@article{rello_resource_2016, Author = {Rello, Luz and Baeza-Yates, Ricardo and Llisterri, Joaquim}, Date = {2017}, Date-Modified = {2018-05-30 18:50:14 +0000}, Doi = {10.1007/s10579-015-9329-0}, Issn = {1574-0218}, Journal = {Language Resources and Evaluation}, Keywords = {clinical, clinical phonetics, dyslexia, phonetics}, Number = {2}, Pages = {379-408}, Title = {A resource of errors written in Spanish by people with dyslexia and its linguistic, phonetic and visual analysis}, Volume = {51}, Year = {2017}, Abstract = {In this work we introduce the analysis of DysList, a language resource for Spanish composed of a list of unique spelling errors extracted from a collection of texts written by people with dyslexia. Each of the errors was annotated with a set of characteristics as well as with visual and phonetic features. To the best of our knowledge, this is the largest resource of this kind in Spanish. We also analyzed all the features of Spanish errors and our main finding is that dyslexic errors are phonetically and visually motivated.}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10579-015-9329-0}}
@article{duckworth_normal_2015, Author = {Duckworth, Martin and McDougall, Kirsty}, Date = {2015}, Date-Modified = {2018-05-30 18:50:02 +0000}, Doi = {10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.03.282}, Journal = {Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences. 10th Oxford Dysfluency Conference, 17--20 July, 2014, Oxford, United Kingdom}, Keywords = {conversation, disfluencies, English, filled pauses, forensic, forensic phonetics, pauses, phonetics, prosody, repetitions, segmental lengthening, silent pauses, temporal factors, clinical, clinical phonetics, phonetics}, Pages = {302--303}, Title = {Normal non-fluency in adult males: An intra- and inter-speaker study}, Volume = {193}, Year = {2015}, Abstract = {Our study is a detailed exploration of non-fluency in adults who do not stutter and a discussion of possible clinical implications of our findings. There have been explorations of aspects of non-fluency as part of the study of the effect of cognitive load upon speech planning (e.g. Goldman-Eisler, 1968) or the role of fluency disruptions in conversation management (e.g. Eklund, 2004). There have been few descriptive studies exploring the type and frequency of all non-fluencies in an environment in which aspects of both cognitive load and the conversation structure are controlled. The University of Cambridge Dynamic Variability in Speech (DyViS) corpus (Nolan et al., 2009) contains long samples of speech elicited in two consistent contexts. One hundred 18-25 year old males with the same accent of British English participated in the study. None of the speakers had a speech or hearing disorder. They completed a mock police interview and a more informal telephone conversation which covered the same topics. The corpus aims to provide a set of baseline measures for research into aspects of speech of interest to researchers and practitioners working in the field of forensic speech analysis. In forensic speech casework the presence of non-fluencies is sometimes discussed, but quantitative analysis of its range, frequency and consistency among speakers has not previously been available. In order to address this gap the DyViS corpus was used to investigate individual variation in the two speaking contexts. The study examined the speech of 20 of the speakers in both contexts. Disfluencies were defined as phenomena which interrupt the flow of speech and were counted as the number of occurrences per 100 syllables. In addition to filled and silent pauses all speakers used repetitions, prolongations and self-interruptions in varying amounts. Statistical analysis demonstrated that the profile of types of non-fluency used by speakers tends to be distinctive. Fluency disruptions therefore contribute to the overall characteristics of a person's speech. These characteristics were relatively consistent within a speaker and across the contexts examined. The range of phenomena found will be demonstrated and comparisons with phenomena found in stuttered speech will be explored.}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.03.282}}
