Systematics and Floral Evolution in Fraxinus (Oleaceae). Wallander, E. 2012:38–58.
Systematics and Floral Evolution in Fraxinus (Oleaceae) [pdf]Paper  abstract   bibtex   
The genus Fraxinus is one of 24 genera in the family Oleaceae. Fraxinus currently consists of 48 accepted tree and shrubby species distributed from the tropics to temperate regions of the northern hemisphere. About one third of the species is insect-pollinated and has small, white, scented flowers borne many together in showy terminal panicles. The other two thirds are wind-pollinated, with apetalous and usually unisexual flowers borne in tight lateral panicles or racemes. Unisexual flowers have evolved on three separate occasions from bisexual ones in wind-pollinated species. The genus is divided into six sections: Fraxinus, Sdadantbus, Paudflorae, Melioides, Ornus and Dipetalae.These sections contain 45 species plus a few recognised subspecies. Three species are unclassified due to uncertain positions in the phylogenetic tree. This latest classification of the genus is based on an updated version of WALLANDER'S (2008) phylogenetic tree, which is based both on molecular and morphological data. A key to the sections is given as well as a systematic table with all accepted tan, common syno-nyms and geographic distribution. Each section is presented along with some common, botanically interesting or commercially important species.

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