Nitric Oxide–Triggered Remodeling of Chloroplast Bioenergetics and Thylakoid Proteins upon Nitrogen Starvation in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii

Nitric Oxide–Triggered Remodeling of Chloroplast Bioenergetics and Thylakoid Proteins upon Nitrogen Starvation in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Wei, L., Derrien, B., Gautier, A., Houille-Vernes, L., Boulouis, A., Saint-Marcoux, D., Malnoë, A., Rappaport, F., de Vitry, C., Vallon, O., Choquet, Y., & Wollman, F. The Plant Cell, 26(1):353–372, February, 2014.

Paper doi abstract bibtex

Abstract Starving microalgae for nitrogen sources is commonly used as a biotechnological tool to boost storage of reduced carbon into starch granules or lipid droplets, but the accompanying changes in bioenergetics have been little studied so far. Here, we report that the selective depletion of Rubisco and cytochrome b 6 f complex that occurs when Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is starved for nitrogen in the presence of acetate and under normoxic conditions is accompanied by a marked increase in chlororespiratory enzymes, which converts the photosynthetic thylakoid membrane into an intracellular matrix for oxidative catabolism of reductants. Cytochrome b 6 f subunits and most proteins specifically involved in their biogenesis are selectively degraded, mainly by the FtsH and Clp chloroplast proteases. This regulated degradation pathway does not require light, active photosynthesis, or state transitions but is prevented when respiration is impaired or under phototrophic conditions. We provide genetic and pharmacological evidence that NO production from intracellular nitrite governs this degradation pathway: Addition of a NO scavenger and of two distinct NO producers decrease and increase, respectively, the rate of cytochrome b 6 f degradation; NO-sensitive fluorescence probes, visualized by confocal microscopy, demonstrate that nitrogen-starved cells produce NO only when the cytochrome b 6 f degradation pathway is activated.

@article{wei_nitric_2014,
	title = {Nitric {Oxide}–{Triggered} {Remodeling} of {Chloroplast} {Bioenergetics} and {Thylakoid} {Proteins} upon {Nitrogen} {Starvation} in \textit{{Chlamydomonas} reinhardtii}},
	volume = {26},
	issn = {1532-298X, 1040-4651},
	url = {https://academic.oup.com/plcell/article/26/1/353/6102308},
	doi = {10/gj6zmv},
	abstract = {Abstract
            Starving microalgae for nitrogen sources is commonly used as a biotechnological tool to boost storage of reduced carbon into starch granules or lipid droplets, but the accompanying changes in bioenergetics have been little studied so far. Here, we report that the selective depletion of Rubisco and cytochrome b  6  f complex that occurs when Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is starved for nitrogen in the presence of acetate and under normoxic conditions is accompanied by a marked increase in chlororespiratory enzymes, which converts the photosynthetic thylakoid membrane into an intracellular matrix for oxidative catabolism of reductants. Cytochrome b  6  f subunits and most proteins specifically involved in their biogenesis are selectively degraded, mainly by the FtsH and Clp chloroplast proteases. This regulated degradation pathway does not require light, active photosynthesis, or state transitions but is prevented when respiration is impaired or under phototrophic conditions. We provide genetic and pharmacological evidence that NO production from intracellular nitrite governs this degradation pathway: Addition of a NO scavenger and of two distinct NO producers decrease and increase, respectively, the rate of cytochrome b  6  f degradation; NO-sensitive fluorescence probes, visualized by confocal microscopy, demonstrate that nitrogen-starved cells produce NO only when the cytochrome b  6  f degradation pathway is activated.},
	language = {en},
	number = {1},
	urldate = {2021-06-08},
	journal = {The Plant Cell},
	author = {Wei, Lili and Derrien, Benoit and Gautier, Arnaud and Houille-Vernes, Laura and Boulouis, Alix and Saint-Marcoux, Denis and Malnoë, Alizée and Rappaport, Fabrice and de Vitry, Catherine and Vallon, Olivier and Choquet, Yves and Wollman, Francis-André},
	month = feb,
	year = {2014},
	pages = {353--372},
}

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Here, we report that the selective depletion of Rubisco and cytochrome b 6 f complex that occurs when Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is starved for nitrogen in the presence of acetate and under normoxic conditions is accompanied by a marked increase in chlororespiratory enzymes, which converts the photosynthetic thylakoid membrane into an intracellular matrix for oxidative catabolism of reductants. Cytochrome b 6 f subunits and most proteins specifically involved in their biogenesis are selectively degraded, mainly by the FtsH and Clp chloroplast proteases. This regulated degradation pathway does not require light, active photosynthesis, or state transitions but is prevented when respiration is impaired or under phototrophic conditions. 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