP.800-183},
 websites = {http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/NIST.SP.800-183},
 month = {7},
 institution = {National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)},
 id = {8d78b7de-1c50-38e5-bcd7-290dacd762ec},
 created = {2018-07-12T21:32:37.725Z},
 file_attached = {false},
 profile_id = {f954d000-ce94-3da6-bd26-b983145a920f},
 group_id = {b0b145a3-980e-3ad7-a16f-c93918c606ed},
 last_modified = {2018-07-12T21:32:37.725Z},
 read = {false},
 starred = {false},
 authored = {false},
 confirmed = {true},
 hidden = {false},
 citation_key = {voas:nist-things},
 source_type = {techreport},
 notes = {Details a framework for thinking about Internet of Things (IoT), where IoT is seen as a special case of Network of Things (NoT). ” IoT is an instantiation of a NoT, more specifically, IoT has its 'things' tethered to the Internet.” ” IoT involves sensing, computing, communication, and actuation.” But they provide no specific definition for IoT and indeed they recognize that there is no widely-accepted definition. There is not one IoT and not one NoT... indeed, some devices might be part of several such networks. ” The primitives of a NoT are: 1) Sensor, 2) Aggregator, 3) Communication channel, 4) external utility (eUtility), and 5) Decision trigger. There may be some NoTs that do not contain all of these, but that will be rare.” ” A sensor is an electronic utility that measures physical properties such as temperature, acceleration, weight, sound, location, presence, identity, etc.” ” An aggregator is a software implementation based on mathematical function(s) that transforms groups of raw data into intermediate, aggregated data.” ” A cluster [or sensor cluster] is an abstract grouping of sensors that can appear and disappear instantaneously.” ” Weight is the degree to which a particular sensor's data will impact an aggregator's computation.” ” A communication channel is a medium by which data is transmitted (e.g., physical via Universal Serial Bus (USB), wireless, wired, verbal, etc.).” ” An eUtility (external utility) is a software or hardware product or service.” for example, a cloud service that executes aggregators. ” A decision trigger creates the final result(s) needed to satisfy the purpose, specification, and requirements of a specific NoT.” They are a sort of if-then rule that receives data from aggregators and sometimes trigger actions as a result. He provides many observations about each primitive. He notes that security and reliability are a concern for each primitive, and gives examples on pp.20-21. ” To complete this model, we define six elements: environment, cost, geographic location, owner, Device_ID, and snapshot, that although are not primitives, are key players in trusting NoTs. These elements play a major role in fostering the degree of trustworthiness that a specific NoT can provide.” ” Trustworthiness includes attributes such as security, privacy, reliability, safety, availability, and performance, to name a few.”},
 private_publication = {false},
 abstract = {System primitives allow formalisms, reasoning, simulations, and reliability and security risk- tradeoffs to be formulated and argued. In this work, five core primitives belonging to most distributed systems are presented. These primitives apply well to systems with large amounts of data, scalability concerns, heterogeneity concerns, temporal concerns, and elements of unknown pedigree with possible nefarious intent. These primitives are the basic building blocks for a Network of 'Things' (NoT), including the Internet of Things (IoT). This document offers an underlying and foundational understanding of IoT based on the realization that IoT involves sensing, computing, communication, and actuation. The material presented here is generic to all distributed systems that employ IoT technologies (i.e., 'things' and networks). The expected audience is computer scientists, IT managers, networking specialists, and networking and cloud computing software engineers. To our knowledge, the ideas and the manner in which IoT is presented here is unique.},
 bibtype = {techreport},
 author = {Voas, Jeffrey}
}

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There is not one IoT and not one NoT... indeed, some devices might be part of several such networks. ” The primitives of a NoT are: 1) Sensor, 2) Aggregator, 3) Communication channel, 4) external utility (eUtility), and 5) Decision trigger. There may be some NoTs that do not contain all of these, but that will be rare.” ” A sensor is an electronic utility that measures physical properties such as temperature, acceleration, weight, sound, location, presence, identity, etc.” ” An aggregator is a software implementation based on mathematical function(s) that transforms groups of raw data into intermediate, aggregated data.” ” A cluster [or sensor cluster] is an abstract grouping of sensors that can appear and disappear instantaneously.” ” Weight is the degree to which a particular sensor's data will impact an aggregator's computation.” ” A communication channel is a medium by which data is transmitted (e.g., physical via Universal Serial Bus (USB), wireless, wired, verbal, etc.).” ” An eUtility (external utility) is a software or hardware product or service.” for example, a cloud service that executes aggregators. ” A decision trigger creates the final result(s) needed to satisfy the purpose, specification, and requirements of a specific NoT.” They are a sort of if-then rule that receives data from aggregators and sometimes trigger actions as a result. 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