@article{Baillet2024,
author = {Baillet, Ma{\"{e}}lle and Wathelet, Marielle and Lamer, Antoine and Fr{\'{e}}vent, Camille and Fovet, Thomas and D'Hondt, Fabien and Notredame, Charles-{\'{E}}douard and Vaiva, Guillaume and G{\'{e}}nin, Michael},
journal = {JMIR Public Health and Surveillance},
title = {{Association between COVID-19 and self-harm: a nationwide retrospective ecological spatiotemporal study in metropolitan France}},
year = {2024}
}

@article{Lamer2024,
author = {Lamer, Antoine and Dizier, Chlo{\'{e}} Saint and Levaillant, Mathieu and Hamel-Broza, Jean-Fran{\c{c}}ois and Ayed, Eiya},
doi = {10.1186/s12916-024-03496-8},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/Downloads/s12916-024-03496-8.pdf:pdf},
issn = {1741-7015},
journal = {BMC Medicine},
keywords = {COVID-19,Data reuse,Mental health,Pharmacoepidemiology,Psychiatry,Psychotropic drugs,covid-19,data reuse,mental health,pharmacoepidemiology,psychiatry,psychotropic drugs},
number = {274},
pages = {1--10},
publisher = {BioMed Central},
title = {{Prolonged increase in psychotropic drug use among young women following the COVID ‑ 19 pandemic : a French nationwide retrospective study}},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-024-03496-8},
volume = {22},
year = {2024}
}

@article{Belet2023,
abstract = {Users of psychiatric services are a population that is particularly at risk of sexual violence. Although this violence mostly occurs outside of the care setting, it can sometimes occur during a psychiatric hospitalization. In this interview with Jean-Pierre Bouchard, Bettina Belet, Estelle Demeulemeester, Louise Ghestem, Fidji Dupont, Margot Trimbur, Marielle Wathelet, Fabien D'Hondt and Pierre Thomas, draw on their clinical experience and research to offer a summary of the issue. They discuss the consequences of this violence on the users, both victims and presumed perpetrators, as well as the experience of the caregivers who are confronted with these events. The interview also offers into how professionals should respond to this violence, and propose ways to improve current practices.},
author = {Belet, Bettina and Demeulemeester, Estelle and Ghestem, Louise and Dupont, Fidji and Trimbur, Margot and Wathelet, Marielle and D'Hondt, Fabien and Thomas, Pierre and Bouchard, Jean Pierre},
doi = {10.1016/j.amp.2023.04.003},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Belet et al. - 2023 - Sexual violence within mental health units The urgent need to raise awareness and fight taboos.pdf:pdf},
issn = {17696631},
journal = {Annales Medico-Psychologiques},
keywords = {Mental health,Psychiatric services,Service users,Sexual violence},
number = {xxxx},
title = {{Sexual violence within mental health units: The urgent need to raise awareness and fight taboos}},
year = {2023}
}

Users of psychiatric services are a population that is particularly at risk of sexual violence. Although this violence mostly occurs outside of the care setting, it can sometimes occur during a psychiatric hospitalization. In this interview with Jean-Pierre Bouchard, Bettina Belet, Estelle Demeulemeester, Louise Ghestem, Fidji Dupont, Margot Trimbur, Marielle Wathelet, Fabien D'Hondt and Pierre Thomas, draw on their clinical experience and research to offer a summary of the issue. They discuss the consequences of this violence on the users, both victims and presumed perpetrators, as well as the experience of the caregivers who are confronted with these events. The interview also offers into how professionals should respond to this violence, and propose ways to improve current practices.

@article{Davion2023,
abstract = {Introduction Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is associated with motor dysfunction as well as psychological and cognitive impairments, including altered social cognition. Theory of mind (ToM) impairments have been reported in this disease but their nature and their cognitive/cerebral correlates have yet to be determined. Methods Fifty DM1 patients and 50 healthy controls were assessed using the Movie for the Assessment of Social Cognition, which quantifies impairments in affective and cognitive components of ToM through the depiction of everyday situations. We also measured the study participants' cognitive, behavioral and social abilities, quality of life, and brain MRI characteristics. Results DM1 patients presented a significant impairment in ToM performance compared to controls (p < .001). The patients' errors were related to hypomentalizations (p < .001 vs controls) but not to hypermentalizations (p = .95). The affective component was affected (p < .001 vs controls) but not the cognitive component (p = .09). The ToM impairment was associated with demographic variables (older age and a lower educational level), genetic findings (a larger CTG triplets repeat expansion) and cognitive scores (slower information processing speed). Associations were also found with brain MRI variables (lower white matter and supratentorial volumes) but not with behavioral or social variables. Discussion DM1 patients display a ToM impairment, characterized by predominant hypomentalizations concerning the affective component. This impairment might result from structural brain abnormalities observed in DM1.},
author = {Davion, Jean-Baptiste and Tard, C{\'{e}}line and Kuchcinski, Gr{\'{e}}gory and Fragoso, Loren and Wilu-Wilu, Amina and Maurage, Pierre and {The Tich}, Sylvie Nguyen and Defebvre, Luc and D'Hondt, Fabien and Delbeuck, Xavier},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2023.07.008},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Davion et al. - 2023 - Characterization of theory of mind performance in patients with myotonic dystrophy type 1.pdf:pdf},
issn = {0010-9452},
journal = {Cortex},
keywords = {Movie for the assessment of social cognition,Myotonic dystrophy,Neuromuscular disorders,Social cognition,Theory of mind},
title = {{Characterization of theory of mind performance in patients with myotonic dystrophy type 1}},
url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0010945223002095},
year = {2023}
}

