Leverage Points for Improving Global Food Security and the Environment. West, P. C., Gerber, J. S., Engstrom, P. M., Mueller, N. D., Brauman, K. A., Carlson, K. M., Cassidy, E. S., Johnston, M., MacDonald, G. K., Ray, D. K., & Siebert, S. 345(6194):325–328.
Leverage Points for Improving Global Food Security and the Environment [link]Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   
[How to optimize global food production] Keeping societies stable and managing Earth's resources sustainably depend on doing a good, steady job producing and distributing food. West et al. asked what combinations of crops and regions offer the best chance of progress. Their analysis focused on reducing greenhouse gas emissions, nutrient pollution, water use, and food waste. They identify regions that are likely to yield the best balance between applying fertilizer to increase crop yields versus the resulting environmental impact. [Abstract] Achieving sustainable global food security is one of humanity's contemporary challenges. Here we present an analysis identifying key ” global leverage points” that offer the best opportunities to improve both global food security and environmental sustainability. We find that a relatively small set of places and actions could provide enough new calories to meet the basic needs for more than 3 billion people, address many environmental impacts with global consequences, and focus food waste reduction on the commodities with the greatest impact on food security. These leverage points in the global food system can help guide how nongovernmental organizations, foundations, governments, citizens' groups, and businesses prioritize actions.
@article{westLeveragePointsImproving2014,
  title = {Leverage Points for Improving Global Food Security and the Environment},
  author = {West, Paul C. and Gerber, James S. and Engstrom, Peder M. and Mueller, Nathaniel D. and Brauman, Kate A. and Carlson, Kimberly M. and Cassidy, Emily S. and Johnston, Matt and MacDonald, Graham K. and Ray, Deepak K. and Siebert, Stefan},
  date = {2014},
  journaltitle = {Science},
  volume = {345},
  pages = {325--328},
  issn = {1095-9203},
  doi = {10.1126/science.1246067},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1246067},
  abstract = {[How to optimize global food production]

Keeping societies stable and managing Earth's resources sustainably depend on doing a good, steady job producing and distributing food. West et al. asked what combinations of crops and regions offer the best chance of progress. Their analysis focused on reducing greenhouse gas emissions, nutrient pollution, water use, and food waste. They identify regions that are likely to yield the best balance between applying fertilizer to increase crop yields versus the resulting environmental impact.

[Abstract]

Achieving sustainable global food security is one of humanity's contemporary challenges. Here we present an analysis identifying key ” global leverage points” that offer the best opportunities to improve both global food security and environmental sustainability. We find that a relatively small set of places and actions could provide enough new calories to meet the basic needs for more than 3 billion people, address many environmental impacts with global consequences, and focus food waste reduction on the commodities with the greatest impact on food security. These leverage points in the global food system can help guide how nongovernmental organizations, foundations, governments, citizens' groups, and businesses prioritize actions.},
  keywords = {*imported-from-citeulike-INRMM,~INRMM-MiD:c-14007219,agricultural-resources,anthropogenic-impacts,fertilization,food-security,ghg,pollution,soil-pollution,water-resources,yield},
  number = {6194}
}

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