Cassini Finds Molecular Hydrogen in the Enceladus Plume: Evidence for Hydrothermal Processes. Waite, J H., Glein, C. R, Perryman, R. S, Teolis, B. D, Magee, B. A, Miller, G., Grimes, J., Perry, M. E, Miller, K. E, Bouquet, A., Lunine, J. I, Brockwell, T., & Bolton, S. J 356(6334):155–159.
Cassini Finds Molecular Hydrogen in the Enceladus Plume: Evidence for Hydrothermal Processes [link]Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   
Saturn's moon Enceladus has an ice-covered ocean; a plume of material erupts from cracks in the ice. The plume contains chemical signatures of water-rock interaction between the ocean and a rocky core. We used the Ion Neutral Mass Spectrometer onboard the Cassini spacecraft to detect molecular hydrogen in the plume. By using the instrument's open-source mode, background processes of hydrogen production in the instrument were minimized and quantified, enabling the identification of a statistically significant signal of hydrogen native to Enceladus. We find that the most plausible source of this hydrogen is ongoing hydrothermal reactions of rock containing reduced minerals and organic materials. The relatively high hydrogen abundance in the plume signals thermodynamic disequilibrium that favors the formation of methane from CO2 in Enceladus' ocean.
@article{waiteCassiniFindsMolecular2017,
  title = {Cassini Finds Molecular Hydrogen in the {{Enceladus}} Plume: {{Evidence}} for Hydrothermal Processes},
  volume = {356},
  issn = {0036-8075},
  url = {http://www.sciencemag.org/lookup/doi/10.1126/science.aai8703},
  doi = {10.1126/science.aai8703},
  abstract = {Saturn's moon Enceladus has an ice-covered ocean; a plume of material erupts from cracks in the ice. The plume contains chemical signatures of water-rock interaction between the ocean and a rocky core. We used the Ion Neutral Mass Spectrometer onboard the Cassini spacecraft to detect molecular hydrogen in the plume. By using the instrument's open-source mode, background processes of hydrogen production in the instrument were minimized and quantified, enabling the identification of a statistically significant signal of hydrogen native to Enceladus. We find that the most plausible source of this hydrogen is ongoing hydrothermal reactions of rock containing reduced minerals and organic materials. The relatively high hydrogen abundance in the plume signals thermodynamic disequilibrium that favors the formation of methane from CO2 in Enceladus' ocean.},
  number = {6334},
  journaltitle = {Science},
  date = {2017},
  pages = {155--159},
  author = {Waite, J Hunter and Glein, Christopher R and Perryman, Rebecca S and Teolis, Ben D and Magee, Brian A and Miller, Greg and Grimes, Jacob and Perry, Mark E and Miller, Kelly E and Bouquet, Alexis and Lunine, Jonathan I and Brockwell, Tim and Bolton, Scott J},
  file = {/home/dimitri/Nextcloud/Zotero/storage/6KEZYGRY/Waite et al. - Unknown - Cassini finds molecular hydrogen in the Enceladus plume Evidence for hydrothermal processes.pdf}
}

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