@article{Blekic2025,
abstract = {In recent years, the application of machine learning (ML) techniques in research on the prediction of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has increased. However, concerns regarding the clinical relevance and generalizability of ML findings hamper their implementation by clinicians and researchers. Here in this systematic review we examined (1) the extent to which pre-, peri- and post-traumatic risk factors identified using ML approaches coincide with the theoretical understanding of the disorder; (2) whether new insights were gained through ML techniques; and (3) whether ML findings, combined with previous research, enable an integrative model of PTSD risk encompassing both predictor categories and their theoretical relevance. We reviewed ML studies on PTSD risk factors in PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus. Studies were included if they specified when predictors and PTSD symptoms were collected in temporal relation to the traumatic event. A total of 30 studies with 12,908 participants (mean age 36.5 years) were included. After extracting the 15 most important predictors from all studies, we categorized them into pre-, peri- and post-trauma exposure predictors and examined their associations with established theoretical models of PTSD. Many studies exhibited a risk of bias, assessed using the prediction model risk of bias assessment tool (PROBAST). However, we found overlaps in identified predictors across studies, a concordance between data-driven results and theory-driven research, and underexplored predictors identified through ML. We propose an integrative model of PTSD risk that incorporates both data-driven and theory-driven findings and discuss future directions. We emphasize the importance of standards on how to apply and report ML approaches for mental health.},
author = {Blekic, Wivine and D'Hondt, Fabien and Shalev, Arieh Y and Schultebraucks, Katharina},
doi = {10.1038/s44220-024-00365-4},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/Downloads/Blekic_2025_ML_PTSD.pdf:pdf},
journal = {Nature Mental Health},
pages = {139--158},
title = {{A systematic review of machine learning findings in PTSD and their relationships with theoretical models}},
volume = {3},
year = {2025}
}

In recent years, the application of machine learning (ML) techniques in research on the prediction of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has increased. However, concerns regarding the clinical relevance and generalizability of ML findings hamper their implementation by clinicians and researchers. Here in this systematic review we examined (1) the extent to which pre-, peri- and post-traumatic risk factors identified using ML approaches coincide with the theoretical understanding of the disorder; (2) whether new insights were gained through ML techniques; and (3) whether ML findings, combined with previous research, enable an integrative model of PTSD risk encompassing both predictor categories and their theoretical relevance. We reviewed ML studies on PTSD risk factors in PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus. Studies were included if they specified when predictors and PTSD symptoms were collected in temporal relation to the traumatic event. A total of 30 studies with 12,908 participants (mean age 36.5 years) were included. After extracting the 15 most important predictors from all studies, we categorized them into pre-, peri- and post-trauma exposure predictors and examined their associations with established theoretical models of PTSD. Many studies exhibited a risk of bias, assessed using the prediction model risk of bias assessment tool (PROBAST). However, we found overlaps in identified predictors across studies, a concordance between data-driven results and theory-driven research, and underexplored predictors identified through ML. We propose an integrative model of PTSD risk that incorporates both data-driven and theory-driven findings and discuss future directions. We emphasize the importance of standards on how to apply and report ML approaches for mental health.

@article{Blekic2025a,
author = {Blekic, Wivine and Rossignol, Mandy and D'Hondt, Fabien},
doi = {10.1080/20008066.2025.2462489},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/Downloads/Examining attentional avoidance in post-traumatic stress disorder  an exploratory  Face in the Crowd  paradigm using eye-tracking.pdf:pdf},
journal = {European Journal of Psychotraumatology},
number = {1},
pages = {2462489},
title = {{Examining attentional avoidance in Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: an exploratory “Face in the Crowd” paradigm using eye-tracking.}},
volume = {16},
year = {2025}
}

@article{Bodein2025,
abstract = {OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to collect the expectations of trainees in  general practice towards their observation period in a community pharmacy, in order to contribute to a new definition of the objectives of this training period. METHODS: Data were collected using the nominal group technique. The eleven participants were ninth-year general medical students. RESULTS: Forty-six proposals were made and ranked according to priority and popularity, resulting in the selection of fourteen. CONCLUSIONS: The fourteen proposals selected can be classified into 4 main categories: the pharmaceutical act, primary care and patient support, the operation of a pharmacy and the diversity of the activities of dispensing pharmacies. The proposals support the development of interprofessional communication and should make it possible to improve the teaching guidelines for observation periods.},
author = {Bodein, Isabelle and Messaadi, Nassir and D{\'{e}}caudin, Bertrand and Standaert, Annie and Telliez, Antoine and Garat, Anne and Tilly-Dufour, Anita and Bayen, Sabine and Calafiore, Matthieu},
doi = {10.1016/j.pharma.2025.01.005},
issn = {0003-4509 (Print)},
journal = {Annales pharmaceutiques francaises},
language = {fre},
month = {jan},
pmid = {39827983},
title = {{[Expectations of trainees in general practice about their observation period  (internship) in community pharmacy].}},
year = {2025}
}

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to collect the expectations of trainees in general practice towards their observation period in a community pharmacy, in order to contribute to a new definition of the objectives of this training period. METHODS: Data were collected using the nominal group technique. The eleven participants were ninth-year general medical students. RESULTS: Forty-six proposals were made and ranked according to priority and popularity, resulting in the selection of fourteen. CONCLUSIONS: The fourteen proposals selected can be classified into 4 main categories: the pharmaceutical act, primary care and patient support, the operation of a pharmacy and the diversity of the activities of dispensing pharmacies. The proposals support the development of interprofessional communication and should make it possible to improve the teaching guidelines for observation periods.

@article{Carton2025,
abstract = {BACKGROUND: GPs can detect cognitive impairment (CI) at a very early stage,  allowing early support for people and their caregivers. The early onset of CI is between 50 years and 60 years. Currently, in France, the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) remains the most used screening test, although it has a lower sensitivity and specificity than the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) for detecting mild CI, taking an average of 15 minutes to complete. AIM: To investigate the feasibility of the MoCA during routine consultations in general practice for the early detection of CI and to determine prevalence of CI in a primary care setting. DESIGN & SETTING: A quantitative, prospective feasibility study was carried out in real-life working conditions during routine GP consultations in France. METHOD: GPs performed MoCA on adults aged ≥50 years, without suspected or confirmed CI. RESULTS: Sixty-one GPs performed 221 MoCA with a mean duration of 8 minutes and detected mild neurocognitive impairment in 62% of patients. CONCLUSION: The MoCA is feasible and easy to perform during routine consultations in general practice by trained and experienced physicians.},
author = {Carton, Cassandre and Calafiore, Matthieu and Cauet, Charles and Messaadi, Nassir and Bayen, Marc and Wyts, David and Messaadi, Wassil and Richebe, Teddy and Bayen, Sabine},
doi = {10.3399/BJGPO.2024.0039},
issn = {2398-3795 (Electronic)},
journal = {BJGP open},
language = {eng},
month = {jan},
pmid = {39168498},
title = {{Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) use in general practice for the early  detection of cognitive impairment: a feasibility study.}},
year = {2025}
}

BACKGROUND: GPs can detect cognitive impairment (CI) at a very early stage, allowing early support for people and their caregivers. The early onset of CI is between 50 years and 60 years. Currently, in France, the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) remains the most used screening test, although it has a lower sensitivity and specificity than the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) for detecting mild CI, taking an average of 15 minutes to complete. AIM: To investigate the feasibility of the MoCA during routine consultations in general practice for the early detection of CI and to determine prevalence of CI in a primary care setting. DESIGN & SETTING: A quantitative, prospective feasibility study was carried out in real-life working conditions during routine GP consultations in France. METHOD: GPs performed MoCA on adults aged ≥50 years, without suspected or confirmed CI. RESULTS: Sixty-one GPs performed 221 MoCA with a mean duration of 8 minutes and detected mild neurocognitive impairment in 62% of patients. CONCLUSION: The MoCA is feasible and easy to perform during routine consultations in general practice by trained and experienced physicians.

@article{Demesmaeker2024a,
abstract = {INTRODUCTION: Global suicide rates highlight the critical need for effective  preventive measures. Brief contact interventions (BCIs), such as France's Vigilans program, provide cost-effective prevention strategies. This study evaluates the suicide reattempt risk following BCIs in the aftermath of suicide attempt (SA) and identifies sociodemographic and clinical predictors to guide targeted prevention efforts. METHOD: We conducted a prospective cohort analysis of 1044 non-first-time suicide attempters, enrolled in the Vigilans program between 2015 and 2020. The program offers diverse BCIs: a phone call only; a phone call followed by postcards (if in suicidal crisis); postcards only (if unreachable); and no intervention (if unreachable and have not provided an address). We used a multivariate Cox model and a multinomial logistic regression to examine the risk associated with each intervention and identify factors influencing intervention receipt. RESULTS: Compared to sole phone call, participants who received both a phone call and postcards, only postcards, or no intervention had a higher risk of suicide reattempt. Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) was linked to a higher likelihood of receiving both a phone call and postcards, postcards only, or no intervention. Panic disorder was associated with receiving both a phone call and postcards, while generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) was linked to receiving postcards only. CONCLUSION: Participants who received interventions beyond a singular phone call faced higher risks of subsequent SAs. Because these groups had greater suicidality or did not adhere to the program, this finding underscores the importance of tailoring interventions to the specific needs of patients with varying levels of suicidality.},
author = {Demesmaeker, Alice and Amad, Ali and Blekic, Wivine and Notredame, Charles-{\'{E}}douard Charles-Edouard and Selosse, Thomas and Jardon, Vincent and Vaiva, Guillaume and D'Hondt, Fabien},
doi = {10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.11.031},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/Downloads/1-s2.0-S0022395624006575-main.pdf:pdf},
issn = {1879-1379 (Electronic)},
journal = {Journal of psychiatric research},
keywords = {Adolescent,Adult,Anxiety Disorders,Attempted,Female,France,Humans,Male,Middle Aged,Post-Traumatic,Prospective Studies,Stress Disorders,Suicide,Suicide Prevention,Young Adult,statistics & numerical data},
language = {eng},
month = {jan},
pages = {29--35},
pmid = {39581017},
title = {{Increased risk of suicide reattempt according to the type of brief contact interventions in the VigilanS program: The critical role of PTSD and anxiety disorders}},
volume = {181},
year = {2025}
}

INTRODUCTION: Global suicide rates highlight the critical need for effective preventive measures. Brief contact interventions (BCIs), such as France's Vigilans program, provide cost-effective prevention strategies. This study evaluates the suicide reattempt risk following BCIs in the aftermath of suicide attempt (SA) and identifies sociodemographic and clinical predictors to guide targeted prevention efforts. METHOD: We conducted a prospective cohort analysis of 1044 non-first-time suicide attempters, enrolled in the Vigilans program between 2015 and 2020. The program offers diverse BCIs: a phone call only; a phone call followed by postcards (if in suicidal crisis); postcards only (if unreachable); and no intervention (if unreachable and have not provided an address). We used a multivariate Cox model and a multinomial logistic regression to examine the risk associated with each intervention and identify factors influencing intervention receipt. RESULTS: Compared to sole phone call, participants who received both a phone call and postcards, only postcards, or no intervention had a higher risk of suicide reattempt. Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) was linked to a higher likelihood of receiving both a phone call and postcards, postcards only, or no intervention. Panic disorder was associated with receiving both a phone call and postcards, while generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) was linked to receiving postcards only. CONCLUSION: Participants who received interventions beyond a singular phone call faced higher risks of subsequent SAs. Because these groups had greater suicidality or did not adhere to the program, this finding underscores the importance of tailoring interventions to the specific needs of patients with varying levels of suicidality.

@article{Demesmaeker2025,
abstract = {Background: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a prevalent psychiatric  condition that significantly increases the risk of suicide.Objective: This study aimed to assess PTSD and its co-occurring conditions among individuals who attempted suicide and to evaluate the relationship between these disorders and suicide reattempts within six months.Method: This prospective cohort study included 2,441 individuals from the French Vigilans programme who attempted suicide between 2015 and 2020. Data on sociodemographic characteristics and suicide attempt (SA) history were collected at baseline, and lifetime psychiatric conditions were assessed via the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) during the six-month follow-up telephone interview. Multivariate logistic and linear regression models were used to measure the impact of PTSD and its comorbidities on suicide reattempts within six months, controlling for sex, age, and prior SAs.Results: In total, 11.8% of the individuals (287/2,441) in the cohort were diagnosed with PTSD. Among these, 71.1% (204/287) had major depressive disorder, 36.2% (104/287) had alcohol use disorder, and 35.9% (103/287) had panic disorder. Within six months, we observed higher rates of suicide reattempt in those with PTSD (p < .01; OR 1.71 95% CI 1.14-2.55), regardless of comorbidities. Even higher rates were found in those with PTSD comorbid with panic disorder (p = .02 OR 1.95 95% CI 1.12-3.39) or substance use disorder (p = .01 OR 2.91 95% CI 1.28-6.62). Additionally, PTSD comorbid with panic disorder (p = .02, $\beta$ = .10) or eating disorders (p = .04, $\beta$ = .12) was associated with a greater number of suicide reattempts.Conclusion: Approximately one in ten SA survivors experienced PTSD. Individuals with PTSD and comorbid conditions, such as panic disorder, substance use disorder, and eating disorders, are two to three times more likely to reattempt suicide within six months. Despite ongoing preventive efforts, rates of reattempt remain high, highlighting the urgent need for continuous clinical monitoring and personalized therapeutic interventions.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03134885.},
author = {Demesmaeker, Alice and Creupelandt, Coralie and Leroy, Arnaud and Vaiva, Guillaume and D'Hondt, Fabien},
doi = {10.1080/20008066.2025.2461435 To},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/Downloads/Impact of posttraumatic stress disorder and comorbid psychiatric conditions on suicide reattempts.pdf:pdf},
issn = {2000-8066 (Electronic)},
journal = {European Journal of Psychotraumatology},
keywords = {Adult,Alcoholism,Attempted,Comorbidity,Depressive Disorder,Female,France,Humans,Major,Male,Middle Aged,Panic Disorder,Post-Traumatic,Prospective Studies,Stress Disorders,Suicide,epidemiology,statistics & numerical data},
language = {eng},
month = {dec},
number = {1},
pages = {2461435},
pmid = {39936356},
title = {{Impact of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder's Comorbid Psychiatric Conditions on Suicide Reattempt}},
volume = {16},
year = {2025}
}

Background: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a prevalent psychiatric condition that significantly increases the risk of suicide.Objective: This study aimed to assess PTSD and its co-occurring conditions among individuals who attempted suicide and to evaluate the relationship between these disorders and suicide reattempts within six months.Method: This prospective cohort study included 2,441 individuals from the French Vigilans programme who attempted suicide between 2015 and 2020. Data on sociodemographic characteristics and suicide attempt (SA) history were collected at baseline, and lifetime psychiatric conditions were assessed via the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) during the six-month follow-up telephone interview. Multivariate logistic and linear regression models were used to measure the impact of PTSD and its comorbidities on suicide reattempts within six months, controlling for sex, age, and prior SAs.Results: In total, 11.8% of the individuals (287/2,441) in the cohort were diagnosed with PTSD. Among these, 71.1% (204/287) had major depressive disorder, 36.2% (104/287) had alcohol use disorder, and 35.9% (103/287) had panic disorder. Within six months, we observed higher rates of suicide reattempt in those with PTSD (p < .01; OR 1.71 95% CI 1.14-2.55), regardless of comorbidities. Even higher rates were found in those with PTSD comorbid with panic disorder (p = .02 OR 1.95 95% CI 1.12-3.39) or substance use disorder (p = .01 OR 2.91 95% CI 1.28-6.62). Additionally, PTSD comorbid with panic disorder (p = .02, $β$ = .10) or eating disorders (p = .04, $β$ = .12) was associated with a greater number of suicide reattempts.Conclusion: Approximately one in ten SA survivors experienced PTSD. Individuals with PTSD and comorbid conditions, such as panic disorder, substance use disorder, and eating disorders, are two to three times more likely to reattempt suicide within six months. Despite ongoing preventive efforts, rates of reattempt remain high, highlighting the urgent need for continuous clinical monitoring and personalized therapeutic interventions.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03134885.

@article{Demesmaeker2024b,
abstract = {INTRODUCTION: The lifetime prevalence of PTSD ranges from 6 to 20% and is often  associated with comorbid disorders. Despite the significant impact of PTSD, specific data on healthcare utilization related to PTSD remain limited. This study aims to characterize PTSD-related hospitalizations in France over the past decade. METHODS: This nationwide longitudinal retrospective study analyzed PTSD-related hospitalizations in France from 2013 to 2022 using the French National Hospitals Database. Data included discharge records from general and psychiatric hospitals, detailing demographics, admission/discharge dates, ICD-10 diagnoses, and hospitalization specifics. RESULTS: Between 2013 and 2022, 69,108 patients underwent 125,349 hospitalizations with a PTSD diagnosis (0.4% of all inpatient cases) in France. Psychiatric facilities accounted for 74,988 hospitalizations (1% of all psychiatric inpatient cases in France), while general hospitals recorded 50,361 hospitalizations (0.02% of all non-psychiatric inpatient cases). The percentage of inpatients diagnosed with PTSD increased from 0.68 to 2.22% in psychiatric facilities and from 0.02 to 0.04% in general hospitals over the study period. Females were younger in both settings and had longer stays compared to males in psychiatric facilities. Over time, there was a decrease in median age and an increase in part-time hospitalizations in psychiatric facilities. Mood disorders, stress-related disorders, and substance use disorders were prevalent comorbidities in both settings. CONCLUSIONS: This study highlights a rise in PTSD-related hospitalizations in France, particularly in psychiatric facilities and after 2019, with high rates among women and an increase in hospitalization of younger individuals. These findings highlight the necessity for improved care strategies tailored to the increasing number of younger patients with PTSD.},
author = {Demesmaeker, Alice and Dufrenois, Florian and Saint-Dizier, Chlo{\'{e}} and Vaiva, Guillaume and Lamer, Antoine and Horn, Mathilde and D'Hondt, Fabien},
doi = {10.1192/j.eurpsy.2024.1810},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/Downloads/div-class-title-hospitalizations-with-post-traumatic-stress-disorder-in-france-between-2013-and-2022-a-nationwide-retrospective-study-div.pdf:pdf},
issn = {1778-3585 (Electronic)},
journal = {European Psychiatry},
keywords = {Adolescent,Adult,Aged,Comorbidity,Female,France,Hospitalization,Hospitals,Humans,Longitudinal Studies,Male,Middle Aged,Post-Traumatic,Prevalence,Psychiatric,Retrospective Studies,Stress Disorders,Young Adult,epidemiology,statistics & numerical data},
language = {eng},
month = {jan},
number = {1},
pages = {e10},
pmid = {39809595},
title = {{Hospitalizations with post-traumatic stress disorder in France between 2013 and 2022: a nationwide retrospective study}},
volume = {68},
year = {2025}
}

INTRODUCTION: The lifetime prevalence of PTSD ranges from 6 to 20% and is often associated with comorbid disorders. Despite the significant impact of PTSD, specific data on healthcare utilization related to PTSD remain limited. This study aims to characterize PTSD-related hospitalizations in France over the past decade. METHODS: This nationwide longitudinal retrospective study analyzed PTSD-related hospitalizations in France from 2013 to 2022 using the French National Hospitals Database. Data included discharge records from general and psychiatric hospitals, detailing demographics, admission/discharge dates, ICD-10 diagnoses, and hospitalization specifics. RESULTS: Between 2013 and 2022, 69,108 patients underwent 125,349 hospitalizations with a PTSD diagnosis (0.4% of all inpatient cases) in France. Psychiatric facilities accounted for 74,988 hospitalizations (1% of all psychiatric inpatient cases in France), while general hospitals recorded 50,361 hospitalizations (0.02% of all non-psychiatric inpatient cases). The percentage of inpatients diagnosed with PTSD increased from 0.68 to 2.22% in psychiatric facilities and from 0.02 to 0.04% in general hospitals over the study period. Females were younger in both settings and had longer stays compared to males in psychiatric facilities. Over time, there was a decrease in median age and an increase in part-time hospitalizations in psychiatric facilities. Mood disorders, stress-related disorders, and substance use disorders were prevalent comorbidities in both settings. CONCLUSIONS: This study highlights a rise in PTSD-related hospitalizations in France, particularly in psychiatric facilities and after 2019, with high rates among women and an increase in hospitalization of younger individuals. These findings highlight the necessity for improved care strategies tailored to the increasing number of younger patients with PTSD.

@article{Dufrenois2025,
abstract = {Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a frequent disorder with high mental  health care utilization. This study aims to describe BPD hospitalization in France: using the French national hospitals database from 2013 to 2022, regarding sociodemographic factors and hospitalization characteristics. In total, this study included 121,235 patients. The sex ratio was 1.76 female for 1 male. The median age at hospitalization was 33 years. Most hospitalizations concerned female patients around 30 years old, were voluntary, full-time, in public facilities, and lasted around 14 days. Age at first hospitalization decreased between 2015 and 2022. Male patients were more often in public and compulsory care. Hospitalizations were longer when there were comorbidities. The most common comorbidities were mood disorders. The prevalence of BPD inpatients in 2022 approximates 6%. This is the first nationwide French study describing hospitalizations of patients with BPD. Factors influencing inpatient care should be further studied.},
author = {Dufrenois, Florian and Saint-Dizier, Chlo{\'{e}} and Veltz, Salom{\'{e}} and Valdenaire, Sacha and Chazard, Emmanuel and Bubrovszky, Maxime and Lamer, Antoine},
doi = {10.1002/pmh.70002},
issn = {1932-863X (Electronic)},
journal = {Personality and mental health},
keywords = {Adolescent,Adult,Borderline Personality Disorder,Comorbidity,Female,France,Hospitalization,Humans,Male,Middle Aged,Prevalence,Retrospective Studies,Young Adult,epidemiology,statistics & numerical data,therapy},
language = {eng},
month = {feb},
number = {1},
pages = {e70002},
pmid = {39779254},
title = {{Description of Borderline Personality Disorder Hospitalizations for Adolescents  and Adults in France Between 2013 and 2022: A Nationwide Retrospective Study.}},
volume = {19},
year = {2025}
}

Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a frequent disorder with high mental health care utilization. This study aims to describe BPD hospitalization in France: using the French national hospitals database from 2013 to 2022, regarding sociodemographic factors and hospitalization characteristics. In total, this study included 121,235 patients. The sex ratio was 1.76 female for 1 male. The median age at hospitalization was 33 years. Most hospitalizations concerned female patients around 30 years old, were voluntary, full-time, in public facilities, and lasted around 14 days. Age at first hospitalization decreased between 2015 and 2022. Male patients were more often in public and compulsory care. Hospitalizations were longer when there were comorbidities. The most common comorbidities were mood disorders. The prevalence of BPD inpatients in 2022 approximates 6%. This is the first nationwide French study describing hospitalizations of patients with BPD. Factors influencing inpatient care should be further studied.

@article{Eck2025,
abstract = {"Prison psychosis" is a historical concept that is still used in clinical  practice, but little explored in research. In this short paper, we propose to revisit this concept by studying first-episode psychosis (FEP) in the prison population. We analyzed a series of incarcerated people who were hospitalized for a FEP from November 2020 to May 2021 in a French facility. We dated the onset of the first psychotic symptoms (PSs) in relation to the date of incarceration and of hospitalization and we calculated the duration of untreated psychosis (DUP). While the characteristics of our sample were consistent with what we know about people diagnosed with psychosis in correctional settings (young men with positive symptoms and psychiatric comorbidities), we found great heterogeneity in the DUP and in the chronological sequence between incarceration and the onset of PSs. This preliminary but original work shows the diversity of first diagnosis of psychosis in prison, reflecting the multiplicity and complexity of interactions between psychosis and incarceration.},
author = {Eck, Marion and Mouchonnet, Margot and Vaglio, Ana{\"{i}}s and Thomas, Pierre and Amad, Ali and Fovet, Thomas},
doi = {10.1016/j.encep.2024.11.011},
issn = {0013-7006 (Print)},
journal = {L'Encephale},
language = {eng},
month = {feb},
pmid = {39922724},
title = {{First-episode psychosis among people who are incarcerated: What is hidden behind  the "prison psychosis" concept?}},
year = {2025}
}

"Prison psychosis" is a historical concept that is still used in clinical practice, but little explored in research. In this short paper, we propose to revisit this concept by studying first-episode psychosis (FEP) in the prison population. We analyzed a series of incarcerated people who were hospitalized for a FEP from November 2020 to May 2021 in a French facility. We dated the onset of the first psychotic symptoms (PSs) in relation to the date of incarceration and of hospitalization and we calculated the duration of untreated psychosis (DUP). While the characteristics of our sample were consistent with what we know about people diagnosed with psychosis in correctional settings (young men with positive symptoms and psychiatric comorbidities), we found great heterogeneity in the DUP and in the chronological sequence between incarceration and the onset of PSs. This preliminary but original work shows the diversity of first diagnosis of psychosis in prison, reflecting the multiplicity and complexity of interactions between psychosis and incarceration.

@article{Leaune2025,
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Although suicide bereavement is highly distressing and is associated with an increased risk of suicidal behaviors and mental and physical health impairments, those bereaved by suicide encounter difficulties accessing support. Digital resources offer new forms of support for bereaved people. However, digital resources dedicated to those bereaved by suicide are still limited. OBJECTIVE: This paper aimed to develop and implement an evidence-based, innovative, and adaptive online resource for people bereaved by suicide, based on their needs and expectations. METHODS: We performed a mixed methods, participatory, user-centered study seeking to build resources from the perspectives of people bereaved by suicide and professionals or volunteers working in the field of postvention. We used the Information System Research framework, which uses a three-stage research cycle, including (1) the relevance cycle, (2) the design cycle, and (3) the rigor cycle, and the Design Science Research framework. RESULTS: A total of 478 people participated in the study, including 451 people bereaved by suicide, 8 members of charities, and 19 mental health professionals working in the field of postvention. The development stage of the resource lasted 18 months, from October 2021 to March 2023. A total of 9 focus groups, 1 online survey, 30 usability tests, and 30 semistructured interviews were performed. A website for people bereaved by suicide named "espoir-suicide" was developed that includes (1) evidence-based information on suicide prevention and bereavement, (2) testimonies of people bereaved by suicide, (3) a delayed chat to ask questions on suicide and bereavement to a specialized team of mental health professionals, and (4) an interactive nationwide resource directory. The mean system usability score was 90.3 out of 100 for 30 participants, with 93% (n=28) of them having a rating above 80. Since the implementation of espoir-suicide in March 2023, a total of 19,400 connections have been recorded, 117 local resources have been registered nationwide, and 73 questions have been posted in the chat. CONCLUSIONS: The use of a mixed methods, participatory, user-centered design allowed us to implement an evidence-based, innovative, and functional website for people bereaved by suicide that was highly relevant for fulfilling the needs and expectations of French people bereaved by suicide. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID): RR2-10.3389/fpsyt.2021.770154.},
author = {Leaune, Edouard and Bislimi, Kushtrim and Lau-Ta{\"{i}}, Pauline and Rouz{\'{e}}, H{\'{e}}lo{\"{i}}se and Chalancon, Benoit and Lestienne, Laur{\`{e}}ne and Grandgen{\`{e}}vre, Pierre and Morgi{\`{e}}ve, Margot and Laplace, Nathalie and Vaiva, Guillaume and Haesebaert, Julie and Poulet, Emmanuel},
doi = {10.2196/56945},
issn = {2368-7959 (Electronic)},
journal = {JMIR mental health},
keywords = {Adult,Bereavement,Female,Humans,Internet,Male,Middle Aged,Social Support,Suicide,User-Centered Design,psychology},
language = {eng},
month = {jan},
pages = {e56945},
pmid = {39832356},
title = {{Codeveloping an Online Resource for People Bereaved by Suicide: Mixed Methods User-Centered Study.}},
volume = {12},
year = {2025}
}

BACKGROUND: Although suicide bereavement is highly distressing and is associated with an increased risk of suicidal behaviors and mental and physical health impairments, those bereaved by suicide encounter difficulties accessing support. Digital resources offer new forms of support for bereaved people. However, digital resources dedicated to those bereaved by suicide are still limited. OBJECTIVE: This paper aimed to develop and implement an evidence-based, innovative, and adaptive online resource for people bereaved by suicide, based on their needs and expectations. METHODS: We performed a mixed methods, participatory, user-centered study seeking to build resources from the perspectives of people bereaved by suicide and professionals or volunteers working in the field of postvention. We used the Information System Research framework, which uses a three-stage research cycle, including (1) the relevance cycle, (2) the design cycle, and (3) the rigor cycle, and the Design Science Research framework. RESULTS: A total of 478 people participated in the study, including 451 people bereaved by suicide, 8 members of charities, and 19 mental health professionals working in the field of postvention. The development stage of the resource lasted 18 months, from October 2021 to March 2023. A total of 9 focus groups, 1 online survey, 30 usability tests, and 30 semistructured interviews were performed. A website for people bereaved by suicide named "espoir-suicide" was developed that includes (1) evidence-based information on suicide prevention and bereavement, (2) testimonies of people bereaved by suicide, (3) a delayed chat to ask questions on suicide and bereavement to a specialized team of mental health professionals, and (4) an interactive nationwide resource directory. The mean system usability score was 90.3 out of 100 for 30 participants, with 93% (n=28) of them having a rating above 80. Since the implementation of espoir-suicide in March 2023, a total of 19,400 connections have been recorded, 117 local resources have been registered nationwide, and 73 questions have been posted in the chat. CONCLUSIONS: The use of a mixed methods, participatory, user-centered design allowed us to implement an evidence-based, innovative, and functional website for people bereaved by suicide that was highly relevant for fulfilling the needs and expectations of French people bereaved by suicide. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID): RR2-10.3389/fpsyt.2021.770154.

