Incomplete radiofrequency ablation promotes the development of CD133+ cancer stem cells in hepatocellular carcinoma cell line HepG2 via inducing SOX9 expression. Yuan, C., Wang, Z., Liu, K., & Liu, D. Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International, September, 2018.
Incomplete radiofrequency ablation promotes the development of CD133+ cancer stem cells in hepatocellular carcinoma cell line HepG2 via inducing SOX9 expression [link]Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   
Background Cancer stem cells (CSCs) accelerate the growth of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) residual after incomplete radiofrequency ablation (In-RFA). The present study aimed to detect the effects of In-RFA on stemness transcription factors (STFs) expression which are important for the production and function of CSCs, and to find which STFs promote HCC stemness after In-RFA. Methods HepG2 cells were used for in vitro and in vivo studies. Flow cytometry and sphere-formation assays were used to detect the level and function of CD133+CSCs in the models. PCR array and ELISA were applied to analyze the altered expression of 84 STFs in CD133+CSCs in two models. Specific lentiviral shRNA was used to knockdown STFs expression, followed by detecting In-RFA's effects on the levels and function of CD133+CSCs. Results In-RFA was identified to induce CD133+CSCs and increase their tumorigenesis ability in vitro and in vivo. The mRNA levels of 84 STFs in CD133+CSCs were detected by PCR array, showing that 15 and 22 STFs were up-regulated in two models, respectively. Meanwhile, the mRNA levels of seven common STFs were up-regulated in both models. ELISA assay demonstrated that only the protein of sex determining region Y-box 9 (SOX9) was up-regulated in both models, the protein levels of the other 6 common STFs did not increase in both models. Finally, SOX9 was identified to play an important role in inducing, maintaining stemness and promoting tumorigenesis ability of CD133+CSCs in both models. Conclusion In-RFA-induced SOX9 stimulates CD133+CSCs proliferation and increases their tumorigenesis ability, suggesting that SOX9 may be a good target for HCC treatment.
@article{yuan_incomplete_2018,
	title = {Incomplete radiofrequency ablation promotes the development of {CD133}+ cancer stem cells in hepatocellular carcinoma cell line {HepG2} via inducing {SOX9} expression},
	issn = {1499-3872},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1499387218302029},
	doi = {10.1016/j.hbpd.2018.09.012},
	abstract = {Background
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) accelerate the growth of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) residual after incomplete radiofrequency ablation (In-RFA). The present study aimed to detect the effects of In-RFA on stemness transcription factors (STFs) expression which are important for the production and function of CSCs, and to find which STFs promote HCC stemness after In-RFA.
Methods
HepG2 cells were used for in vitro and in vivo studies. Flow cytometry and sphere-formation assays were used to detect the level and function of CD133+CSCs in the models. PCR array and ELISA were applied to analyze the altered expression of 84 STFs in CD133+CSCs in two models. Specific lentiviral shRNA was used to knockdown STFs expression, followed by detecting In-RFA's effects on the levels and function of CD133+CSCs.
Results
In-RFA was identified to induce CD133+CSCs and increase their tumorigenesis ability in vitro and in vivo. The mRNA levels of 84 STFs in CD133+CSCs were detected by PCR array, showing that 15 and 22 STFs were up-regulated in two models, respectively. Meanwhile, the mRNA levels of seven common STFs were up-regulated in both models. ELISA assay demonstrated that only the protein of sex determining region Y-box 9 (SOX9) was up-regulated in both models, the protein levels of the other 6 common STFs did not increase in both models. Finally, SOX9 was identified to play an important role in inducing, maintaining stemness and promoting tumorigenesis ability of CD133+CSCs in both models.
Conclusion
In-RFA-induced SOX9 stimulates CD133+CSCs proliferation and increases their tumorigenesis ability, suggesting that SOX9 may be a good target for HCC treatment.},
	urldate = {2018-09-29},
	journal = {Hepatobiliary \& Pancreatic Diseases International},
	author = {Yuan, Chun-Wang and Wang, Zhen-Chang and Liu, Kai and Liu, Dong-Jie},
	month = sep,
	year = {2018},
	keywords = {Cancer stem cells, HepG2, Hepatocellular carcinoma, Radiofrequency ablation},
}

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