@article{watson2009serotonin,
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Serotonin signaling influences social behavior in both human and nonhuman primates. In humans, variation upstream of the promoter region of the serotonin transporter gene (5-HTTLPR) has recently been shown to influence both behavioral measures of social anxiety and amygdala response to social threats. Here we show that length polymorphisms in 5-HTTLPR predict social reward and punishment in rhesus macaques, a species in which 5-HTTLPR variation is analogous to that of humans.$\backslash$n$\backslash$nMETHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: In contrast to monkeys with two copies of the long allele (L/L), monkeys with one copy of the short allele of this gene (S/L) spent less time gazing at face than non-face images, less time looking in the eye region of faces, and had larger pupil diameters when gazing at photos of a high versus low status male macaques. Moreover, in a novel primed gambling task, presentation of photos of high status male macaques promoted risk-aversion in S/L monkeys but promoted risk-seeking in L/L monkeys. Finally, as measured by a "pay-per-view" task, S/L monkeys required juice payment to view photos of high status males, whereas L/L monkeys sacrificed fluid to see the same photos.$\backslash$n$\backslash$nCONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: These data indicate that genetic variation in serotonin function contributes to social reward and punishment in rhesus macaques, and thus shapes social behavior in humans and rhesus macaques alike.},
author = {Watson, Karli K. and Ghodasra, Jason H. and Platt, Michael L.},
doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0004156},
isbn = {1932-6203 (Electronic)},
issn = {19326203},
journal = {PLoS ONE},
number = {1},
pmid = {19142220},
title = {{Serotonin transporter genotype modulates social reward and punishment in rhesus macaques}},
volume = {4},
year = {2009}
}

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