@article{Lenoble2025,
abstract = {BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Glaucoma can impact the ability to perform daily life  activities such as driving. In such tasks, reaction time is critical to detect hazards. Understanding the modalities that affect response times is thus essential for clinical care. SUBJECTS/METHOD: Simple reaction time tasks, in which participants respond as fast as possible to a stimulus, constitute a basic measure of processing speed. Simple reaction times to visual and auditory stimuli were compared to assess whether glaucomatous patients exhibit a general slowing in execution speed or a specific slowing in response to visual signals.Twenty participants with primary open angle glaucoma, 16 age-matched normally sighted controls and 16 young controls were instructed to press the space bar of the computer as soon as they detected a visual (a 3° black ring) or an auditory (a 440 Hz sound) signal. The two modalities were tested in independent blocks of 63 trials. RESULTS: Participants with glaucoma were significantly slower than young and older controls in the visual modality but not in the auditory modality, in which simple reaction times did not differ significantly between groups. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that the reduced processing speed in glaucoma cannot be attributed to motor or attentional impairments and probably results from a delay in the transmission of visual information.},
author = {Lenoble, Quentin and Rouland, Jean Fran{\c{c}}ois and Duault, Matthieu and Boucart, Muriel},
doi = {10.1177/11206721241310265},
issn = {1724-6016 (Electronic)},
journal = {European journal of ophthalmology},
language = {eng},
month = {jan},
pages = {11206721241310265},
pmid = {39748773},
title = {{Simple reaction time to visual and auditory stimulation in glaucoma.}},
year = {2025}
}

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Glaucoma can impact the ability to perform daily life activities such as driving. In such tasks, reaction time is critical to detect hazards. Understanding the modalities that affect response times is thus essential for clinical care. SUBJECTS/METHOD: Simple reaction time tasks, in which participants respond as fast as possible to a stimulus, constitute a basic measure of processing speed. Simple reaction times to visual and auditory stimuli were compared to assess whether glaucomatous patients exhibit a general slowing in execution speed or a specific slowing in response to visual signals.Twenty participants with primary open angle glaucoma, 16 age-matched normally sighted controls and 16 young controls were instructed to press the space bar of the computer as soon as they detected a visual (a 3° black ring) or an auditory (a 440 Hz sound) signal. The two modalities were tested in independent blocks of 63 trials. RESULTS: Participants with glaucoma were significantly slower than young and older controls in the visual modality but not in the auditory modality, in which simple reaction times did not differ significantly between groups. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that the reduced processing speed in glaucoma cannot be attributed to motor or attentional impairments and probably results from a delay in the transmission of visual information.

@article{Leroy2025,
abstract = {BACKGROUND: The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) A$\beta$(42/40) ratio has proven to be a more  reliable biomarker for amyloid pathology than CSF A$\beta$(42) in Alzheimer's disease (AD), helping to correctly classify patients with positive tau biomarkers (T+) that would otherwise have remained outside of the AD continuum. It was shown that the A$\beta$(42/40) ratio better captures a relative decrease of A$\beta$(42) in patients with high CSF A$\beta$. However, whether patients with high-amyloid (HiA) AD, in whom A+ is defined by the A$\beta$(42/40) ratio, exactly compare with their low-amyloid (LoA) counterparts, in whom A+ is defined by A$\beta$(42) solely, deserves further analysis. METHODS: We retrospectively included patients with A+T+ AD and evidence of cognitive and neurodegenerative changes (N+). LoA patients were operationally defined as patients with T+N+ and low CSF A$\beta$(42), while HiA patients were defined as patients with T+N+ and normal CSF A$\beta$(42) but abnormal A$\beta$(42/40) ratio. Tau CSF biomarkers, neuropsychological profile, rates of cognitive decline, structural and metabolic imaging, ApoE genotype and brain neuropathology were compared between the HiA and LoA groups. RESULTS: At the time of the lumbar puncture, LoA patients were significantly younger than the HiA patients (68.9±8.7years vs. 71.8±9.4; P=0.0015) and had a lower Mini-Mental Status Examination (MMSE) (18.7±6.4 vs. 20.7±6.2; P=0.0005). There was no difference in the neuropsychological profile nor in the annual rates of cognitive decline between the two groups with early AD. No differences were retrieved between groups on CSF Tau and P-Tau biomarkers, atrophy and brain metabolism, distribution of the APOE4 allele and APOE4/E4 genotype, and neuropathology. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, our study supports the surrogate use of the A$\beta$(42/40) ratio as an equivalent to A$\beta$(42) to define AD. We showed that HiA CSF profiles were not associated with differences in cognition, brain structures and metabolism, APOE genotype tau CSF biomarkers or the rates of cognitive decline, but may be the associated with later-onset and early-stage AD.},
author = {Leroy, M{\'{e}}lanie and Aziz, Anne Laure and Schraen, Susanna and Deramecourt, Vincent and Skrobala, Emilie and Lecerf, Simon and Pasquier, Florence and Huin, Vincent and Bertoux, Maxime and Lebouvier, Thibaud},
doi = {10.1016/j.neurol.2025.02.004},
issn = {0035-3787 (Print)},
journal = {Revue neurologique},
language = {eng},
month = {mar},
pmid = {40057456},
title = {{Comparing high and low amyloid producers in Alzheimer's disease: An in-depth  analysis.}},
year = {2025}
}

BACKGROUND: The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) A$β$(42/40) ratio has proven to be a more reliable biomarker for amyloid pathology than CSF A$β$(42) in Alzheimer's disease (AD), helping to correctly classify patients with positive tau biomarkers (T+) that would otherwise have remained outside of the AD continuum. It was shown that the A$β$(42/40) ratio better captures a relative decrease of A$β$(42) in patients with high CSF A$β$. However, whether patients with high-amyloid (HiA) AD, in whom A+ is defined by the A$β$(42/40) ratio, exactly compare with their low-amyloid (LoA) counterparts, in whom A+ is defined by A$β$(42) solely, deserves further analysis. METHODS: We retrospectively included patients with A+T+ AD and evidence of cognitive and neurodegenerative changes (N+). LoA patients were operationally defined as patients with T+N+ and low CSF A$β$(42), while HiA patients were defined as patients with T+N+ and normal CSF A$β$(42) but abnormal A$β$(42/40) ratio. Tau CSF biomarkers, neuropsychological profile, rates of cognitive decline, structural and metabolic imaging, ApoE genotype and brain neuropathology were compared between the HiA and LoA groups. RESULTS: At the time of the lumbar puncture, LoA patients were significantly younger than the HiA patients (68.9±8.7years vs. 71.8±9.4; P=0.0015) and had a lower Mini-Mental Status Examination (MMSE) (18.7±6.4 vs. 20.7±6.2; P=0.0005). There was no difference in the neuropsychological profile nor in the annual rates of cognitive decline between the two groups with early AD. No differences were retrieved between groups on CSF Tau and P-Tau biomarkers, atrophy and brain metabolism, distribution of the APOE4 allele and APOE4/E4 genotype, and neuropathology. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, our study supports the surrogate use of the A$β$(42/40) ratio as an equivalent to A$β$(42) to define AD. We showed that HiA CSF profiles were not associated with differences in cognition, brain structures and metabolism, APOE genotype tau CSF biomarkers or the rates of cognitive decline, but may be the associated with later-onset and early-stage AD.

@article{Luccarelli2025,
abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Catatonia is a neuropsychiatric disorder that is associated with a  range of medical and psychiatric illnesses. Although many single-center studies have been conducted, uncertainty over the population-based incidence and prevalence of the disorder remains. This study reports on the incidence and prevalence rates of catatonia extrapolated from two large epidemiologic studies in the United Kingdom and United States. METHODS: Incidence rates (defined as the number of catatonic episodes per 100,000 person-years) and prevalence rates (defined as the proportion of individuals with catatonia in a given year) were calculated from the two studies. RESULTS: U.K. data showed an incidence of 4.34 (95% CI=3.98-4.72) catatonic episodes per 100,000 person-years with an average 1-year prevalence of 4.39 (95% CI=4.03-4.77) catatonic episodes per 100,000 persons. U.S. data revealed a 1-year prevalence of 5.15 (95% CI=5.08-5.23) catatonia-related hospitalizations per 100,000 persons. CONCLUSIONS: Catatonia is a rare disorder, qualifying as an orphan disease under both European Medicines Agency and U.S. Food and Drug Administration criteria. Further research is needed to rigorously define the epidemiology of catatonia in other populations.},
author = {Luccarelli, James and Smith, Joshua R and Kalinich, Mark and Amad, Ali and Rogers, Jonathan P},
doi = {10.1176/appi.neuropsych.20240072},
issn = {1545-7222 (Electronic)},
journal = {The Journal of neuropsychiatry and clinical neurosciences},
language = {eng},
month = {jan},
pages = {appineuropsych20240072},
pmid = {39789943},
title = {{The Population-Based Incidence and Prevalence of Catatonia.}},
year = {2025}
}

OBJECTIVE: Catatonia is a neuropsychiatric disorder that is associated with a range of medical and psychiatric illnesses. Although many single-center studies have been conducted, uncertainty over the population-based incidence and prevalence of the disorder remains. This study reports on the incidence and prevalence rates of catatonia extrapolated from two large epidemiologic studies in the United Kingdom and United States. METHODS: Incidence rates (defined as the number of catatonic episodes per 100,000 person-years) and prevalence rates (defined as the proportion of individuals with catatonia in a given year) were calculated from the two studies. RESULTS: U.K. data showed an incidence of 4.34 (95% CI=3.98-4.72) catatonic episodes per 100,000 person-years with an average 1-year prevalence of 4.39 (95% CI=4.03-4.77) catatonic episodes per 100,000 persons. U.S. data revealed a 1-year prevalence of 5.15 (95% CI=5.08-5.23) catatonia-related hospitalizations per 100,000 persons. CONCLUSIONS: Catatonia is a rare disorder, qualifying as an orphan disease under both European Medicines Agency and U.S. Food and Drug Administration criteria. Further research is needed to rigorously define the epidemiology of catatonia in other populations.

@article{Niot2025,
abstract = {OBJECTIVES: Medication compliance in lithium-treated patients is poor (43-46%)  and may be responsible for relapse or toxicity. Improving understanding of treatment principles leads to increased medication adherence. To do this, targeted and personalised pharmaceutical interviews on lithium were developed and implemented by a clinical pharmacy team in adult psychiatric departments of the Lille university hospital center. The primary aim of this work was to assess medication adherence with lithium, patients' understanding of the drug and of potential adverse effects. A secondary objective was to evaluate the feasibility of these pharmaceutical interviews in practice. METHODS: Implementation of self-assessment questionnaires measuring medication adherence (Medication Adherence Rating Scale) as well as knowledge of lithium and risk of exposure to toxic effects (Lithium Knowledge Test) of patients. Conducting targeted pharmaceutical interviews about lithium, and recording of time spent, satisfaction of medical teams and difficulties encountered. RESULTS: Twenty patients were included in the 6-month study. Every patient benefited from a personalized pharmaceutical interview by a pharmacy intern focused on lithium during his hospitalization. Lithium adherence, patient knowledge and risk exposure to lithium toxicity was 5.5±0.9 (target ≥8), 8.9±0.9 (target >6) and 4.0±0.5 (target <4). The median time required for these new activities was 95minutes per patient. Medical satisfaction was observed in 70% to 100% of cases depending on the criterion assessed. The lack of pharmaceutical time and communication difficulties were the main obstacles encountered. CONCLUSION: Medication compliance in patients treated with lithium is poor as described in the literature. To improve this and to optimise drug management, patients have benefited from targeted and personalised pharmaceutical interviews. The satisfaction of patients and the medical team made it possible to sustain these new pharmaceutical activities.},
author = {Niot, Candice and Cuvelier, Elodie and Leroy, Arnaud and Vaiva, Guillaume and Maron, Michel and Cottencin, Oliver and Odou, Pascal and Amad, Ali and D{\'{e}}caudin, Bertrand},
doi = {10.1016/j.encep.2024.11.019},
issn = {0013-7006 (Print)},
journal = {L'Encephale},
language = {eng},
month = {mar},
pmid = {40089436},
title = {{Clinical pharmacy activities specific to patients treated with lithium.}},
year = {2025}
}

OBJECTIVES: Medication compliance in lithium-treated patients is poor (43-46%) and may be responsible for relapse or toxicity. Improving understanding of treatment principles leads to increased medication adherence. To do this, targeted and personalised pharmaceutical interviews on lithium were developed and implemented by a clinical pharmacy team in adult psychiatric departments of the Lille university hospital center. The primary aim of this work was to assess medication adherence with lithium, patients' understanding of the drug and of potential adverse effects. A secondary objective was to evaluate the feasibility of these pharmaceutical interviews in practice. METHODS: Implementation of self-assessment questionnaires measuring medication adherence (Medication Adherence Rating Scale) as well as knowledge of lithium and risk of exposure to toxic effects (Lithium Knowledge Test) of patients. Conducting targeted pharmaceutical interviews about lithium, and recording of time spent, satisfaction of medical teams and difficulties encountered. RESULTS: Twenty patients were included in the 6-month study. Every patient benefited from a personalized pharmaceutical interview by a pharmacy intern focused on lithium during his hospitalization. Lithium adherence, patient knowledge and risk exposure to lithium toxicity was 5.5±0.9 (target ≥8), 8.9±0.9 (target >6) and 4.0±0.5 (target <4). The median time required for these new activities was 95minutes per patient. Medical satisfaction was observed in 70% to 100% of cases depending on the criterion assessed. The lack of pharmaceutical time and communication difficulties were the main obstacles encountered. CONCLUSION: Medication compliance in patients treated with lithium is poor as described in the literature. To improve this and to optimise drug management, patients have benefited from targeted and personalised pharmaceutical interviews. The satisfaction of patients and the medical team made it possible to sustain these new pharmaceutical activities.

@article{Notredame2025,
abstract = {On January 9, 2022, Belgian pop singer Stromae performed his new hit "L'enfer" live on French TV. The song addresses his personal struggles with suicidal ideation. To evaluate the impact of Stromae's performance, we modeled the evolution of hospital admission rates for suicide attempts (SAs) in France, calls to the national suicide prevention helpline (3114), and Twitter publications mentioning the singer or the helpline. We employed the Gombay test to identify change points within each time series. We identified a significant increase in mean SA rates among women aged 20-24 years 6 days after the singer's performance. No similar effect was observed in the general population or other young age groups. The show was immediately followed by a peak in tweets referring to the singer, while Twitter activity related to the 3114 remained modest. We did not observe any increase in calls to the helpline. Celebrity testimonies about suicidal experiences can help alleviate stigma but should be accompanied by prevention messages to reduce the risk of contagion.},
author = {Notredame, Charles-{\'{E}}douard and Saint-Dizier, Chlo{\'{e}} and Lamer, Antoine and Nogue, Erika and Fares, Emile and Lemdani, Mohamed and Vaiva, Guillauma and Courtet, Philippe and Oli{\'{e}}, Emilie},
doi = {10.1192/j.eurpsy.2024.1805},
issn = {1778-3585},
journal = {European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists},
keywords = {Adolescent,Adult,Attempted,Female,France,Hotlines,Humans,Male,Middle Aged,Social Media,Suicidal Ideation,Suicide,Young Adult,epidemiology,psychology,statistics & numerical data},
language = {eng},
month = {jan},
number = {1},
pages = {e14},
pmid = {39781612},
title = {{The impact of the live broadcast of Stromae's song L'enfer on social media publications, calls to the national helpline, and suicide attempt rates in France.}},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/39781612},
volume = {68},
year = {2025}
}

On January 9, 2022, Belgian pop singer Stromae performed his new hit "L'enfer" live on French TV. The song addresses his personal struggles with suicidal ideation. To evaluate the impact of Stromae's performance, we modeled the evolution of hospital admission rates for suicide attempts (SAs) in France, calls to the national suicide prevention helpline (3114), and Twitter publications mentioning the singer or the helpline. We employed the Gombay test to identify change points within each time series. We identified a significant increase in mean SA rates among women aged 20-24 years 6 days after the singer's performance. No similar effect was observed in the general population or other young age groups. The show was immediately followed by a peak in tweets referring to the singer, while Twitter activity related to the 3114 remained modest. We did not observe any increase in calls to the helpline. Celebrity testimonies about suicidal experiences can help alleviate stigma but should be accompanied by prevention messages to reduce the risk of contagion.

@article{Badinier2024,
abstract = {Catatonia is a well characterized psychomotor syndrome combining motor,  behavioural and neurovegetative signs. Benzodiazepines are the first-choice treatment, effective in 70 % of cases. Currently, the factors associated with benzodiazepine resistance remain unknown. We aimed to develop machine learning models using clinical and neuroimaging data to predict benzodiazepine response in catatonic patients. This study examined a cohort of catatonic patients who underwent standardized clinical evaluation, 3 T brain MRI, and benzodiazepine trial. Based on clinical response, patients were classified as benzodiazepine responders or non-responders. Cortical thickness and regional brain volumes were measured. Two machine learning models (linear model and gradient boosting tree model) were developed to identify predictors of treatment response using clinical, demographic, and neuroimaging data. The cohort included 65 catatonic patients, comprising 30 benzodiazepine responders and 35 non-responders. Using clinical data alone, the linear model achieved 63% precision, 51% recall, a specificity of 61%, and 58% AUC, while the gradient boosting tree (GBT) model attained 46% precision, 60% recall, a specificity of 62% and 64% AUC. Incorporating neuroimaging data improved model performance, with the linear model achieving 66% precision, 57% recall, a specificity of 67%, and 70% AUC, and the GBT model attaining 50% precision, 50% recall, a specificity of 62% and 70% AUC. The integration of imaging data with demographic and clinical information significantly enhanced the predictive performance of the models. The duration of the catatonic syndrome, along with the presence of mitgehen (passive obedience) and immobility/stupor, and the volume of the right medial orbito-frontal cortex emerged as important factors in predicting non-response to benzodiazepines.},
author = {Badinier, Jane and Lopes, Renaud and Mastellari, Tomas and Fovet, Thomas and Williams, Steven C R and Pruvo, Jean-Pierre and Amad, Ali},
doi = {10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.02.039},
issn = {1879-1379 (Electronic)},
journal = {Journal of psychiatric research},
keywords = {Benzodiazepines,Catatonia,Frontal Lobe,Humans,Neuroimaging,diagnostic imaging,drug therapy,therapeutic use},
language = {eng},
month = {apr},
pages = {300--306},
pmid = {38430659},
title = {{Clinical and neuroimaging predictors of benzodiazepine response in catatonia: A  machine learning approach.}},
volume = {172},
year = {2024}
}

Catatonia is a well characterized psychomotor syndrome combining motor, behavioural and neurovegetative signs. Benzodiazepines are the first-choice treatment, effective in 70 % of cases. Currently, the factors associated with benzodiazepine resistance remain unknown. We aimed to develop machine learning models using clinical and neuroimaging data to predict benzodiazepine response in catatonic patients. This study examined a cohort of catatonic patients who underwent standardized clinical evaluation, 3 T brain MRI, and benzodiazepine trial. Based on clinical response, patients were classified as benzodiazepine responders or non-responders. Cortical thickness and regional brain volumes were measured. Two machine learning models (linear model and gradient boosting tree model) were developed to identify predictors of treatment response using clinical, demographic, and neuroimaging data. The cohort included 65 catatonic patients, comprising 30 benzodiazepine responders and 35 non-responders. Using clinical data alone, the linear model achieved 63% precision, 51% recall, a specificity of 61%, and 58% AUC, while the gradient boosting tree (GBT) model attained 46% precision, 60% recall, a specificity of 62% and 64% AUC. Incorporating neuroimaging data improved model performance, with the linear model achieving 66% precision, 57% recall, a specificity of 67%, and 70% AUC, and the GBT model attaining 50% precision, 50% recall, a specificity of 62% and 70% AUC. The integration of imaging data with demographic and clinical information significantly enhanced the predictive performance of the models. The duration of the catatonic syndrome, along with the presence of mitgehen (passive obedience) and immobility/stupor, and the volume of the right medial orbito-frontal cortex emerged as important factors in predicting non-response to benzodiazepines.

@article{Baillet2024,
abstract = {Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has not been associated with increases in suicidal behavior at the national, regional, or county level. However, previous studies were not conducted on a finer scale or adjusted for ecological factors. Objective: Our objective was to assess the fine-scale spatiotemporal association between self-harm and COVID-19 hospitalizations, while considering ecological factors. Methods: Using the French national hospital discharge database, we extracted data on hospitalizations for self-harm of patients older than 10 years (from 2019 to 2021) or for COVID-19 (from 2020 to 2021) in metropolitan France. We first calculated monthly standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) for COVID-19 between March 2020 and December 2021, using a Besag, York, and Molli{\'{e}} spatiotemporal model. Next, we entered the SIRs into an ecological regression in order to test the association between hospital admissions for self-harm and those for COVID-19. Lastly, we adjusted for ecological variables with time lags of 0 to 6 months. Results: Compared with a smoothed SIR of ≤1, smoothed SIRs from 1 to 3, from 3 to 4, and greater than 4 for COVID-19 hospital admissions were associated with a subsequent increase in hospital admissions for self-harm, with a time lag of 2 to 4 months, 4 months, and 6 months, respectively. Conclusions: A high SIR for hospital admissions for COVID-19 was a risk factor for hospital admission for self-harm some months after the epidemic peaks. This finding emphasizes the importance of monitoring and seeking to prevent suicide attempts outside the epidemic peak periods.},
author = {Baillet, Ma{\"{e}}lle and Wathelet, Marielle and Lamer, Antoine and Fr{\'{e}}vent, Camille and Fovet, Thomas and D'Hondt, Fabien and Notredame, Charles Edouard and Vaiva, Guillaume and G{\'{e}}nin, Michael},
doi = {10.2196/52759},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/Downloads/jmir_public_health_covid_ts.pdf:pdf},
issn = {23692960},
journal = {JMIR public health and surveillance},
keywords = {COVID-19,data reuse,ecological regression,self-harm,spatiotemporal analysis},
language = {eng},
month = {aug},
pages = {e52759},
pmid = {39189893},
publisher = {JMIR Publications},
title = {{Association Between COVID-19 and Self-Harm: Nationwide Retrospective Ecological Spatiotemporal Study in Metropolitan France}},
volume = {10},
year = {2024}
}

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has not been associated with increases in suicidal behavior at the national, regional, or county level. However, previous studies were not conducted on a finer scale or adjusted for ecological factors. Objective: Our objective was to assess the fine-scale spatiotemporal association between self-harm and COVID-19 hospitalizations, while considering ecological factors. Methods: Using the French national hospital discharge database, we extracted data on hospitalizations for self-harm of patients older than 10 years (from 2019 to 2021) or for COVID-19 (from 2020 to 2021) in metropolitan France. We first calculated monthly standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) for COVID-19 between March 2020 and December 2021, using a Besag, York, and Mollié spatiotemporal model. Next, we entered the SIRs into an ecological regression in order to test the association between hospital admissions for self-harm and those for COVID-19. Lastly, we adjusted for ecological variables with time lags of 0 to 6 months. Results: Compared with a smoothed SIR of ≤1, smoothed SIRs from 1 to 3, from 3 to 4, and greater than 4 for COVID-19 hospital admissions were associated with a subsequent increase in hospital admissions for self-harm, with a time lag of 2 to 4 months, 4 months, and 6 months, respectively. Conclusions: A high SIR for hospital admissions for COVID-19 was a risk factor for hospital admission for self-harm some months after the epidemic peaks. This finding emphasizes the importance of monitoring and seeking to prevent suicide attempts outside the epidemic peak periods.

@article{Bayen2024a,
abstract = {Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) affects all dimensions of the patient's and the caregiver's daily life. There are two questionnaires in German, Bela-A-k (for caregivers) and Bela-P-k (for PD patients), that can be used to assess the PD-related psychosocial burden in a dyad. The patient's and the caregiver's perspective of living with PD can be crosschecked. Four dimensions are explored: physical performance, emotional load, social relationships, and couple/family life. Objectives: The purpose of the study was to translate these questionnaires into French and to test them among patients and caregivers. Methods: The questionnaires were translated from German into French by forward and backward translation, followed by a cultural crosscheck. Participants were invited to test the consensual French version in its online administered version created via Lime Survey{\textregistered} software. Participants filled out the questionnaires twice (five-day interval) according to the test-retest method. Data analysis was performed with SPSS software. Results: Thirty dyads were recruited and eighteen completed the study. Bela-A-K showed strong temporal stability, though it was weak for the social relationships dimension. Bela-P-k showed strong internal consistency, but significant test-retest differences for ten items due to day-by-day changes in patient status. Conclusions: The questionnaires are useful and reliable for dyad-centered follow-up in case of PD. Some items of the Bela-P-k were simplified to improve its temporal stability, considering the patient's changing status through the day. The items concerning social relationships were adjusted for the Bela-A-k.},
author = {Bayen, S. and Heutte, J. and Vanderbecken, J. C. and Moreau, C. and Defebvre, L. and Billot, R. and Guiton, V. and Lemey, C. and Lingner, H. and Messaadi, W. and Devos, D. and Messaadi, N.},
doi = {10.1016/j.neurol.2023.07.009},
issn = {00353787},
journal = {Revue Neurologique},
keywords = {Burden assessment,Cross-check,Parkinson's disease,Patient's perspective,Translation},
language = {English},
number = {1-2},
pages = {24--32},
pmid = {37735017},
title = {{Crosschecking the subjective everyday Parkinson's experience among patients and their caregiving spouses: French versions of the Belastungsfragebogen Parkinson Kurzversion (Bela-P-k and Bela-A-k)}},
volume = {180},
year = {2024}
}

Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) affects all dimensions of the patient's and the caregiver's daily life. There are two questionnaires in German, Bela-A-k (for caregivers) and Bela-P-k (for PD patients), that can be used to assess the PD-related psychosocial burden in a dyad. The patient's and the caregiver's perspective of living with PD can be crosschecked. Four dimensions are explored: physical performance, emotional load, social relationships, and couple/family life. Objectives: The purpose of the study was to translate these questionnaires into French and to test them among patients and caregivers. Methods: The questionnaires were translated from German into French by forward and backward translation, followed by a cultural crosscheck. Participants were invited to test the consensual French version in its online administered version created via Lime Survey® software. Participants filled out the questionnaires twice (five-day interval) according to the test-retest method. Data analysis was performed with SPSS software. Results: Thirty dyads were recruited and eighteen completed the study. Bela-A-K showed strong temporal stability, though it was weak for the social relationships dimension. Bela-P-k showed strong internal consistency, but significant test-retest differences for ten items due to day-by-day changes in patient status. Conclusions: The questionnaires are useful and reliable for dyad-centered follow-up in case of PD. Some items of the Bela-P-k were simplified to improve its temporal stability, considering the patient's changing status through the day. The items concerning social relationships were adjusted for the Bela-A-k.

