@article{
 title = {A radially accessible tubular in situ X-ray cell for spatially resolved operando scattering and spectroscopic studies of electrochemical energy storage devices},
 type = {article},
 year = {2016},
 keywords = {batteries,capacitors,cells,energy storage,in situ x-ray electrochemical,spatial},
 pages = {1665-1673},
 volume = {49},
 websites = {http://scripts.iucr.org/cgi-bin/paper?S1600576716012632},
 month = {10},
 publisher = {International Union of Crystallography},
 day = {1},
 id = {7136d096-8dba-3b7d-8023-b29d91d90745},
 created = {2016-09-22T20:26:36.000Z},
 file_attached = {true},
 profile_id = {acecf9ac-a9eb-39c3-b1a6-bdadc9df448a},
 last_modified = {2017-07-05T23:30:33.168Z},
 read = {true},
 starred = {false},
 authored = {true},
 confirmed = {true},
 hidden = {false},
 private_publication = {false},
 abstract = {A tubular operando electrochemical cell has been developed to allow spatially resolved X-ray scattering and spectroscopic measurements of individual cell components, or regions thereof, during device operation. These measurements are enabled by the tubular cell geometry, wherein the X-ray-transparent tube walls allow radial access for the incident and scattered/transmitted X-ray beam; by probing different depths within the electrode stack, the transformation of different components or regions can be resolved. The cell is compatible with a variety of synchrotron-based scattering, absorption and imaging methodologies. The reliability of the electrochemical cell and the quality of the resulting X-ray scattering and spectroscopic data are demonstrated for two types of energy storage: the evolution of the distribution of the state of charge of an Li-ion battery electrode during cycling is documented using X-ray powder diffraction, and the redistribution of ions between two porous carbon electrodes in an electrochemical double-layer capacitor is documented using X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy.},
 bibtype = {article},
 author = {Liu, Hao and Allan, Phoebe K. and Borkiewicz, Olaf J. and Kurtz, Charles and Grey, Clare P. and Chapman, Karena W. and Chupas, Peter J.},
 doi = {10.1107/S1600576716012632},
 journal = {Journal of Applied Crystallography},
 number = {5}
}

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