Introduction Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is associated with motor dysfunction as well as psychological and cognitive impairments, including altered social cognition. Theory of mind (ToM) impairments have been reported in this disease but their nature and their cognitive/cerebral correlates have yet to be determined. Methods Fifty DM1 patients and 50 healthy controls were assessed using the Movie for the Assessment of Social Cognition, which quantifies impairments in affective and cognitive components of ToM through the depiction of everyday situations. We also measured the study participants' cognitive, behavioral and social abilities, quality of life, and brain MRI characteristics. Results DM1 patients presented a significant impairment in ToM performance compared to controls (p < .001). The patients' errors were related to hypomentalizations (p < .001 vs controls) but not to hypermentalizations (p = .95). The affective component was affected (p < .001 vs controls) but not the cognitive component (p = .09). The ToM impairment was associated with demographic variables (older age and a lower educational level), genetic findings (a larger CTG triplets repeat expansion) and cognitive scores (slower information processing speed). Associations were also found with brain MRI variables (lower white matter and supratentorial volumes) but not with behavioral or social variables. Discussion DM1 patients display a ToM impairment, characterized by predominant hypomentalizations concerning the affective component. This impairment might result from structural brain abnormalities observed in DM1.

@article{Fovet2023b,
abstract = {Purpose: We sought to measure the prevalence of psychotic symptoms (PSs) and psychotic disorders (PDs) in a sample of men entering jail and to compare these prevalences with those observed in the general population. We also aimed to explore the sociodemographic and clinical factors associated with PSs and PDs. Methods: The Mental Health in the Prison Population (MHPP) survey interviewed 630 incarcerated men upon admission to jail, using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview. We looked for associations between sociodemographic and clinical characteristics and the presence of lifetime PSs and PDs in the MHPP and Mental Health in the General Population (MHGP) surveys, which used the same methodology to collect data from the jail and general populations of the same geographical area. Results: A higher proportion of PSs without PDs was found in the MHGP group (25.3% vs. 17.8%, p < 0.001), whereas a higher prevalence of PDs was found in the MHPP group (7.0% vs. 2.6%, p < 0.001). The multivariable model indicated that subjects who were single or separated/divorced/widowed and had a history of trauma exposure were at joint risk of PSs and PDs, whereas entering jail was not associated with either PSs or PDs after adjustment for all covariates. Conclusion: The present study shows that PDs, but not PSs, are more prevalent in men entering jail than in the general population. This overrepresentation could be further explained by the exposure to vulnerability factors found in this population rather than by any specificity related to entering jail.},
author = {Fovet, Thomas and Pignon, Baptiste and Wathelet, Marielle and Benradia, Imane and Roelandt, Jean Luc and Jardri, Renaud and Thomas, Pierre and D'Hondt, Fabien and Amad, Ali},
doi = {10.1007/s00127-022-02339-2},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Fovet et al. - 2023 - Admission to jail and psychotic symptoms a study of the psychotic continuum in a sample of recently incarcerated m.pdf:pdf},
isbn = {0123456789},
issn = {14339285},
journal = {Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology},
keywords = {Continuum,Jail,Prison,Psychosis,Vulnerability},
number = {1},
pages = {25--34},
pmid = {35859058},
publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg},
title = {{Admission to jail and psychotic symptoms: a study of the psychotic continuum in a sample of recently incarcerated men}},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s00127-022-02339-2},
volume = {58},
year = {2023}
}

Purpose: We sought to measure the prevalence of psychotic symptoms (PSs) and psychotic disorders (PDs) in a sample of men entering jail and to compare these prevalences with those observed in the general population. We also aimed to explore the sociodemographic and clinical factors associated with PSs and PDs. Methods: The Mental Health in the Prison Population (MHPP) survey interviewed 630 incarcerated men upon admission to jail, using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview. We looked for associations between sociodemographic and clinical characteristics and the presence of lifetime PSs and PDs in the MHPP and Mental Health in the General Population (MHGP) surveys, which used the same methodology to collect data from the jail and general populations of the same geographical area. Results: A higher proportion of PSs without PDs was found in the MHGP group (25.3% vs. 17.8%, p < 0.001), whereas a higher prevalence of PDs was found in the MHPP group (7.0% vs. 2.6%, p < 0.001). The multivariable model indicated that subjects who were single or separated/divorced/widowed and had a history of trauma exposure were at joint risk of PSs and PDs, whereas entering jail was not associated with either PSs or PDs after adjustment for all covariates. Conclusion: The present study shows that PDs, but not PSs, are more prevalent in men entering jail than in the general population. This overrepresentation could be further explained by the exposure to vulnerability factors found in this population rather than by any specificity related to entering jail.

@article{Fovet2023,
author = {Fovet, Thomas and Saint-Dizier, Chlo{\'{e}} and Wathelet, Marielle and Horn, Mathilde and Thomas, Pierre and Guillin, Olivier and Coldefy, Magali and D'Hondt, Fabien and Amad, Ali and Lamer, Antoine},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Fovet et al. - 2023 - Opening the black box of hospitalizations in French high-secure psychiatric forensic units.pdf:pdf},
journal = {L'Enc{\'{e}}phale},
title = {{Opening the black box of hospitalizations in French high-secure psychiatric forensic units}},
year = {2023}
}

@article{Fovet2023a,
abstract = {Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and particularly complex PTSD, is over-represented in prisons and corrections. In this interview with Jean-Pierre Bouchard, Thomas Fovet, Cl{\'{e}}ment Villa, Bettina Belet, Fanny Carton, Timoth{\'{e}}e Bauer, Suzanne Buyle-Bodin and Fabien D'Hondt draw on their clinical experience and recent epidemiological research to provide an overview of the issue. The clinical aspects specifically found in the prison environment, especially the questions of comorbid psychiatric and substance use disorders or PTSD in perpetrators of violent crime, are developed. The current state of knowledge regarding the management of post-traumatic symptoms in prison is also discussed and put into perspective with daily practice.},
author = {Fovet, Thomas and Villa, Cl{\'{e}}ment and Belet, Bettina and Carton, Fanny and Bauer, Timoth{\'{e}}e and Buyle-Bodin, Suzanne and D'Hondt, Fabien and Bouchard, Jean Pierre},
doi = {10.1016/j.amp.2022.11.013},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Fovet et al. - 2023 - Trauma and PTSD in prisons and corrections.pdf:pdf},
issn = {17696631},
journal = {Annales Medico-Psychologiques},
keywords = {Incarcerated People,Jail,PTSD,Prison,Psychiatry,Trauma},
number = {2},
pages = {184--189},
title = {{Trauma and PTSD in prisons and corrections}},
volume = {181},
year = {2023}
}