@article{Bayen2024,
abstract = {BACKGROUND: In France, 40% of people aged >16 years (20 million) report having at  least one chronic disease requiring long-term treatment. Compliance with treatment at home is estimated to be 50% on average. AIM: To study the practical management of oral treatments at home by people living with one or more chronic diseases. DESIGN & SETTING: A quantitative, descriptive, observational, cross-sectional study. Thirty GPs in France were invited by email to enrol 10 consecutive patients with chronic diseases. METHOD: Standardised questionnaires were used to assess the sociodemographic profile of doctors and patients, and the management of oral medication at home. RESULTS: Twenty GPs collected 180 questionnaires of which 70% responders said they did not find taking their medication a problem; 43% used a pillbox; 79% said they knew 'all' their medications; and 61% reported forgetting to take their medication (versus 30% who reported never forgetting to take their medication). CONCLUSION: More than half of patients are non-adherent to taking oral medication at home for their long-term conditions. Personalised reminders could reduce unintentional medication non-adherence.},
author = {Bayen, Sabine and Haegeman, Yolaine and Messaadi, Nassir and Bayen, Marc and Ponchant, Maurice and Haro, Anthony and Quersin, Fran{\c{c}}ois and Calafiore, Matthieu},
doi = {10.3399/BJGPO.2024.0027},
issn = {2398-3795 (Electronic)},
journal = {BJGP open},
language = {eng},
month = {nov},
pmid = {38964870},
title = {{Chronic disease medication management at home: a quantitative survey among 180  patients.}},
year = {2024}
}

BACKGROUND: In France, 40% of people aged >16 years (20 million) report having at least one chronic disease requiring long-term treatment. Compliance with treatment at home is estimated to be 50% on average. AIM: To study the practical management of oral treatments at home by people living with one or more chronic diseases. DESIGN & SETTING: A quantitative, descriptive, observational, cross-sectional study. Thirty GPs in France were invited by email to enrol 10 consecutive patients with chronic diseases. METHOD: Standardised questionnaires were used to assess the sociodemographic profile of doctors and patients, and the management of oral medication at home. RESULTS: Twenty GPs collected 180 questionnaires of which 70% responders said they did not find taking their medication a problem; 43% used a pillbox; 79% said they knew 'all' their medications; and 61% reported forgetting to take their medication (versus 30% who reported never forgetting to take their medication). CONCLUSION: More than half of patients are non-adherent to taking oral medication at home for their long-term conditions. Personalised reminders could reduce unintentional medication non-adherence.

@article{Biardeau2024,
abstract = {Purpose: Chronic idiopathic urinary retention (CIUR) in young women is poorly understood and a probable etiology is established only in around 40%, most commonly a primary disorder of external urethral sphincter relaxation, sometimes referred to as Fowler's syndrome. A high prevalence of psychological and functional comorbidities is reported, however these have been poorly characterized. Materials and Methods: Women consecutively referred for the assessment and management of CIUR were evaluated cross-sectionally for 13 psychological/ behavioral domains using a structured clinical interview: depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), other psychiatric history, functional neurological disorder, other functional syndromes, childhood and adult trauma, personality disorder, and self-harm (ever/current). Results: A total of 91 women (mean age [SD]: 34 [11] years) were evaluated. Women with Fowler's syndrome (n [ 69) were younger (mean age [SD]: 32 [9] vs 40 [13] years) than women without Fowler's syndrome and reported shorter mean duration of urinary symptoms (mean [SD]: 5 [6] vs 10 [9]). A high prevalence of psychiatric and psychological comorbidities was reported (97%) including current depression (77%), current anxiety (78%), and PTSD (32%). A high prevalence of functional neurological disorder (56%) and other functional symptoms (65%) was also reported. Self-harm was reported in (14%) and personality disorder in 16%. Childhood trauma was reported in 35% of women. Conclusions: Young women with CIUR report a high burden of psychiatric disorders, affective symptoms, trauma, PTSD, self-harm, and functional neurological disorder, particularly in those with Fowler's syndrome. These factors can undermine the engagement with health care professionals and affect management and should therefore be addressed during the urological assessment.},
author = {Biardeau, Xavier and Moumen, Caroline and Demeestere, Amelie and Morell-Dubois, Sandrine and D'Hondt, Fabien and Horn, Mathilde and Selai, Caroline and Lee, Cheng Hung and Simeoni, Sara and Pakzad, Mahreen and Joyce, Eileen and Petrochilos, Pany and Rantell, Khadija Rehrou and Boico, Vasile and Panicker, Jalesh N.},
doi = {10.1097/JU.0000000000003983},
issn = {15273792},
journal = {Journal of Urology},
keywords = {Fowler's syndrome,chronic idiopathic urinary retention},
language = {eng},
month = {aug},
number = {1},
pages = {136--144},
pmid = {39172805},
title = {{High Prevalence of Psychological Comorbidities and Functional Neurological Symptoms in Women With Urinary Retention}},
volume = {212},
year = {2024}
}

Purpose: Chronic idiopathic urinary retention (CIUR) in young women is poorly understood and a probable etiology is established only in around 40%, most commonly a primary disorder of external urethral sphincter relaxation, sometimes referred to as Fowler's syndrome. A high prevalence of psychological and functional comorbidities is reported, however these have been poorly characterized. Materials and Methods: Women consecutively referred for the assessment and management of CIUR were evaluated cross-sectionally for 13 psychological/ behavioral domains using a structured clinical interview: depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), other psychiatric history, functional neurological disorder, other functional syndromes, childhood and adult trauma, personality disorder, and self-harm (ever/current). Results: A total of 91 women (mean age [SD]: 34 [11] years) were evaluated. Women with Fowler's syndrome (n [ 69) were younger (mean age [SD]: 32 [9] vs 40 [13] years) than women without Fowler's syndrome and reported shorter mean duration of urinary symptoms (mean [SD]: 5 [6] vs 10 [9]). A high prevalence of psychiatric and psychological comorbidities was reported (97%) including current depression (77%), current anxiety (78%), and PTSD (32%). A high prevalence of functional neurological disorder (56%) and other functional symptoms (65%) was also reported. Self-harm was reported in (14%) and personality disorder in 16%. Childhood trauma was reported in 35% of women. Conclusions: Young women with CIUR report a high burden of psychiatric disorders, affective symptoms, trauma, PTSD, self-harm, and functional neurological disorder, particularly in those with Fowler's syndrome. These factors can undermine the engagement with health care professionals and affect management and should therefore be addressed during the urological assessment.

@article{Blanckaert2024,
abstract = {CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Crowding limits many daily life activities, such as reading  and the visual search for objects in cluttered environments. Excessive sensitivity to crowding, especially in central vision, may amplify the difficulties of patients with ocular pathologies. It is thus important to investigate what limits visual activities and how to improve it. BACKGROUND: Numerous studies have reported reduced contrast sensitivity in central vision in patients with glaucoma. However, deficits have also been observed for letter recognition at high contrast, suggesting that contrast alone cannot completely account for impaired central perception. METHOD: Seventeen patients and fifteen age-matched controls were randomly presented with letters in central or parafoveal vision at 5° eccentricity for 200 ms. They were asked to decide whether the central T was upright or inverted. The T was either presented in isolation (uncrowded) or flanked by two Hs (crowded) at various spacings. Contrast was manipulated: 60% and 5%. RESULTS: Compared to controls, patients exhibited a significant effect of crowding in central vision, with higher accuracy for the isolated T than for HTH only at low contrast. In parafoveal vision, an effect of crowding was also observed only in patients. The spacing to escape crowding varied as a function of contrast. Larger spacing was required at low contrast than at high contrast. Susceptibility to crowding was related to central visual field defect for central presentations and to contrast sensitivity for parafoveal presentations, only at low contrast. Controls were at ceiling level both for central and parafoveal presentations. CONCLUSION: Crowding limits visual perception, impeding reading and object recognition in cluttered environments. Visual field defects and lower contrast sensitivity in glaucoma can increase susceptibility to central and parafoveal crowding, the deleterious effect of which can be improved by manipulating contrast and spacing between elements.},
author = {Blanckaert, Edouard and Rouland, Jean Fran{\c{c}}ois and Davost, Theophile and Warniez, Aude and Boucart, Muriel},
doi = {10.1080/08164622.2022.2124848},
issn = {1444-0938 (Electronic)},
journal = {Clinical & experimental optometry},
keywords = {Contrast Sensitivity,Glaucoma,Humans,Pattern Recognition, Visual,Scotoma,Visual Perception},
language = {eng},
month = {mar},
number = {2},
pages = {227--233},
pmid = {36183782},
title = {{Higher susceptibility to central crowding in glaucoma.}},
volume = {107},
year = {2024}
}

CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Crowding limits many daily life activities, such as reading and the visual search for objects in cluttered environments. Excessive sensitivity to crowding, especially in central vision, may amplify the difficulties of patients with ocular pathologies. It is thus important to investigate what limits visual activities and how to improve it. BACKGROUND: Numerous studies have reported reduced contrast sensitivity in central vision in patients with glaucoma. However, deficits have also been observed for letter recognition at high contrast, suggesting that contrast alone cannot completely account for impaired central perception. METHOD: Seventeen patients and fifteen age-matched controls were randomly presented with letters in central or parafoveal vision at 5° eccentricity for 200 ms. They were asked to decide whether the central T was upright or inverted. The T was either presented in isolation (uncrowded) or flanked by two Hs (crowded) at various spacings. Contrast was manipulated: 60% and 5%. RESULTS: Compared to controls, patients exhibited a significant effect of crowding in central vision, with higher accuracy for the isolated T than for HTH only at low contrast. In parafoveal vision, an effect of crowding was also observed only in patients. The spacing to escape crowding varied as a function of contrast. Larger spacing was required at low contrast than at high contrast. Susceptibility to crowding was related to central visual field defect for central presentations and to contrast sensitivity for parafoveal presentations, only at low contrast. Controls were at ceiling level both for central and parafoveal presentations. CONCLUSION: Crowding limits visual perception, impeding reading and object recognition in cluttered environments. Visual field defects and lower contrast sensitivity in glaucoma can increase susceptibility to central and parafoveal crowding, the deleterious effect of which can be improved by manipulating contrast and spacing between elements.

@article{Boucart2024,
abstract = {BACKGROUND: As the elderly population is growing worldwide and communication is  increasingly relayed by visual interfaces, identifying age-related changes in the visual perception of complex stimuli is critical. We examined the effect of spatial frequency filtering on object categorization in young (mean 25 years) and older (mean 65 years) participants. METHOD: The stimuli used were low spatial frequency (LSF, cutoff 8 cpi) or high spatial frequency (HSF, cutoff 24 cpi) images of objects of various categories, and hybrid images composed of a LSF object superimposed on a HSF object from a different semantic category. Participants were asked to press a key when they detected an object from a specified category (e.g., animal). RESULTS: Young participants categorized efficiently LSF and HSF images, and exhibited a bias towards the HSF component of hybrid images. Older participants showed a better performance on LSF than on HSF images and exhibited a strong bias towards the LSF component of hybrid image. CONCLUSION: The results show that LSF are better preserved than HSF in older people. The greater interference of LSF than HSF in older than in young adults suggests that LSF are available earlier than HSF in older people.},
author = {Boucart, Muriel and Lenoble, Quentin and Peyrin, Carole},
doi = {10.1080/0361073X.2024.2435779},
issn = {1096-4657 (Electronic)},
journal = {Experimental aging research},
language = {eng},
month = {nov},
pages = {1--12},
pmid = {39612271},
title = {{Age Difference on the Spatial Scale of Object Categorization.}},
year = {2024}
}

BACKGROUND: As the elderly population is growing worldwide and communication is increasingly relayed by visual interfaces, identifying age-related changes in the visual perception of complex stimuli is critical. We examined the effect of spatial frequency filtering on object categorization in young (mean 25 years) and older (mean 65 years) participants. METHOD: The stimuli used were low spatial frequency (LSF, cutoff 8 cpi) or high spatial frequency (HSF, cutoff 24 cpi) images of objects of various categories, and hybrid images composed of a LSF object superimposed on a HSF object from a different semantic category. Participants were asked to press a key when they detected an object from a specified category (e.g., animal). RESULTS: Young participants categorized efficiently LSF and HSF images, and exhibited a bias towards the HSF component of hybrid images. Older participants showed a better performance on LSF than on HSF images and exhibited a strong bias towards the LSF component of hybrid image. CONCLUSION: The results show that LSF are better preserved than HSF in older people. The greater interference of LSF than HSF in older than in young adults suggests that LSF are available earlier than HSF in older people.

@article{Bramness2024,
abstract = {Introduction: Training in addiction medicine and addiction psychology is essential to ensure the quality of treatment for patients with substance use disorders. Some earlier research has shown varying training between countries, but no comprehensive study of addiction training across Europe has been performed. The present study by the European Federation for Addiction Societies (EUFAS) aimed to fill this gap. Methods: A Delphi process was used to develop a questionnaire on specialist training in addiction treatment in 24 European countries. The final questionnaire consisted of 14 questions on either addiction medicine or addiction psychology, covering the nature and content of the training and institutional approval, the number of academic professorial positions, and the estimated number of specialists in each country. Results: Information was not received from all countries, but six (Belgium, Denmark, Ireland, Italy, Poland, and Romania) reported no specialized addiction medicine training, while 17 countries did. Seven countries (Belgium, France, Ireland, Italy, Russia, Switzerland, and the Netherlands) reported no specialized addiction psychology training, while 14 countries did. Training content and evaluation methods varied. Approval was given either by governments, universities, or professional societies. Eighteen countries reported having professorships in addiction medicine and 12 in addiction psychology. The number of specialists in addiction medicine or psychology varied considerably across the countries. Discussion: The survey revealed a large heterogeneity in training in addiction medicine and addiction psychology across Europe. Several countries lacked formal training, and where formal training was present, there was a large variation in the length of the training. Harmonization of training, as is currently the case for other medical and psychology specializations, is warranted to ensure optimal treatment for this underserved patient group.},
author = {Bramness, J{\o}rgen G. and Leonhardt, Marja and Dom, Geert and Batalla, Albert and {Fl{\'{o}}rez Men{\'{e}}ndez}, Gerardo and Mann, Karl and Wurst, Friedrich Martin and Wojnar, Marcin and Drummond, Colin and Scafato, Emanuele and Gual, Antoni and Ribeiro, Cristina Maria and Cottencin, Olivier and Frischknecht, Ulrich and Rolland, Benjamin},
doi = {10.1159/000531502},
issn = {14219891},
journal = {European Addiction Research},
keywords = {Addiction,European Federation of Addiction Societies,Medicine,Psychology,Training},
language = {eng},
month = {aug},
number = {3},
pages = {127--137},
pmid = {37557089},
title = {{Education and Training in Addiction Medicine and Psychology across Europe: A EUFAS Survey}},
volume = {30},
year = {2024}
}

Introduction: Training in addiction medicine and addiction psychology is essential to ensure the quality of treatment for patients with substance use disorders. Some earlier research has shown varying training between countries, but no comprehensive study of addiction training across Europe has been performed. The present study by the European Federation for Addiction Societies (EUFAS) aimed to fill this gap. Methods: A Delphi process was used to develop a questionnaire on specialist training in addiction treatment in 24 European countries. The final questionnaire consisted of 14 questions on either addiction medicine or addiction psychology, covering the nature and content of the training and institutional approval, the number of academic professorial positions, and the estimated number of specialists in each country. Results: Information was not received from all countries, but six (Belgium, Denmark, Ireland, Italy, Poland, and Romania) reported no specialized addiction medicine training, while 17 countries did. Seven countries (Belgium, France, Ireland, Italy, Russia, Switzerland, and the Netherlands) reported no specialized addiction psychology training, while 14 countries did. Training content and evaluation methods varied. Approval was given either by governments, universities, or professional societies. Eighteen countries reported having professorships in addiction medicine and 12 in addiction psychology. The number of specialists in addiction medicine or psychology varied considerably across the countries. Discussion: The survey revealed a large heterogeneity in training in addiction medicine and addiction psychology across Europe. Several countries lacked formal training, and where formal training was present, there was a large variation in the length of the training. Harmonization of training, as is currently the case for other medical and psychology specializations, is warranted to ensure optimal treatment for this underserved patient group.

@article{Caron2024,
abstract = {We aimed to explore if psychostimulant use among student could be linked to  attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms using a self-administered questionnaire sent by email to French students in 2021. Participants were asked about their psychostimulant use and the presence of ADHD symptoms using the Wender Utah Rating Scale and the Adult Self-Report Scale. Among the 4431 respondents, the prevalence of psychostimulant use was concerning and significantly associated with ADHD symptoms. This association could be related to undiagnosed ADHD or to psychobehavioral impairments induced by psychostimulant use underlining the need of ADHD screening and targeted prevention measures.},
author = {Caron, Cl{\'{e}}ment and Dondaine, Thibaut and Bastien, Axel and Ch{\'{e}}rot, Nathalie and Deheul, Sylvie and Gautier, Sophie and Cottencin, Olivier and Moreau-Cr{\'{e}}peaux, Sophie and Bordet, R{\'{e}}gis and Carton, Louise},
doi = {10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115630},
issn = {1872-7123 (Electronic)},
journal = {Psychiatry research},
keywords = {Adult,Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity,Central Nervous System Stimulants,Humans,Students,Substance-Related Disorders,Universities,adverse effects,drug therapy,epidemiology},
language = {eng},
month = {jan},
pages = {115630},
pmid = {38043409},
title = {{Could psychostimulant drug use among university students be related to ADHD  symptoms? A preliminary study.}},
volume = {331},
year = {2024}
}

We aimed to explore if psychostimulant use among student could be linked to attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms using a self-administered questionnaire sent by email to French students in 2021. Participants were asked about their psychostimulant use and the presence of ADHD symptoms using the Wender Utah Rating Scale and the Adult Self-Report Scale. Among the 4431 respondents, the prevalence of psychostimulant use was concerning and significantly associated with ADHD symptoms. This association could be related to undiagnosed ADHD or to psychobehavioral impairments induced by psychostimulant use underlining the need of ADHD screening and targeted prevention measures.

@article{Creupelandt2024,
author = {Creupelandt, Coralie and Veerapa, Emilie and Bugnet, Arnaud and Wathelet, Marielle and Demesmaeker, Alice and Grandgen{\`{e}}vre, Pierre and Vaiva, Guillaume and Fovet, Thomas and D'Hondt, Fabien and Grandgen{\`{e}}vre, Pierre and Vaiva, Guillaume and Fovet, Thomas and D'Hondt, Fabien},
doi = {10.1177/20451253241278872},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/Downloads/creupelandt-et-al-2024-comment-on-attentional-bias-modification-and-attention-control-training-in-ptsd-a-systematic (1).pdf:pdf},
issn = {2045-1253 (Print)},
journal = {Therapeutic Avances in Psychopharmacotherapy},
language = {eng},
pages = {1--2},
pmid = {39314214},
title = {{Comment on: Attentional bias modification and attention control training in PTSD: a systematic review and meta-analysis}},
volume = {14},
year = {2024}
}

@article{Davost2024,
abstract = {CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Measuring the impact of spatial attention on signal detection  in damaged parts of the visual field can be a useful tool for eye care practitioners. BACKGROUND: Studies on letter perception have shown that glaucoma exacerbates difficulties to detect a target within flankers (crowding) in parafoveal vision. A target can be missed because it is not seen or because attention was not focused at that location. This prospective study evaluates the contribution of spatial pre-cueing on target detection. METHOD: Fifteen patients and 15 age-matched controls were presented with letters displayed for 200 ms. Participants were asked to identify the orientation of the target letter T in two conditions: an isolated letter (uncrowded condition) and a letter with two flankers (crowded condition). The spacing between target and flankers was manipulated. The stimuli were randomly displayed at the fovea and at the parafovea at 5° left or right of fixation. A spatial cue preceded the stimuli in 50% of the trials. When present, the cue always signalled the correct location of the target. RESULTS: Pre-cueing the spatial location of the target significantly improved performance for both foveal and parafoveal presentations in patients but not in controls who were at ceiling level. Unlike controls, patients exhibited an effect of crowding at the fovea with a higher accuracy for the isolated target than for the target flanked by two letters with no spacing between the elements. CONCLUSION: Higher susceptibility to central crowding supports data showing abnormal foveal vision in glaucoma. Exogenous orienting of attention facilitates perception in parts of the visual field with reduced sensitivity.},
author = {Davost, Theophile and Rouland, Jean Fran{\c{c}}ois and Blanckaert, Edouard and Warniez, Aude and Boucart, Muriel},
doi = {10.1080/08164622.2023.2182185},
issn = {1444-0938 (Electronic)},
journal = {Clinical & experimental optometry},
keywords = {Attention,Glaucoma, Open-Angle,Humans,Pattern Recognition, Visual,Prospective Studies,Visual Fields,diagnosis},
language = {eng},
month = {mar},
number = {2},
pages = {219--226},
pmid = {36862980},
title = {{Spatial attention and central crowding in primary open angle glaucoma.}},
volume = {107},
year = {2024}
}

CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Measuring the impact of spatial attention on signal detection in damaged parts of the visual field can be a useful tool for eye care practitioners. BACKGROUND: Studies on letter perception have shown that glaucoma exacerbates difficulties to detect a target within flankers (crowding) in parafoveal vision. A target can be missed because it is not seen or because attention was not focused at that location. This prospective study evaluates the contribution of spatial pre-cueing on target detection. METHOD: Fifteen patients and 15 age-matched controls were presented with letters displayed for 200 ms. Participants were asked to identify the orientation of the target letter T in two conditions: an isolated letter (uncrowded condition) and a letter with two flankers (crowded condition). The spacing between target and flankers was manipulated. The stimuli were randomly displayed at the fovea and at the parafovea at 5° left or right of fixation. A spatial cue preceded the stimuli in 50% of the trials. When present, the cue always signalled the correct location of the target. RESULTS: Pre-cueing the spatial location of the target significantly improved performance for both foveal and parafoveal presentations in patients but not in controls who were at ceiling level. Unlike controls, patients exhibited an effect of crowding at the fovea with a higher accuracy for the isolated target than for the target flanked by two letters with no spacing between the elements. CONCLUSION: Higher susceptibility to central crowding supports data showing abnormal foveal vision in glaucoma. Exogenous orienting of attention facilitates perception in parts of the visual field with reduced sensitivity.

@article{DeGroote2024,
abstract = {INTRODUCTION: Beyond the memory deficits classically observed in individuals with  alcohol use disorder (IwAUD), research has recently focused on the study of autobiographical memory (AM) processes in IwAUD by analysing the content of AM narratives, and the implications for self-conception have been discussed. However, little is known about how IwAUD subjectively experience autobiographical recall. METHODS: Thirty-seven IwAUD and 37 control participants were invited to perform an AM task that involved recalling memories for 4 life periods (2 important memories per period). Then, they assessed their subjective experience during AM recall using 6 phenomenological scales evaluating emotional valence, emotional intensity, sensory details, distancing, sharing, and vividness. Anxiety and depression symptoms, interoceptive sensibility, and difficulties in emotion regulation were also measured. RESULTS: The IwAUD experienced greater distancing during AM recall, except during childhood AM recall, indicating that IwAUD are more prone to feeling that the person they are today is different from the person in their retrieved AMs. Very few intergroup differences were observed for AMs from childhood, adolescence-young adulthood, and adulthood, and a greater number of differences were observed for AMs from the last year: the IwAUD experienced AMs with a more negative valence, greater emotional intensity, fewer sensory details, greater distancing, and less sharing. A positive correlation was observed between distancing and interoceptive sensibility in the IwAUD group. CONCLUSION: Although these results suggest good preservation of autonoetic consciousness in IwAUD, except for more recent AMs, it is insufficient for IwAUD to experience a sense of self-continuity. This difficulty in maintaining a continuous sense of self may constitute a risk for AUD relapse.},
author = {{De Groote}, Clara and Tison, Philippe and Bertin, St{\'{e}}phanie and Cottencin, Olivier and Nandrino, Jean-Louis},
doi = {10.1159/000541804},
issn = {1423-033X (Electronic)},
journal = {Psychopathology},
language = {eng},
month = {nov},
pages = {1--12},
pmid = {39551044},
title = {{I Feel I Remember: The Phenomenology of Autobiographical Recall in Individuals  with Alcohol Use Disorder.}},
year = {2024}
}

INTRODUCTION: Beyond the memory deficits classically observed in individuals with alcohol use disorder (IwAUD), research has recently focused on the study of autobiographical memory (AM) processes in IwAUD by analysing the content of AM narratives, and the implications for self-conception have been discussed. However, little is known about how IwAUD subjectively experience autobiographical recall. METHODS: Thirty-seven IwAUD and 37 control participants were invited to perform an AM task that involved recalling memories for 4 life periods (2 important memories per period). Then, they assessed their subjective experience during AM recall using 6 phenomenological scales evaluating emotional valence, emotional intensity, sensory details, distancing, sharing, and vividness. Anxiety and depression symptoms, interoceptive sensibility, and difficulties in emotion regulation were also measured. RESULTS: The IwAUD experienced greater distancing during AM recall, except during childhood AM recall, indicating that IwAUD are more prone to feeling that the person they are today is different from the person in their retrieved AMs. Very few intergroup differences were observed for AMs from childhood, adolescence-young adulthood, and adulthood, and a greater number of differences were observed for AMs from the last year: the IwAUD experienced AMs with a more negative valence, greater emotional intensity, fewer sensory details, greater distancing, and less sharing. A positive correlation was observed between distancing and interoceptive sensibility in the IwAUD group. CONCLUSION: Although these results suggest good preservation of autonoetic consciousness in IwAUD, except for more recent AMs, it is insufficient for IwAUD to experience a sense of self-continuity. This difficulty in maintaining a continuous sense of self may constitute a risk for AUD relapse.

@article{DeMetz2024,
abstract = {INTRODUCTION: In April 2019, French authorities mandated dihydropyrimidine  dehydrogenase (DPD) screening, specifically testing uracilemia, to mitigate the risk of toxicity associated with fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy. However, this subject is still of debate as there is no consensus on a standardized DPD deficiency screening test. We conducted a real-life retrospective study with the aim of assessing the impact of DPD screening on the occurrence of severe toxicity and exploring the potential benefits of complete genotyping using next-generation sequencing. METHODS: All adult patients consecutively treated with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) or its oral prodrug at six cancer centers between March 2018 and February 2019 were considered for inclusion. Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase deficiency screening included gene encoding DPD (DPYD) genotyping using complete genome sequencing and DPD phenotyping (uracilemia or dihydrouracilemia/uracilemia ratio) or both tests. Associations between each DPD screening method and (i) severe (grade ≥3) early toxicity and (ii) fluoropyrimidine dose reduction in the second chemotherapy cycle were evaluated using multivariable logistic regression analysis. Furthermore, we assessed the concordance between DPD genotype and phenotype using Cohen's kappa. RESULTS: A total of 551 patients were included. Most patients were tested for DPD deficiency (86%) including DPYD genotyping only (6%), DPD phenotyping only (8%), or both (72%). Complete DPD deficiency was not detected in the study population. Severe early toxicity events were observed in 73 patients (13%), with two patients (0.30%) presenting grade 5 toxicity. Despite the numerically higher toxicity rate in untested patients, the occurrence of severe toxicity was not significantly associated with the DPD screening method (p = 0.69). Concordance between the DPD genotype and phenotype was weak (Cohen's kappa of 0.14). CONCLUSION: Due to insufficient numbers, our study was not able to demonstrate any added value of DPYD genotyping using complete genome sequencing to prevent 5-FU toxicity. The optimal strategy for DPD screening before fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy requires further clinical evaluation.},
author = {{De Metz}, C{\^{o}}me and Hennart, Benjamin and Aymes, Estelle and Cren, Pierre-Yves and Martign{\`{e}}ne, Niels and Penel, Nicolas and Barthoulot, Ma{\"{e}}l and Carnot, Aur{\'{e}}lien},
doi = {10.1002/cam4.7066},
issn = {2045-7634 (Electronic)},
journal = {Cancer medicine},
keywords = {Adult,Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic,Capecitabine,Dihydropyrimidine Dehydrogenase Deficiency,Dihydrouracil Dehydrogenase (NADP),Fluorouracil,Genotype,Humans,Retrospective Studies,complications,diagnosis,genetics,therapeutic use},
language = {eng},
month = {mar},
number = {6},
pages = {e7066},
pmid = {38523525},
title = {{Complete DPYD genotyping combined with dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase  phenotyping to prevent fluoropyrimidine toxicity: A retrospective study.}},
volume = {13},
year = {2024}
}

INTRODUCTION: In April 2019, French authorities mandated dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) screening, specifically testing uracilemia, to mitigate the risk of toxicity associated with fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy. However, this subject is still of debate as there is no consensus on a standardized DPD deficiency screening test. We conducted a real-life retrospective study with the aim of assessing the impact of DPD screening on the occurrence of severe toxicity and exploring the potential benefits of complete genotyping using next-generation sequencing. METHODS: All adult patients consecutively treated with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) or its oral prodrug at six cancer centers between March 2018 and February 2019 were considered for inclusion. Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase deficiency screening included gene encoding DPD (DPYD) genotyping using complete genome sequencing and DPD phenotyping (uracilemia or dihydrouracilemia/uracilemia ratio) or both tests. Associations between each DPD screening method and (i) severe (grade ≥3) early toxicity and (ii) fluoropyrimidine dose reduction in the second chemotherapy cycle were evaluated using multivariable logistic regression analysis. Furthermore, we assessed the concordance between DPD genotype and phenotype using Cohen's kappa. RESULTS: A total of 551 patients were included. Most patients were tested for DPD deficiency (86%) including DPYD genotyping only (6%), DPD phenotyping only (8%), or both (72%). Complete DPD deficiency was not detected in the study population. Severe early toxicity events were observed in 73 patients (13%), with two patients (0.30%) presenting grade 5 toxicity. Despite the numerically higher toxicity rate in untested patients, the occurrence of severe toxicity was not significantly associated with the DPD screening method (p = 0.69). Concordance between the DPD genotype and phenotype was weak (Cohen's kappa of 0.14). CONCLUSION: Due to insufficient numbers, our study was not able to demonstrate any added value of DPYD genotyping using complete genome sequencing to prevent 5-FU toxicity. The optimal strategy for DPD screening before fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy requires further clinical evaluation.