@article{Rodriguez:2015aa, Author = {Rodríguez, Jhennifer and Martínez Matos, Hernán and Valles, Beatriz}, Date = {2015}, Date-Added = {2018-04-28 08:17:12 +0000}, Date-Modified = {2018-05-30 18:50:14 +0000}, Journal = {Revista de Investigación en Logopedia}, Keywords = {Alzheimer, América, Chile, clinical, clinical phonetics, filled pauses, disfluencies, geographical variation, pause duration, pauses, phonetics, prosody, silent pauses, Spanish, temporal factors, phonetics}, Number = {1}, Pages = {40--59}, Title = {Las pausas en el discurso de individuos con demencia tipo Alzheimer. Estudio de casos}, Url = {http://revistas.ucm.es/index.php/RLOG/article/view/58619}, Volume = {5}, Year = {2015}, Abstract = {Basándonos en el hecho de que la demencia tipo Alzheimer conlleva un deterioro cognitivo que provoca fallas comunicativas y discursivas, el objetivo de esta investigación es analizar el uso y los tipos de pausas que aparecen en el discurso de dos personas que padecen ese tipo de demencia. Los datos que constituyen el corpus de análisis corresponden a muestras de habla realizadas por el Laboratorio de Neurociencias de la Universidad del Zulia. Para el análisis se escogieron al azar aquellos enunciados que contuvieran pausas, tanto silenciosas como sonoras, enfocándonos primordialmente en el parámetro acústico de la duración. Se evidencia que la pausa en el discurso del paciente con demencia tipo Alzheimer es un revelador de déficits de carácter lingüístico y cognitivo. Notamos en los dos discursos analizados el empleo de una considerable cantidad de pausas y períodos más largos de tiempo en la duración de las mismas. Nuestros resultados pueden llegar a ser considerados indicios de que las pausas son fenómenos prosódicos diferenciadores de los discursos de sujetos con demencia, así como posibles parámetros para definir el déficit lingüístico y cognitivo en la enfermedad de Alzheimer.}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://revistas.ucm.es/index.php/RLOG/article/view/58619}}
@inproceedings{rello_dyslist:_2014, Address = {Reykjavik, Iceland. 26-31 May, 2014}, Author = {Rello, Luz and Baeza-Yates, Ricardo and Llisterri, Joaquim}, Booktitle = {LREC 2014. Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation}, Date = {2014}, Date-Modified = {2018-07-20 11:37:20 +0000}, Isbn = {978-2-9517408-8-4}, Keywords = {clinical, clinical phonetics, language resources, dyslexia, written corpus, phonetics}, Pages = {1289-1296}, Title = {DysList: An annotated resource of dyslexic errors}, Url = {http://liceu.uab.cat/~joaquim/publicacions/Rello_Baeza_Llisterri_DysList_14.pdf}, Year = {2014}, Abstract = {We introduce a language resource for Spanish, DysList, composed of a list of unique errors extracted from a collection of texts written by people with dyslexia. Each of the errors was annotated with a set of characteristics as well as visual and phonetic features. To the best of our knowledge this is the largest resource of this kind, especially given the difficulty of finding texts written by people with dyslexia.}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://liceu.uab.cat/~joaquim/publicacions/Rello_Baeza_Llisterri_DysList_14.pdf}}
@article{rodriguez_pausas_2013, Author = {Rodríguez, Jhennifer}, Date = {2013}, Date-Modified = {2018-05-30 18:50:14 +0000}, Journal = {Lengua y Habla}, Keywords = {Alzheimer, América, Chile, clinical, clinical phonetics, filled pauses, geographical variation, pause duration, pauses, phonetics, prosody, silent pauses, Spanish, temporal factors, phonetics}, Pages = {253--267}, Title = {Las pausas en el discurso de individuos con demencia tipo Alzheimer. Estudio de casos}, Url = {http://erevistas.saber.ula.ve/index.php/lenguayhabla/article/view/4568}, Volume = {17}, Year = {2013}, Abstract = {La pausa, como parámetro prosódico usado en la emisión de enunciados, ha sido utilizada en el presente trabajo para analizar el discurso de dos individuos con demencia tipo Alzheimer, basándonos en el hecho de que el desorden de esta enfermedad no sólo se manifiesta desde el punto de vista clínico, sino que trae como consecuencia fallas comunicativas y discursivas que se pueden apreciar, por ejemplo, a través de las pausas. Los datos que constituyen el corpus de análisis corresponden a muestras de habla realizadas por el Laboratorio de Neurociencias de la Universidad del Zulia (LUZ). Para el análisis se escogieron aquellos enunciados que contuvieran pausas, tanto silenciosas como sonoras, enfocándonos primordialmente en el parámetro acústico de la duración. Así pues, se evidencia que la pausa en el discurso del paciente con demencia tipo Alzheimer es un revelador de déficits de carácter lingüístico y cognitivo, al notar en sus discursos el empleo de una considerable cantidad de pausas y períodos más largos de tiempo en la duración de las mismas en comparación con las producidas por un sujeto normal.}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://erevistas.saber.ula.ve/index.php/lenguayhabla/article/view/4568}}