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and particularly complex PTSD, is over-represented in prisons and corrections. In this interview with Jean-Pierre Bouchard, Thomas Fovet, Clément Villa, Bettina Belet, Fanny Carton, Timothée Bauer, Suzanne Buyle-Bodin and Fabien D'Hondt draw on their clinical experience and recent epidemiological research to provide an overview of the issue. The clinical aspects specifically found in the prison environment, especially the questions of comorbid psychiatric and substance use disorders or PTSD in perpetrators of violent crime, are developed. The current state of knowledge regarding the management of post-traumatic symptoms in prison is also discussed and put into perspective with daily practice.

@article{Fovet2023c,
author = {Fovet, Thomas and Wathelet, Marielle and Amad, Ali and Horn, Mathilde and Belet, Bettina and Roelandt, Jean Luc and Thomas, Pierre and Vaiva, Guillaume and D'Hondt, Fabien},
doi = {10.1017/S0033291721000507},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Fovet et al. - 2021 - PTSD in prison settings The need for direct comparisons with the general population.pdf:pdf},
isbn = {0033291721},
issn = {14698978},
journal = {Psychological Medicine},
number = {2},
pages = {597--599},
title = {{PTSD in prison settings: The need for direct comparisons with the general population}},
volume = {53},
year = {2023}
}

@article{Horn2023,
abstract = {Objective: Evidence shows that many patients with COVID-19 present persistent symptoms after the acute infection. Some patients may be at a high risk of developing Somatic Symptom Disorder (SSD), in which persistent symptoms are accompanied by excessive and disproportionate health-related thoughts, feelings and behaviors regarding these symptoms. This study assessed the frequency of persistent physical symptoms and SSD and their associated factors in patients with confirmed COVID-19. Methods: We conducted a longitudinal retrospective study after the first two French lockdowns at the Lille University Hospital (France), including all patients with confirmed COVID-19. Persistent physical symptoms and excessive preoccupations for these symptoms were measured 8 to 10 months after the onset of COVID-19. The combination of the Patient Health Questionnaire-15 and the Somatic Symptom Disorder-B Criteria Scale was used to identify the individuals likely to present with SSD. Two linear regression models were performed to identify sociodemographic and medical risk factors of SSD. Results: Among the 377 patients with a laboratory-confirmed diagnosis, 220 (58.4%) completed the questionnaires. Sixty-five percent of the 220 included patients required hospitalization, 53.6% presented at least one persistent physical symptom and 10.4% were considered to present SSD. Female sex, older age, infection during the second wave and having probable PTSD were significantly associated with the severity of SSD and SSD was associated with a significantly higher healthcare use. Conclusions: The identification of SSD should encourage clinicians to move beyond the artificial somatic/psychiatric dualism and contribute to a better alliance based on multi-disciplinary care.},
author = {Horn, Mathilde and Wathelet, Marielle and Amad, Ali and Martign{\`{e}}ne, Niels and Lathiere, Thomas and Khelfaoui, Kam{\'{e}}lia and Rousselle, Margot and {El Qaoubii}, Ouma{\"{i}}ma and Vuotto, Fanny and Faure, Karine and Creupelandt, Coralie and Vaiva, Guillaume and Fovet, Thomas and D'Hondt, Fabien},
doi = {10.1016/j.jpsychores.2023.111172},
issn = {18791360},
journal = {Journal of Psychosomatic Research},
keywords = {COVID-19,Long COVID, post-acute sequelae of COVID-19,Post-COVID condition,Post-traumatic stress disorder,Somatic Symptom Disorder},
pmid = {36736191},
title = {{Persistent physical symptoms after COVID-19 infection and the risk of Somatic Symptom Disorder}},
volume = {166},
year = {2023}
}

Objective: Evidence shows that many patients with COVID-19 present persistent symptoms after the acute infection. Some patients may be at a high risk of developing Somatic Symptom Disorder (SSD), in which persistent symptoms are accompanied by excessive and disproportionate health-related thoughts, feelings and behaviors regarding these symptoms. This study assessed the frequency of persistent physical symptoms and SSD and their associated factors in patients with confirmed COVID-19. Methods: We conducted a longitudinal retrospective study after the first two French lockdowns at the Lille University Hospital (France), including all patients with confirmed COVID-19. Persistent physical symptoms and excessive preoccupations for these symptoms were measured 8 to 10 months after the onset of COVID-19. The combination of the Patient Health Questionnaire-15 and the Somatic Symptom Disorder-B Criteria Scale was used to identify the individuals likely to present with SSD. Two linear regression models were performed to identify sociodemographic and medical risk factors of SSD. Results: Among the 377 patients with a laboratory-confirmed diagnosis, 220 (58.4%) completed the questionnaires. Sixty-five percent of the 220 included patients required hospitalization, 53.6% presented at least one persistent physical symptom and 10.4% were considered to present SSD. Female sex, older age, infection during the second wave and having probable PTSD were significantly associated with the severity of SSD and SSD was associated with a significantly higher healthcare use. Conclusions: The identification of SSD should encourage clinicians to move beyond the artificial somatic/psychiatric dualism and contribute to a better alliance based on multi-disciplinary care.