@article{Demesmaeker2024a,
abstract = {INTRODUCTION: Global suicide rates highlight the critical need for effective preventive measures. Brief contact interventions (BCIs), such as France's Vigilans program, provide cost-effective prevention strategies. This study evaluates the suicide reattempt risk following BCIs in the aftermath of suicide attempt (SA) and identifies sociodemographic and clinical predictors to guide targeted prevention efforts. METHOD: We conducted a prospective cohort analysis of 1044 non-first-time suicide attempters, enrolled in the Vigilans program between 2015 and 2020. The program offers diverse BCIs: a phone call only; a phone call followed by postcards (if in suicidal crisis); postcards only (if unreachable); and no intervention (if unreachable and have not provided an address). We used a multivariate Cox model and a multinomial logistic regression to examine the risk associated with each intervention and identify factors influencing intervention receipt. RESULTS: Compared to sole phone call, participants who received both a phone call and postcards, only postcards, or no intervention had a higher risk of suicide reattempt. Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) was linked to a higher likelihood of receiving both a phone call and postcards, postcards only, or no intervention. Panic disorder was associated with receiving both a phone call and postcards, while generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) was linked to receiving postcards only. CONCLUSION: Participants who received interventions beyond a singular phone call faced higher risks of subsequent SAs. Because these groups had greater suicidality or did not adhere to the program, this finding underscores the importance of tailoring interventions to the specific needs of patients with varying levels of suicidality.},
author = {Demesmaeker, Alice and Amad, Ali and Blekic, Wivine and Notredame, Charles-{\'{E}}douard and Selosse, Thomas and Jardon, Vincent and Vaiva, Guillaume and D'Hondt, Fabien},
doi = {10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.11.031},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/Downloads/1-s2.0-S0022395624006575-main.pdf:pdf},
issn = {1879-1379 (Electronic)},
journal = {Journal of psychiatric research},
keywords = {Adolescent,Adult,Anxiety Disorders,Attempted,Female,France,Humans,Male,Middle Aged,Post-Traumatic,Prospective Studies,Stress Disorders,Suicide,Suicide Prevention,Young Adult,statistics & numerical data},
language = {eng},
month = {nov},
pages = {29--35},
pmid = {39581017},
title = {{Increased risk of suicide reattempt according to the type of brief contact interventions in the VigilanS program: The critical role of PTSD and anxiety disorders}},
volume = {181},
year = {2024}
}

INTRODUCTION: Global suicide rates highlight the critical need for effective preventive measures. Brief contact interventions (BCIs), such as France's Vigilans program, provide cost-effective prevention strategies. This study evaluates the suicide reattempt risk following BCIs in the aftermath of suicide attempt (SA) and identifies sociodemographic and clinical predictors to guide targeted prevention efforts. METHOD: We conducted a prospective cohort analysis of 1044 non-first-time suicide attempters, enrolled in the Vigilans program between 2015 and 2020. The program offers diverse BCIs: a phone call only; a phone call followed by postcards (if in suicidal crisis); postcards only (if unreachable); and no intervention (if unreachable and have not provided an address). We used a multivariate Cox model and a multinomial logistic regression to examine the risk associated with each intervention and identify factors influencing intervention receipt. RESULTS: Compared to sole phone call, participants who received both a phone call and postcards, only postcards, or no intervention had a higher risk of suicide reattempt. Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) was linked to a higher likelihood of receiving both a phone call and postcards, postcards only, or no intervention. Panic disorder was associated with receiving both a phone call and postcards, while generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) was linked to receiving postcards only. CONCLUSION: Participants who received interventions beyond a singular phone call faced higher risks of subsequent SAs. Because these groups had greater suicidality or did not adhere to the program, this finding underscores the importance of tailoring interventions to the specific needs of patients with varying levels of suicidality.

@article{Demesmaeker2024,
abstract = {Objective: The specific role of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in individuals who have attempted suicide, along with the influence of comorbid psychiatric conditions on the risk of suicide reattempt, remains unexplored. This study aims to assess the association between PTSD and suicide reattempt at 6 months among suicide attempt (SA) survivors, while controlling for prevalent psychiatric disorders. Method: We analyzed data from a cohort of 972 participants enrolled in the ALGOS study between January 2010 and February 2013. We assessed the risk of suicide reattempt at 6 months and rehospitalization in both psychiatric and nonpsychiatric settings. A multivariable logistic regression model was performed, controlling for depression, generalized anxiety disorder, and alcohol use disorder. Results: Among all participants, 79 had a lifetime diagnosis of PTSD. At 6 months, 117 participants (13.3%) had reattempted suicide. After controlling for randomization group, age, sex, and comorbid psychiatric conditions, PTSD was statistically associated with suicide reattempt at 6 months (odds ratio [OR] with 95% CI, 2.33 [1.39-3.89], P < .01), rehospitalization in psychiatric settings (OR = 2.24 [1.39-3.61], P < .01), and nonpsychiatric settings (OR = 3.06 [1.90-4.93], P < .01). Conclusion: Almost 1 in 10 SA survivors suffer from PTSD. These individuals are at a higher risk of suicide reattempt and appear more generally to be in poorer health, with a higher risk of hospitalization in psychiatric and nonpsychiatric settings. Recognizing and effectively managing PTSD among individuals admitted after an SA is thus imperative for reducing the risk of subsequent suicide reattempts.},
author = {Demesmaeker, Alice and Amad, Ali and Vaiva, Guillaume and Leroy, Arnaud and D'Hondt, Fabien and Amad, Ali and Vaiva, Guillaume and Leroy, Arnaud},
doi = {10.4088/JCP.24m15269},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/Downloads/Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Risk of suicide reattempt.pdf:pdf},
issn = {15552101},
journal = {The Journal of clinical psychiatry},
keywords = {Adult,Attempted,Comorbidity,Female,France,Humans,Male,Middle Aged,Patient Readmission,Post-Traumatic,Risk Factors,Stress Disorders,Suicide,Survivors,epidemiology,psychology,statistics & numerical data},
language = {eng},
month = {nov},
number = {December},
pages = {1--6},
pmid = {39630091},
title = {{Focus on Suicide Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Risk of Suicide Reattempt in the French}},
volume = {85},
year = {2024}
}

Objective: The specific role of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in individuals who have attempted suicide, along with the influence of comorbid psychiatric conditions on the risk of suicide reattempt, remains unexplored. This study aims to assess the association between PTSD and suicide reattempt at 6 months among suicide attempt (SA) survivors, while controlling for prevalent psychiatric disorders. Method: We analyzed data from a cohort of 972 participants enrolled in the ALGOS study between January 2010 and February 2013. We assessed the risk of suicide reattempt at 6 months and rehospitalization in both psychiatric and nonpsychiatric settings. A multivariable logistic regression model was performed, controlling for depression, generalized anxiety disorder, and alcohol use disorder. Results: Among all participants, 79 had a lifetime diagnosis of PTSD. At 6 months, 117 participants (13.3%) had reattempted suicide. After controlling for randomization group, age, sex, and comorbid psychiatric conditions, PTSD was statistically associated with suicide reattempt at 6 months (odds ratio [OR] with 95% CI, 2.33 [1.39-3.89], P < .01), rehospitalization in psychiatric settings (OR = 2.24 [1.39-3.61], P < .01), and nonpsychiatric settings (OR = 3.06 [1.90-4.93], P < .01). Conclusion: Almost 1 in 10 SA survivors suffer from PTSD. These individuals are at a higher risk of suicide reattempt and appear more generally to be in poorer health, with a higher risk of hospitalization in psychiatric and nonpsychiatric settings. Recognizing and effectively managing PTSD among individuals admitted after an SA is thus imperative for reducing the risk of subsequent suicide reattempts.

@article{Demesmaeker2024,
abstract = {Objective: The specific role of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in individuals who have attempted suicide, along with the influence of comorbid psychiatric conditions on the risk of suicide reattempt, remains unexplored. This study aims to assess the association between PTSD and suicide reattempt at 6 months among suicide attempt (SA) survivors, while controlling for prevalent psychiatric disorders. Method: We analyzed data from a cohort of 972 participants enrolled in the ALGOS study between January 2010 and February 2013. We assessed the risk of suicide reattempt at 6 months and rehospitalization in both psychiatric and nonpsychiatric settings. A multivariable logistic regression model was performed, controlling for depression, generalized anxiety disorder, and alcohol use disorder. Results: Among all participants, 79 had a lifetime diagnosis of PTSD. At 6 months, 117 participants (13.3%) had reattempted suicide. After controlling for randomization group, age, sex, and comorbid psychiatric conditions, PTSD was statistically associated with suicide reattempt at 6 months (odds ratio [OR] with 95% CI, 2.33 [1.39-3.89], P < .01), rehospitalization in psychiatric settings (OR = 2.24 [1.39-3.61], P < .01), and nonpsychiatric settings (OR = 3.06 [1.90-4.93], P < .01). Conclusion: Almost 1 in 10 SA survivors suffer from PTSD. These individuals are at a higher risk of suicide reattempt and appear more generally to be in poorer health, with a higher risk of hospitalization in psychiatric and nonpsychiatric settings. Recognizing and effectively managing PTSD among individuals admitted after an SA is thus imperative for reducing the risk of subsequent suicide reattempts.},
author = {Demesmaeker, Alice and D'Hondt, Fabien and Amad, Ali and Vaiva, Guillaume and Leroy, Arnaud},
doi = {10.4088/JCP.24m15269},
issn = {15552101},
journal = {The Journal of clinical psychiatry},
keywords = {Adult,Attempted,Comorbidity,Female,France,Humans,Male,Middle Aged,Patient Readmission,Post-Traumatic,Risk Factors,Stress Disorders,Suicide,Survivors,epidemiology,psychology,statistics & numerical data},
language = {eng},
month = {nov},
number = {4},
pages = {24m15269},
pmid = {39630091},
title = {{Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Risk of Suicide Reattempt in the French ALGOS Study}},
volume = {85},
year = {2024}
}

Objective: The specific role of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in individuals who have attempted suicide, along with the influence of comorbid psychiatric conditions on the risk of suicide reattempt, remains unexplored. This study aims to assess the association between PTSD and suicide reattempt at 6 months among suicide attempt (SA) survivors, while controlling for prevalent psychiatric disorders. Method: We analyzed data from a cohort of 972 participants enrolled in the ALGOS study between January 2010 and February 2013. We assessed the risk of suicide reattempt at 6 months and rehospitalization in both psychiatric and nonpsychiatric settings. A multivariable logistic regression model was performed, controlling for depression, generalized anxiety disorder, and alcohol use disorder. Results: Among all participants, 79 had a lifetime diagnosis of PTSD. At 6 months, 117 participants (13.3%) had reattempted suicide. After controlling for randomization group, age, sex, and comorbid psychiatric conditions, PTSD was statistically associated with suicide reattempt at 6 months (odds ratio [OR] with 95% CI, 2.33 [1.39-3.89], P < .01), rehospitalization in psychiatric settings (OR = 2.24 [1.39-3.61], P < .01), and nonpsychiatric settings (OR = 3.06 [1.90-4.93], P < .01). Conclusion: Almost 1 in 10 SA survivors suffer from PTSD. These individuals are at a higher risk of suicide reattempt and appear more generally to be in poorer health, with a higher risk of hospitalization in psychiatric and nonpsychiatric settings. Recognizing and effectively managing PTSD among individuals admitted after an SA is thus imperative for reducing the risk of subsequent suicide reattempts.

@article{Eck2024,
abstract = {INTRODUCTION: The prevalence of psychiatric disorders among prisoners remains a  major public health issue worldwide. In France, despite the increasing number of persons who are incarcerated (+30% between 1992 and 2002 with a 120% prison overcrowding), and a historical concern about the mental health of persons in detention and its management, no systematic review has been published on this subject. The aim of this article is to present the results of a systematic review of the literature on the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in French prisons. METHOD: The reporting of this systematic review conforms to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses) checklist. We searched the PubMed and Web of Science databases. We used combinations of keywords relating to prison (prison*, jail*, inmate*), to psychiatry ("mental health", psychiatr*), and to France (France, French). This work was completed with a search through the digital libraries of the {\'{E}}cole des Hautes {\'{E}}tudes en Sant{\'{e}} Publique (EHESP) and of the Syst{\`{e}}me Universitaire de Documentation (Sudoc) to obtain data from academic works and the gray literature. References cited in studies included in this review were also examined. All references published up to September 2022, written in English or French, presenting the results of original quantitative studies on the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in correctional settings were included. Two researchers independently extracted data from included references according to a pre-established protocol. RESULTS: Among 501 records identified, a total of 35 papers based on 24 epidemiological studies met the eligibility criteria for inclusion in this review: 16 were cross-sectional, 7 retrospective and 1 both cross-sectional and retrospective. All papers were published between 1999 and 2022. We found one European study, 5 international studies, 18 regional or local studies. Of these, 21 studies had all-male or mixed gender samples (but when the sample was mixed gender, it was always at least 92% male). Almost half of the studies (n=11) involved a small sample of fewer than 500 persons. Half of the studies involved a sample of recently incarcerated persons: 6 involved a random sample of persons in detention, and 1 involved a sample of people incarcerated for more than 5 years. The last 5 studies focused on persons aged over 50 years and incarcerated for more than one year (n=1), incarcerated for sexual offences (n=2), placed in disciplinary cells (n=1) or in a special wing for radicalized or suspected radicalized individuals (n=1). Nine studies used standardized and validated diagnostic tools. According to the 4 studies involving representative samples and using standardized and validated diagnostic tools, the prevalence of the following psychiatric disorders was: 29.4-44.4% for anxiety disorders, 5-14.2% for PTSD, 28-31.2% for mood disorders, 6.9-17% for psychotic disorders, 32% for personality disorders and 11% for ADHD. CONCLUSION: This systematic review of the literature highlights the high prevalence of psychiatric disorders in French prisons. The data collected are in line with international studies. The great methodological heterogeneity of the papers included in this review calls for further rigorous research to better understand the rates of mental disorders in French prisons and to explore their determinants.},
author = {Eck, Marion and {Da Costa}, Julien and Wathelet, Marielle and Beunas, Cl{\'{e}}ment and D'Ovidio, K{\'{e}}vin and Moncany, Anne-H{\'{e}}l{\`{e}}ne and Thomas, Pierre and Fovet, Thomas},
doi = {10.1016/j.encep.2023.11.028},
issn = {0013-7006 (Print)},
journal = {L'Encephale},
language = {fre},
month = {feb},
pmid = {38378405},
title = {{[Prevalence of mental disorders in French prisons: A systematic review].}},
year = {2024}
}

INTRODUCTION: The prevalence of psychiatric disorders among prisoners remains a major public health issue worldwide. In France, despite the increasing number of persons who are incarcerated (+30% between 1992 and 2002 with a 120% prison overcrowding), and a historical concern about the mental health of persons in detention and its management, no systematic review has been published on this subject. The aim of this article is to present the results of a systematic review of the literature on the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in French prisons. METHOD: The reporting of this systematic review conforms to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses) checklist. We searched the PubMed and Web of Science databases. We used combinations of keywords relating to prison (prison*, jail*, inmate*), to psychiatry ("mental health", psychiatr*), and to France (France, French). This work was completed with a search through the digital libraries of the École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique (EHESP) and of the Système Universitaire de Documentation (Sudoc) to obtain data from academic works and the gray literature. References cited in studies included in this review were also examined. All references published up to September 2022, written in English or French, presenting the results of original quantitative studies on the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in correctional settings were included. Two researchers independently extracted data from included references according to a pre-established protocol. RESULTS: Among 501 records identified, a total of 35 papers based on 24 epidemiological studies met the eligibility criteria for inclusion in this review: 16 were cross-sectional, 7 retrospective and 1 both cross-sectional and retrospective. All papers were published between 1999 and 2022. We found one European study, 5 international studies, 18 regional or local studies. Of these, 21 studies had all-male or mixed gender samples (but when the sample was mixed gender, it was always at least 92% male). Almost half of the studies (n=11) involved a small sample of fewer than 500 persons. Half of the studies involved a sample of recently incarcerated persons: 6 involved a random sample of persons in detention, and 1 involved a sample of people incarcerated for more than 5 years. The last 5 studies focused on persons aged over 50 years and incarcerated for more than one year (n=1), incarcerated for sexual offences (n=2), placed in disciplinary cells (n=1) or in a special wing for radicalized or suspected radicalized individuals (n=1). Nine studies used standardized and validated diagnostic tools. According to the 4 studies involving representative samples and using standardized and validated diagnostic tools, the prevalence of the following psychiatric disorders was: 29.4-44.4% for anxiety disorders, 5-14.2% for PTSD, 28-31.2% for mood disorders, 6.9-17% for psychotic disorders, 32% for personality disorders and 11% for ADHD. CONCLUSION: This systematic review of the literature highlights the high prevalence of psychiatric disorders in French prisons. The data collected are in line with international studies. The great methodological heterogeneity of the papers included in this review calls for further rigorous research to better understand the rates of mental disorders in French prisons and to explore their determinants.

@article{Farhat2024,
abstract = {Background: Systemic sclerosis is a fibrotic disease. Body image assessments could be key in optimizing care; however, data are scarce. The main objective was to assess the perception of aesthetic impairment using a visual aesthetic evaluation scale in patients with systemic sclerosis compared with healthy subjects. The secondary objectives were to assess associations between the perception of aesthetic impairment and scores on standardized questionnaires for aesthetic impairment as well as clinical, psychological/quality of life, and functional parameters of patients with systemic sclerosis. Methods: This study evaluated and compared the perception of aesthetic impairment in two populations: patients with systemic sclerosis from a referral center at Lille Hospital, France, and healthy controls. Results: This study included 88 patients (69 (78.4%) women) with a median age of 52 years and 88 controls (49 (55.7%) women) with a median age of 45 years. The perception of aesthetic impairment assessed using the aesthetic evaluation scale was poorer in systemic sclerosis patients than in controls (3.7 ± 0.3 vs 2.8 ± 0.3, p = 0.028) and was statistically correlated with assessments using the adapted satisfaction with appearance, a specific aesthetic impact assessment questionnaire for patients with systemic sclerosis. Patients with anxiety or depressive symptoms had significantly higher aesthetic evaluation scale scores. Systemic sclerosis patients with facial involvement and pitting scars had a worse perception of aesthetic impairment. Compared with healthy controls, systemic sclerosis patients had a worse perception of aesthetic impairment, especially systemic sclerosis patients with anxiety or depression and those with facial and hand involvement. Conclusion: The aesthetic evaluation scale appears to be an easy-to-use tool to evaluate body image. Correlations of the aesthetic evaluation scale score with psychological and quality of life parameters reflect the importance of these parameters for body image evaluation and its complex assessment. Trial registration: Clinical Trial NCT03271320 (Registered 9 January 2017, https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03271320?term=NCT03271320&cntry=FR&draw=2&rank=1).},
author = {Farhat, M{\'{e}}ryem Maud and Guerreschi, Pierre and Morell-Dubois, Sandrine and Deken, Val{\'{e}}rie and Labreuche, Julien and Sanges, Sebastien and Sobanski, Vincent and Hachulla, Eric and Cottencin, Olivier and Launay, David},
doi = {10.1177/23971983241231620},
issn = {23971991},
journal = {Journal of Scleroderma and Related Disorders},
keywords = {Systemic sclerosis,body image,case‒control studies,psychological adaptation,self-assessment},
language = {English},
number = {2},
pages = {124--133},
title = {{Perception of aesthetic impairment in patients with systemic sclerosis determined using a semi-quantitative scale and its association with disease characteristics}},
volume = {9},
year = {2024}
}

Background: Systemic sclerosis is a fibrotic disease. Body image assessments could be key in optimizing care; however, data are scarce. The main objective was to assess the perception of aesthetic impairment using a visual aesthetic evaluation scale in patients with systemic sclerosis compared with healthy subjects. The secondary objectives were to assess associations between the perception of aesthetic impairment and scores on standardized questionnaires for aesthetic impairment as well as clinical, psychological/quality of life, and functional parameters of patients with systemic sclerosis. Methods: This study evaluated and compared the perception of aesthetic impairment in two populations: patients with systemic sclerosis from a referral center at Lille Hospital, France, and healthy controls. Results: This study included 88 patients (69 (78.4%) women) with a median age of 52 years and 88 controls (49 (55.7%) women) with a median age of 45 years. The perception of aesthetic impairment assessed using the aesthetic evaluation scale was poorer in systemic sclerosis patients than in controls (3.7 ± 0.3 vs 2.8 ± 0.3, p = 0.028) and was statistically correlated with assessments using the adapted satisfaction with appearance, a specific aesthetic impact assessment questionnaire for patients with systemic sclerosis. Patients with anxiety or depressive symptoms had significantly higher aesthetic evaluation scale scores. Systemic sclerosis patients with facial involvement and pitting scars had a worse perception of aesthetic impairment. Compared with healthy controls, systemic sclerosis patients had a worse perception of aesthetic impairment, especially systemic sclerosis patients with anxiety or depression and those with facial and hand involvement. Conclusion: The aesthetic evaluation scale appears to be an easy-to-use tool to evaluate body image. Correlations of the aesthetic evaluation scale score with psychological and quality of life parameters reflect the importance of these parameters for body image evaluation and its complex assessment. Trial registration: Clinical Trial NCT03271320 (Registered 9 January 2017, https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03271320?term=NCT03271320&cntry=FR&draw=2&rank=1).

@article{Fontesse2024,
abstract = {The interpersonal difficulties documented in chronic excessive drinking might foster the progression toward severe alcohol use disorder (SAUD). Characterizing these interpersonal difficulties and their commonalities with patients already presenting a diagnosed SAUD is needed to develop targeted prophylactic interventions. Patients with SAUD present metadehumanization (i.e., the perception of being considered as less than human by others), which is associated with deleterious consequences (e.g., reduced fundamental needs satisfaction, increased negative emotions, reduced self-esteem, disrupted coping strategies) involved in the persistence of this disorder. No study has investigated metadehumanization among individuals not diagnosed with SAUD but at high risk of alcohol use disorder. We measured metadehumanization, emotions, self-esteem, coping strategies, and fundamental needs threat among such high-risk drinkers (N = 86; AUDIT score higher than 15), and matched low-risk drinkers (N = 100, AUDIT score <8). Compared to low-risk drinkers, high-risk drinkers felt more dehumanized and reported increased fundamental needs threat, negative emotions, anxiety, depression, and more frequent use of both adaptive and maladaptive coping strategies, including alcohol use. Mediation analyses controlling for anxiety/depression revealed that the differences in emotions and coping strategies were explained by metadehumanization and fundamental needs threat. Despite not being diagnosed with SAUD and being untreated, high-risk drinkers are more similar to patients with SAUD than to low-risk drinkers. In view of its links with factors favoring SAUD, metadehumanization should be considered in experimental studies among high-risk drinkers and treated by specific interventions.},
author = {Fontesse, Sullivan and Creupelandt, Coralie and Bollen, Zo{\'{e}} and Pabst, Arthur and Maurage, Pierre},
doi = {10.1016/j.alcohol.2023.09.007},
issn = {18736823},
journal = {Alcohol},
keywords = {coping strategy,dehumanization emotion,excessive drinking,fundamental needs,mind attribution},
language = {eng},
month = {mar},
pages = {61--67},
pmid = {37774958},
title = {{Metadehumanization, fundamental needs and coping strategies: A comparison of drinkers at low versus high risk of alcohol use disorder}},
volume = {115},
year = {2024}
}

The interpersonal difficulties documented in chronic excessive drinking might foster the progression toward severe alcohol use disorder (SAUD). Characterizing these interpersonal difficulties and their commonalities with patients already presenting a diagnosed SAUD is needed to develop targeted prophylactic interventions. Patients with SAUD present metadehumanization (i.e., the perception of being considered as less than human by others), which is associated with deleterious consequences (e.g., reduced fundamental needs satisfaction, increased negative emotions, reduced self-esteem, disrupted coping strategies) involved in the persistence of this disorder. No study has investigated metadehumanization among individuals not diagnosed with SAUD but at high risk of alcohol use disorder. We measured metadehumanization, emotions, self-esteem, coping strategies, and fundamental needs threat among such high-risk drinkers (N = 86; AUDIT score higher than 15), and matched low-risk drinkers (N = 100, AUDIT score <8). Compared to low-risk drinkers, high-risk drinkers felt more dehumanized and reported increased fundamental needs threat, negative emotions, anxiety, depression, and more frequent use of both adaptive and maladaptive coping strategies, including alcohol use. Mediation analyses controlling for anxiety/depression revealed that the differences in emotions and coping strategies were explained by metadehumanization and fundamental needs threat. Despite not being diagnosed with SAUD and being untreated, high-risk drinkers are more similar to patients with SAUD than to low-risk drinkers. In view of its links with factors favoring SAUD, metadehumanization should be considered in experimental studies among high-risk drinkers and treated by specific interventions.

@article{Francomme2024,
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Most of the data on visual functions in Leber hereditary optic  neuropathy (LHON) is based on patient questionnaires. Our study assessed the impact of LHON on visual function by testing facial recognition and execution of purposeful actions. METHODS: Twelve participants with LHON with central scotoma ranging from 5° to 20° and 12 unaffected age-matched controls were involved in our study. In the face recognition test, participants were asked to recognize the sex and the facial expression of photographs of faces increasing in size to simulate approaching faces. In the purposeful action test, they were asked to manipulate real objects while their eye movements were recorded. RESULTS: Although most patients were able to recognize the correct sex of a face at a size corresponding to a 1-m viewing distance, recognition of facial expressions was severely impaired. Patients were slower than control subjects in executing purposeful tasks. A dynamic strategy to sample information needed for the execution of a task was documented in a longer scanpath and in higher frequency of saccades and fixation eye movements in patients than in control subjects. CONCLUSIONS: Face perception is strongly impaired in patients with LHON. In addition, although the selection and manipulation of real objects to execute a task are slowed, they can be performed efficiently using peripheral vision.},
author = {Francomme, Robin and Lenoble, Quentin and Smirnov, Vasily and Boucart, Muriel},
doi = {10.1097/WNO.0000000000002237},
issn = {1536-5166 (Electronic)},
journal = {Journal of neuro-ophthalmology : the official journal of the North American  Neuro-Ophthalmology Society},
language = {eng},
month = {dec},
pmid = {39716343},
title = {{Visual Functions in Patients With Leber Hereditary Optic Neuropathy (LHON).}},
year = {2024}
}

BACKGROUND: Most of the data on visual functions in Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is based on patient questionnaires. Our study assessed the impact of LHON on visual function by testing facial recognition and execution of purposeful actions. METHODS: Twelve participants with LHON with central scotoma ranging from 5° to 20° and 12 unaffected age-matched controls were involved in our study. In the face recognition test, participants were asked to recognize the sex and the facial expression of photographs of faces increasing in size to simulate approaching faces. In the purposeful action test, they were asked to manipulate real objects while their eye movements were recorded. RESULTS: Although most patients were able to recognize the correct sex of a face at a size corresponding to a 1-m viewing distance, recognition of facial expressions was severely impaired. Patients were slower than control subjects in executing purposeful tasks. A dynamic strategy to sample information needed for the execution of a task was documented in a longer scanpath and in higher frequency of saccades and fixation eye movements in patients than in control subjects. CONCLUSIONS: Face perception is strongly impaired in patients with LHON. In addition, although the selection and manipulation of real objects to execute a task are slowed, they can be performed efficiently using peripheral vision.