@inproceedings{lalain_lecture_2012, Author = {Lalain, Muriel and Mendonca-Alves, Luciana and Espesser, Robert and Ghio, Alain and de Looze, Céline and Reis, César}, Booktitle = {Actes de la conférence conjointe JEP-TALN-RECITAL 2012. Volume 1: JEP}, Date = {2012}, Date-Modified = {2018-07-20 08:07:07 +0000}, Eventdate = {2012-06-04/2012-06-08}, Keywords = {clinical, clinical phonetics, disfluencies, dyslexia, French, L1 acquisition, pause duration, pauses, phonetics, prosody, reading, read speech, silent pauses, speaking styles, spontaneous speech, temporal factors, phonetics, L1}, Location = {Grenoble, France}, Pages = {41--48}, Title = {Lecture et prosodie chez l'enfant dyslexique, le cas des pauses}, Url = {http://www.aclweb.org/anthology/F12-1006}, Year = {2012}, Abstract = {La dyslexie est aujourd'hui couramment associée à un déficit des capacités phonologiques. Les données concernant les habiletés en phonologie suprasegmentale du lecteur déficient, plus rares, ont cependant montré l'implication de la prosodie dans les processus de décodage et l'accès à la compréhension en lecture. Nous avons constitué le corpus (DySpoLec) afin d'examiner différents paramètres prosodiques en lecture et en parole spontanée chez l'enfant dyslexique. Dans cette étude, nous proposons une analyse des pauses silencieuses (nombre et type de pauses, durée des pauses) dans deux conditions de production (lecture et parole spontanée) chez des enfants dyslexiques et normo-lecteurs. Les résultats montrent des différences de durées selon le groupe, le type de pause et la condition de production. Les enfants dyslexiques présentent des pauses plus longues en lecture et en parole spontanée qui pourraient manifester des difficultés de planification des unités syntaxiques et sémantiques.}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://www.aclweb.org/anthology/F12-1006}}
@inproceedings{rello_there_2012, Address = {Oviedo}, Author = {Rello, Luz and Llisterri, Joaquim}, Booktitle = {LDW 2012. 21st Annual World Congress on Learning Disabilities. Learning disabilities: Present and future. Oviedo, Spain. 5-7 September, 2012}, Date = {2012}, Date-Modified = {2018-05-30 18:50:14 +0000}, File = {Attachment:files/9573/Rello, Llisterri - 2012 - There are phonetic patterns in vowel substitution errors in texts written by persons with dyslexia.pdf:application/pdf;Attachment:files/9574/Rello, Llisterri - 2012 - There are phonetic patterns in vowel substitution errors in texts written by persons with dyslexia(2).pdf:application/pdf}, Isbn = {978-84-8317-936-9}, Keywords = {clinical, clinical phonetics, dyslexia, Spanish, phonetics}, Language = {en}, Pages = {327-338}, Publisher = {Ediciones de la Universidad de Oviedo}, Title = {There are phonetic patterns in vowel substitution errors in texts written by persons with dyslexia}, Url = {http://liceu.uab.cat/~joaquim/publicacions/Rello_Llisterri_Phonetic_Patterns_Dyslexia_12.pdf}, Year = {2012}, Abstract = {In this paper we describe the creation of a corpus of texts written by Spanish speaking children with dyslexia, establish a typology of errors found in the corpus and explore the phonetic basis of vowel substitution errors. The results of the analysis reveal that articulatory phonetic dimensions and frequency of occurrence are relevant factors to be taken into account to explain vowel substitution errors.}, Bdsk-File-1 = {YnBsaXN0MDDUAQIDBAUGJCVYJHZlcnNpb25YJG9iamVjdHNZJGFyY2hpdmVyVCR0b3ASAAGGoKgHCBMUFRYaIVUkbnVsbNMJCgsMDxJXTlMua2V5c1pOUy5vYmplY3RzViRjbGFzc6INDoACgAOiEBGABIAFgAdccmVsYXRpdmVQYXRoWWFsaWFzRGF0YV8QVS4uLy4uL0JpYmxpb2dyYWZpYS9QYXBlcnMvUmVsbG8vVGhlcmUgYXJlIHBob25ldGljIHBhdHRlcm5zIGluIHZvd2VsIHN1YnN0aXR1dGlvbi5wZGbSFwsYGVdOUy5kYXRhTxECQgAAAAACQgACAAAMTWFjaW50b3NoIEhEAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAy/YfzkgrAAAQhnRwH1RoZXJlIGFyZSBwaG9uZXRpYyMxMDg2NzQ4Mi5wZGYAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAABCGdILUCdPNAAAAAAAAAAAAAgAEAAAJIAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAVSZWxsbwAAEAAIAADL9gOuAAAAEQAIAADUCbetAAAAAQAUEIZ0cBCGZY4ABfxHAAX7mAAAwEYAAgBjTWFjaW50b3NoIEhEOlVzZXJzOgBqb2FxdWltX2xsaXN0ZXJyaToAQmlibGlvZ3JhZmlhOgBQYXBlcnM6AFJlbGxvOgBUaGVyZSBhcmUgcGhvbmV0aWMjMTA4Njc0ODIucGRmAAAOAGwANQBUAGgAZQByAGUAIABhAHIAZQAgAHAAaABvAG4AZQB0AGkAYwAgAHAAYQB0AHQAZQByAG4AcwAgAGkAbgAgAHYAbwB3AGUAbAAgAHMAdQBiAHMAdABpAHQAdQB0AGkAbwBuAC4AcABkAGYADwAaAAwATQBhAGMAaQBuAHQAbwBzAGgAIABIAEQAEgBnVXNlcnMvam9hcXVpbV9sbGlzdGVycmkvQmlibGlvZ3JhZmlhL1BhcGVycy9SZWxsby9UaGVyZSBhcmUgcGhvbmV0aWMgcGF0dGVybnMgaW4gdm93ZWwgc3Vic3RpdHV0aW9uLnBkZgAAEwABLwAAFQACABj//wAAgAbSGxwdHlokY2xhc3NuYW1lWCRjbGFzc2VzXU5TTXV0YWJsZURhdGGjHR8gVk5TRGF0YVhOU09iamVjdNIbHCIjXE5TRGljdGlvbmFyeaIiIF8QD05TS2V5ZWRBcmNoaXZlctEmJ1Ryb290gAEACAARABoAIwAtADIANwBAAEYATQBVAGAAZwBqAGwAbgBxAHMAdQB3AIQAjgDmAOsA8wM5AzsDQANLA1QDYgNmA20DdgN7A4gDiwOdA6ADpQAAAAAAAAIBAAAAAAAAACgAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAOn}, Bdsk-File-2 = {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}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://liceu.uab.cat/~joaquim/publicacions/Rello_Llisterri_Phonetic_Patterns_Dyslexia_12.pdf}}
