Transcriptome-Based Network Analysis Reveals a Spectrum Model of Human Macrophage Activation. Xue, J., Schmidt, S. V, Sander, J., Draffehn, A., Krebs, W., Quester, I., Nardo, D. D., Gohel, T. D, Emde, M., Schmidleithner, L., Ganesan, H., Nino-Castro, A., Mallmann, M. R, Labzin, L., Theis, H., Kraut, M., Beyer, M., Latz, E., Freeman, T. C, Ulas, T., & Schultze, J. L Immunity, February, 2014.
Transcriptome-Based Network Analysis Reveals a Spectrum Model of Human Macrophage Activation. [link]Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   
Macrophage activation is associated with profound transcriptional reprogramming. Although much progress has been made in the understanding of macrophage activation, polarization, and function, the transcriptional programs regulating these processes remain poorly characterized. We stimulated human macrophages with diverse activation signals, acquiring a data set of 299 macrophage transcriptomes. Analysis of this data set revealed a spectrum of macrophage activation states extending the current M1 versus M2-polarization model. Network analyses identified central transcriptional regulators associated with all macrophage activation complemented by regulators related to stimulus-specific programs. Applying these transcriptional programs to human alveolar macrophages from smokers and patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) revealed an unexpected loss of inflammatory signatures in COPD patients. Finally, by integrating murine data from the ImmGen project we propose a refined, activation-independent core signature for human and murine macrophages. This resource serves as a framework for future research into regulation of macrophage activation in health and disease.
@article{Xue2014TranscriptomeBasedNetwork,
  abstract = {Macrophage activation is associated with profound transcriptional
	reprogramming. Although much progress has been made in the understanding
	of macrophage activation, polarization, and function, the transcriptional
	programs regulating these processes remain poorly characterized.
	We stimulated human macrophages with diverse activation signals,
	acquiring a data set of 299 macrophage transcriptomes. Analysis of
	this data set revealed a spectrum of macrophage activation states
	extending the current M1 versus M2-polarization model. Network analyses
	identified central transcriptional regulators associated with all
	macrophage activation complemented by regulators related to stimulus-specific
	programs. Applying these transcriptional programs to human alveolar
	macrophages from smokers and patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary
	disease (COPD) revealed an unexpected loss of inflammatory signatures
	in COPD patients. Finally, by integrating murine data from the ImmGen
	project we propose a refined, activation-independent core signature
	for human and murine macrophages. This resource serves as a framework
	for future research into regulation of macrophage activation in health
	and disease.},
  added-at = {2014-06-10T12:32:01.000+0200},
  author = {Xue, Jia and Schmidt, Susanne V and Sander, Jil and Draffehn, Astrid and Krebs, Wolfgang and Quester, Inga and Nardo, Dominic De and Gohel, Trupti D and Emde, Martina and Schmidleithner, Lisa and Ganesan, Hariharasudan and Nino-Castro, Andrea and Mallmann, Michael R and Labzin, Larisa and Theis, Heidi and Kraut, Michael and Beyer, Marc and Latz, Eicke and Freeman, Tom C and Ulas, Thomas and Schultze, Joachim L},
  biburl = {http://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2856bd8c79c1dcb76c3926b3fbf546e51/gwotto},
  doi = {10.1016/j.immuni.2014.01.006},
  file = {:Xue2014TranscriptomeBasedNetwork.pdf:PDF;:/home/gotto/references/library/supplementary data/Xue2014TranscriptomeBasedNetwork-sd.pdf:PDF},
  institution = {Genomics and Immunoregulation, LIMES-Institute, University of Bonn,	53115 Bonn, Germany. Electronic address: j.schultze@uni-bonn.de.},
  interhash = {382c536f5cb14d81542ace0829c2f09c},
  intrahash = {856bd8c79c1dcb76c3926b3fbf546e51},
  journal = {Immunity},
  keywords = {genomics},
  language = {eng},
  medline-pst = {aheadofprint},
  month = feb,
  owner = {gotto},
  pii = {S1074-7613(14)00034-X},
  pmid = {24530056},
  timestamp = {2014-06-10T12:32:01.000+0200},
  title = {Transcriptome-Based Network Analysis Reveals a Spectrum Model of
	Human Macrophage Activation.},
  url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.immuni.2014.01.006},
  year = 2014
}

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