@article{Gauld2024,
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Catatonia, as a transdiagnostic construct, manifests across various  psychiatric and non-psychiatric conditions. Understanding how symptom variations impact the catatonia construct and differ across primary diagnoses (schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, unipolar depression, and neurological/metabolic/immunological condition) is essential to refine diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. This study aims to compare the symptom networks and centrality measures of these diagnoses. METHODS: We conducted a network analysis using Bush-Francis Catatonia Rating Scale (BFCRS) data from 118 patients, examining centrality measures and network comparisons across the four primary diagnostic groups. RESULTS: In the general catatonia network, the three most central symptoms identified were Excitement (1.462), Perseveration (1.456), and Impulsivity (1.332). While the overall structure of the catatonia networks did not show significant differences between diagnoses in terms of symptom connections and centrality, variations in centrality measures were observed among the different networks. CONCLUSIONS: The study reinforces the notion of catatonia as an independent syndrome relatively to psychiatric or non-psychiatric diagnoses. However, the variation in centrality of symptoms across different primary diagnoses provides critical insights that could aid clinicians in tailoring diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Future research should further explore these relationships and develop more refined approaches to managing catatonia.},
author = {Gauld, Christophe and Expert, Paul and Fovet, Thomas and Amad, Ali},
doi = {10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111082},
issn = {1878-4216 (Electronic)},
journal = {Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry},
keywords = {Adult,Bipolar Disorder,Catatonia,Female,Humans,Male,Middle Aged,Psychiatric Status Rating Scales,Schizophrenia,Young Adult,complications,diagnosis},
language = {eng},
month = {aug},
pages = {111082},
pmid = {39002926},
title = {{A network analysis of catatonia symptoms across diagnoses.}},
volume = {134},
year = {2024}
}

BACKGROUND: Catatonia, as a transdiagnostic construct, manifests across various psychiatric and non-psychiatric conditions. Understanding how symptom variations impact the catatonia construct and differ across primary diagnoses (schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, unipolar depression, and neurological/metabolic/immunological condition) is essential to refine diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. This study aims to compare the symptom networks and centrality measures of these diagnoses. METHODS: We conducted a network analysis using Bush-Francis Catatonia Rating Scale (BFCRS) data from 118 patients, examining centrality measures and network comparisons across the four primary diagnostic groups. RESULTS: In the general catatonia network, the three most central symptoms identified were Excitement (1.462), Perseveration (1.456), and Impulsivity (1.332). While the overall structure of the catatonia networks did not show significant differences between diagnoses in terms of symptom connections and centrality, variations in centrality measures were observed among the different networks. CONCLUSIONS: The study reinforces the notion of catatonia as an independent syndrome relatively to psychiatric or non-psychiatric diagnoses. However, the variation in centrality of symptoms across different primary diagnoses provides critical insights that could aid clinicians in tailoring diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Future research should further explore these relationships and develop more refined approaches to managing catatonia.

@article{Jean2024,
abstract = {Purpose: Although attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been associated with illicit stimulants use, less is known about their prospective association in university students. We aimed to examine the association between ADHD symptoms at inclusion and illicit stimulants use following 1 year among university students. Methods: The i-Share cohort recruited French students from February 2013 to July 2020. The study included 4270 participants. The Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS) was used to evaluate ADHD symptoms at inclusion. Illicit stimulants use was assessed at inclusion and 1 year after inclusion. Multivariable logistic regressions were conducted to assess the association between ADHD symptoms at inclusion and illicit stimulants use following 1 year. Results: High levels of ADHD symptoms at inclusion were associated with a greater probability of illicit stimulants use following 1 year (adjusted OR: 2.42 (1.51–3.8)). The adjusted odds ratio was 2.7 (1.08–7.84) among participants who had used illicit stimulant at least once (continuation) and 2.25 (1.04–4.37) among participants who had never used illicit stimulants at inclusion (initiation). Conclusion: High levels of ADHD symptoms are a feature that may promote both initiation and continuation of illicit stimulants use among university students. Our findings suggest that university students with high levels of ADHD symptoms may benefit from screening to help identify those at risk of illicit stimulants use.},
author = {Jean, Fran{\c{c}}ois A.M. and Moulin, Flore and Schwartz, Ashlyn N. and Castel, Laura and Montagni, Ilaria and Macalli, M{\'{e}}lissa and Notredame, Charles Edouard and C{\^{o}}t{\'{e}}, Sylvana M. and Gal{\'{e}}ra, C{\'{e}}dric},
doi = {10.1007/s00127-023-02499-9},
issn = {14339285},
journal = {Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology},
keywords = {ADHD,Amphetamine,Cocaine,Ecstasy,Stimulants,Students},
language = {eng},
month = {may},
number = {5},
pages = {887--897},
pmid = {37268785},
title = {{Association between ADHD symptoms and illicit stimulants use following 1 year among French university students of the i-Share cohort}},
volume = {59},
year = {2024}
}

Purpose: Although attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been associated with illicit stimulants use, less is known about their prospective association in university students. We aimed to examine the association between ADHD symptoms at inclusion and illicit stimulants use following 1 year among university students. Methods: The i-Share cohort recruited French students from February 2013 to July 2020. The study included 4270 participants. The Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS) was used to evaluate ADHD symptoms at inclusion. Illicit stimulants use was assessed at inclusion and 1 year after inclusion. Multivariable logistic regressions were conducted to assess the association between ADHD symptoms at inclusion and illicit stimulants use following 1 year. Results: High levels of ADHD symptoms at inclusion were associated with a greater probability of illicit stimulants use following 1 year (adjusted OR: 2.42 (1.51–3.8)). The adjusted odds ratio was 2.7 (1.08–7.84) among participants who had used illicit stimulant at least once (continuation) and 2.25 (1.04–4.37) among participants who had never used illicit stimulants at inclusion (initiation). Conclusion: High levels of ADHD symptoms are a feature that may promote both initiation and continuation of illicit stimulants use among university students. Our findings suggest that university students with high levels of ADHD symptoms may benefit from screening to help identify those at risk of illicit stimulants use.

@article{Lamer2024,
abstract = {BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on mental health, with evidence suggesting an enduring mental health crisis. Studies worldwide observed increased usage of antidepressants, anxiolytics, and hypnotics during the pandemic, notably among young people and women. However, few studies tracked consumption post-2021. Our study aimed to fill this gap by investigating whether the surge in the number psychotropic drug consumers in France persisted 2 years after the first lockdown, particularly focusing on age and gender differences. METHODS: We conducted a national retrospective observational study based on the French national insurance database. We retrieved all prescriptions of anxiolytics, hypnotics, and antidepressants dispensed in pharmacies in France for the period 2015-2022. We performed interrupted time series analyses based on Poisson models for five age classes (12-18; 19-25; 26-50; 51-75; 76 and more) to assess the trend before lockdown, the gap induced and the change in trend after. RESULTS: In the overall population, the number of consumers remained constant for antidepressants while it decreased for anxiolytics and hypnotics. Despite this global trend, a long-term increase was observed in the 12-18 and 19-25 groups for the three drug classes. Moreover, for these age classes, the increases were more pronounced for women than men, except for hypnotics where the trends were similar. CONCLUSIONS: The number of people using antidepressants continues to increase more than 2 years after the first lockdown, showing a prolonged effect on mental health. This effect is particularly striking among adolescents and young adults confirming the devastating long-term impact of the pandemic on their mental health.},
author = {Lamer, Antoine and Saint-Dizier, Chlo{\'{e}} and Levaillant, Mathieu and Hamel-Broza, Jean-Fran{\c{c}}ois and Ayed, Eiya and Chazard, Emmanuel and Bubrovszky, Maxime and D'Hondt, Fabien and G{\'{e}}nin, Michael and Horn, Mathilde},
doi = {10.1186/s12916-024-03496-8},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/Downloads/s12916-024-03496-8.pdf:pdf},
issn = {17417015},
journal = {BMC Medicine},
keywords = {Adolescent,Adult,Aged,Anti-Anxiety Agents,Antidepressive Agents,COVID-19,Child,Data reuse,Female,France,Humans,Hypnotics and Sedatives,Male,Mental health,Middle Aged,Pandemics,Pharmacoepidemiology,Psychiatry,Psychotropic Drugs,Psychotropic drugs,Retrospective Studies,SARS-CoV-2,Sex Factors,Young Adult,covid-19,data reuse,epidemiology,mental health,pharmacoepidemiology,psychiatry,psychotropic drugs,therapeutic use},
language = {eng},
month = {jul},
number = {274},
pages = {274},
pmid = {38956514},
publisher = {BioMed Central},
title = {{Prolonged increase in psychotropic drug use among young women following the COVID-19 pandemic: a French nationwide retrospective study}},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-024-03496-8},
volume = {22},
year = {2024}
}

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on mental health, with evidence suggesting an enduring mental health crisis. Studies worldwide observed increased usage of antidepressants, anxiolytics, and hypnotics during the pandemic, notably among young people and women. However, few studies tracked consumption post-2021. Our study aimed to fill this gap by investigating whether the surge in the number psychotropic drug consumers in France persisted 2 years after the first lockdown, particularly focusing on age and gender differences. METHODS: We conducted a national retrospective observational study based on the French national insurance database. We retrieved all prescriptions of anxiolytics, hypnotics, and antidepressants dispensed in pharmacies in France for the period 2015-2022. We performed interrupted time series analyses based on Poisson models for five age classes (12-18; 19-25; 26-50; 51-75; 76 and more) to assess the trend before lockdown, the gap induced and the change in trend after. RESULTS: In the overall population, the number of consumers remained constant for antidepressants while it decreased for anxiolytics and hypnotics. Despite this global trend, a long-term increase was observed in the 12-18 and 19-25 groups for the three drug classes. Moreover, for these age classes, the increases were more pronounced for women than men, except for hypnotics where the trends were similar. CONCLUSIONS: The number of people using antidepressants continues to increase more than 2 years after the first lockdown, showing a prolonged effect on mental health. This effect is particularly striking among adolescents and young adults confirming the devastating long-term impact of the pandemic on their mental health.

@article{Leaune2024,
abstract = {BACKGROUND: According to recent research, the Internet and social media are  shaping and changing how we die and mourn. However, the use of social media after bereavement by suicide remains poorly understood. Thus, emerging research is needed to better assess the role that social media can play after bereavement by suicide. The objective of our study was to evaluate the use of social media in French people bereaved by suicide and to assess their expectations toward social media. METHOD: We conducted a national cross-sectional online survey including French people bereaved by suicide assessing their use of social media after the death of their relative. All adults bereaved by suicide were eligible to participate in the study. An online 26-item questionnaire collected sociodemographic and loss-related characteristics and evaluated four dimensions: (1) the use of social media in daily life, (2) the perceived needs regarding suicide bereavement, (3) the use of social media associated with the suicide loss, and (4) the expectations regarding the development of an online resource for people bereaved by suicide and proposals regarding the development of such a resource. RESULTS: Among 401 participants, 61.6% reported using social media after the death of their relative by suicide, especially those recently bereaved, those receiving counseling and bereaved parents. The participants mainly used social media to reach peers bereaved by suicide and to memorialize, while they expected social media to help them finding information on suicide and accessing bereaved peers. Younger participants were more prone to use social media to memorialize, while bereaved partners and those bereaved by the suicide of a parent were less prone to use them with such aim. DISCUSSION: A large part of people bereaved by suicide use social media for their grief process, mainly to contact peers bereaved by suicide and to memorialize their loved one. According to or results, social media contributes to contemporary grief processes after suicide bereavement and can be seen as putative means to improve the well-being of people bereaved by suicide.},
author = {Leaune, Edouard and Rouz{\'{e}}, H{\'{e}}lo{\"{i}}se and Lestienne, Laur{\`{e}}ne and Bislimi, Kushtrim and Morgi{\`{e}}ve, Margot and Chalancon, Benoit and Lau-Ta{\"{i}}, Pauline and Vaiva, Guillaume and Grandgen{\`{e}}vre, Pierre and Haesebaert, Julie and Poulet, Emmanuel},
doi = {10.1186/s12888-024-05761-9},
issn = {1471-244X (Electronic)},
journal = {BMC psychiatry},
keywords = {Adolescent,Adult,Aged,Bereavement,Cross-Sectional Studies,Female,France,Humans,Internet,Male,Middle Aged,Social Media,Suicide,Surveys and Questionnaires,Young Adult,psychology},
language = {eng},
month = {apr},
number = {1},
pages = {306},
pmid = {38654345},
title = {{The use of social media after bereavement by suicide: results from a French  online survey.}},
volume = {24},
year = {2024}
}

BACKGROUND: According to recent research, the Internet and social media are shaping and changing how we die and mourn. However, the use of social media after bereavement by suicide remains poorly understood. Thus, emerging research is needed to better assess the role that social media can play after bereavement by suicide. The objective of our study was to evaluate the use of social media in French people bereaved by suicide and to assess their expectations toward social media. METHOD: We conducted a national cross-sectional online survey including French people bereaved by suicide assessing their use of social media after the death of their relative. All adults bereaved by suicide were eligible to participate in the study. An online 26-item questionnaire collected sociodemographic and loss-related characteristics and evaluated four dimensions: (1) the use of social media in daily life, (2) the perceived needs regarding suicide bereavement, (3) the use of social media associated with the suicide loss, and (4) the expectations regarding the development of an online resource for people bereaved by suicide and proposals regarding the development of such a resource. RESULTS: Among 401 participants, 61.6% reported using social media after the death of their relative by suicide, especially those recently bereaved, those receiving counseling and bereaved parents. The participants mainly used social media to reach peers bereaved by suicide and to memorialize, while they expected social media to help them finding information on suicide and accessing bereaved peers. Younger participants were more prone to use social media to memorialize, while bereaved partners and those bereaved by the suicide of a parent were less prone to use them with such aim. DISCUSSION: A large part of people bereaved by suicide use social media for their grief process, mainly to contact peers bereaved by suicide and to memorialize their loved one. According to or results, social media contributes to contemporary grief processes after suicide bereavement and can be seen as putative means to improve the well-being of people bereaved by suicide.

@article{Lemogne2024,
author = {Lemogne, C{\'{e}}dric and Gouraud, Cl{\'{e}}ment and {Ouazana Vedrines}, Charles and Pritschkat, Caroline and Rotenberg, L{\'{e}}a and Horn, Mathilde and Cath{\'{e}}bras, Pascal and Kachaner, Alexandra and Scherlinger, Marc and de Broucker, Thomas and Pignon, Baptiste and Chauvet-Gelinier, Jean Christophe and G{\"{u}}nther, Sven and Gocko, Xavier and Pitron, Victor and Ranque, Brigitte},
doi = {10.1016/j.jpsychores.2024.111596},
issn = {18791360},
journal = {Journal of Psychosomatic Research},
language = {English},
pages = {111596},
pmid = {38272788},
title = {{National committee statement as a missed opportunity to acknowledge the relevance of a biopsychosocial approach in understanding long COVID}},
volume = {186},
year = {2024}
}

@article{Lenoble2024,
abstract = {CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Peripheral vision is known to be critical for spatial  navigation. However, visual cognition, which impacts peripheral vision, has not been studied extensively in glaucoma. BACKGROUND: Spatial memory was assessed with a known to induce a robust memory distortion called "boundary extension" in which participants erroneously remember seeing more of a scene than was present in the sensory input. METHODS: Fifteen patients with glaucoma and 15 age-matched normally sighted controls participated in the experiment. Participants were shown 10 photographs of natural scenes randomly displayed for 0.5 s or 10 s. Following each scene, the participant was asked to draw it from memory. RESULTS: On average, boundary extension was larger, by 12%, for patients than for controls, but the difference was significant for 4 photographs. Patients tended to add more space between the object and the edges than there was between the objects and the border of the photograph. A control experiment in which participants were asked to draw isolated objects without scene context resulted in a significant reduction of the memory distortion in both groups, but patients still drew the objects smaller than controls. CONCLUSION: The reduced field of view in glaucoma has an impact on spatial memory for scenes and on perception of size.},
author = {Lenoble, Quentin and Lossouarn, Adrien and Rouland, Jean-Fran{\c{c}}ois and Boucart, Muriel},
doi = {10.1080/08164622.2022.2107892},
issn = {1444-0938 (Electronic)},
journal = {Clinical & experimental optometry},
keywords = {Glaucoma,Humans,Scotoma,Visual Perception},
language = {eng},
month = {mar},
number = {2},
pages = {234--241},
pmid = {35946410},
title = {{Reduced peripheral vision in glaucoma and boundary extension.}},
volume = {107},
year = {2024}
}

CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Peripheral vision is known to be critical for spatial navigation. However, visual cognition, which impacts peripheral vision, has not been studied extensively in glaucoma. BACKGROUND: Spatial memory was assessed with a known to induce a robust memory distortion called "boundary extension" in which participants erroneously remember seeing more of a scene than was present in the sensory input. METHODS: Fifteen patients with glaucoma and 15 age-matched normally sighted controls participated in the experiment. Participants were shown 10 photographs of natural scenes randomly displayed for 0.5 s or 10 s. Following each scene, the participant was asked to draw it from memory. RESULTS: On average, boundary extension was larger, by 12%, for patients than for controls, but the difference was significant for 4 photographs. Patients tended to add more space between the object and the edges than there was between the objects and the border of the photograph. A control experiment in which participants were asked to draw isolated objects without scene context resulted in a significant reduction of the memory distortion in both groups, but patients still drew the objects smaller than controls. CONCLUSION: The reduced field of view in glaucoma has an impact on spatial memory for scenes and on perception of size.

@article{Leroy2024,
abstract = {Functional dissociative seizures (FDSs) are clinical events that resemble epileptic seizures but are not associated with abnormal brain electrical discharges or other physiological problems. In this pilot case series, ten adults with FDSs were recruited from our psychiatry department after being referred by a neurologist who made the diagnosis of FDS based on video EEG results. Each subject received ten sessions of cathodal tDCS focused on the right temporoparietal junction. A significant decrease in weekly seizure frequency was seen in all participants between baseline (30.2 ± 70.3 events) and 1 month after tDCS treatment (0.2 ± 0.3events) (p = 0.006). Main predisposing factors were unchanged after treatment.},
author = {Leroy, Arnaud and Derambure, Philippe and Hingray, Coraline and El-Hage, Wissam and Warembourg, Isabelle and Vaiva, Guillaume and Amad, Ali},
doi = {10.1007/s00406-022-01533-2},
issn = {14338491},
journal = {European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience},
keywords = {Dissociation,Functional dissociative seizures,PTSD,Somatoform disorder,tDCS},
language = {eng},
month = {jan},
number = {1},
pages = {83--86},
pmid = {36602649},
title = {{Right temporoparietal junction transcranial direct current stimulation in the treatment of functional dissociative seizures: a case series}},
volume = {274},
year = {2024}
}

Functional dissociative seizures (FDSs) are clinical events that resemble epileptic seizures but are not associated with abnormal brain electrical discharges or other physiological problems. In this pilot case series, ten adults with FDSs were recruited from our psychiatry department after being referred by a neurologist who made the diagnosis of FDS based on video EEG results. Each subject received ten sessions of cathodal tDCS focused on the right temporoparietal junction. A significant decrease in weekly seizure frequency was seen in all participants between baseline (30.2 ± 70.3 events) and 1 month after tDCS treatment (0.2 ± 0.3events) (p = 0.006). Main predisposing factors were unchanged after treatment.

@article{Lorenceau2024,
abstract = {We present a method for mapping multifocal Pupillary Response Fields in a short  amount of time using a visual stimulus covering 40° of the visual angle divided into nine contiguous sectors simultaneously modulated in luminance at specific, incommensurate, temporal frequencies. We test this multifocal Pupillary Frequency Tagging (mPFT) approach with young healthy participants (N = 36) and show that the spectral power of the sustained pupillary response elicited by 45 s of fixation of this multipartite stimulus reflects the relative contribution of each sector/frequency to the overall pupillary response. We further analyze the phase lag for each temporal frequency as well as several global features related to pupil state. Test/retest performed on a subset of participants indicates good repeatability. We also investigate the existence of structural (RNFL)/functional (mPFT) relationships. We then summarize the results of clinical studies conducted with mPFT on patients with neuropathies and retinopathies and show that the features derived from pupillary signal analyses, the distribution of spectral power in particular, are homologous to disease characteristics and allow for sorting patients from healthy participants with excellent sensitivity and specificity. This method thus appears as a convenient, objective, and fast tool for assessing the integrity of retino-pupillary circuits as well as idiosyncrasies and permits to objectively assess and follow-up retinopathies or neuropathies in a short amount of time.},
author = {Lorenceau, Jean and Ajasse, Suzon and Barbet, Raphael and Boucart, Muriel and Chavane, Fr{\'{e}}d{\'{e}}ric and Lamirel, C{\'{e}}dric and Legras, Richard and Matonti, Fr{\'{e}}d{\'{e}}ric and Rateaux, Maxence and Rouland, Jean-Fran{\c{c}}ois and Sahel, Jos{\'{e}}-Alain and Trinquet, Laure and Wexler, Mark and Vignal-Clermont, Catherine},
doi = {10.3390/vision8020017},
issn = {2411-5150 (Electronic)},
journal = {Vision (Basel, Switzerland)},
language = {eng},
month = {apr},
number = {2},
pmid = {38651438},
title = {{Method to Quickly Map Multifocal Pupillary Response Fields (mPRF) Using Frequency  Tagging.}},
volume = {8},
year = {2024}
}

We present a method for mapping multifocal Pupillary Response Fields in a short amount of time using a visual stimulus covering 40° of the visual angle divided into nine contiguous sectors simultaneously modulated in luminance at specific, incommensurate, temporal frequencies. We test this multifocal Pupillary Frequency Tagging (mPFT) approach with young healthy participants (N = 36) and show that the spectral power of the sustained pupillary response elicited by 45 s of fixation of this multipartite stimulus reflects the relative contribution of each sector/frequency to the overall pupillary response. We further analyze the phase lag for each temporal frequency as well as several global features related to pupil state. Test/retest performed on a subset of participants indicates good repeatability. We also investigate the existence of structural (RNFL)/functional (mPFT) relationships. We then summarize the results of clinical studies conducted with mPFT on patients with neuropathies and retinopathies and show that the features derived from pupillary signal analyses, the distribution of spectral power in particular, are homologous to disease characteristics and allow for sorting patients from healthy participants with excellent sensitivity and specificity. This method thus appears as a convenient, objective, and fast tool for assessing the integrity of retino-pupillary circuits as well as idiosyncrasies and permits to objectively assess and follow-up retinopathies or neuropathies in a short amount of time.

@article{Macchitella2024,
abstract = {The current diagnostic criteria for the behavioural variant of frontotemporal  dementia (bvFTD) foresee a relative sparing of long-term memory. Although bvFTD patients were thought to report secondary memory deficits associated with prefrontal dysfunctions, some studies indicated the presence of a "genuine memory deficit" related to mesial temporal lobe dysfunctions. Among various neuropsychological tests, the Free and Cue Selective Reminding Test (FCSRT) has been recommended to distinguish genuine from apparent amnesia. We conducted a systematic review and a random effect Bayesian meta-analysis to evaluate the nature and severity of memory deficit in bvFTD. Our objective was to determine whether the existing literature offers evidence of genuine or apparent amnesia in patients with bvFTD, as assessed via the FCSRT. On 06/19/2021, we conducted a search across four databases (PMC, Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed). We included all studies that evaluated memory performance using the FCSRT in patients with bvFTD, as long as they also included either cognitively unimpaired participants or AD groups. We tested publication bias through the Funnel plot and Egger's test. To assess the quality of studies, we used the Newcastle-Ottawa quality assessment scale adapted for cross-sectional studies. We included 16 studies in the meta-analysis. The results showed that bvFTD patients perform better than AD patients (pooled effects between 0.95 and 1.14), as their memory performance stands between AD and control groups (pooled effects between - 2.19 and - 1.25). Moreover, patients with bvFTD present both genuine and secondary memory disorders. As a major limitation of this study, due to our adoption of a rigorous methodology and stringent inclusion criteria, we ended up with just 16 studies. Nonetheless, our robust findings can contribute to the ongoing discussion on international consensus criteria for bvFTD and the selection of appropriate neuropsychological tools to facilitate the differential diagnosis between AD and bvFTD.},
author = {Macchitella, Luigi and Tosi, Giorgia and Giaquinto, Francesco and Iaia, Marika and Rizzi, Ezia and Chiarello, Ylenia and Bertoux, Maxime and Angelelli, Paola and Romano, Daniele Luigi},
doi = {10.1007/s11065-023-09613-3},
issn = {1573-6660 (Electronic)},
journal = {Neuropsychology review},
keywords = {Cues,Frontotemporal Dementia,Humans,Memory Disorders,Mental Recall,Neuropsychological Tests,complications,diagnosis,etiology,physiology,physiopathology,psychology},
language = {eng},
month = {sep},
number = {3},
pages = {823--837},
pmid = {37736861},
title = {{Genuine Memory Deficits as Assessed by the Free and Cued Selective Reminding Test  (FCSRT) in the Behavioural Variant of Frontotemporal Dementia. A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Study.}},
volume = {34},
year = {2024}
}

The current diagnostic criteria for the behavioural variant of frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) foresee a relative sparing of long-term memory. Although bvFTD patients were thought to report secondary memory deficits associated with prefrontal dysfunctions, some studies indicated the presence of a "genuine memory deficit" related to mesial temporal lobe dysfunctions. Among various neuropsychological tests, the Free and Cue Selective Reminding Test (FCSRT) has been recommended to distinguish genuine from apparent amnesia. We conducted a systematic review and a random effect Bayesian meta-analysis to evaluate the nature and severity of memory deficit in bvFTD. Our objective was to determine whether the existing literature offers evidence of genuine or apparent amnesia in patients with bvFTD, as assessed via the FCSRT. On 06/19/2021, we conducted a search across four databases (PMC, Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed). We included all studies that evaluated memory performance using the FCSRT in patients with bvFTD, as long as they also included either cognitively unimpaired participants or AD groups. We tested publication bias through the Funnel plot and Egger's test. To assess the quality of studies, we used the Newcastle-Ottawa quality assessment scale adapted for cross-sectional studies. We included 16 studies in the meta-analysis. The results showed that bvFTD patients perform better than AD patients (pooled effects between 0.95 and 1.14), as their memory performance stands between AD and control groups (pooled effects between - 2.19 and - 1.25). Moreover, patients with bvFTD present both genuine and secondary memory disorders. As a major limitation of this study, due to our adoption of a rigorous methodology and stringent inclusion criteria, we ended up with just 16 studies. Nonetheless, our robust findings can contribute to the ongoing discussion on international consensus criteria for bvFTD and the selection of appropriate neuropsychological tools to facilitate the differential diagnosis between AD and bvFTD.

@article{Martalek2024,
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Exposure to traumatic events is a frequent source of distress,  provoking isolated symptoms such as distressing memories (DM) to full-blown post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). We aimed to assess the continuum theory using DM as an isolated symptom, and to examine trauma consequences in a exposed to traumatic events. METHODS: Using data from the National Epidemiologic Study of Alcohol and Related Conditions III, we assessed the prevalence of DM in a trauma exposed sample, and examined their sociodemographic and lifetime psychiatric correlates, comparing three groups: (i) controls (no DM, no PTSD); (ii) participants with isolated DM without PTSD; (iii) participants with PTSD. We estimated the sensitivity and specificity of DM for PTSD diagnosis. RESULTS: In our sample of 17,505 participants exposed to trauma, 13 % had PTSD and 42 % had DM without PTSD. The sensitivity of DM for the diagnosis of PTSD was 95.14 %, specificity was 51.91 %. Participants with DM and those with PTSD shared the same socio-demographic correlates. Participants with DM reported more lifetime psychiatric disorders (mood disorders - mainly depressive disorders and bipolar type 1 disorder; anxiety disorders - mainly social anxiety disorder, substance use disorders - mainly opioid use disorder and cannabis disorder; eating disorders - mainly binge eating disorder; personality disorders - mainly borderline personality disorder- and suicidality) than controls, but less than participants with PTSD. CONCLUSION: DM represent an intermediate state between well-being and post-traumatic stress disorder; DM is also associated with other psychiatric disorders. It should be considered as a transdiagnostic psychiatric symptom useful for clinicians in identifying psychiatric vulnerability.},
author = {Martalek, Alexandra and Dubertret, Caroline and Fovet, Thomas and {Le Strat}, Yann and Tebeka, Sarah},
doi = {10.1016/j.jad.2024.07.076},
issn = {1573-2517 (Electronic)},
journal = {Journal of affective disorders},
keywords = {Adult,Anxiety Disorders,Female,Humans,Male,Memory,Middle Aged,Prevalence,Sensitivity and Specificity,Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic,Young Adult,diagnosis,epidemiology,psychology},
language = {eng},
month = {oct},
pages = {198--205},
pmid = {39029679},
title = {{Distressing memories: A continuum from wellness to PTSD.}},
volume = {363},
year = {2024}
}

BACKGROUND: Exposure to traumatic events is a frequent source of distress, provoking isolated symptoms such as distressing memories (DM) to full-blown post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). We aimed to assess the continuum theory using DM as an isolated symptom, and to examine trauma consequences in a exposed to traumatic events. METHODS: Using data from the National Epidemiologic Study of Alcohol and Related Conditions III, we assessed the prevalence of DM in a trauma exposed sample, and examined their sociodemographic and lifetime psychiatric correlates, comparing three groups: (i) controls (no DM, no PTSD); (ii) participants with isolated DM without PTSD; (iii) participants with PTSD. We estimated the sensitivity and specificity of DM for PTSD diagnosis. RESULTS: In our sample of 17,505 participants exposed to trauma, 13 % had PTSD and 42 % had DM without PTSD. The sensitivity of DM for the diagnosis of PTSD was 95.14 %, specificity was 51.91 %. Participants with DM and those with PTSD shared the same socio-demographic correlates. Participants with DM reported more lifetime psychiatric disorders (mood disorders - mainly depressive disorders and bipolar type 1 disorder; anxiety disorders - mainly social anxiety disorder, substance use disorders - mainly opioid use disorder and cannabis disorder; eating disorders - mainly binge eating disorder; personality disorders - mainly borderline personality disorder- and suicidality) than controls, but less than participants with PTSD. CONCLUSION: DM represent an intermediate state between well-being and post-traumatic stress disorder; DM is also associated with other psychiatric disorders. It should be considered as a transdiagnostic psychiatric symptom useful for clinicians in identifying psychiatric vulnerability.