@article{Leroy2023,
author = {Leroy, Arnaud and Warembourg, Fr{\'{e}}d{\'{e}}rique and Duhem, St{\'{e}}phane and Fovet, Thomas and Gaud, Nicolas and Veerapa, Emilie and Porte, Am{\'{e}}lie and D'Hondt, Fabien and Vaiva, Guillaume},
doi = {10.1016/j.amp.2023.06.010},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Leroy et al. - 2023 - Traitements pharmacologiques dans le trouble de stress post-traumatique la n{\'{e}}cessit{\'{e}} d'une strat{\'{e}}gie globale.pdf:pdf},
journal = {Annales M{\'{e}}dico-Psychologiques},
pages = {1--4},
title = {{Traitements pharmacologiques dans le trouble de stress post-traumatique : la n{\'{e}}cessit{\'{e}} d'une strat{\'{e}}gie globale}},
year = {2023}
}

@article{Fleuriot2023,
author = {Loisel-Fleuriot, Louise and Fovet, Thomas and Bugnet, Arnaud and Creupelandt, Coralie and Wathelet, Marielle and Szaffarczyk, S{\'{e}}bastien and Duhem, St{\'{e}}phane and Vaiva, Guillaume and Horn, Mathilde and D'Hondt, Fabien},
doi = {10.1038/s41598-023-36346-3},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Loisel-Fleuriot et al. - 2023 - A pilot study investigating affective forecasting biases with a novel virtual reality ‑ based paradigm.pdf:pdf},
isbn = {4159802336346},
issn = {2045-2322},
journal = {Scientific Reports},
pages = {9321},
publisher = {Nature Publishing Group UK},
title = {{A pilot study investigating affective forecasting biases with a novel virtual reality ‑ based paradigm}},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-36346-3},
volume = {13},
year = {2023}
}

@incollection{Maurage2023a,
author = {Maurage, P. and D'Hondt, F.},
booktitle = {Rem{\'{e}}diation Cognitive},
doi = {10.1016/b978-2-294-78309-8.00023-9},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Maurage, D'Hondt - 2023 - Troubles cognitifs dans le trouble s{\'{e}}v{\`{e}}re de l'usage d'alcool.pdf:pdf},
isbn = {9782294783098},
pages = {345--372},
title = {{Troubles cognitifs dans le trouble s{\'{e}}v{\`{e}}re de l'usage d'alcool}},
year = {2023}
}

@article{Maurage2023,
author = {Maurage, Pierre and Rolland, Benjamin and Lise, Anne and Fabien, Pitel},
doi = {10.1007/s11065-023-09623-1},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Maurage et al. - 2023 - Five Challenges in Implementing Cognitive Remediation for Patients with Substance Use Disorders in Clinical Sett.pdf:pdf},
isbn = {1106502309623},
issn = {1573-6660},
journal = {Neuropsychology Review},
keywords = {Cognitive remediation,Cognitive therapy,Neuropsychology,Substance use disorder,cognitive remediation,cognitive therapy,neuropsychology,substance use disorder},
publisher = {Springer US},
title = {{Five Challenges in Implementing Cognitive Remediation for Patients with Substance Use Disorders in Clinical Settings}},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s11065-023-09623-1},
year = {2023}
}

@article{Veerapa2022,
abstract = {BACKGROUND Research on biased processing of aversive stimuli in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has produced inconsistent results between response time (RT) and eye-tracking studies. Recent RT-based results of dot-probe studies showed no attentional bias (AB) for threat while eye-tracking research suggested heightened sustained attention for this information. Here, we used both RT-based and eye-tracking measures to explore the dynamics of AB to negative stimuli in PTSD. METHODS Twenty-three individuals diagnosed with PTSD, 23 trauma-exposed healthy controls, and 23 healthy controls performed an emotional dot-probe task with pairs of negative and neutral scenes presented for either 1 or 2 s. Analyses included eye movements during the presentation of the scenes and RT associated with target localization. RESULTS There was no evidence for an AB toward negative stimuli in PTSD from RT measures. However, the main eye-tracking results revealed that all three groups showed longer dwell times on negative pictures than neutral pictures at 1 s and that this AB was stronger for individuals with PTSD. Moreover, although AB disappeared for the two groups of healthy controls with prolonged exposure, it persisted for individuals with PTSD. CONCLUSION PTSD is associated with an AB toward negative stimuli, characterized by heightened sustained attention toward negative scenes once detected. This study sheds light on the dynamics of AB to negative stimuli in PTSD and encourages us to consider optimized therapeutic interventions targeting abnormal AB patterns.},
author = {Veerapa, Emilie and Grandgen{\`{e}}vre, Pierre and Vaiva, Guillaume and Duhem, St{\'{e}}phane and Fayoumi, Mohamed El and Vinnac, Benjamin and Szaffarczyk, S{\'{e}}bastien and Wathelet, Marielle and Fovet, Thomas and D'Hondt, Fabien},
doi = {10.1017/s0033291722003063},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Veerapa et al. - 2023 - Attentional bias toward negative stimuli in PTSD an eye-tracking study.pdf:pdf},
issn = {0033-2917},
journal = {Psychological Medicine},
number = {12},
pages = {5809--5817},
pmid = {36259422},
title = {{Attentional bias toward negative stimuli in PTSD: an eye-tracking study}},
volume = {53},
year = {2023}
}

BACKGROUND Research on biased processing of aversive stimuli in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has produced inconsistent results between response time (RT) and eye-tracking studies. Recent RT-based results of dot-probe studies showed no attentional bias (AB) for threat while eye-tracking research suggested heightened sustained attention for this information. Here, we used both RT-based and eye-tracking measures to explore the dynamics of AB to negative stimuli in PTSD. METHODS Twenty-three individuals diagnosed with PTSD, 23 trauma-exposed healthy controls, and 23 healthy controls performed an emotional dot-probe task with pairs of negative and neutral scenes presented for either 1 or 2 s. Analyses included eye movements during the presentation of the scenes and RT associated with target localization. RESULTS There was no evidence for an AB toward negative stimuli in PTSD from RT measures. However, the main eye-tracking results revealed that all three groups showed longer dwell times on negative pictures than neutral pictures at 1 s and that this AB was stronger for individuals with PTSD. Moreover, although AB disappeared for the two groups of healthy controls with prolonged exposure, it persisted for individuals with PTSD. CONCLUSION PTSD is associated with an AB toward negative stimuli, characterized by heightened sustained attention toward negative scenes once detected. This study sheds light on the dynamics of AB to negative stimuli in PTSD and encourages us to consider optimized therapeutic interventions targeting abnormal AB patterns.

