Gut-microbiota-targeted diets modulate human immune status. Wastyk, H. C., Fragiadakis, G. K., Perelman, D., Dahan, D., Merrill, B. D., Yu, F. B., Topf, M., Gonzalez, C. G., Van Treuren, W., Han, S., Robinson, J. L., Elias, J. E., Sonnenburg, E. D., Gardner, C. D., & Sonnenburg, J. L. Cell, 184(16):4137–4153.e14, August, 2021.
Gut-microbiota-targeted diets modulate human immune status [link]Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   
Diet modulates the gut microbiome, which in turn can impact the immune system. Here, we determined how two microbiota-targeted dietary interventions, plant-based fiber and fermented foods, influence the human microbiome and immune system in healthy adults. Using a 17-week randomized, prospective study (n = 18/ arm) combined with -omics measurements of microbiome and host, including extensive immune profiling, we found diet-specific effects. The high-fiber diet increased microbiome-encoded glycan-degrading carbohydrate active enzymes (CAZymes) despite stable microbial community diversity. Although cytokine response score (primary outcome) was unchanged, three distinct immunological trajectories in high-fiber consumers corresponded to baseline microbiota diversity. Alternatively, the high-fermented-food diet steadily increased microbiota diversity and decreased inflammatory markers. The data highlight how coupling dietary interventions to deep and longitudinal immune and microbiome profiling can provide individualized and populationwide insight. Fermented foods may be valuable in countering the decreased microbiome diversity and increased inflammation pervasive in industrialized society.
@article{wastyk_gut-microbiota-targeted_2021,
	title = {Gut-microbiota-targeted diets modulate human immune status},
	volume = {184},
	copyright = {All rights reserved},
	issn = {00928674},
	url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0092867421007546},
	doi = {10.1016/j.cell.2021.06.019},
	abstract = {Diet modulates the gut microbiome, which in turn can impact the immune system. Here, we determined how two microbiota-targeted dietary interventions, plant-based fiber and fermented foods, influence the human microbiome and immune system in healthy adults. Using a 17-week randomized, prospective study (n = 18/ arm) combined with -omics measurements of microbiome and host, including extensive immune profiling, we found diet-specific effects. The high-fiber diet increased microbiome-encoded glycan-degrading carbohydrate active enzymes (CAZymes) despite stable microbial community diversity. Although cytokine response score (primary outcome) was unchanged, three distinct immunological trajectories in high-fiber consumers corresponded to baseline microbiota diversity. Alternatively, the high-fermented-food diet steadily increased microbiota diversity and decreased inflammatory markers. The data highlight how coupling dietary interventions to deep and longitudinal immune and microbiome profiling can provide individualized and populationwide insight. Fermented foods may be valuable in countering the decreased microbiome diversity and increased inflammation pervasive in industrialized society.},
	language = {en},
	number = {16},
	urldate = {2021-10-16},
	journal = {Cell},
	author = {Wastyk, Hannah C. and Fragiadakis, Gabriela K. and Perelman, Dalia and Dahan, Dylan and Merrill, Bryan D. and Yu, Feiqiao B. and Topf, Madeline and Gonzalez, Carlos G. and Van Treuren, William and Han, Shuo and Robinson, Jennifer L. and Elias, Joshua E. and Sonnenburg, Erica D. and Gardner, Christopher D. and Sonnenburg, Justin L.},
	month = aug,
	year = {2021},
	pages = {4137--4153.e14},
}
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