Risk of SARS-CoV-2 Infection Among Essential Workers in a Community-Based Cohort in the United States

Risk of SARS-CoV-2 Infection Among Essential Workers in a Community-Based Cohort in the United States. Wei, C., Lan, F., Hsu, Y., Lowery, N., Dibona, L., Akkeh, R., Kales, S. N., & Yang, J. Frontiers in Public Health, 10:878208, May, 2022.

Paper doi abstract bibtex

Objectives The objective of this paper is to identify the risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection that are related to occupation type as well as workplace conditions. Identifying such risk factors could have noteworthy implications in workplace safety enhancement and emergency preparedness planning for essential workers. Methods We conducted a retrospective analysis of visits at a community-based SARS-CoV-2 testing site in the greater Boston area between March 18 th and June 19 th , 2020, for individuals between 14 and 65 years of age. Nasopharyngeal swab specimen, medical review, and self-administered questionnaire were obtained, and SARS-CoV-2 infection was determined with real-time, reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Medical record-verified job classification, customer-facing, and work patterns were extracted from each individual's response through chart review and validated by licensed clinicians. The occupational patterns were coded by occupational medicine physicians with pre-specified criteria and were analyzed with logistic regression and inverse probability weighting. Results Among the 780 individuals included in the final analysis, working in healthcare-related jobs was associated with a four-fold increase in risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection (Adjusted OR: 4.00, 95% CI: 1.45–11.02). Individuals with customer-facing jobs had a two times risk increase (Adjusted OR: 1.97, 95% CI: 1.12–3.45) in having a positive SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR assay result compared to participants with non-customer facing positions. Conclusions In this U.S. community-based population during the initial wave of the pandemic, a significant increase in risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection was observed in those employed in the healthcare sector or with customer-facing positions. Further research is warranted to determine if these correlations continued with the buildup of population immunity together with the attenuation of SARS-CoV-2 virulence.

@article{wei_risk_2022,
	title = {Risk of {SARS}-{CoV}-2 {Infection} {Among} {Essential} {Workers} in a {Community}-{Based} {Cohort} in the {United} {States}},
	volume = {10},
	issn = {2296-2565},
	url = {https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2022.878208/full},
	doi = {10.3389/fpubh.2022.878208},
	abstract = {Objectives
              The objective of this paper is to identify the risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection that are related to occupation type as well as workplace conditions. Identifying such risk factors could have noteworthy implications in workplace safety enhancement and emergency preparedness planning for essential workers.
            
            
              Methods
              
                We conducted a retrospective analysis of visits at a community-based SARS-CoV-2 testing site in the greater Boston area between March 18
                th
                and June 19
                th
                , 2020, for individuals between 14 and 65 years of age. Nasopharyngeal swab specimen, medical review, and self-administered questionnaire were obtained, and SARS-CoV-2 infection was determined with real-time, reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Medical record-verified job classification, customer-facing, and work patterns were extracted from each individual's response through chart review and validated by licensed clinicians. The occupational patterns were coded by occupational medicine physicians with pre-specified criteria and were analyzed with logistic regression and inverse probability weighting.
              
            
            
              Results
              Among the 780 individuals included in the final analysis, working in healthcare-related jobs was associated with a four-fold increase in risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection (Adjusted OR: 4.00, 95\% CI: 1.45–11.02). Individuals with customer-facing jobs had a two times risk increase (Adjusted OR: 1.97, 95\% CI: 1.12–3.45) in having a positive SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR assay result compared to participants with non-customer facing positions.
            