@article{Wauthia2023,
abstract = {Pediatric social anxiety is characterized by attentional biases (AB) towards social threats. This study used a new response-based calculation method to assess AB from response times (RT) in a visual dot-probe task and electroencephalography (EEG) to explore its electrophysiological correlates. Twenty, high socially anxious children (HSA) (mean [M] = 10.1 years; standard deviation [SD] = 1.01) were compared with 22 healthy control children (HC) (M = 10.20 years; SD = 1.30) matched in age and gender. Participants had to identify targets preceded by disgust-neutral, happy-neutral, or neutral-neutral pairs of faces. RT and electroencephalograms were recorded throughout the task. While no significant group difference was found at the behavioral level, principal component analyses performed on EEG data revealed that event-related potentials for threat-related stimuli were impacted by social anxiety. Analyses indicated a larger N170 amplitude in response to all facial stimuli in HC when compared to the HSA. However, we found increased P2 amplitudes for disgust-neutral pairs compared with happy-neutral pairs in has only. Then, thasHSA group showed increased P2 amplitudes for targets following disgusted faces on the opposite side of the screen compared with targets appearing on the same side of the screen. These results suggest that HSA may display an increased anchorage of attention on threatening stimuli and need more effort to disengage their attentional focus from threats and to perform the task correctly. Taken together, our data confirmed the presence of AB in children with high levels of social anxiety, which are reflected by increased neural processing during the confrontation to faces depicting a potential threatening expression.},
author = {Wauthia, Erika and Rossignol, Mandy and Blekic, Wivine and Lefebvre, Laurent and D'Hondt, Fabien},
doi = {10.3758/s13415-022-01042-8},
issn = {15307026},
journal = {Cognitive, Affective and Behavioral Neuroscience},
keywords = {Attentional bias,Dot-probe task,Event-related potentials,Pediatric social anxiety},
number = {1},
pages = {190--202},
pmid = {36380263},
title = {{Electrophysiological correlates of attentional bias towards threat in children with high levels of social anxiety}},
volume = {23},
year = {2023}
}

Pediatric social anxiety is characterized by attentional biases (AB) towards social threats. This study used a new response-based calculation method to assess AB from response times (RT) in a visual dot-probe task and electroencephalography (EEG) to explore its electrophysiological correlates. Twenty, high socially anxious children (HSA) (mean [M] = 10.1 years; standard deviation [SD] = 1.01) were compared with 22 healthy control children (HC) (M = 10.20 years; SD = 1.30) matched in age and gender. Participants had to identify targets preceded by disgust-neutral, happy-neutral, or neutral-neutral pairs of faces. RT and electroencephalograms were recorded throughout the task. While no significant group difference was found at the behavioral level, principal component analyses performed on EEG data revealed that event-related potentials for threat-related stimuli were impacted by social anxiety. Analyses indicated a larger N170 amplitude in response to all facial stimuli in HC when compared to the HSA. However, we found increased P2 amplitudes for disgust-neutral pairs compared with happy-neutral pairs in has only. Then, thasHSA group showed increased P2 amplitudes for targets following disgusted faces on the opposite side of the screen compared with targets appearing on the same side of the screen. These results suggest that HSA may display an increased anchorage of attention on threatening stimuli and need more effort to disengage their attentional focus from threats and to perform the task correctly. Taken together, our data confirmed the presence of AB in children with high levels of social anxiety, which are reflected by increased neural processing during the confrontation to faces depicting a potential threatening expression.

@article{Creupelandt2022,
abstract = {Visuospatial impairments have long been reported in Severe Alcohol Use Disorder but remain poorly understood, notably regarding the involvement of magnocellular (MC) and parvocellular (PC) pathways. This empirical gap hampers the understanding of the implications of these visual changes, especially since the MC and PC pathways are thought to sustain central bottom-up and top-down processes during cognitive processing. They thus influence our ability to efficiently monitor our environment and make the most effective decisions. To overcome this limitation, we measured PC-inferred spatial and MC-inferred temporal resolution in 35 individuals with SAUD and 30 healthy controls. We used Landolt circles displaying small apertures outside the sensitivity range of MC cells or flickering at a temporal frequency exceeding PC sensitivity. We found evidence of preserved PC spatial resolution combined with impaired MC temporal resolution in SAUD. We also measured how spatial and temporal sensitivity is influenced by the prior presentation of fearful faces – as emotional content could favor MC processing over PC one – but found no evidence of emotional modulation in either group. This spatio-temporal dissociation implies that individuals with SAUD may process visual details efficiently but perceive rapidly updating visual information at a slower pace. This deficit has implications for the tracking of rapidly changing stimuli in experimental tasks, but also for the decoding of crucial everyday visual incentives such as faces, whose micro-expressions vary continuously. Future studies should further specify the visual profile of individuals with SAUD to incorporate disparate findings within a theoretically grounded model of vision.},
author = {Creupelandt, Coralie and D'Hondt, Fabien and Bocanegra, Bruno and Szaffarczyk, Sebastien and de Timary, Philippe and Deleuze, Jory and Lambot, Carine and Maurage, Pierre},
doi = {10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.02.040},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Creupelandt et al. - 2022 - Visual abilities in Severe Alcohol Use Disorder Preserved spatial but impaired temporal resolution.pdf:pdf},
issn = {18791379},
journal = {Journal of Psychiatric Research},
keywords = {Alcohol dependence,Magnocellular,Parvocellular,Spatial,Temporal,Vision},
language = {eng},
month = {may},
pages = {201--208},
pmid = {35287049},
publisher = {Elsevier Ltd},
title = {{Visual abilities in Severe Alcohol Use Disorder: Preserved spatial but impaired temporal resolution}},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biteb.2019.100310},
volume = {149},
year = {2022}
}