@article{gayraud_syntactic_2011, Author = {Gayraud, Frédérique and Lee, Hyeran and Barkat-Defradas, Melissa}, Date = {2011}, Date-Modified = {2018-05-30 18:50:03 +0000}, Doi = {10.3109/02699206.2010.521612}, Journal = {Clinical Linguistics \& Phonetics}, Keywords = {age, Alzheimer, clinical, clinical phonetics, disfluencies, filled pauses, French, interspeaker variation, pause location, pauses, phonetics, prosody, silent pauses, temporal factors, phonetics}, Number = {3}, Pages = {198--209}, Title = {Syntactic and lexical context of pauses and hesitations in the discourse of Alzheimer patients and healthy elderly subjects}, Volume = {25}, Year = {2011}, Abstract = {Psycholinguistic studies dealing with Alzheimer's disease (AD) commonly consider verbal aspects of language. In this article, we investigated both verbal and non-verbal aspects of speech production in AD. We used pauses and hesitations as markers of planning difficulties and hypothesized that AD patients show different patterns in the process of discourse production. We compared the distribution, the duration and the frequency of speech dysfluencies in the spontaneous discourse of 20 AD patients with 20 age, gender and socio-economically matched healthy peers. We found that patients and controls differ along several lines: patients' discourse displays more frequent silent pauses, which occur more often outside syntactic boundaries and are followed by more frequent words. Overall patients show more lexical retrieval and planning difficulties, but where controls signal their planning difficulties using filled pauses, AD patients do not.}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/02699206.2010.521612}}
@article{ title = {Human Voice Recognition Depends on Language Ability}, type = {article}, year = {2011}, identifiers = {[object Object]}, pages = {595-595}, volume = {333}, websites = {http://www.sciencemag.org/content/333/6042/595.abstract}, month = {7}, day = {28}, id = {c34da379-541e-3931-9160-19f51b1bd965}, created = {2011-08-01T08:41:11.000Z}, accessed = {2011-07-29}, file_attached = {false}, profile_id = {50edede7-0a24-356e-8f8a-d03397fa3277}, group_id = {a84e3e74-b76a-3098-bae1-c8a78c436569}, last_modified = {2017-03-14T14:02:54.442Z}, read = {false}, starred = {false}, authored = {false}, confirmed = {true}, hidden = {false}, citation_key = {Perrachione2011}, private_publication = {false}, abstract = {The ability to recognize people by their voice is an important social behavior. Individuals differ in how they pronounce words, and listeners may take advantage of language-specific knowledge of speech phonology to facilitate recognizing voices. Impaired phonological processing is characteristic of dyslexia and thought to be a basis for difficulty in learning to read. We tested voice-recognition abilities of dyslexic and control listeners for voices speaking listeners’ native language or an unfamiliar language. Individuals with dyslexia exhibited impaired voice-recognition abilities compared with controls only for voices speaking their native language. These results demonstrate the importance of linguistic representations for voice recognition. Humans appear to identify voices by making comparisons between talkers’ pronunciations of words and listeners’ stored abstract representations of the sounds in those words.}, bibtype = {article}, author = {Perrachione, T. K. and Del Tufo, S. N. and Gabrieli, J. D. E.}, journal = {Science}, number = {6042} }
@inproceedings{lee_speech_2011, Author = {Lee, Hyeran and Gayraud, Frédérique and Hirsh, Fabrice and Barkat-Defradas, Melissa}, Booktitle = {ICPhS 2011. Proceedings of the 17th International Congress of Phonetic Sciences}, Date = {2011}, Date-Modified = {2018-05-30 18:50:09 +0000}, Eventdate = {2011-08-17/2011-08-21}, Keywords = {Alzheimer, clinical, clinical phonetics, disfluencies, French, pause duration, pauses, phonetics, prosody, temporal factors, phonetics}, Location = {Hong Kong, China}, Pages = {1174--1177}, Title = {Speech dysfluencies in normal and pathological aging: A comparison between Alzheimer patients and healthy elderly subjects}, Url = {https://www.internationalphoneticassociation.org/icphs-proceedings/ICPhS2011/OnlineProceedings/RegularSession/Lee, Hyeran/Lee, Hyeran.pdf}, Year = {2011}, Abstract = {The aim of this study is to determine the speech characteristics of 20 patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) in comparison with those of 20 age, sex, and socio-economic matched healthy controls. The first research is designed to study temporal organization of speech in the context of normal and pathological cognitive aging, and in the evolution of Alzheimer dementia using five variables: Verbal Rate, Transformed Phonation Rate, Mean Duration of Pauses, Standardized Phonation Time, and Standardized Pause Rate. We investigated also the frequency and the duration of pauses and lengthening considered as dysfluencies. The results show that patient's discourse is marked by frequent silent pauses and lengthening. A decline of productivity, measured with verbal rate; low effectiveness of time of phonation, reflected by transformed phonation rate measure; and an increase number of pauses, measured with standardized pause rate were observed in the group of Alzheimer patients more affected than the group of patients at mild to moderate stage.}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {https://www.internationalphoneticassociation.org/icphs-proceedings/ICPhS2011/OnlineProceedings/RegularSession/Lee,%20Hyeran/Lee,%20Hyeran.pdf}}