@article{Mastellari2024a,
abstract = {Background: Catatonia is a neuropsychiatric syndrome associated with both psychiatric disorders and medical conditions. Understanding of the pathophysiology of catatonia remains limited, and the role of the environment is unclear. Although seasonal variations have been shown for many of the disorders underlying catatonia, the seasonality of this syndrome has not yet been adequately explored. Methods: Clinical records were screened to identify a cohort of patients suffering from catatonia and a control group of psychiatric inpatients, from 2007 to 2016 in South London. In a cohort study, the seasonality of presentation was explored fitting regression models with harmonic terms, while the effect of season of birth on subsequent development of catatonia was analyzed using regression models for count data. In a case-control study, the association between month of birth and catatonia was studied fitting logistic regression models. Results: In total, 955 patients suffering from catatonia and 23,409 controls were included. The number of catatonic episodes increased during winter, with a peak in February. Similarly, an increasing number of cases was observed during summer, with a second peak in August. However, no evidence for an association between month of birth and catatonia was found. Conclusions: The presentation of catatonia showed seasonal variation in accordance with patterns described for many of the disorders underlying catatonia, such as mood disorders and infections. We found no evidence for an association between season of birth and risk of developing catatonia. This may imply that recent triggers may underpin catatonia, rather than distal events.},
author = {Mastellari, Tomas and Rogers, Jonathan P. and Cortina-Borja, Mario and David, Anthony S. and Zandi, Michael S. and Amad, Ali and Lewis, Glyn},
doi = {10.1016/j.schres.2023.03.015},
issn = {15732509},
journal = {Schizophrenia Research},
keywords = {Catatonia,Cosinor model,Season of birth,Seasonality,Seasonality of presentation},
language = {eng},
month = {jan},
pages = {214--222},
pmid = {36933976},
title = {{Seasonality of presentation and birth in catatonia}},
volume = {263},
year = {2024}
}

Background: Catatonia is a neuropsychiatric syndrome associated with both psychiatric disorders and medical conditions. Understanding of the pathophysiology of catatonia remains limited, and the role of the environment is unclear. Although seasonal variations have been shown for many of the disorders underlying catatonia, the seasonality of this syndrome has not yet been adequately explored. Methods: Clinical records were screened to identify a cohort of patients suffering from catatonia and a control group of psychiatric inpatients, from 2007 to 2016 in South London. In a cohort study, the seasonality of presentation was explored fitting regression models with harmonic terms, while the effect of season of birth on subsequent development of catatonia was analyzed using regression models for count data. In a case-control study, the association between month of birth and catatonia was studied fitting logistic regression models. Results: In total, 955 patients suffering from catatonia and 23,409 controls were included. The number of catatonic episodes increased during winter, with a peak in February. Similarly, an increasing number of cases was observed during summer, with a second peak in August. However, no evidence for an association between month of birth and catatonia was found. Conclusions: The presentation of catatonia showed seasonal variation in accordance with patterns described for many of the disorders underlying catatonia, such as mood disorders and infections. We found no evidence for an association between season of birth and risk of developing catatonia. This may imply that recent triggers may underpin catatonia, rather than distal events.

@article{Mastellari2024,
abstract = {Catatonia is a severe psychomotor syndrome mainly associated with psychiatric  disorders, such as mood disorders and schizophrenia. Seasonal patterns have been described for these psychiatric disorders, and a previous study conducted in South London showed for the first time a seasonal pattern in the onset of catatonia. In this study, we aim to extend those findings to a larger national sample of patients admitted to French metropolitan hospitals, between 2015 and 2022, and to perform subgroup analyses by the main associated psychiatric disorder. A total of 6225 patients diagnosed with catatonia were included. A seasonal pattern for catatonia diagnosis was described, using cosinor models. Two peaks of diagnoses for catatonic cases were described in March and around September-October. Depending on the associated psychiatric disorder, the seasonality of catatonia diagnosis differed. In patients suffering with mood disorders, peaks of catatonia diagnosis were found in March and July. For patients suffering with schizophrenia, no seasonal pattern was found.},
author = {Mastellari, Tomas and Saint-Dizier, Chlo{\'{e}} and Fovet, Thomas and Geoffroy, Pierre-Alexis Alexis and Rogers, Jonathan and Lamer, Antoine and Amad, Ali},
doi = {10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115652},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Mastellari et al. - 2024 - Exploring seasonality in catatonia diagnosis Evidence from a large-scale population study.pdf:pdf},
issn = {1872-7123 (Electronic)},
journal = {Psychiatry research},
keywords = {Catatonia,Catatonic syndrome,Diagnosis of catatonia,Humans,London,Mood Disorders,Onset of catatonia,Schizophrenia,Seasonality,Seasons,Syndrome,complications,diagnosis,epidemiology,psychology},
language = {English},
month = {jan},
pages = {115652},
pmid = {38071881},
title = {{Exploring seasonality in catatonia diagnosis: Evidence from a large-scale  population study.}},
volume = {331},
year = {2024}
}

Catatonia is a severe psychomotor syndrome mainly associated with psychiatric disorders, such as mood disorders and schizophrenia. Seasonal patterns have been described for these psychiatric disorders, and a previous study conducted in South London showed for the first time a seasonal pattern in the onset of catatonia. In this study, we aim to extend those findings to a larger national sample of patients admitted to French metropolitan hospitals, between 2015 and 2022, and to perform subgroup analyses by the main associated psychiatric disorder. A total of 6225 patients diagnosed with catatonia were included. A seasonal pattern for catatonia diagnosis was described, using cosinor models. Two peaks of diagnoses for catatonic cases were described in March and around September-October. Depending on the associated psychiatric disorder, the seasonality of catatonia diagnosis differed. In patients suffering with mood disorders, peaks of catatonia diagnosis were found in March and July. For patients suffering with schizophrenia, no seasonal pattern was found.

@article{Maurage2023,
abstract = {Many patients with substance use disorders (SUDs) present cognitive deficits, which are associated with clinical outcomes. Neuropsychological remediation might help rehabilitate cognitive functions in these populations, hence improving treatment effectiveness. Nardo and colleagues (Neuropsychology Review, 32, 161-191, 2022) reviewed 32 studies applying cognitive remediation for patients with SUDs. They underlined the heterogeneity and lack of quality of studies in this research field but concluded that cognitive remediation remains a promising tool for addictive disorders. We capitalize on the insights of this review to identify the key barriers that currently hinder the practical implementation of cognitive remediation in clinical settings. We outline five issues to be addressed, namely, (1) the integration of cognitive remediation in clinical practices; (2) the selection criteria and individual factors to consider; (3) the timing to be followed; (4) the priority across trained cognitive functions; and (5) the generalization of the improvements obtained. We finally propose that cognitive remediation should not be limited to classical cognitive functions but should also be extended toward substance-related biases and social cognition, two categories of processes that are also involved in the emergence and persistence of SUDs.},
author = {Maurage, Pierre and Rolland, Benjamin and Pitel, Anne-Lise Lise and D'Hondt, Fabien},
doi = {10.1007/s11065-023-09623-1},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Maurage et al. - 2023 - Five Challenges in Implementing Cognitive Remediation for Patients with Substance Use Disorders in Clinical Sett.pdf:pdf},
isbn = {1106502309623},
issn = {15736660},
journal = {Neuropsychology review},
keywords = {Cognitive Dysfunction,Cognitive Remediation,Cognitive remediation,Cognitive therapy,Humans,Neuropsychology,Substance use disorder,Substance-Related Disorders,complications,etiology,methods,psychology,rehabilitation,therapy},
language = {eng},
month = {sep},
number = {3},
pages = {974--984},
pmid = {37843739},
publisher = {Springer US},
title = {{Five Challenges in Implementing Cognitive Remediation for Patients with Substance Use Disorders in Clinical Settings}},
url = {10.1007/s11065-023-09623-1},
volume = {34},
year = {2024}
}

Many patients with substance use disorders (SUDs) present cognitive deficits, which are associated with clinical outcomes. Neuropsychological remediation might help rehabilitate cognitive functions in these populations, hence improving treatment effectiveness. Nardo and colleagues (Neuropsychology Review, 32, 161-191, 2022) reviewed 32 studies applying cognitive remediation for patients with SUDs. They underlined the heterogeneity and lack of quality of studies in this research field but concluded that cognitive remediation remains a promising tool for addictive disorders. We capitalize on the insights of this review to identify the key barriers that currently hinder the practical implementation of cognitive remediation in clinical settings. We outline five issues to be addressed, namely, (1) the integration of cognitive remediation in clinical practices; (2) the selection criteria and individual factors to consider; (3) the timing to be followed; (4) the priority across trained cognitive functions; and (5) the generalization of the improvements obtained. We finally propose that cognitive remediation should not be limited to classical cognitive functions but should also be extended toward substance-related biases and social cognition, two categories of processes that are also involved in the emergence and persistence of SUDs.

@article{Maurage2024,
abstract = {Many patients with substance use disorders (SUDs) present cognitive deficits,  which are associated with clinical outcomes. Neuropsychological remediation might help rehabilitate cognitive functions in these populations, hence improving treatment effectiveness. Nardo and colleagues (Neuropsychology Review, 32, 161-191, 2022) reviewed 32 studies applying cognitive remediation for patients with SUDs. They underlined the heterogeneity and lack of quality of studies in this research field but concluded that cognitive remediation remains a promising tool for addictive disorders. We capitalize on the insights of this review to identify the key barriers that currently hinder the practical implementation of cognitive remediation in clinical settings. We outline five issues to be addressed, namely, (1) the integration of cognitive remediation in clinical practices; (2) the selection criteria and individual factors to consider; (3) the timing to be followed; (4) the priority across trained cognitive functions; and (5) the generalization of the improvements obtained. We finally propose that cognitive remediation should not be limited to classical cognitive functions but should also be extended toward substance-related biases and social cognition, two categories of processes that are also involved in the emergence and persistence of SUDs.},
author = {Maurage, Pierre and Rolland, Benjamin and Pitel, Anne-Lise and D'Hondt, Fabien},
doi = {10.1007/s11065-023-09623-1},
issn = {1573-6660 (Electronic)},
journal = {Neuropsychology review},
keywords = {Cognitive Dysfunction,Cognitive Remediation,Humans,Substance-Related Disorders,complications,etiology,methods,psychology,rehabilitation,therapy},
language = {eng},
month = {sep},
number = {3},
pages = {974--984},
pmid = {37843739},
title = {{Five Challenges in Implementing Cognitive Remediation for Patients with Substance  Use Disorders in Clinical Settings.}},
volume = {34},
year = {2024}
}

Many patients with substance use disorders (SUDs) present cognitive deficits, which are associated with clinical outcomes. Neuropsychological remediation might help rehabilitate cognitive functions in these populations, hence improving treatment effectiveness. Nardo and colleagues (Neuropsychology Review, 32, 161-191, 2022) reviewed 32 studies applying cognitive remediation for patients with SUDs. They underlined the heterogeneity and lack of quality of studies in this research field but concluded that cognitive remediation remains a promising tool for addictive disorders. We capitalize on the insights of this review to identify the key barriers that currently hinder the practical implementation of cognitive remediation in clinical settings. We outline five issues to be addressed, namely, (1) the integration of cognitive remediation in clinical practices; (2) the selection criteria and individual factors to consider; (3) the timing to be followed; (4) the priority across trained cognitive functions; and (5) the generalization of the improvements obtained. We finally propose that cognitive remediation should not be limited to classical cognitive functions but should also be extended toward substance-related biases and social cognition, two categories of processes that are also involved in the emergence and persistence of SUDs.

@article{Moumen2024,
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Functional somatic disorder (FSD) is a prevalent disorder that can be  severely disabling for the patient and is associated with major health costs. There are few formalized care programs for these disorders in the country, and their management encounters various difficulties, both in the diagnosis and its announcement and the treatment. Cognitive-behavioural and emotional therapy (CBT) is the standard on psychiatry care, and its efficacy has been demonstrated through several randomised controlled studies on the intensity of physical and psychological symptoms. INTERVENTION: At Lille's University Hospital Center, we have established the "ACSEPT" care pathway for TSF management which consists of a psychiatric consultation followed by an individual referral, including a treatment using repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) or the integration of a CBT-based psychoeducation group. This group had the particularity of caring for all patients presenting FSD regardless of the associated physical symptoms. Educating medical professionals and conducting FSD research were other goals of ACSEPT. DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION: ACSEPT allows an improvement in the care offered to these patients with a defined orientation and interdisciplinary, early, organized cares that are repeatable. Our goal is to study the effectiveness of these different interventions in subsequent studies, to continue the development of ACSEPT and to be able to distribute this intervention at the regional level to establish a clear care program allowing early management of these patients.},
author = {Moumen, Caroline and Rousselle, Margot and Danel, Jeanne and Vaiva, Guillaume and Amad, Ali and Horn, Mathilde},
doi = {10.1016/j.encep.2024.06.005},
issn = {0013-7006 (Print)},
journal = {L'Encephale},
language = {fre},
month = {oct},
pmid = {39366811},
title = {{[Which solution to functional somatic disorder: The ACSEPT program].}},
year = {2024}
}

BACKGROUND: Functional somatic disorder (FSD) is a prevalent disorder that can be severely disabling for the patient and is associated with major health costs. There are few formalized care programs for these disorders in the country, and their management encounters various difficulties, both in the diagnosis and its announcement and the treatment. Cognitive-behavioural and emotional therapy (CBT) is the standard on psychiatry care, and its efficacy has been demonstrated through several randomised controlled studies on the intensity of physical and psychological symptoms. INTERVENTION: At Lille's University Hospital Center, we have established the "ACSEPT" care pathway for TSF management which consists of a psychiatric consultation followed by an individual referral, including a treatment using repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) or the integration of a CBT-based psychoeducation group. This group had the particularity of caring for all patients presenting FSD regardless of the associated physical symptoms. Educating medical professionals and conducting FSD research were other goals of ACSEPT. DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION: ACSEPT allows an improvement in the care offered to these patients with a defined orientation and interdisciplinary, early, organized cares that are repeatable. Our goal is to study the effectiveness of these different interventions in subsequent studies, to continue the development of ACSEPT and to be able to distribute this intervention at the regional level to establish a clear care program allowing early management of these patients.

@article{Nicolas2024,
author = {Nicolas, G and Zar{\'{e}}a, A and Lacour, M and Quenez, O and Rousseau, S and Richard, A C and Bonnevalle, A and Schramm, C and Olaso, R and Sandron, F and Boland, A and Deleuze, J F and Andriuta, D and Anthony, P and Auriacombe, S and Balageas, A C and Ballan, G and Barbay, M and Bejot, Y and Belliard, S and Benaiteau, M and Bennys, K and Bombois, S and Boutoleau-Bretonniere, C and Branger, P and Carlier, J and Cartz-Piver, L and Cassagnaud, P and Ceccaldi, M P and Chauvire, V and Chen, Y and Cogez, J and Cognat, E and Contegal-Callier, F and Corneille, L and Couratier, P and Cretin, B and Crinquette, C and Dauriat, B and Dautricourt, S and de la Sayette, V and de Li{\`{e}}ge, A and Deffond, D and Demurger, F and Deramecourt, V and Derollez, C and Dionet, E and {Doco Fenzy}, M and Dumurgier, J and Dutray, A and Etcharry-Bouyx, F and Formaglio, M and Gabelle, A and Gainche-Salmon, A and Godefroy, O and Graber, M and Gregoire, C and Grimaldi, S and Gueniat, J and Gueriot, C and Guillet-Pichon, V and Haffen, S and Hanta, C R and Hardy, C and Hautecloque, G and Heitz, C and Hourregue, C and Jonveaux, T and Jurici, S and Koric, L and Krolak-Salmon, P and Lagarde, J and Lanoisel{\'{e}}e, H M and Laurens, B and {Le Ber}, I and {Le Guyader}, G and Leblanc, A and Lebouvier, Thibaud and Levy, R and Lippi, A and Mackowiak, Marie Anne and Magnin, E and Marelli, C and Martinaud, O and Maureille, A and Migliaccio, R and Milongo-Rigal, E and Mohr, S and Mollion, H and Morin, A and Nivelle, J and Noiray, C and Olivieri, P and Paquet, C and Pariente, J and Pasquier, F and Perron, A and Philippi, N and Planche, V and Pouclet-Courtemanche, H and Rafiq, M and Rollin-Sillaire, Adeline and Rou{\'{e}}-Jagot, C and Saracino, D and Sarazin, M and Sauv{\'{e}}e, M and Sellal, F and Teichmann, M and Thauvin, C and Thomas, Q and Tisserand, C and Turpinat, C and {Van Damme}, L and Vercruysse, O and Villain, N and Wagemann, N and Charbonnier, C and Wallon, D},
doi = {10.1016/j.gim.2024.101082},
issn = {1530-0366},
journal = {Genet Med},
language = {English},
pages = {101082},
title = {{Assessment of Mendelian and risk factor genes in Alzheimer disease: a prospective nationwide clinical utility study and recommendations for genetic screening.}},
year = {2024}
}

@article{Notredame2024,
abstract = {The extensive number of publications on suicide risk factors presents a practical challenge for clinicians, policy makers, and researchers to translate the research findings from academia to the improvement of individual suicide predictions and collective prevention. The Suicide Risk-Factor - Data Query Tool (SURF-DTQ) is a web application that collates organized data and helps with meta-analysis of suicidality data. Through a process of systematic review of literature according to PRISMA standards, screening and extracting studies with designs of a high level of evidence, and multi-level data synthesis, information is presented in the SURF database in a summarized, structured, and immediately relevant form. SURF allows users to search by risk factor, population, date, and indicator filters, enabling users to quickly access the most up to date and empirically grounded general or specific knowledge about suicide-related risk factors.},
author = {Notredame, Charles-{\'{E}}douard and Ford, M. and Jabari, N. and Bhuiyan, O. and Richard-Devantoy, S.},
doi = {10.1265/ehpm.24-00113},
issn = {13474715},
journal = {Environmental health and preventive medicine},
keywords = {Risk factor,Suicidal behaviour,Suicidal ideation,Suicide,Suicide attempt},
language = {eng},
pages = {69},
pmid = {39647866},
title = {{The Suicide-Risk Factor - Data Query Tool (SURF-DQT): easy and handy access to the exhaustive base of highest evidence suicide risk factors}},
volume = {29},
year = {2024}
}

The extensive number of publications on suicide risk factors presents a practical challenge for clinicians, policy makers, and researchers to translate the research findings from academia to the improvement of individual suicide predictions and collective prevention. The Suicide Risk-Factor - Data Query Tool (SURF-DTQ) is a web application that collates organized data and helps with meta-analysis of suicidality data. Through a process of systematic review of literature according to PRISMA standards, screening and extracting studies with designs of a high level of evidence, and multi-level data synthesis, information is presented in the SURF database in a summarized, structured, and immediately relevant form. SURF allows users to search by risk factor, population, date, and indicator filters, enabling users to quickly access the most up to date and empirically grounded general or specific knowledge about suicide-related risk factors.

@article{Peyre2024,
abstract = {Background: This study explores among individuals with a major depressive episode  (MDE) the potential impact of mixed features on the risk of suicide attempt, suicidal thoughts, self-harm intentions, and thoughts of death. Methods: Data from the French Mental Health in General Population (MHGP) survey (1999-2003) were analyzed, including 128 participants meeting DSM 5 criteria for MDE with mixed features (MDE with at least 3 manic symptoms) and 3,312 participants experiencing MDE without mixed features. Our primary analysis focused on suicide attempt, with additional examination of recent suicidal thoughts, self-harm intentions, and thoughts of death. Multivariable regression models were performed to adjust for potential confounding variables, including sociodemographics, previous suicide attempt, number of depressive symptoms, and psychiatric comorbidity. Results: MDE with mixed features was significantly associated with an increased risk of suicide attempt (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.69; 95% CI, 1.26-2.25). This association did not significantly differ between men and women. Furthermore, the number of manic symptoms demonstrated a dose-dependent relationship with an increased risk of suicide attempt (AOR = 1.18; 95% CI, 1.07-1.30; P < .001). Mixed features were also associated with suicide attempt among individuals with MDE and without recent suicidal thoughts (AOR = 2.74; 95% CI, 1.36-5.54). Conclusion: This study underscores the importance of assessing mixed features when evaluating the risk of suicide attempt in individuals with MDE. Mechanisms underlying this association might be independent of progression from thoughts of death to suicidal thoughts, suicidal intention, and ultimately, suicide attempt.},
author = {Peyre, Hugo and Hoertel, Nicolas and Pignon, Baptiste and Amad, Ali and Roelandt, Jean-Luc and Benradia, Imane and Thomas, Pierre and Vaiva, Guillaume and Geoffroy, Pierre-Alexis and Oli{\'{e}}, Emilie and Courtet, Philippe},
doi = {10.4088/JCP.24m15445},
issn = {1555-2101 (Electronic)},
journal = {The Journal of clinical psychiatry},
keywords = {Adolescent,Adult,Aged,Bipolar Disorder,Depressive Disorder, Major,Female,France,Health Surveys,Humans,Male,Mania,Middle Aged,Risk Factors,Suicidal Ideation,Suicide, Attempted,Young Adult,epidemiology,psychology,statistics & numerical data},
language = {eng},
month = {nov},
number = {4},
pmid = {39508717},
title = {{Mixed Features and Nonfatal Suicide Attempt Among Individuals With Major  Depressive Episode: Insights From the French MHGP Survey.}},
volume = {85},
year = {2024}
}

Background: This study explores among individuals with a major depressive episode (MDE) the potential impact of mixed features on the risk of suicide attempt, suicidal thoughts, self-harm intentions, and thoughts of death. Methods: Data from the French Mental Health in General Population (MHGP) survey (1999-2003) were analyzed, including 128 participants meeting DSM 5 criteria for MDE with mixed features (MDE with at least 3 manic symptoms) and 3,312 participants experiencing MDE without mixed features. Our primary analysis focused on suicide attempt, with additional examination of recent suicidal thoughts, self-harm intentions, and thoughts of death. Multivariable regression models were performed to adjust for potential confounding variables, including sociodemographics, previous suicide attempt, number of depressive symptoms, and psychiatric comorbidity. Results: MDE with mixed features was significantly associated with an increased risk of suicide attempt (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.69; 95% CI, 1.26-2.25). This association did not significantly differ between men and women. Furthermore, the number of manic symptoms demonstrated a dose-dependent relationship with an increased risk of suicide attempt (AOR = 1.18; 95% CI, 1.07-1.30; P < .001). Mixed features were also associated with suicide attempt among individuals with MDE and without recent suicidal thoughts (AOR = 2.74; 95% CI, 1.36-5.54). Conclusion: This study underscores the importance of assessing mixed features when evaluating the risk of suicide attempt in individuals with MDE. Mechanisms underlying this association might be independent of progression from thoughts of death to suicidal thoughts, suicidal intention, and ultimately, suicide attempt.

@article{Pignon2024,
abstract = {OBJECTIVE: The 12-item Somatic Symptom Disorder-B Criteria Scale (SSD-12) is a  self-reported questionnaire designed to assess the B criteria of the DSM-5 somatic symptom disorder. In this cross-sectional study, we aimed to examine the psychometric properties of the SSD-12 French version and associated health outcomes. METHODS: Participants were volunteers from the population-based CONSTANCES cohort who reported at least one new symptom that occurred between March 2020 and January 2021. Depressive symptoms were measured with the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression scale (CES-D). RESULTS: A total of 18,796 participants completed the SSD-12. The scree plot was consistent with a 1-factor structure, while goodness-of-fit indices of the confirmatory factorial analyses and clinical interpretability were consistent with a 3-factor structure (excluding the item 7): 'Perceived severity', 'Perceived impairment', 'Negative expectations'. The Cronbach's $\alpha$ coefficients of the total and factors scores were 0.90, 0.88, 0.84 and 0.877, respectively. The total score was associated with depressive symptoms (Spearmann's rho: 0.32), self-rated health (-0.46), the number of persistent symptoms (0.32), and seeking medical consultation (odds ratio [95% confidence interval] for one interquartile range increase: 1.51 [1.48-1.54]). Among participants seeking medical consultation, those with higher SSD-12 scores were more likely to have their symptoms attributed to "stress/anxiety/depression" (1.32 [1.22-1.43]) and "psychosomatic origin" (1.25 [1.20-1.29]), and less to "COVID-19" (0.89 [0.85-0.93]). CONCLUSION: While the SSD-12 French version can be used as a unidimensional tool, it also has a 3-factor structure, somewhat different from the DSM-5 theoretical structure, with high internal consistency and clinically meaningful associations with other health outcomes.},
author = {Pignon, Baptiste and Wiernik, Emmanuel and Kab, Sofiane and Matta, Joane and Toussaint, Anne and L{\"{o}}ewe, Bernd and Horn, Mathilde and Amad, Ali and Fovet, Thomas and Gouraud, Cl{\'{e}}ment and Ouazana-Vedrines, Charles and Pitron, Victor and Goldberg, Marcel and Zins, Marie and Lemogne, C{\'{e}}dric},
doi = {10.1016/j.jpsychores.2023.111556},
issn = {1879-1360 (Electronic)},
journal = {Journal of psychosomatic research},
keywords = {Cross-Sectional Studies,Humans,Medically Unexplained Symptoms,Mental Disorders,Outcome Assessment, Health Care,Psychometrics,Reproducibility of Results,Surveys and Questionnaires,methods},
language = {eng},
month = {jan},
pages = {111556},
pmid = {38056109},
title = {{Somatic Symptom Disorder-B criteria scale (SSD-12): Psychometric properties of  the French version and associations with health outcomes in a population-based cross-sectional study.}},
volume = {176},
year = {2024}
}

OBJECTIVE: The 12-item Somatic Symptom Disorder-B Criteria Scale (SSD-12) is a self-reported questionnaire designed to assess the B criteria of the DSM-5 somatic symptom disorder. In this cross-sectional study, we aimed to examine the psychometric properties of the SSD-12 French version and associated health outcomes. METHODS: Participants were volunteers from the population-based CONSTANCES cohort who reported at least one new symptom that occurred between March 2020 and January 2021. Depressive symptoms were measured with the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression scale (CES-D). RESULTS: A total of 18,796 participants completed the SSD-12. The scree plot was consistent with a 1-factor structure, while goodness-of-fit indices of the confirmatory factorial analyses and clinical interpretability were consistent with a 3-factor structure (excluding the item 7): 'Perceived severity', 'Perceived impairment', 'Negative expectations'. The Cronbach's $α$ coefficients of the total and factors scores were 0.90, 0.88, 0.84 and 0.877, respectively. The total score was associated with depressive symptoms (Spearmann's rho: 0.32), self-rated health (-0.46), the number of persistent symptoms (0.32), and seeking medical consultation (odds ratio [95% confidence interval] for one interquartile range increase: 1.51 [1.48-1.54]). Among participants seeking medical consultation, those with higher SSD-12 scores were more likely to have their symptoms attributed to "stress/anxiety/depression" (1.32 [1.22-1.43]) and "psychosomatic origin" (1.25 [1.20-1.29]), and less to "COVID-19" (0.89 [0.85-0.93]). CONCLUSION: While the SSD-12 French version can be used as a unidimensional tool, it also has a 3-factor structure, somewhat different from the DSM-5 theoretical structure, with high internal consistency and clinically meaningful associations with other health outcomes.