Visuospatial impairments have long been reported in Severe Alcohol Use Disorder but remain poorly understood, notably regarding the involvement of magnocellular (MC) and parvocellular (PC) pathways. This empirical gap hampers the understanding of the implications of these visual changes, especially since the MC and PC pathways are thought to sustain central bottom-up and top-down processes during cognitive processing. They thus influence our ability to efficiently monitor our environment and make the most effective decisions. To overcome this limitation, we measured PC-inferred spatial and MC-inferred temporal resolution in 35 individuals with SAUD and 30 healthy controls. We used Landolt circles displaying small apertures outside the sensitivity range of MC cells or flickering at a temporal frequency exceeding PC sensitivity. We found evidence of preserved PC spatial resolution combined with impaired MC temporal resolution in SAUD. We also measured how spatial and temporal sensitivity is influenced by the prior presentation of fearful faces – as emotional content could favor MC processing over PC one – but found no evidence of emotional modulation in either group. This spatio-temporal dissociation implies that individuals with SAUD may process visual details efficiently but perceive rapidly updating visual information at a slower pace. This deficit has implications for the tracking of rapidly changing stimuli in experimental tasks, but also for the decoding of crucial everyday visual incentives such as faces, whose micro-expressions vary continuously. Future studies should further specify the visual profile of individuals with SAUD to incorporate disparate findings within a theoretically grounded model of vision.

@article{Creupelandt2022a,
abstract = {Rationale: Visuo-perceptive deficits in severe alcohol use disorder (SAUD) remain little understood, notably regarding the respective involvement of the two main human visual streams, i.e., magnocellular (MC) and parvocellular (PC) pathways, in these deficits. Besides, in healthy populations, low-level visual perception can adapt depending on the nature of visual cues, among which emotional features, but this MC and PC pathway adaptation to emotional content is unexplored in SAUD. Objectives: To assess MC and PC functioning as well as their emotional modulations in SAUD. Methods: We used sensitivity indices (d′) and repeated-measures analyses of variance to compare orientation judgments of Gabor patches sampled at various MC- and PC-related spatial frequencies in 35 individuals with SAUD and 38 matched healthy controls. We then explored how emotional content modulated performances by introducing neutral or fearful face cues immediately before the Gabor patches and added the type of cue in the analyses. Results: SAUD patients showed a general reduction in sensitivity across all spatial frequencies, indicating impoverished processing of both coarse and fine-scale visual content. However, we observed selective impairments depending on facial cues: individuals with SAUD processed intermediate spatial frequencies less efficiently than healthy controls following neutral faces, whereas group differences emerged for the highest spatial frequencies following fearful faces. Altogether, SAUD was associated with mixed MC and PC deficits that may vary according to emotional content, in line with a flexible but suboptimal use of low-level visual content. Such subtle alterations could have implications for everyday life's complex visual judgments.},
author = {Creupelandt, Coralie and Maurage, Pierre and Bocanegra, Bruno and Szaffarczyk, S{\'{e}}bastien and de Timary, Philippe and Deleuze, Jory and Lambot, Carine and D'Hondt, Fabien},
doi = {10.1007/s00213-022-06158-w},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Creupelandt et al. - 2022 - Spatial frequency processing and its modulation by emotional content in severe alcohol use disorder.pdf:pdf},
issn = {14322072},
journal = {Psychopharmacology},
keywords = {Alcohol use disorder,Emotion,Faces,Magnocellular,Parvocellular,Spatial frequency,Vision,Visual pathways},
number = {8},
pages = {2647--2657},
pmid = {35524008},
title = {{Spatial frequency processing and its modulation by emotional content in severe alcohol use disorder}},
volume = {239},
year = {2022}
}

Rationale: Visuo-perceptive deficits in severe alcohol use disorder (SAUD) remain little understood, notably regarding the respective involvement of the two main human visual streams, i.e., magnocellular (MC) and parvocellular (PC) pathways, in these deficits. Besides, in healthy populations, low-level visual perception can adapt depending on the nature of visual cues, among which emotional features, but this MC and PC pathway adaptation to emotional content is unexplored in SAUD. Objectives: To assess MC and PC functioning as well as their emotional modulations in SAUD. Methods: We used sensitivity indices (d′) and repeated-measures analyses of variance to compare orientation judgments of Gabor patches sampled at various MC- and PC-related spatial frequencies in 35 individuals with SAUD and 38 matched healthy controls. We then explored how emotional content modulated performances by introducing neutral or fearful face cues immediately before the Gabor patches and added the type of cue in the analyses. Results: SAUD patients showed a general reduction in sensitivity across all spatial frequencies, indicating impoverished processing of both coarse and fine-scale visual content. However, we observed selective impairments depending on facial cues: individuals with SAUD processed intermediate spatial frequencies less efficiently than healthy controls following neutral faces, whereas group differences emerged for the highest spatial frequencies following fearful faces. Altogether, SAUD was associated with mixed MC and PC deficits that may vary according to emotional content, in line with a flexible but suboptimal use of low-level visual content. Such subtle alterations could have implications for everyday life's complex visual judgments.