@inproceedings{arbisi-kelm_comparison_2005, Author = {Arbisi-Kelm, Timothy and Jun, Sun-Ah}, Booktitle = {DISS 2005. Proceedings of the ISCA Tutorial and Research Workshop Disfluency in Spontaneous Speech}, Date = {2005}, Date-Modified = {2018-05-30 18:49:56 +0000}, Editor = {Véronis, Jean and Campione, Estelle}, Eventdate = {2005-09-10/2005-09-12}, Keywords = {clinical, clinical phonetics, disfluencies, duration, dysphemia, English, pauses, phonetics, prosody, repetitions, segmental lengthening, temporal factors, phonetics}, Location = {Aix-en-Provence, France}, Pages = {13--16}, Title = {A comparison of disfluency patterns in normal and stuttered speech}, Url = {http://www.isca-speech.org/archive_open/diss_05/dis5_013.html}, Year = {2005}, Abstract = {While speech disfluencies are commonly found in every speaker's speech, stuttering is a language disorder characterized by an abnormally high rate of speech aberrations, including prolongation, cessation, and repetition of speech segments. However, despite the obvious differences between stuttered and normal speech, identifying the crucial qualities that identify stuttered speech remains a significant challenge. A story-telling task was presented to four stutterers and four non-stutterers in order to analyze the prosodic patterns that surfaced from their spontaneous narrations. Preliminary results revealed that the major difference between stutterers' and non-stutterers' disfluencies -aside from the total number- is the type of disfluency and the context affected by the disfluency. Disfluencies in both groups included prolongation, pause and cut, but stutterers' disfluencies also include repetition and combinations of the three (e.g., cut followed by pause). In addition, stutterers' disfluencies were accompanied by more prosodic irregularities (e.g. pitch accent on function words, creating a prosodic break with degraded phonetic cues) prior to the actual disfluency than non-stutterers' disfluencies, indirectly supporting the overvigilant self-monitoring hypothesis.}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://www.isca-speech.org/archive_open/diss_05/dis5_013.html}}
@article{llisterri_editorial_2005, Author = {Llisterri, Joaquim}, Date = {2005}, Date-Modified = {2018-05-30 18:50:09 +0000}, File = {Attachment:files/6812/Llisterri - 2005 - Editorial convidado II.pdf:application/pdf}, Issn = {1516-1846}, Journal = {Revista CEFAC. Speech, Language, Hearing Sciences and Education Journal}, Keywords = {clinical, clinical phonetics, phonetics}, Language = {pt}, Number = {4}, Title = {Editorial convidado II}, Url = {http://liceu.uab.cat/~joaquim/publicacions/Llisterri_05_Fonetica_Clinica.pdf}, Volume = {7}, Year = {2005}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://liceu.uab.cat/~joaquim/publicacions/Llisterri_05_Fonetica_Clinica.pdf}}
@article{vieira_pausa_2004, Author = {Vieira, Jussara Melo and Barbosa, Plínio Almeida and Pegoraro-Krook, Maria Inês}, Date = {2004}, Date-Modified = {2018-05-30 18:50:16 +0000}, Doi = {10.17851/2237-2083.12.2.181-191}, Journal = {Revista de Estudos da Linguagem}, Keywords = {clinical, clinical phonetics, disfluencies, dysarthria, pauses, phonetics, Portuguese, prosody, speech production, temporal factors, phonetics}, Number = {2}, Pages = {181--191}, Title = {A pausa na produção da fala com comprometimento neurológico}, Volume = {12}, Year = {2004}, Abstract = {Dysarthria is associated with a deficit in phonemic planning orparalysis of specific speech articulators, besides a frequentvelopharyngeal impairment and expected prosodic alterations. Themain goal of this work is to describe the speech rhythm of a userof a palatal lift protheses by analyzing the way she signals somelinguistic boundaries when reading a short story. Pause durationswere measured and pauses were classified into six syntacticcategories. The correlation coefficient between categories anddurations is 62\%, signaling that not all variance can be solelyexplained by syntax, but also by considering prosody as the interplaybetween linguistic knowledge and constraints of a biomechanicalsystem. Despite her neuromotor impairment, the subject is able touse pauses to signal a prosodic hierarchy.}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.17851/2237-2083.12.2.181-191}}