@article{Pruvot2024,
abstract = {Aims: To describe the demographic characteristics of heroin and cocaine injectors with chronic injection-related trophic disorders, as well as the clinical and progressive characteristics of these disorders. Methods: A descriptive, observational, multicenter and retrospective study over the last 15 years. Patients were recruited via a call for cases and by consulting the health data warehouse of the university hospital center. Results: The population comprised 39 injection drug users, of whom 79.5% were male, with a median age of 41 years. Subjects had numerous co-addictions and 70.5% were infected with hepatitis C virus. Trophic disorders were multiple in some cases: 43.5% of patients had lymphoedema, 87% had ulcers, and 56.5% had injection-related scars. Ulcers were multiple, large, and present for a median of 3 years. They were located on the upper limbs in 32.5% of cases. Ulcers constituted a source of complications in 64.5% of cases and these were infectious in 91% of cases (local, osteoarticular or systemic). During follow-up, 8 patients died and 21.5% of patients requiring ulcer care were lost to follow-up. Conclusions: This study showed a high rate of complications, particularly infections, of ulcers in injection drug users. Localization of these ulcers to the upper limbs, although rare in the general population, is relatively frequent in this population. Follow-up is difficult and cooperation between dermatologist and addictologist is essential to improve patient care.},
author = {Pruvot, C. and Carpentier, O. and Montmureau, A. and Becquart, C. and Fievet, C. and Cottencin, Olivier and Staumont-Salle, D. and Mortier, L. and Drouard, M.},
doi = {10.1016/j.annder.2024.103289},
issn = {01519638},
journal = {Annales de Dermatologie et de Venereologie},
keywords = {Cocaine,Heroin,Lymphedema,PWID (people who inject drugs),Ulcer},
language = {eng},
month = {sep},
number = {3},
pages = {103289},
pmid = {39002406},
title = {{Chronic trophic disorders in cocaine and heroin injectors: A multicenter retrospective observational descriptive study}},
volume = {151},
year = {2024}
}

Aims: To describe the demographic characteristics of heroin and cocaine injectors with chronic injection-related trophic disorders, as well as the clinical and progressive characteristics of these disorders. Methods: A descriptive, observational, multicenter and retrospective study over the last 15 years. Patients were recruited via a call for cases and by consulting the health data warehouse of the university hospital center. Results: The population comprised 39 injection drug users, of whom 79.5% were male, with a median age of 41 years. Subjects had numerous co-addictions and 70.5% were infected with hepatitis C virus. Trophic disorders were multiple in some cases: 43.5% of patients had lymphoedema, 87% had ulcers, and 56.5% had injection-related scars. Ulcers were multiple, large, and present for a median of 3 years. They were located on the upper limbs in 32.5% of cases. Ulcers constituted a source of complications in 64.5% of cases and these were infectious in 91% of cases (local, osteoarticular or systemic). During follow-up, 8 patients died and 21.5% of patients requiring ulcer care were lost to follow-up. Conclusions: This study showed a high rate of complications, particularly infections, of ulcers in injection drug users. Localization of these ulcers to the upper limbs, although rare in the general population, is relatively frequent in this population. Follow-up is difficult and cooperation between dermatologist and addictologist is essential to improve patient care.

@article{Quellec2024,
abstract = {Over 700,000 people die by suicide annually. Collecting longitudinal fine-grained  data about at-risk individuals, as they occur in the real world, can enhance our understanding of the temporal dynamics of suicide risk, leading to better identification of those in need of immediate intervention. Self-assessment questionnaires were collected over time from 89 at-risk individuals using the EMMA smartphone application. An artificial intelligence (AI) model was trained to assess current level of suicidal ideation (SI), an early indicator of the suicide risk, and to predict its progression in the following days. A key challenge was the unevenly spaced and incomplete nature of the time series data. To address this, the AI was built on a missing value imputation algorithm. The AI successfully distinguished high SI levels from low SI levels both on the current day (AUC = 0.804, F1 = 0.625, MCC = 0.459) and three days in advance (AUC = 0.769, F1 = 0.576, MCC = 0.386). Besides past SI levels, the most significant questions were related to psychological pain, well-being, agitation, emotional tension, and protective factors such as contacts with relatives and leisure activities. This represents a promising step towards early AI-based suicide risk prediction using a smartphone application.},
author = {Quellec, Gwenol{\'{e}} and Berrouiguet, Sofian and Morgi{\`{e}}ve, Margot and Dubois, Jonathan and Leboyer, Marion and Vaiva, Guillaume and Az{\'{e}}, J{\'{e}}r{\^{o}}me and Courtet, Philippe},
doi = {10.1038/s41598-024-71760-1},
issn = {2045-2322 (Electronic)},
journal = {Scientific reports},
keywords = {Adult,Artificial Intelligence,Female,Humans,Male,Middle Aged,Mobile Applications,Pilot Projects,Risk Assessment,Smartphone,Suicidal Ideation,Suicide Prevention,Surveys and Questionnaires,Young Adult,methods},
language = {eng},
month = {sep},
number = {1},
pages = {20870},
pmid = {39242628},
title = {{Predicting suicidal ideation from irregular and incomplete time series of  questionnaires in a smartphone-based suicide prevention platform: a pilot study.}},
volume = {14},
year = {2024}
}

Over 700,000 people die by suicide annually. Collecting longitudinal fine-grained data about at-risk individuals, as they occur in the real world, can enhance our understanding of the temporal dynamics of suicide risk, leading to better identification of those in need of immediate intervention. Self-assessment questionnaires were collected over time from 89 at-risk individuals using the EMMA smartphone application. An artificial intelligence (AI) model was trained to assess current level of suicidal ideation (SI), an early indicator of the suicide risk, and to predict its progression in the following days. A key challenge was the unevenly spaced and incomplete nature of the time series data. To address this, the AI was built on a missing value imputation algorithm. The AI successfully distinguished high SI levels from low SI levels both on the current day (AUC = 0.804, F1 = 0.625, MCC = 0.459) and three days in advance (AUC = 0.769, F1 = 0.576, MCC = 0.386). Besides past SI levels, the most significant questions were related to psychological pain, well-being, agitation, emotional tension, and protective factors such as contacts with relatives and leisure activities. This represents a promising step towards early AI-based suicide risk prediction using a smartphone application.

@article{Quesque2024a,
abstract = {The terminology used in discussions on mental state attribution is extensive and lacks consistency. In the current paper, experts from various disciplines collaborate to introduce a shared set of concepts and make recommendations regarding future use.},
author = {Quesque, Fran{\c{c}}ois and Apperly, Ian and Baillargeon, Ren{\'{e}}e and Baron-Cohen, Simon and Becchio, Cristina and Bekkering, Harold and Bernstein, Daniel and Bertoux, Maxime and Bird, Geoffrey and Bukowski, Henryk and Burgmer, Pascal and Carruthers, Peter and Catmur, Caroline and Dziobek, Isabel and Epley, Nicholas and Erle, Thorsten Michael and Frith, Chris and Frith, Uta and Galang, Carl Michael and Gallese, Vittorio and Grynberg, Delphine and Happ{\'{e}}, Francesca and Hirai, Masahiro and Hodges, Sara D. and Kanske, Philipp and Kret, Mariska and Lamm, Claus and Nandrino, Jean Louis and Obhi, Sukhvinder and Olderbak, Sally and Perner, Josef and Rossetti, Yves and Schneider, Dana and Schurz, Matthias and Schuwerk, Tobias and Sebanz, Natalie and Shamay-Tsoory, Simone and Silani, Giorgia and Spaulding, Shannon and Todd, Andrew R. and Westra, Evan and Zahavi, Dan and Brass, Marcel},
doi = {10.1038/s44271-024-00077-6},
issn = {2731-9121 (Electronic)},
journal = {Communications Psychology},
language = {eng},
month = {apr},
number = {1},
pages = {29},
pmid = {39242813},
title = {{Defining key concepts for mental state attribution}},
volume = {2},
year = {2024}
}

The terminology used in discussions on mental state attribution is extensive and lacks consistency. In the current paper, experts from various disciplines collaborate to introduce a shared set of concepts and make recommendations regarding future use.

@article{Quesque2024,
abstract = {As a key domain of cognition, social cognition abilities are altered in a wide  range of clinical groups. Accordingly, many clinical tests and theories of social cognition have been developed these last decades. Contrasting this abundant development from a research perspective, recent evidence suggests that social cognition remains rarely addressed from a clinial perspective. The aim of the present research was to characterize the current practices, representations, and needs linked to social cognition from the perspective of professional neuropsychologists and graduate students. A nationwide survey allowed us to determine the classical field conception of social cognition and its associated symptoms or notions. It also allowed us to quantify practice activities and the use of the different clinical tools available. This study revealed that neuropsychologists lack confidence regarding social cognition assessment and its rehabilitation, and that students are in demand for more knowledge and training. Suggestions of change in practices and dissemination of knowledge are discussed. Considering the importance of social cognition, an extension of initial and continuous training alongside an enrichment of interactions between researchers and clinicians were key recommendations to formulate, as well as the need for a consensual lexicon of current concepts.},
author = {Quesque, Fran{\c{c}}ois and Nivet, Maxime and Etchepare, Aurore and Wauquiez, Gr{\'{e}}goire and Prouteau, Antoinette and Desgranges, B{\'{e}}atrice and Bertoux, Maxime},
doi = {10.1080/23279095.2022.2061859},
issn = {2327-9109 (Electronic)},
journal = {Applied neuropsychology. Adult},
keywords = {Adult,Female,Humans,Male,Neuropsychology,Social Cognition,Surveys and Questionnaires},
language = {eng},
number = {4},
pages = {689--702},
pmid = {35486070},
title = {{Social cognition in neuropsychology: A nationwide survey revealing current  representations and practices.}},
volume = {31},
year = {2024}
}

As a key domain of cognition, social cognition abilities are altered in a wide range of clinical groups. Accordingly, many clinical tests and theories of social cognition have been developed these last decades. Contrasting this abundant development from a research perspective, recent evidence suggests that social cognition remains rarely addressed from a clinial perspective. The aim of the present research was to characterize the current practices, representations, and needs linked to social cognition from the perspective of professional neuropsychologists and graduate students. A nationwide survey allowed us to determine the classical field conception of social cognition and its associated symptoms or notions. It also allowed us to quantify practice activities and the use of the different clinical tools available. This study revealed that neuropsychologists lack confidence regarding social cognition assessment and its rehabilitation, and that students are in demand for more knowledge and training. Suggestions of change in practices and dissemination of knowledge are discussed. Considering the importance of social cognition, an extension of initial and continuous training alongside an enrichment of interactions between researchers and clinicians were key recommendations to formulate, as well as the need for a consensual lexicon of current concepts.

@article{Ramognino2024,
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Catatonia is a highly prevalent syndrome in patients presenting with  major neurocognitive disorders (dementia). In this study, we aim to provide a comprehensive description of the clinical and therapeutic aspects of catatonia in patients with dementia. METHOD: This descriptive study, conducted between September 2015 and June 2022, collected data from 25 patients diagnosed with dementia, out of 143 patients treated for catatonia in our specialized psychiatry department. We collected sociodemographic, clinical and treatment data for each patient. RESULTS: Dementia patients constituted 17% of the catatonic cases. Predominantly female, the cohort had a mean age of 65. Diagnoses included Alzheimer's (4 patients, 17%) and Parkinson's (1 patient, 4%) diseases, Lewy body dementia (5 patients, 21%), vascular dementia (4 patients, 17%) and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (10 patients, 41%). The mean Bush-Francis Catatonia Rating Scale score upon admission was 20/69. Overall, complete remission of catatonia was achieved in 75% of patients (n=18), with only 13% (n=3) responding to lorazepam alone, while others required additional interventions such as electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) and/or amantadine. Vascular dementia was predominantly observed in cases resistant to treatment. CONCLUSION: The findings indicate a frequent co-occurrence of catatonia and dementia, highlighting treatability yet suggesting a potential for resistance to lorazepam, which varies by dementia diagnosis. Investigating the mechanisms underlying this resistance and the variability in treatment response is crucial for developing more precise therapeutic strategies.},
author = {Ramognino, Vanina and Fovet, Thomas and Horn, Mathilde and Lebouvier, Thibaud and Amad, Ali},
doi = {10.1016/j.ajp.2024.104033},
issn = {1876-2026 (Electronic)},
journal = {Asian journal of psychiatry},
language = {eng},
month = {mar},
pages = {104033},
pmid = {38564875},
title = {{Catatonia in patients with dementia: A descriptive study of clinical profiles and  treatment response.}},
volume = {96},
year = {2024}
}

BACKGROUND: Catatonia is a highly prevalent syndrome in patients presenting with major neurocognitive disorders (dementia). In this study, we aim to provide a comprehensive description of the clinical and therapeutic aspects of catatonia in patients with dementia. METHOD: This descriptive study, conducted between September 2015 and June 2022, collected data from 25 patients diagnosed with dementia, out of 143 patients treated for catatonia in our specialized psychiatry department. We collected sociodemographic, clinical and treatment data for each patient. RESULTS: Dementia patients constituted 17% of the catatonic cases. Predominantly female, the cohort had a mean age of 65. Diagnoses included Alzheimer's (4 patients, 17%) and Parkinson's (1 patient, 4%) diseases, Lewy body dementia (5 patients, 21%), vascular dementia (4 patients, 17%) and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (10 patients, 41%). The mean Bush-Francis Catatonia Rating Scale score upon admission was 20/69. Overall, complete remission of catatonia was achieved in 75% of patients (n=18), with only 13% (n=3) responding to lorazepam alone, while others required additional interventions such as electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) and/or amantadine. Vascular dementia was predominantly observed in cases resistant to treatment. CONCLUSION: The findings indicate a frequent co-occurrence of catatonia and dementia, highlighting treatability yet suggesting a potential for resistance to lorazepam, which varies by dementia diagnosis. Investigating the mechanisms underlying this resistance and the variability in treatment response is crucial for developing more precise therapeutic strategies.

@article{Rogers2024,
abstract = {Encephalitis lethargica, an epidemic neurological illness, typically involved a  severe sleep disorder and progressive parkinsonism. A century later, our understanding relies on seminal descriptions, more recent historical research and the study of small numbers of possible sporadic cases. Theories around infection, environmental toxins, catatonia and autoimmune encephalitis have been proposed. We aimed to describe the presentation of encephalitis lethargica and test these diagnostic and aetiological theories. Subjects with encephalitis lethargica were identified in the archives of the National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, UK between 1918 and 1946. Case notes were examined to establish illness temporality, clinical features and cerebrospinal fluid results. Controls from the archives were identified for 10% of cases, matching on discharge year, sex and neurologist. Clinical presentation was compared to modern diagnostic criteria for encephalitis lethargica, catatonia and autoimmune encephalitis. In a case-control design, a multilevel logistic regression was conducted to ascertain whether cases of encephalitis lethargica were associated with febrile illnesses and with environmental exposures. Six hundred and fourteen cases of encephalitis lethargica and 65 controls were identified. Cases had a median age of 29 years (interquartile range 18) and a median time since symptomatic onset of 3.00 years (interquartile range 3.52). Motor features were present in 97.6%, cranial nerve findings in 91.0%, ophthalmological features in 77.4%, sleep disorders in 66.1%, gastrointestinal or nutritional features in 62.1%, speech disorders in 60.8% and psychiatric features in 53.9%. Of the 167 cases who underwent lumbar puncture, 20 (12.0%) had a pleocytosis. The Howard and Lees criteria for encephalitis lethargica had a sensitivity of 28.5% and specificity of 96.9%. Among the cases, 195 (31.8%, 95% confidence interval 28.1-35.6%) had a history of febrile illness within one calendar year prior to illness onset, which was more common than among the controls (odds ratio 2.70, 95% confidence interval 1.02-7.20, P = 0.05), but there was substantial reporting bias. There was no evidence that occupational exposure to solvents or heavy metals was associated with encephalitis lethargica. Two hundred and seventy-six (45.0%) of the cases might meet criteria for possible autoimmune encephalitis, but only 3 (0.5%) might meet criteria for probable NMDA receptor encephalitis. Only 11 cases (1.8%) met criteria for catatonia. Encephalitis lethargica has a distinct identity as a neuropsychiatric condition with a wide range of clinical features. Evidence for a relationship with infectious or occupational exposures was weak. Autoimmune encephalitis may be an explanation, but typical cases were inconsistent with NMDA receptor encephalitis.},
author = {Rogers, Jonathan P and Mastellari, Tomas and Berry, Alex J and Kumar, Kieron and Burchill, Ella and David, Anthony S and Lewis, Glyn and Lees, Andrew and Zandi, Michael S},
doi = {10.1093/braincomms/fcae347},
issn = {2632-1297 (Electronic)},
journal = {Brain communications},
language = {eng},
number = {5},
pages = {fcae347},
pmid = {39440299},
title = {{Encephalitis lethargica: clinical features and aetiology.}},
volume = {6},
year = {2024}
}

Encephalitis lethargica, an epidemic neurological illness, typically involved a severe sleep disorder and progressive parkinsonism. A century later, our understanding relies on seminal descriptions, more recent historical research and the study of small numbers of possible sporadic cases. Theories around infection, environmental toxins, catatonia and autoimmune encephalitis have been proposed. We aimed to describe the presentation of encephalitis lethargica and test these diagnostic and aetiological theories. Subjects with encephalitis lethargica were identified in the archives of the National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, UK between 1918 and 1946. Case notes were examined to establish illness temporality, clinical features and cerebrospinal fluid results. Controls from the archives were identified for 10% of cases, matching on discharge year, sex and neurologist. Clinical presentation was compared to modern diagnostic criteria for encephalitis lethargica, catatonia and autoimmune encephalitis. In a case-control design, a multilevel logistic regression was conducted to ascertain whether cases of encephalitis lethargica were associated with febrile illnesses and with environmental exposures. Six hundred and fourteen cases of encephalitis lethargica and 65 controls were identified. Cases had a median age of 29 years (interquartile range 18) and a median time since symptomatic onset of 3.00 years (interquartile range 3.52). Motor features were present in 97.6%, cranial nerve findings in 91.0%, ophthalmological features in 77.4%, sleep disorders in 66.1%, gastrointestinal or nutritional features in 62.1%, speech disorders in 60.8% and psychiatric features in 53.9%. Of the 167 cases who underwent lumbar puncture, 20 (12.0%) had a pleocytosis. The Howard and Lees criteria for encephalitis lethargica had a sensitivity of 28.5% and specificity of 96.9%. Among the cases, 195 (31.8%, 95% confidence interval 28.1-35.6%) had a history of febrile illness within one calendar year prior to illness onset, which was more common than among the controls (odds ratio 2.70, 95% confidence interval 1.02-7.20, P = 0.05), but there was substantial reporting bias. There was no evidence that occupational exposure to solvents or heavy metals was associated with encephalitis lethargica. Two hundred and seventy-six (45.0%) of the cases might meet criteria for possible autoimmune encephalitis, but only 3 (0.5%) might meet criteria for probable NMDA receptor encephalitis. Only 11 cases (1.8%) met criteria for catatonia. Encephalitis lethargica has a distinct identity as a neuropsychiatric condition with a wide range of clinical features. Evidence for a relationship with infectious or occupational exposures was weak. Autoimmune encephalitis may be an explanation, but typical cases were inconsistent with NMDA receptor encephalitis.

@article{Sabe2024,
abstract = {We conducted a scientometric analysis to outline clinical research on posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Our primary objective was to perform a broad-ranging scientometric analysis to evaluate key themes and trends over the past decades. Our secondary objective was to measure research network performance. We conducted a systematic search in the Web of Science Core Collection up to 15 August 2022 for publications on PTSD. We identified 42,170 publications published between 1945 and 2022. We used CiteSpace to retrieve the co-cited reference network (1978-2022) that presented significant modularity and mean silhouette scores, indicating highly credible clusters (Q = 0.915, S = 0.795). Four major trends of research were identified: 'war veterans and refugees', 'treatment of PTSD/neuroimaging', 'evidence syntheses', and 'somatic symptoms of PTSD'. The largest cluster of research concerned evidence synthesis for genetic predisposition and environmental exposures leading to PTSD occurrence. Research on war-related trauma has shifted from battlefield-related in-person exposure trauma to drone operator trauma and is being out published by civilian-related trauma research, such as the 'COVID-19' pandemic impact, 'postpartum', and 'grief disorder'. The focus on the most recent trends in the research revealed a burst in the 'treatment of PTSD' with the development of Mhealth, virtual reality, and psychedelic drugs. The collaboration networks reveal a central place for the USA research network, and although relatively isolated, a recent surge of publications from China was found. Compared to other psychiatric disorders, we found a lack of high-quality randomized controlled trials for pharmacological and nonpharmacological treatments. These results can inform funding agencies and future research.},
author = {Sab{\'{e}}, Michel and Chen, Chaomei and El-Hage, Wissam and Leroy, Arnaud and Vaiva, Guillaume and Monari, Silvia and Premand, Natacha and Bartolomei, Javier and Caiolo, Stefano and Maercker, Andreas and Pietrzak, Robert H. and Clo{\^{i}}tre, Maryl{\`{e}}ne and Kaiser, Stefan and Solmi, Marco},
doi = {10.2174/1570159x22666230927143106},
issn = {1570159X},
journal = {Current Neuropharmacology},
keywords = {Genetic Predisposition to Disease,Humans,Post-Traumatic,Stress Disorders,drug therapy},
language = {eng},
month = {sep},
number = {4},
pages = {736--748},
pmid = {37888890},
title = {{Half a Century of Research on Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Scientometric Analysis}},
volume = {22},
year = {2024}
}

We conducted a scientometric analysis to outline clinical research on posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Our primary objective was to perform a broad-ranging scientometric analysis to evaluate key themes and trends over the past decades. Our secondary objective was to measure research network performance. We conducted a systematic search in the Web of Science Core Collection up to 15 August 2022 for publications on PTSD. We identified 42,170 publications published between 1945 and 2022. We used CiteSpace to retrieve the co-cited reference network (1978-2022) that presented significant modularity and mean silhouette scores, indicating highly credible clusters (Q = 0.915, S = 0.795). Four major trends of research were identified: 'war veterans and refugees', 'treatment of PTSD/neuroimaging', 'evidence syntheses', and 'somatic symptoms of PTSD'. The largest cluster of research concerned evidence synthesis for genetic predisposition and environmental exposures leading to PTSD occurrence. Research on war-related trauma has shifted from battlefield-related in-person exposure trauma to drone operator trauma and is being out published by civilian-related trauma research, such as the 'COVID-19' pandemic impact, 'postpartum', and 'grief disorder'. The focus on the most recent trends in the research revealed a burst in the 'treatment of PTSD' with the development of Mhealth, virtual reality, and psychedelic drugs. The collaboration networks reveal a central place for the USA research network, and although relatively isolated, a recent surge of publications from China was found. Compared to other psychiatric disorders, we found a lack of high-quality randomized controlled trials for pharmacological and nonpharmacological treatments. These results can inform funding agencies and future research.

@article{Saint-Dizier2024,
abstract = {Adverse drug reaction are defined as "harmful or unpleasant reaction, resulting  from an intervention related to the use of a medicinal product". In France, adverse effects due to medicines are reported to the French National Agency of Medicines (ANSM) by the healthcare professionals or consumers. The objective of this study was to implement a tool that facilitates the utilization of ANSM reports by synthesizing information to effectively inform prescribers and users. We focused on 3 psychotropic classes: antidepressants, antipsychotics and anxiolytics. We extracted relevant data from the ANSM website through a webscraping process, based on the names of molecules in these 3 classes: antidepressants, antipsychotics, and anxiolytics. We implemented a web interface with R Shiny that provides three panels: (i) a presentation of the active ingredient with the fewest reports for a selected adverse effect category, (ii) the adverse reactions for a selected active ingredient ranked in descending order, and (iii) a comparison of two active ingredients where, for each adverse effect, the active ingredient with the fewest reported adverse drug events (ADEs) is displayed. Our application allows for synthesizing information to effectively inform prescribers and users. In the ANSM existing interface, molecules can only be viewed one by one, and the ratio needs to be calculated manually, making it difficult to compare molecules. It is important to note that this is not a prescription assistance device but rather for informational purposes. In the future, the application may be expanded to include other categories of molecules. Finally, the indicators provided by our tool could be compared to those from other pharmacovigilance databases.},
author = {Saint-Dizier, Chlo{\'{e}} and Dufrenois, Florian and David, Emeric and Bubrovszky, Maxime and Lamer, Antoine},
doi = {10.3233/SHTI240632},
issn = {1879-8365 (Electronic)},
journal = {Studies in health technology and informatics},
keywords = {Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems,Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions,France,Humans,Patient Safety,Pharmacovigilance},
language = {eng},
month = {aug},
pages = {1226--1230},
pmid = {39176602},
title = {{Reuse of Adverse Effect Reports from the French National Agency of Medicines: A  Visual Analytic Tool to Improve Patient Safety.}},
volume = {316},
year = {2024}
}

Adverse drug reaction are defined as "harmful or unpleasant reaction, resulting from an intervention related to the use of a medicinal product". In France, adverse effects due to medicines are reported to the French National Agency of Medicines (ANSM) by the healthcare professionals or consumers. The objective of this study was to implement a tool that facilitates the utilization of ANSM reports by synthesizing information to effectively inform prescribers and users. We focused on 3 psychotropic classes: antidepressants, antipsychotics and anxiolytics. We extracted relevant data from the ANSM website through a webscraping process, based on the names of molecules in these 3 classes: antidepressants, antipsychotics, and anxiolytics. We implemented a web interface with R Shiny that provides three panels: (i) a presentation of the active ingredient with the fewest reports for a selected adverse effect category, (ii) the adverse reactions for a selected active ingredient ranked in descending order, and (iii) a comparison of two active ingredients where, for each adverse effect, the active ingredient with the fewest reported adverse drug events (ADEs) is displayed. Our application allows for synthesizing information to effectively inform prescribers and users. In the ANSM existing interface, molecules can only be viewed one by one, and the ratio needs to be calculated manually, making it difficult to compare molecules. It is important to note that this is not a prescription assistance device but rather for informational purposes. In the future, the application may be expanded to include other categories of molecules. Finally, the indicators provided by our tool could be compared to those from other pharmacovigilance databases.

@article{Salles2024,
abstract = {Introduction: Suicide is a major health issue. Its prevalence is particularly high in subjects presenting major depression disorder (MDD), making this a key suicide-related risk factor. Suicide attempts in severe forms of MDD were assumed to be linked to impulsivity and loss of control. Nevertheless, we failed to find data specifically investigating the link between impulsivity and suicide risk in treatment-resistant depression (TRD). This study seeks to review this relationship. Method: Patients were recruited for a prospective cohort. Suicide risk and impulsivity were assessed using the International Neuropsychiatric Interview and Barratt Impulsiveness Scale, Version 10, respectively, while the severity of depressive symptoms was assessed using the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale, anxiety with the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and childhood maltreatment using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire. Results: 220 TRD patients were enrolled in the study. The impulsivity score was correlated with self-esteem, marital status, professional status and anxiety. There was no direct link to suicide risk. However, impulsivity was associated with self-esteem (coefficient: −0.24; p value 0.043) and depressive symptom severity (coefficient: 0.; p value 0.045). The suicide risk was significantly correlated with depressive symptom severity (coefficient = 0.38, p < 0.001) and self-esteem (coefficient = −0.34, p = 0.01). Considering these correlations, we postulated that the effect of impulsivity on suicide risk could be mediated by self-esteem in terms of depressive symptom severity and we finally found a relevant mediation model within impulsivity having an indirect effect on suicide risk by impacting self-esteem and depressive symptoms with anxiety also playing a significant role as a covariable. Conclusion: We found that impulsivity could play an indirect role with the involvement of self-esteem and depressive symptoms and the contributing role of anxiety.},
author = {Salles, Juliette and Stephan, Florian and Moli{\`{e}}re, Fanny and Bennabi, Djamila and Haffen, Emmanuel and Bouvard, Alexandra and Walter, Michel and Allauze, Etienne and Llorca, Pierre Michel and Genty, Jean Baptiste and Leboyer, Marion and Holtzmann, J{\'{e}}r{\^{o}}me and Nguon, Anne Sophie and D'Amato, Thierry and Rey, Romain and Horn, Mathilde and Vaiva, Guillaume and Fond, Guillaume and Richieri, Raphaelle and Hennion, Vincent and Etain, Bruno and El-Hage, Wissam and Camus, Vincent and Courtet, Philippe and Aouizerate, Bruno and Yrondi, Antoine},
doi = {10.1016/j.jad.2023.11.063},
institution = {FondaMental Advanced Centers of Expertise in Resistant Depression (FACE-DR) collaborators},
issn = {15732517},
journal = {Journal of Affective Disorders},
keywords = {Anxiety,Depressive disorders,Impulsivity,Self-esteem,Suicide risk,Treatment-resistant depression},
language = {eng},
month = {feb},
pages = {306--313},
pmid = {37992775},
title = {{Indirect effect of impulsivity on suicide risk through self-esteem and depressive symptoms in a population with treatment-resistant depression: A FACE-DR study}},
volume = {347},
year = {2024}
}

Introduction: Suicide is a major health issue. Its prevalence is particularly high in subjects presenting major depression disorder (MDD), making this a key suicide-related risk factor. Suicide attempts in severe forms of MDD were assumed to be linked to impulsivity and loss of control. Nevertheless, we failed to find data specifically investigating the link between impulsivity and suicide risk in treatment-resistant depression (TRD). This study seeks to review this relationship. Method: Patients were recruited for a prospective cohort. Suicide risk and impulsivity were assessed using the International Neuropsychiatric Interview and Barratt Impulsiveness Scale, Version 10, respectively, while the severity of depressive symptoms was assessed using the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale, anxiety with the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and childhood maltreatment using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire. Results: 220 TRD patients were enrolled in the study. The impulsivity score was correlated with self-esteem, marital status, professional status and anxiety. There was no direct link to suicide risk. However, impulsivity was associated with self-esteem (coefficient: −0.24; p value 0.043) and depressive symptom severity (coefficient: 0.; p value 0.045). The suicide risk was significantly correlated with depressive symptom severity (coefficient = 0.38, p < 0.001) and self-esteem (coefficient = −0.34, p = 0.01). Considering these correlations, we postulated that the effect of impulsivity on suicide risk could be mediated by self-esteem in terms of depressive symptom severity and we finally found a relevant mediation model within impulsivity having an indirect effect on suicide risk by impacting self-esteem and depressive symptoms with anxiety also playing a significant role as a covariable. Conclusion: We found that impulsivity could play an indirect role with the involvement of self-esteem and depressive symptoms and the contributing role of anxiety.