@article{Fovet2022,
abstract = {Background: Criminal responsibility is a key concept in the criminal sanctioning of people diagnosed with mental health disorders who have committed crimes. In France, based on the recommendations of one or more expert psychiatrists, a judge can declare a person not criminally responsible on account of mental disorder (NCRMD) if, at the time of the offense, the person was presenting a psychiatric disorder that abolished or altered his/her capacity for discernment and/or ability to control his/her actions. In such a case, the judge also generally orders an involuntary psychiatric hospitalization. The objectives of this study were to (1) describe longitudinal retrospective administrative data of psychiatric hospitalizations for people found NCRMD, (2) identify the age, sex, and principal diagnoses of these individuals, and (3) characterize the trajectories of their psychiatric care before and after NCRMD psychiatric hospitalization. Methods: We used discharge reports from the French national hospital database called Programme de m{\'{e}}dicalisation des syst{\`{e}}mes d'information (PMSI) to gather longitudinal data that describe psychiatric hospitalizations for people found NCRMD between 2011 and 2020, the age, sex, and principal diagnoses of these patients, the length of their hospitalization, and the trajectories of their psychiatric care before and after their NCRMD psychiatric hospitalization. Results: We identified 3,020 patients who were hospitalized for psychiatric care after having been found NCRMD between 2011 and 2020. The number of admissions on these grounds has remained stable over this period, ranging from 263 in 2011 to 227 in 2021. They were mostly young men diagnosed with a psychotic disorder (62%). The majority (87%) were hospitalized in general psychiatric hospitals, and only 13% were admitted to maximum-security units (Unit{\'{e}}s pour malades difficiles, UMD). The median duration of hospitalization for these patients was 13 months. Our results show that 73% of the patients had already been hospitalized prior to their NRCMD hospitalization. The rehospitalization rate within 5 years of discharge from NCRMD psychiatric hospitalization was 62%. Conclusion: We conducted the first study investigating the psychiatric hospital treatment of people declared NCRMD in France. There is an urgent need for further studies to investigate the clinical characteristics of these patients.},
author = {Fovet, Thomas and Baillet, Ma{\"{e}}lle and Horn, Mathilde and Chan-Chee, Christine and Cottencin, Olivier and Thomas, Pierre and Vaiva, Guillaume and D'Hondt, Fabien and Amad, Ali and Lamer, Antoine},
doi = {10.3389/fpsyt.2022.812790},
issn = {16640640},
journal = {Frontiers in Psychiatry},
keywords = {France,forensic—psychiatric practice,insanity defense,not criminally responsible on account of mental di,not guilty by reason of insanity,prison,responsibility},
language = {eng},
pages = {812790},
pmid = {35449565},
title = {{Psychiatric Hospitalizations of People Found Not Criminally Responsible on Account of Mental Disorder in France: A Ten-Year Retrospective Study (2011–2020)}},
volume = {13},
year = {2022}
}

Background: Criminal responsibility is a key concept in the criminal sanctioning of people diagnosed with mental health disorders who have committed crimes. In France, based on the recommendations of one or more expert psychiatrists, a judge can declare a person not criminally responsible on account of mental disorder (NCRMD) if, at the time of the offense, the person was presenting a psychiatric disorder that abolished or altered his/her capacity for discernment and/or ability to control his/her actions. In such a case, the judge also generally orders an involuntary psychiatric hospitalization. The objectives of this study were to (1) describe longitudinal retrospective administrative data of psychiatric hospitalizations for people found NCRMD, (2) identify the age, sex, and principal diagnoses of these individuals, and (3) characterize the trajectories of their psychiatric care before and after NCRMD psychiatric hospitalization. Methods: We used discharge reports from the French national hospital database called Programme de médicalisation des systèmes d'information (PMSI) to gather longitudinal data that describe psychiatric hospitalizations for people found NCRMD between 2011 and 2020, the age, sex, and principal diagnoses of these patients, the length of their hospitalization, and the trajectories of their psychiatric care before and after their NCRMD psychiatric hospitalization. Results: We identified 3,020 patients who were hospitalized for psychiatric care after having been found NCRMD between 2011 and 2020. The number of admissions on these grounds has remained stable over this period, ranging from 263 in 2011 to 227 in 2021. They were mostly young men diagnosed with a psychotic disorder (62%). The majority (87%) were hospitalized in general psychiatric hospitals, and only 13% were admitted to maximum-security units (Unités pour malades difficiles, UMD). The median duration of hospitalization for these patients was 13 months. Our results show that 73% of the patients had already been hospitalized prior to their NRCMD hospitalization. The rehospitalization rate within 5 years of discharge from NCRMD psychiatric hospitalization was 62%. Conclusion: We conducted the first study investigating the psychiatric hospital treatment of people declared NCRMD in France. There is an urgent need for further studies to investigate the clinical characteristics of these patients.

@article{Fovet2022a,
abstract = {Background: Despite the poor mental health status of people who are incarcerated, few studies have examined the number of psychiatric hospitalisations in this population. Since 2010, France has progressively opened nine full-time inpatient psychiatric wards exclusively for people who are incarcerated, called “specially adapted hospital units” (unit{\'{e}}s hospitali{\`{e}}res sp{\'{e}}cialement am{\'{e}}nag{\'{e}}es, UHSAs, 440 beds). This study aimed to present the annual rates of psychiatric hospitalisations and primary psychiatric diagnoses among people who are incarcerated in France from 2009 to 2019. Methods: We used discharge reports from the French national hospital database to describe longitudinal retrospective administrative data of psychiatric hospitalisations for people in jail and prison between 2009 and 2019, the age, sex, and principal diagnoses of these patients, the proportion of voluntary versus involuntary care, and the interactions between UHSAs and other facilities. Findings: Between Jan 1, 2009, and Dec 31, 2019, 32,228 (92.2% men, n = 29,721; 7.8% women, n = 2 507) incarcerated people were hospitalised for psychiatric care (64,481 stays). The main diagnoses were psychotic disorders (27.4%), personality disorders (23.2%), and stress-related disorders (20.2%). The annual number of incarcerated people hospitalised in psychiatric care increased from 3263 in 2009 to 4914 in 2019. The gradual increase in the activity of UHSAs (300 hospitalisations in 2010 versus 3252 in 2019) was not associated with a reduction in the rate of hospitalisation of incarcerated people in local psychiatric hospitals. Interpretation: The creation of psychiatric hospitals specifically dedicated to the prison population has not stopped the hospitalisation of people who are incarcerated at psychiatric hospitals. These findings suggest that access to psychiatric hospitalisation remains problematic for people who are incarcerated in France. Funding: There was no funding source for this study.},
author = {Fovet, Thomas and Chan-Chee, Christine and Baillet, Ma{\"{e}}lle and Horn, Mathilde and Wathelet, Marielle and D'Hondt, Fabien and Thomas, Pierre and Amad, Ali and Lamer, Antoine},
doi = {10.1016/j.eclinm.2022.101374},
issn = {25895370},
journal = {eClinicalMedicine},
keywords = {Data reuse,Forensic,Jail,Prison,Psychiatric hospital,Psychiatric hospitalisation,Specially adapted hospital units},
language = {eng},
month = {apr},
pages = {101374},
pmid = {35434587},
title = {{Psychiatric hospitalisations for people who are incarcerated, 2009–2019: An 11-year retrospective longitudinal study in France}},
volume = {46},
year = {2022}
}