@article{tapia_produccion_2003, Author = {Tapia, Mónica and Quiroga, Pilar and Valdivieso, Humberto}, Date = {2003}, Date-Modified = {2018-05-30 18:50:16 +0000}, Journal = {Anales de Psiquiatría}, Keywords = {Alzheimer, América, Chile, clinical, clinical phonetics, disfluencies, geographical variation, pauses, phonetics, prosody, Spanish, speech production, temporal factors, phonetics}, Number = {8}, Pages = {323--328}, Title = {Producción de unidades lingüísticas y no lingüísticas en el habla de pacientes con enfermedad de Alzheimer}, Url = {https://www.academia.edu/12817044/Producci?n_de_unidades_ling??sticas_y_no_ling??sticas_en_el_habla_de_pacientes_con_enfermedad_de_Alzheimer}, Volume = {19}, Year = {2003}, Abstract = {Estudios en sujetos con enfermedad de Alzheimer (EA) revelan diferencias en su producción del habla comparada con la de personas mayores normales. El hallazgo más frecuente ha sido un menor número de unidades lingüísticas y una mayor duración de las pausas en el habla. En este artículo, se presentan los resultados de las unidades lingüísticas y no lingüísticas durante entrevistas grabadas a 16 pacientes con EA y 21 senescentes normales. Los diagnósticos fueron efectuados por psiquiatras, (Proyecto "Demencias asociadas a edad" Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Concepción, Chile) mediante procedimiento multifásico: tamizaje validado para deterioro cognitivo, criterios clínicos estandarizados para demencia y escalas de estadio, igualmente validadas. Los pacientes, mostraron una producción de secuencias de habla más pequeñas y más turnos en la conversación. Esto concuerda con hallazgos anteriores que identifican la variable duración de las pausas como la más discriminante entre los grupos, lo que sugiere que la búsqueda de palabras y la planificación del discurso estarían alteradas en ellos, debido a los procesos degenerativos propios de la EA.}, Bdsk-File-1 = {YnBsaXN0MDDUAQIDBAUGJCVYJHZlcnNpb25YJG9iamVjdHNZJGFyY2hpdmVyVCR0b3ASAAGGoKgHCBMUFRYaIVUkbnVsbNMJCgsMDxJXTlMua2V5c1pOUy5vYmplY3RzViRjbGFzc6INDoACgAOiEBGABIAFgAdccmVsYXRpdmVQYXRoWWFsaWFzRGF0YW8QbQAuAC4ALwAuAC4ALwAuAC4ALwBCAGkAYgBsAGkAbwBnAHIAYQBmAGkAYQAvAFAAYQBwAGUAcgBzAC8AVABhAHAAaQBhAC8AUAByAG8AZAB1AGMAYwBpAG8DAQBuACAAZABlACAAdQBuAGkAZABhAGQAZQBzACAAbABpAG4AZwB1AwgAaQMBAHMAdABpAGMAYQBzACAAeQAgAG4AbwAgAGwAaQBuAGcAdQMIAGkDAQBzAHQAaQBjAGEAcwAgAGUAbgAgAGUAbAAgAGgAYQBiAGwAYQAuAHAAZABm0hcLGBlXTlMuZGF0YU8RAoYAAAAAAoYAAgAADE1hY2ludG9zaCBIRAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAMv2H85IKwAAEIZ2tB9Qcm9kdWNjaZduIGRlIHVuaWQjMTA4Njc2QjgucGRmAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAQhna40+pIKQAAAAAAAAAAAAMABAAACSAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAFVGFwaWEAABAACAAAy/YDrgAAABEACAAA0+osCQAAAAEAFBCGdrQQhmWOAAX8RwAF+5gAAMBGAAIAY01hY2ludG9zaCBIRDpVc2VyczoAam9hcXVpbV9sbGlzdGVycmk6AEJpYmxpb2dyYWZpYToAUGFwZXJzOgBUYXBpYToAUHJvZHVjY2mXbiBkZSB1bmlkIzEwODY3NkI4LnBkZgAADgCWAEoAUAByAG8AZAB1AGMAYwBpAG8DAQBuACAAZABlACAAdQBuAGkAZABhAGQAZQBzACAAbABpAG4AZwB1AwgAaQMBAHMAdABpAGMAYQBzACAAeQAgAG4AbwAgAGwAaQBuAGcAdQMIAGkDAQBzAHQAaQBjAGEAcwAgAGUAbgAgAGUAbAAgAGgAYQBiAGwAYQAuAHAAZABmAA8AGgAMAE0AYQBjAGkAbgB0AG8AcwBoACAASABEABIAgVVzZXJzL2pvYXF1aW1fbGxpc3RlcnJpL0JpYmxpb2dyYWZpYS9QYXBlcnMvVGFwaWEvUHJvZHVjY2lvzIFuIGRlIHVuaWRhZGVzIGxpbmd1zIhpzIFzdGljYXMgeSBubyBsaW5ndcyIacyBc3RpY2FzIGVuIGVsIGhhYmxhLnBkZgAAEwABLwAAFQACABj//wAAgAbSGxwdHlokY2xhc3NuYW1lWCRjbGFzc2VzXU5TTXV0YWJsZURhdGGjHR8gVk5TRGF0YVhOU09iamVjdNIbHCIjXE5TRGljdGlvbmFyeaIiIF8QD05TS2V5ZWRBcmNoaXZlctEmJ1Ryb290gAEACAARABoAIwAtADIANwBAAEYATQBVAGAAZwBqAGwAbgBxAHMAdQB3AIQAjgFrAXABeAQCBAQECQQUBB0EKwQvBDYEPwREBFEEVARmBGkEbgAAAAAAAAIBAAAAAAAAACgAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAARw}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {https://www.academia.edu/12817044/Producci?n_de_unidades_ling??sticas_y_no_ling??sticas_en_el_habla_de_pacientes_con_enfermedad_de_Alzheimer}}