            
              Conclusions
              In this U.S. community-based population during the initial wave of the pandemic, a significant increase in risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection was observed in those employed in the healthcare sector or with customer-facing positions. Further research is warranted to determine if these correlations continued with the buildup of population immunity together with the attenuation of SARS-CoV-2 virulence.},
	urldate = {2022-05-19},
	journal = {Frontiers in Public Health},
	author = {Wei, Chih-Fu and Lan, Fan-Yun and Hsu, Yu-Tien and Lowery, Nina and Dibona, Lauren and Akkeh, Ream and Kales, Stefanos N. and Yang, Justin},
	month = may,
	year = {2022},
	pmcid = {PMC9169416},
	pmid = {35677773},
	keywords = {COVID-19},
	pages = {878208},
}

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Methods We conducted a retrospective analysis of visits at a community-based SARS-CoV-2 testing site in the greater Boston area between March 18 th and June 19 th , 2020, for individuals between 14 and 65 years of age. Nasopharyngeal swab specimen, medical review, and self-administered questionnaire were obtained, and SARS-CoV-2 infection was determined with real-time, reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Medical record-verified job classification, customer-facing, and work patterns were extracted from each individual's response through chart review and validated by licensed clinicians. The occupational patterns were coded by occupational medicine physicians with pre-specified criteria and were analyzed with logistic regression and inverse probability weighting. Results Among the 780 individuals included in the final analysis, working in healthcare-related jobs was associated with a four-fold increase in risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection (Adjusted OR: 4.00, 95% CI: 1.45–11.02). Individuals with customer-facing jobs had a two times risk increase (Adjusted OR: 1.97, 95% CI: 1.12–3.45) in having a positive SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR assay result compared to participants with non-customer facing positions. Conclusions In this U.S. community-based population during the initial wave of the pandemic, a significant increase in risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection was observed in those employed in the healthcare sector or with customer-facing positions. Further research is warranted to determine if these correlations continued with the buildup of population immunity together with the attenuation of SARS-CoV-2 virulence.","urldate":"2022-05-19","journal":"Frontiers in Public Health","author":[{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Wei"],"firstnames":["Chih-Fu"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Lan"],"firstnames":["Fan-Yun"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Hsu"],"firstnames":["Yu-Tien"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Lowery"],"firstnames":["Nina"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Dibona"],"firstnames":["Lauren"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Akkeh"],"firstnames":["Ream"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Kales"],"firstnames":["Stefanos","N."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Yang"],"firstnames":["Justin"],"suffixes":[]}],"month":"May","year":"2022","pmcid":"PMC9169416","pmid":"35677773","keywords":"COVID-19","pages":"878208","bibtex":"@article{wei_risk_2022,\n\ttitle = {Risk of {SARS}-{CoV}-2 {Infection} {Among} {Essential} {Workers} in a {Community}-{Based} {Cohort} in the {United} {States}},\n\tvolume = {10},\n\tissn = {2296-2565},\n\turl = {https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2022.878208/full},\n\tdoi = {10.3389/fpubh.2022.878208},\n\tabstract = {Objectives\n The objective of this paper is to identify the risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection that are related to occupation type as well as workplace conditions. Identifying such risk factors could have noteworthy implications in workplace safety enhancement and emergency preparedness planning for essential workers.\n \n \n Methods\n \n We conducted a retrospective analysis of visits at a community-based SARS-CoV-2 testing site in the greater Boston area between March 18\n th\n and June 19\n th\n , 2020, for individuals between 14 and 65 years of age. Nasopharyngeal swab specimen, medical review, and self-administered questionnaire were obtained, and SARS-CoV-2 infection was determined with real-time, reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Medical record-verified job classification, customer-facing, and work patterns were extracted from each individual's response through chart review and validated by licensed clinicians. The occupational patterns were coded by occupational medicine physicians with pre-specified criteria and were analyzed with logistic regression and inverse probability weighting.\n \n \n \n Results\n Among the 780 individuals included in the final analysis, working in healthcare-related jobs was associated with a four-fold increase in risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection (Adjusted OR: 4.00, 95\\% CI: 1.45–11.02). Individuals with customer-facing jobs had a two times risk increase (Adjusted OR: 1.97, 95\\% CI: 1.12–3.45) in having a positive SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR assay result compared to participants with non-customer facing positions.\n \n \n Conclusions\n In this U.S. community-based population during the initial wave of the pandemic, a significant increase in risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection was observed in those employed in the healthcare sector or with customer-facing positions. 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