Die Blumen-Esche Fraxinus Ornus Am Nördlichen Alpenostrand. Wallmann, T. & Stingl, R. 6:183–296.
Die Blumen-Esche Fraxinus Ornus Am Nördlichen Alpenostrand [pdf]Paper  abstract   bibtex   
In 1957, Alfred Neumann found a few specimens of Fraxinus ornus in a forest of mainly Austrian Pine close to Bad Vöslau, which before had never been recorded for the Vienna Woods. Differential characters against F. excelsior are documented. Fraxinus ornus prooves to be androdioecious. By mapping, coenological and dendrochronological methods, and considering forestry documents, the spreading of this tree species is documented and evaluated. Though climatic data and the occurrence of several other sub-Mediterranean-centred plant species, such as Sorbus domestica, Prunus mahaleb, Cotinus coggygria and Piptatherum virescens, suggest autochthonous status, there is much evidence that F. ornus has strongly expanded its population during the past 50 years. It is not restricted to a particular forest community, neither to Quercus pubescens forest nor to primary forests of Pinus nigra. It is true that F. ornus behaves pioneer-tree-like, being distinctly more droughtresistent than F. excelsior. It grows in oak and pine forests as well as in appropriate habitats together with Carpinus betulus, Tilia cordata, and Fagus sylvatica. Its invasive spreading, seemingly, so far still has not come to an end.

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