@article{tapia_alisis_2003, Author = {Tapia, Mónica}, Date = {2003}, Date-Modified = {2018-05-30 18:50:16 +0000}, Journal = {Revista de Lingüística Teórica y Aplicada}, Keywords = {age, Alzheimer, América, Chile, clinical, clinical phonetics, disfluencies, geographical variation, interspeaker variation, pauses, phonetics, prosody, Spanish, temporal factors, phonetics}, Pages = {103--118}, Title = {Análisis de los enunciados producidos despues de una pausa en la conversación de enfermos de Alzheimer y de senescentes normales}, Volume = {41}, Year = {2003}, Abstract = {Studies about speech characteristics of Alzheimer patients reveal their difficulties to search for words and their problems to produce utterances according to the communicative situation. This article examines the utterances produced by mild and moderate Alzheimer patients and normal elderly subjects after pausing during a conversation. The sample was constituted by 21 normal elderly subjects and 16 Alzheimer patients. Both groups were assessed within The Age Associated Dementia Project at the School of Medicine in the University of Concepción through a multiphasic procedure in which the MMSEm and PFAQm criteria for cognitive impairment and the DSM-III and CIE-10 criteria for dementia were used. The speech samples were gathered through recorded conversations with the subjects. The speech material was transcribed into simple notation. The utterance content after a pause that expressed a difficulty in discourse planning was besides analysed. The findings reveal that Alzheimer patients show difficulties to complete coherently utterances interrupted by a pause.}}
@inproceedings{hartsuiker_perception_2003, Author = {Hartsuiker, Robert J and Corley, Martin and Lickley, Robin J and Russell, Melanie}, Booktitle = {DiSS 2003. Proceedings of the ISCA Tutorial and Research Workshop Disfluency in Spontaneous Speech}, Date = {2003}, Date-Modified = {2018-05-30 18:50:06 +0000}, Editor = {Eklund, Robert}, Eventdate = {2003-09-05/2003-09-08}, Keywords = {clinical, clinical phonetics, disfluencies, dysphemia, phonetics, speech perception, phonetics}, Location = {Göteborg, Sweden}, Pages = {35--37}, Title = {Perception of disfluency in people who stutter and people who do not stutter: Results from magnitude estimation}, Url = {http://www.isca-speech.org/archive_open/diss_03/dis3_035.html}, Year = {2003}, Abstract = {Recent accounts of stuttering consider disfluencies the result of an interaction between speech planning and self- monitoring, emphasizing the continuity beiween errors made in everyday speech and those made by people who stutter. On Vasi9 \& Wijnen's account, the monitor is hypervigilant for upcoming problems and interrupts and restarts the speech signal, resulting in disfluent speech. Crucially, on this account, self-monitoring is a perceptual function. Therefore, this account makes iwo predictions (1) people who stutter are also hypervigilant in perceiving another person's speech. (2) the quality of disfluencies made by people who stutter and those who do not will be comparable. We tested these hypotheses using a magnitude estimation judgment task. Twenty participants who stutter and 20 conirols were asked to rate the fluency of excerpted fluent and disfluent fragments from recorded dialogues, either between people who stutter or beiween non-stutterers. In line with the first hypothesis, people who stutter tended to rate all fragments as more disfluent than controls did. However the second hypothesis was not confirmed: across judges, fluent and disfluent fragments excerpted from recordings of people who stutter were rated as less fluent than those excerpted from conirol dialogues, suggesting that there are perceptually relevant differences between the speech of PWS and PWDNS, independent of number and type of disfluencies.}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://www.isca-speech.org/archive_open/diss_03/dis3_035.html}}
@phdthesis{tapia_aspectos_2001, Address = {Concepción}, Author = {Tapia, Mónica}, Date = {2001}, Date-Modified = {2018-05-30 18:50:16 +0000}, Keywords = {age, Alzheimer, América, Chile, clinical, clinical phonetics, disfluencies, geographical variation, interspeaker variation, pauses, phonetics, prosody, Spanish, speech rate, temporal factors, phonetics}, School = {Universidad de Concepción}, Title = {Aspectos temporales del habla en pacientes con Enfermedad de Alzheimer y senescentes normales}, Type = {Tesis doctoral}, Year = {2001}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}}
@inproceedings{abou-haidar_pauses_2001, Author = {Abou-Haidar, Laura}, Booktitle = {DiSS 2001. Proceedings of the ISCA Tutorial and Research Workshop Disfluency in Spontaneous Speech}, Date = {2001}, Date-Modified = {2018-05-30 18:49:55 +0000}, Eventdate = {2001-08-29/2001-08-31}, Keywords = {clinical, clinical phonetics, conversation, disfluencies, Down, duration, false starts, French, linguistics, pause duration, pause location, pauses, pragmatics, prosody, repetitions, segmental lengthening, speaking styles, syntax, temporal factors, phonetics}, Location = {Edinburgh, Scotland, UK}, Pages = {33--36}, Title = {Pauses in speech by French speakers with Down Syndrome}, Url = {http://www.isca-speech.org/archive_open/diss_01/dis1_033.html}, Year = {2001}, Abstract = {A better understanding of the control mechanisms of speech in verbal interaction is very important for the evaluation of the pragmatic competence of a mentally deficient speaker. This study focuses on