@article{Segar2024,
abstract = {BACKGROUND: With 11,558 deaths and 200,000 suicide attempts in 2019, France is  among the European countries most affected. The aim of this study was to determine the costs and burden of suicides and suicide attempts in France (population 67 million). METHODS: We estimated direct costs, comprising healthcare, as well as post-mortem costs including autopsy, body removal, funeral expenses, police intervention and support groups; indirect costs comprised lost productivity, daily allowances; the burden of disease calculations used a monetary value for death and disability based on incidence data. Data was obtained from the national statistics, health and social care database, registries, global burden of disease, supplemented by expert opinion. We combined top down and bottom up approaches. RESULTS: The total costs and burden of suicides and suicide attempts was estimated at €18.5 billion and €5.4 billion, respectively. Direct costs were €566 million and €75 million; indirect costs were €3.8 billion and €3.5 billion; monetary value for death and disability was €14.6 billion and €1.3. The monetary value for death and disability represented 79.1% and 24.8% of total costs for suicide and suicide attempt respectively. Some costs were based upon expert opinion, caregivers' burden was not counted and pre COVID data only is reported. CONCLUSIONS: In France, the total cost and burden of suicides and suicide attempts was several billion €, suggesting major potential savings from public health interventions.},
author = {Segar, Laeticia Blampain and Laidi, Charles and Godin, Oph{\'{e}}lia and Courtet, Philippe and Vaiva, Guillaume and Leboyer, Marion and Durand-Zaleski, Isabelle},
doi = {10.1186/s12888-024-05632-3},
issn = {1471-244X (Electronic)},
journal = {BMC psychiatry},
keywords = {Cost of Illness,Europe,France,Health Care Costs,Humans,Suicide, Attempted,epidemiology},
language = {eng},
month = {mar},
number = {1},
pages = {215},
pmid = {38504185},
title = {{The cost of illness and burden of suicide and suicide attempts in France.}},
volume = {24},
year = {2024}
}

BACKGROUND: With 11,558 deaths and 200,000 suicide attempts in 2019, France is among the European countries most affected. The aim of this study was to determine the costs and burden of suicides and suicide attempts in France (population 67 million). METHODS: We estimated direct costs, comprising healthcare, as well as post-mortem costs including autopsy, body removal, funeral expenses, police intervention and support groups; indirect costs comprised lost productivity, daily allowances; the burden of disease calculations used a monetary value for death and disability based on incidence data. Data was obtained from the national statistics, health and social care database, registries, global burden of disease, supplemented by expert opinion. We combined top down and bottom up approaches. RESULTS: The total costs and burden of suicides and suicide attempts was estimated at €18.5 billion and €5.4 billion, respectively. Direct costs were €566 million and €75 million; indirect costs were €3.8 billion and €3.5 billion; monetary value for death and disability was €14.6 billion and €1.3. The monetary value for death and disability represented 79.1% and 24.8% of total costs for suicide and suicide attempt respectively. Some costs were based upon expert opinion, caregivers' burden was not counted and pre COVID data only is reported. CONCLUSIONS: In France, the total cost and burden of suicides and suicide attempts was several billion €, suggesting major potential savings from public health interventions.

@article{Series2024,
abstract = {Recently, a number of predictive coding models have been proposed to account for  post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)'s symptomatology, including intrusions, flashbacks and hallucinations. These models were usually developed to account for traditional/type-1 PTSD. We here discuss whether these models also apply or can be translated to the case of complex/type-2 PTSD and childhood trauma (cPTSD). The distinction between PTSD and cPTSD is important because the disorders differ in terms of symptomatology and potential mechanisms, how they relate to developmental stages, but also in terms of illness trajectory and treatment. Models of complex trauma could give us insights on hallucinations in physiological/pathological conditions or more generally on the development of intrusive experiences across diagnostic classes.},
author = {Seri{\`{e}}s, Peggy and Veerapa, Emilie and Jardri, Renaud},
doi = {10.1016/j.schres.2023.05.003},
issn = {1573-2509 (Electronic)},
journal = {Schizophrenia research},
keywords = {Adverse Childhood Experiences,Computer Simulation,Hallucinations,Humans,International Classification of Diseases,Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic,etiology},
language = {eng},
month = {mar},
pages = {66--73},
pmid = {37268452},
title = {{Can computational models help elucidate the link between complex trauma and  hallucinations?}},
volume = {265},
year = {2024}
}

Recently, a number of predictive coding models have been proposed to account for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)'s symptomatology, including intrusions, flashbacks and hallucinations. These models were usually developed to account for traditional/type-1 PTSD. We here discuss whether these models also apply or can be translated to the case of complex/type-2 PTSD and childhood trauma (cPTSD). The distinction between PTSD and cPTSD is important because the disorders differ in terms of symptomatology and potential mechanisms, how they relate to developmental stages, but also in terms of illness trajectory and treatment. Models of complex trauma could give us insights on hallucinations in physiological/pathological conditions or more generally on the development of intrusive experiences across diagnostic classes.

@article{Thomas2024,
abstract = {The misuse of benzodiazepines and opioid medications is frequent in students. To  improve our understanding of this behavior, we aimed to identify factors associated with separate and concomitant use of these substances. Anonymous self-reported questionnaires were e-mailed to students enrolled at a French university between March and July 2021, covering: sociodemographic characteristics, academics, psychoactive substance use, ADHD symptomatology (adulthood and childhood), and psychiatric/psychological or addiction follow-up. Factors associated with the use of benzodiazepines and opioid medications included female sex (OR = 1.41 [1.08; 1.86]) and OR = 1.38 [1.06; 1.79], respectively), older age (OR = 1.65 [1.04; 2.6] and OR = 2.17 [1.4; 3.36], respectively), current psychiatric/psychological follow-up (OR = 6.53 [5.18; 8.24] and OR= 1.5 [1.12; 2.0], respectively), ADHD symptomatology (OR= 2.33 [1.71;3.16] and OR= 1.61 [1.15; 2.24], respectively), polyconsumption (tobacco use for benzodiazepine users, OR = 1.38 [1.04; 1.82]; alcohol use OR = 1.67 [1.17; 2.39] and tobacco use OR = 1.62 [1.23; 2.14] for opioid users). These factors were even more strongly associated with the concomitant use of benzodiazepines and opioid medications: older age (OR = 3.64 [2.22; 5.99]), female sex (OR = 1.54 [1.1; 2.14]), grade repetition (OR = 1.7 [1.14; 2.54]), psychiatric/psychological follow-up (OR = 4.51 [3.35;6.06]), ADHD symptomatology (OR = 5.3 [3.69; 7.63]), polyconsumption (tobacco use OR = 2.05 [1.39; 3] and cannabis use, OR = 2.07 [1.97; 4.16]. The factors associated with the use of benzodiazepines and prescription opioids identified in this study could lead to the development of targeted prevention methods.},
author = {Thomas, Charlotte and Dondaine, Thibaut and Caron, Cl{\'{e}}ment and Bastien, Axel and Ch{\'{e}}rot, Nathalie and Deheul, Sylvie and Gautier, Sophie and Cottencin, Olivier and Moreau-Cr{\'{e}}peaux, Sophie and Bordet, R{\'{e}}gis and Carton, Louise},
doi = {10.1038/s41598-024-63037-4},
issn = {2045-2322 (Electronic)},
journal = {Scientific reports},
keywords = {Adolescent,Adult,Analgesics, Opioid,Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity,Benzodiazepines,Cross-Sectional Studies,Female,France,Humans,Male,Prescription Drug Misuse,Prescription Drugs,Students,Substance-Related Disorders,Surveys and Questionnaires,Young Adult,adverse effects,epidemiology,psychology,statistics & numerical data,therapeutic use},
language = {eng},
month = {jun},
number = {1},
pages = {13040},
pmid = {38844771},
title = {{Factors associated with the use of benzodiazepine and opioid prescription drug in  the student population: a cross-sectional study.}},
volume = {14},
year = {2024}
}

The misuse of benzodiazepines and opioid medications is frequent in students. To improve our understanding of this behavior, we aimed to identify factors associated with separate and concomitant use of these substances. Anonymous self-reported questionnaires were e-mailed to students enrolled at a French university between March and July 2021, covering: sociodemographic characteristics, academics, psychoactive substance use, ADHD symptomatology (adulthood and childhood), and psychiatric/psychological or addiction follow-up. Factors associated with the use of benzodiazepines and opioid medications included female sex (OR = 1.41 [1.08; 1.86]) and OR = 1.38 [1.06; 1.79], respectively), older age (OR = 1.65 [1.04; 2.6] and OR = 2.17 [1.4; 3.36], respectively), current psychiatric/psychological follow-up (OR = 6.53 [5.18; 8.24] and OR= 1.5 [1.12; 2.0], respectively), ADHD symptomatology (OR= 2.33 [1.71;3.16] and OR= 1.61 [1.15; 2.24], respectively), polyconsumption (tobacco use for benzodiazepine users, OR = 1.38 [1.04; 1.82]; alcohol use OR = 1.67 [1.17; 2.39] and tobacco use OR = 1.62 [1.23; 2.14] for opioid users). These factors were even more strongly associated with the concomitant use of benzodiazepines and opioid medications: older age (OR = 3.64 [2.22; 5.99]), female sex (OR = 1.54 [1.1; 2.14]), grade repetition (OR = 1.7 [1.14; 2.54]), psychiatric/psychological follow-up (OR = 4.51 [3.35;6.06]), ADHD symptomatology (OR = 5.3 [3.69; 7.63]), polyconsumption (tobacco use OR = 2.05 [1.39; 3] and cannabis use, OR = 2.07 [1.97; 4.16]. The factors associated with the use of benzodiazepines and prescription opioids identified in this study could lead to the development of targeted prevention methods.

@article{Ulugut2024,
abstract = {INTRODUCTION: Although frontotemporal dementia (FTD) with right anterior temporal  lobe (RATL) predominance has been recognized, a uniform description of the syndrome is still missing. This multicenter study aims to establish a cohesive clinical phenotype. METHODS: Retrospective clinical data from 18 centers across 12 countries yielded 360 FTD patients with predominant RATL atrophy through initial neuroimaging assessments. RESULTS: Common symptoms included mental rigidity/preoccupations (78%), disinhibition/socially inappropriate behavior (74%), naming/word-finding difficulties (70%), memory deficits (67%), apathy (65%), loss of empathy (65%), and face-recognition deficits (60%). Real-life examples unveiled impairments regarding landmarks, smells, sounds, tastes, and bodily sensations (74%). Cognitive test scores indicated deficits in emotion, people, social interactions, and visual semantics however, lacked objective assessments for mental rigidity and preoccupations. DISCUSSION: This study cumulates the largest RATL cohort unveiling unique RATL symptoms subdued in prior diagnostic guidelines. Our novel approach, combining real-life examples with cognitive tests, offers clinicians a comprehensive toolkit for managing these patients. HIGHLIGHTS: This project is the first international collaboration and largest reported cohort. Further efforts are warranted for precise nomenclature reflecting neural mechanisms. Our results will serve as a clinical guideline for early and accurate diagnoses.},
author = {Ulugut, Hulya and Bertoux, Maxime and Younes, Kyan and Montembeault, Maxime and Fumagalli, Giorgio G and Samanci, Bedia and Ill{\'{a}}n-Gala, Ignacio and Kuchcinski, Gregory and Leroy, Melanie and Thompson, Jennifer C and Kobylecki, Christopher and Santillo, Alexander F and Englund, Elisabet and Wald{\"{o}}, Maria Landqvist and Riedl, Lina and {Van den Stock}, Jan and Vandenbulcke, Mathieu and Vandenberghe, Rik and Laforce, Robert Jr and Ducharme, Simon and Pressman, Peter S and Caramelli, Paulo and de Souza, Leonardo Cruz and Takada, Leonel T and Gurvit, Hakan and Hansson, Oskar and Diehl-Schmid, Janine and Galimberti, Daniela and Pasquier, Florence and Miller, Bruce L and Scheltens, Philip and Ossenkoppele, Rik and van der Flier, Wiesje M and Barkhof, Frederik and Fox, Nick C and Sturm, Virginia E and Miyagawa, Toji and Whitwell, Jennifer L and Boeve, Bradley and Rohrer, Jonathan D and Gorno-Tempini, Maria Luisa and Josephs, Keith A and Snowden, Julie and Warren, Jason D and Rankin, Katherine P and Pijnenburg, Yolande A L},
doi = {10.1002/alz.14076},
institution = {International rtvFTD Working Group},
issn = {1552-5279 (Electronic)},
journal = {Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association},
keywords = {Aged,Atrophy,Female,Frontotemporal Dementia,Humans,Male,Middle Aged,Neuropsychological Tests,Retrospective Studies,Temporal Lobe,diagnosis,diagnostic imaging,pathology,statistics & numerical data},
language = {eng},
month = {aug},
number = {8},
pages = {5647--5661},
pmid = {38982845},
title = {{Clinical recognition of frontotemporal dementia with right anterior temporal  predominance: A multicenter retrospective cohort study.}},
volume = {20},
year = {2024}
}

INTRODUCTION: Although frontotemporal dementia (FTD) with right anterior temporal lobe (RATL) predominance has been recognized, a uniform description of the syndrome is still missing. This multicenter study aims to establish a cohesive clinical phenotype. METHODS: Retrospective clinical data from 18 centers across 12 countries yielded 360 FTD patients with predominant RATL atrophy through initial neuroimaging assessments. RESULTS: Common symptoms included mental rigidity/preoccupations (78%), disinhibition/socially inappropriate behavior (74%), naming/word-finding difficulties (70%), memory deficits (67%), apathy (65%), loss of empathy (65%), and face-recognition deficits (60%). Real-life examples unveiled impairments regarding landmarks, smells, sounds, tastes, and bodily sensations (74%). Cognitive test scores indicated deficits in emotion, people, social interactions, and visual semantics however, lacked objective assessments for mental rigidity and preoccupations. DISCUSSION: This study cumulates the largest RATL cohort unveiling unique RATL symptoms subdued in prior diagnostic guidelines. Our novel approach, combining real-life examples with cognitive tests, offers clinicians a comprehensive toolkit for managing these patients. HIGHLIGHTS: This project is the first international collaboration and largest reported cohort. Further efforts are warranted for precise nomenclature reflecting neural mechanisms. Our results will serve as a clinical guideline for early and accurate diagnoses.

@article{Vanhaesebrouck2024,
abstract = {PURPOSE: Suicide is a leading cause of death in prison and the suicide rates are  several times higher in the prison population than in the general population in most countries. Of the studies that have investigated risk factors for suicide in prison, few have controlled for possible confounding factors. The aim of this study is to identify risk factors of suicide among people in French prisons, over a four-year period. METHODS: All incarcerations that occurred in France during 2017-2020 were eligible. Sociodemographic, criminal and prison characteristics were collected for each incarceration from data of the National Prison Service. Survival univariate and multivariate analyses were performed with a Cox regression model. RESULTS: 358,522 incarcerations were included, of which 449 ended in suicide during the follow-up. The median length of prison stay was 5.1 months. The median age at prison entry was 30 years and 95.8% of incarcerations involved men. The overall suicide rate was 173 [157-189] per 100,000 person-years. Factors associated with suicide in the multivariate model (p < 0.05) were the early stage of incarceration and in particular the first week (HR = 7.6 [5.4-10.8]), violent offences and in particular homicide (HR = 3.0 [2.1-4.2]), French (HR = 1.7 [1.2-2.4]) and other European nationalities (HR = 2.1 [1.4-3.3]), age above 40 (HR = 2.0 [1.5-2.6]), pre-trial incarceration (HR = 1.8 [1.4-2.3]), being separated (HR = 1.6 [1.1-2.3] and having a high school diploma (HR = 1.4 [1.0-1.8]). CONCLUSIONS: Factors associated with suicide in prison are complex and involve individuals' criminal history as well as conditions of incarceration. These characteristics may be relevant to focus suicide prevention efforts.},
author = {Vanhaesebrouck, Alexis and Fovet, Thomas and Melchior, Maria and Lefevre, Thomas},
doi = {10.1007/s00127-024-02661-x},
issn = {1433-9285 (Electronic)},
journal = {Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology},
language = {eng},
month = {apr},
pmid = {38592476},
title = {{Risk factors of suicide in prisons: a comprehensive retrospective cohort study in  France, 2017-2020.}},
year = {2024}
}

PURPOSE: Suicide is a leading cause of death in prison and the suicide rates are several times higher in the prison population than in the general population in most countries. Of the studies that have investigated risk factors for suicide in prison, few have controlled for possible confounding factors. The aim of this study is to identify risk factors of suicide among people in French prisons, over a four-year period. METHODS: All incarcerations that occurred in France during 2017-2020 were eligible. Sociodemographic, criminal and prison characteristics were collected for each incarceration from data of the National Prison Service. Survival univariate and multivariate analyses were performed with a Cox regression model. RESULTS: 358,522 incarcerations were included, of which 449 ended in suicide during the follow-up. The median length of prison stay was 5.1 months. The median age at prison entry was 30 years and 95.8% of incarcerations involved men. The overall suicide rate was 173 [157-189] per 100,000 person-years. Factors associated with suicide in the multivariate model (p < 0.05) were the early stage of incarceration and in particular the first week (HR = 7.6 [5.4-10.8]), violent offences and in particular homicide (HR = 3.0 [2.1-4.2]), French (HR = 1.7 [1.2-2.4]) and other European nationalities (HR = 2.1 [1.4-3.3]), age above 40 (HR = 2.0 [1.5-2.6]), pre-trial incarceration (HR = 1.8 [1.4-2.3]), being separated (HR = 1.6 [1.1-2.3] and having a high school diploma (HR = 1.4 [1.0-1.8]). CONCLUSIONS: Factors associated with suicide in prison are complex and involve individuals' criminal history as well as conditions of incarceration. These characteristics may be relevant to focus suicide prevention efforts.

@article{Vanhaesebrouck2024a,
abstract = {INTRODUCTION: Suicide rates are higher in prison than in the general population  in most countries. The proximity of some suicides to prison events has only received little attention in comparative studies. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between suicide and four prison events: conviction, disciplinary solitary confinement, nondisciplinary solitary confinement and inter-prison transfer, in a national retrospective cohort study of people in prison. METHODS: All incarcerations in France that occurred during 2017-2020 were eligible. Data were collected from an administrative database of the National Prison Service. Survival bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed with a Cox regression model. RESULTS: Of 358,522 incarcerations were included, among which 469,348 events and 449 suicides occurred. In multivariate analysis, suicide risk was higher the first day of disciplinary solitary confinement (HR = 42.1 [21.5-82.7] and HR = 119.0 [71.5-197.9], before and after a government decree on the disciplinary system, respectively. It was higher within 2 weeks after a transfer (HR = 3.5 [2.3-5.2])) or entry in nondisciplinary solitary confinement (HR = 6.7 [3.4-13.3]) and lower within 2 weeks after a conviction (HR = 0.6 [0.4-1.0]). CONCLUSION: Solitary confinement and transfer were found to be precipitating factors of suicide in people who are incarcerated. These results offer interesting perspectives on prevention.},
author = {Vanhaesebrouck, Alexis and Fovet, Thomas and Melchior, Maria and Lefevre, Thomas},
doi = {10.1111/sltb.13064},
issn = {1943-278X (Electronic)},
journal = {Suicide & life-threatening behavior},
language = {eng},
month = {feb},
pmid = {38357968},
title = {{Suicide following a conviction, solitary confinement, or transfer in people  incarcerated: A comprehensive retrospective cohort study in France, 2017-2020.}},
year = {2024}
}

INTRODUCTION: Suicide rates are higher in prison than in the general population in most countries. The proximity of some suicides to prison events has only received little attention in comparative studies. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between suicide and four prison events: conviction, disciplinary solitary confinement, nondisciplinary solitary confinement and inter-prison transfer, in a national retrospective cohort study of people in prison. METHODS: All incarcerations in France that occurred during 2017-2020 were eligible. Data were collected from an administrative database of the National Prison Service. Survival bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed with a Cox regression model. RESULTS: Of 358,522 incarcerations were included, among which 469,348 events and 449 suicides occurred. In multivariate analysis, suicide risk was higher the first day of disciplinary solitary confinement (HR = 42.1 [21.5-82.7] and HR = 119.0 [71.5-197.9], before and after a government decree on the disciplinary system, respectively. It was higher within 2 weeks after a transfer (HR = 3.5 [2.3-5.2])) or entry in nondisciplinary solitary confinement (HR = 6.7 [3.4-13.3]) and lower within 2 weeks after a conviction (HR = 0.6 [0.4-1.0]). CONCLUSION: Solitary confinement and transfer were found to be precipitating factors of suicide in people who are incarcerated. These results offer interesting perspectives on prevention.

@article{Wathelet2024,
abstract = {Objectives: The objective of this study was to develop and validate the Knowledge of Suicide Scale (KSS), elaborated to assess adherence to myths about suicide. Methods: The KSS is a self-questionnaire including 22 statements relating to myths about suicide for which the respondent is asked to rate his degree of adherence on a scale ranging from 0 (“strongly disagree”) to 10 (“completely agree”). Using the script concordance test scoring method, the respondents' scores were compared with those of experts to obtain, for each item, a score between 0 (maximum deviation with the experts) and 1 (minimum deviation with the experts). One thousand and thirty-five individuals (222 psychiatric interns, 332 medical interns in the first semester excluding psychiatry and 481 journalism students) were included. Results: According to the exploratory factor analysis, the KSS is a two-dimensional scale: the first subscale includes 15 items and the second seven items. The tool showed excellent face validity, correct convergent and divergent validities (multi-method multi-feature analyzes), and good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha coefficient between 0.66 and 0.83 for scales and subscales). The KSS is moderately and negatively correlated with the Stigma of Suicide Scale (r = –0.3). It significantly discriminates groups with different expected levels of knowledge regarding suicide (P < 0.001). Conclusions: The KSS demonstrated good psychometric properties to measure adherence to myths about suicide. This tool could be useful in assessing the effectiveness of suicide prevention literacy improvement programs.},
author = {Wathelet, Marielle and D{\'{e}}z{\'{e}}tr{\'{e}}e, Arnaud and Pauwels, Nathalie and Vaiva, Guillaume and S{\'{e}}guin, Monique and Thomas, Pierre and Grandgen{\`{e}}vre, Pierre and Notredame, Charles {\'{E}}douard},
doi = {10.1016/j.encep.2023.08.016},
issn = {00137006},
journal = {Encephale},
keywords = {Knowledges,Literacy,Psychometry,Scale,Suicide},
language = {eng},
month = {oct},
number = {5},
pages = {497--503},
pmid = {38040504},
title = {{Validation of a French questionnaire assessing knowledge of suicide}},
volume = {50},
year = {2024}
}

Objectives: The objective of this study was to develop and validate the Knowledge of Suicide Scale (KSS), elaborated to assess adherence to myths about suicide. Methods: The KSS is a self-questionnaire including 22 statements relating to myths about suicide for which the respondent is asked to rate his degree of adherence on a scale ranging from 0 (“strongly disagree”) to 10 (“completely agree”). Using the script concordance test scoring method, the respondents' scores were compared with those of experts to obtain, for each item, a score between 0 (maximum deviation with the experts) and 1 (minimum deviation with the experts). One thousand and thirty-five individuals (222 psychiatric interns, 332 medical interns in the first semester excluding psychiatry and 481 journalism students) were included. Results: According to the exploratory factor analysis, the KSS is a two-dimensional scale: the first subscale includes 15 items and the second seven items. The tool showed excellent face validity, correct convergent and divergent validities (multi-method multi-feature analyzes), and good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha coefficient between 0.66 and 0.83 for scales and subscales). The KSS is moderately and negatively correlated with the Stigma of Suicide Scale (r = –0.3). It significantly discriminates groups with different expected levels of knowledge regarding suicide (P < 0.001). Conclusions: The KSS demonstrated good psychometric properties to measure adherence to myths about suicide. This tool could be useful in assessing the effectiveness of suicide prevention literacy improvement programs.

@article{Yrondi2024,
abstract = {OBJECTIVES: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is one of the most effective  treatments in mood disorders, mainly in major depressive episode (MDE) in the context of either unipolar (MDD) or bipolar disorder (BD). However, ECT remains a neglected and underused treatment. Older people are at high risk patients for the development of adverse drug reactions. In this context, we sought to determine the duration of MDEs and the number of lines of treatment before the initiation of ECT in patients aged 65 years or over according to the presence or absence of first-line indications for using ECT from international guidelines. METHODS: In this multicenter, retrospective study including patients aged 65 years or over with MDEs in MDD or BD who have been treated with ECT for MDEs, data on the duration of MDEs and the number of lines of treatment received before ECT were collected. The reasons for using ECT, specifically first-line indications (suicidality, urgency, presence of catatonic and psychotic features, previous ECT response, patient preference) were recorded. Statistical comparisons between groups used standard statistical tests. RESULTS: We identified 335 patients. The mean duration of MDEs before ECT was about 9 months. It was significantly shorter in BD than in MDD- about 7 and 10 months, respectively. The co-occurrence of chronic medical disease increased the duration before ECT in the MDD group. The presence of first-line indications for using ECT from guidelines did not reduce the duration of MDEs before ECT, except where there was a previous response to ECT. The first-line indications reduced the number of lines of treatment before starting ECT. CONCLUSION: Even if ECT seems to be a key treatment in the elderly population due to its efficacity and safety for MDEs, the delay before this treatment is still too long.},
author = {Yrondi, Antoine and Blanc, Olivier and Anguill, Loic and Arbus, Christophe and Boudieu, Ludivine and Patoz, Marie-Camille and Arnould, Adeline and Charpeaud, Thomas and Genty, Jean-Baptiste and Abidine, Racan and Redon, Maximilien and Rey, Romain and Aouizerate, Bruno and Bennabi, Djamila and El-Hage, Wissam and Etain, Bruno and Holtzmann, J{\'{e}}r{\^{o}}me and Leboyer, Marion and Moli{\`{e}}re, Fanny and Richieri, Raphaelle Marie and St{\'{e}}phan, Florian and Vaiva, Guillaume and Sauvaget, Anne and Poulet, Emmanuel and Haffen, Emmanuel and Courtet, Philippe and Fossati, Philippe and Llorca, Pierre-Michel and Samalin, Ludovic},
doi = {10.1186/s12888-024-05933-7},
issn = {1471-244X (Electronic)},
journal = {BMC psychiatry},
keywords = {Aged,Aged, 80 and over,Bipolar Disorder,Depressive Disorder, Major,Electroconvulsive Therapy,Female,Guideline Adherence,Humans,Male,Practice Guidelines as Topic,Retrospective Studies,methods,therapy},
language = {eng},
month = {jul},
number = {1},
pages = {487},
pmid = {38961386},
title = {{Adherence to clinical practice guidelines for using electroconvulsive therapy in  elderly depressive patients.}},
volume = {24},
year = {2024}
}

OBJECTIVES: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is one of the most effective treatments in mood disorders, mainly in major depressive episode (MDE) in the context of either unipolar (MDD) or bipolar disorder (BD). However, ECT remains a neglected and underused treatment. Older people are at high risk patients for the development of adverse drug reactions. In this context, we sought to determine the duration of MDEs and the number of lines of treatment before the initiation of ECT in patients aged 65 years or over according to the presence or absence of first-line indications for using ECT from international guidelines. METHODS: In this multicenter, retrospective study including patients aged 65 years or over with MDEs in MDD or BD who have been treated with ECT for MDEs, data on the duration of MDEs and the number of lines of treatment received before ECT were collected. The reasons for using ECT, specifically first-line indications (suicidality, urgency, presence of catatonic and psychotic features, previous ECT response, patient preference) were recorded. Statistical comparisons between groups used standard statistical tests. RESULTS: We identified 335 patients. The mean duration of MDEs before ECT was about 9 months. It was significantly shorter in BD than in MDD- about 7 and 10 months, respectively. The co-occurrence of chronic medical disease increased the duration before ECT in the MDD group. The presence of first-line indications for using ECT from guidelines did not reduce the duration of MDEs before ECT, except where there was a previous response to ECT. The first-line indications reduced the number of lines of treatment before starting ECT. CONCLUSION: Even if ECT seems to be a key treatment in the elderly population due to its efficacity and safety for MDEs, the delay before this treatment is still too long.