pauses in the oral production of a speaker with Down syndrome involved in a conversation : it brings to light the temporal compensation mechanisms which allow the speaker to go beyond the distortions of the segmental level. It confirms the important role of prosody in the success of a conversation, particularly with a speaker who has a handicap which disrupts language structure. Down Syndrome is a condition characterised by an overall delay in cognitive, social, linguistic and motor development. At the oral production level, it leads to deficits in segmental and supra-segmental speech patterning. The goal of this study is to bring elements of response to the following question : is the pragmatic function of language preserved in spite of significant distortions of the motor functions of the phonatory organs ? The description of the management of pauses by a speaker with Down syndrome involved in a conversation makes it possible to clarify this subject, while taking into account the various functions which are specific to them beyond the respiratory function : their role in encoding, in the delimitation of syntactic boundaries, and in the regulation of speaking turns, among others. This study allowed us to define criteria which make it possible to characterise the oral production of a Speaker with Down syndrome. These elements relate to the variation of the frequency and the length of pauses. The results obtained are the following: a high frequency of occurrence of pauses in the production of the trisomic speaker a frequency of occurrence of "mixed pauses", of which the majority have very long lengths, this element revealing a lack of ease and disfluency on the production level; a significant recourse to false-starts, hesitation, repetition and lengthening, to mark sound pauses; a considerable number of very long pauses pauses; a relatively high number of pauses located at the boundaries of or within syntagms, with rather long lengths of intra-syntagmatic uses; We furthermore noted a rarity of long phonic sequences in the speaker with Down syndrome, these sequences seldom exceeding 2000 ms. In spite of these results, it is important to note that we have defined parameters which show that the speaker with Down syndrome integrated rules relating to the management of pauses in verbal interaction.}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://www.isca-speech.org/archive_open/diss_01/dis1_033.html}}
@book{widex_audifonos_sa_audiometrivocal._1993, Address = {Barcelona}, Author = {{Widex Audífonos SA}}, Date = {1993}, Date-Modified = {2018-05-30 18:50:17 +0000}, Keywords = {assessment, audiology, audiometry, clinical, clinical phonetics, hearing impairment, materials, Spanish, speech perception, phonetics}, Note = {Listas elaboradas por el Departamento de Filología Española de la UAB - J. M. Garrido y J. Llisterri. Medida del poder separador temporal Test Leman-Renard. Elaborado por el Dr. Leman y X. Renard. Locutor: J. Royo}, Publisher = {Widex Audífonos SA}, Title = {Audiometría vocal. Prueba de intelibigilidad. Discriminación acústica. Confusión consonántica.}, Titleaddon = {{CD Digital Audio}}, Year = {1993}}
@techreport{garrido_diseno_1992, Address = {Bellaterra}, Author = {Garrido, Juan María and Llisterri, Joaquim}, Date = {1992}, Date-Modified = {2018-05-30 18:50:03 +0000}, Institution = {Departament de Filologia Espanyola, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona}, Keywords = {assessment, audiology, audiometry, clinical, clinical phonetics, hearing impairment, speech perception, phonetics}, Title = {Diseño de un corpus en español para pruebas audiométricas}, Type = {Informe técnico para Widex Audífonos SA, Barcelona}, Url = {http://liceu.uab.cat/~joaquim/publicacions/Garrido_Llisterri_92_Audiometria.pdf}, Year = {1992}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {http://liceu.uab.cat/~joaquim/publicacions/Garrido_Llisterri_92_Audiometria.pdf}}
@article{bochner_pausing_1987, Author = {Bochner, Joseph H and Barefoot, Sidney M and Johnson, Barbara Ann}, Date = {1987}, Date-Modified = {2018-05-30 18:49:59 +0000}, Journal = {Journal of Phonetics}, Keywords = {audiology, clinical, clinical phonetics, disfluencies, English, hearing impairment, intelligibility, pause duration, pause location, pauses, phonetics, prosody, read speech, speaking styles, speech perception, speech rate, temporal factors, phonetics}, Number = {4}, Pages = {323--333}, Title = {Pausing in the speech of deaf young adults}, Url = {https://www.researchgate.net/publication/258265868_Pausing_in_the_speech_of_deaf_young_adults}, Volume = {15}, Year = {1987}, Bdsk-File-1 = {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}, Bdsk-Url-1 = {https://www.researchgate.net/publication/258265868_Pausing_in_the_speech_of_deaf_young_adults}}