Background: Despite the poor mental health status of people who are incarcerated, few studies have examined the number of psychiatric hospitalisations in this population. Since 2010, France has progressively opened nine full-time inpatient psychiatric wards exclusively for people who are incarcerated, called “specially adapted hospital units” (unités hospitalières spécialement aménagées, UHSAs, 440 beds). This study aimed to present the annual rates of psychiatric hospitalisations and primary psychiatric diagnoses among people who are incarcerated in France from 2009 to 2019. Methods: We used discharge reports from the French national hospital database to describe longitudinal retrospective administrative data of psychiatric hospitalisations for people in jail and prison between 2009 and 2019, the age, sex, and principal diagnoses of these patients, the proportion of voluntary versus involuntary care, and the interactions between UHSAs and other facilities. Findings: Between Jan 1, 2009, and Dec 31, 2019, 32,228 (92.2% men, n = 29,721; 7.8% women, n = 2 507) incarcerated people were hospitalised for psychiatric care (64,481 stays). The main diagnoses were psychotic disorders (27.4%), personality disorders (23.2%), and stress-related disorders (20.2%). The annual number of incarcerated people hospitalised in psychiatric care increased from 3263 in 2009 to 4914 in 2019. The gradual increase in the activity of UHSAs (300 hospitalisations in 2010 versus 3252 in 2019) was not associated with a reduction in the rate of hospitalisation of incarcerated people in local psychiatric hospitals. Interpretation: The creation of psychiatric hospitals specifically dedicated to the prison population has not stopped the hospitalisation of people who are incarcerated at psychiatric hospitals. These findings suggest that access to psychiatric hospitalisation remains problematic for people who are incarcerated in France. Funding: There was no funding source for this study.

@article{Fovet2022b,
abstract = {Research has consistently shown high levels of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in correctional settings. We aimed to compare the prevalences of trauma exposure, subthreshold PTSD, and full PTSD in incarcerated people with those observed in the general population. We used the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview to screen for psychiatric disorders among men upon admission to jail (N = 630) and non-incarcerated men living in the same geographic area (the northern district of France; N = 5793). We utilized a multinomial regression model to assess the association between admission to jail and the prevalences of trauma exposure, subthreshold PTSD, and full PTSD. We employed logistic regression models to verify the interaction between admission to jail and PTSD status on the presence of psychiatric comorbidities. Full PTSD was overrepresented among men in jail after adjustment for all covariates (OR [95% CI] = 3.49 [1.55–7.85], p = 0.002). The association between PTSD status and the presence of at least one psychiatric comorbidity was also more important upon admission to jail than in the general population. Admission to jail was not associated with a higher prevalence of trauma exposure (OR [95% CI] = 1.12 [0.85–1.46], p = 0.419) or subthreshold PTSD (OR [95% CI] = 1.17 [0.81–1.68], p = 0.413). These results suggest higher prevalence rates of full PTSD and psychiatric comorbidities associated with PTSD symptoms in incarcerated people than in the general population. The provision of trauma-focused interventions tailored to these clinical specificities should be considered for the jail population.},
author = {Fovet, Thomas and Wathelet, Marielle and Amad, Ali and Horn, Mathilde and Belet, Bettina and Benradia, Imane and Roelandt, Jean Luc and Thomas, Pierre and Vaiva, Guillaume and D'Hondt, Fabien},
doi = {10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.12.014},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Fovet et al. - 2021 - Trauma exposure and PTSD among men entering jail A comparative study with the general population.pdf:pdf},
issn = {18791379},
journal = {Journal of Psychiatric Research},
keywords = {Comorbidity,Correction,Jail,PTSD,Trauma,Vulnerability},
language = {eng},
month = {dec},
number = {September 2021},
pages = {205--212},
pmid = {34929470},
publisher = {Elsevier Ltd},
title = {{Trauma exposure and PTSD among men entering jail: A comparative study with the general population}},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.12.014},
volume = {145},
year = {2022}
}

Research has consistently shown high levels of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in correctional settings. We aimed to compare the prevalences of trauma exposure, subthreshold PTSD, and full PTSD in incarcerated people with those observed in the general population. We used the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview to screen for psychiatric disorders among men upon admission to jail (N = 630) and non-incarcerated men living in the same geographic area (the northern district of France; N = 5793). We utilized a multinomial regression model to assess the association between admission to jail and the prevalences of trauma exposure, subthreshold PTSD, and full PTSD. We employed logistic regression models to verify the interaction between admission to jail and PTSD status on the presence of psychiatric comorbidities. Full PTSD was overrepresented among men in jail after adjustment for all covariates (OR [95% CI] = 3.49 [1.55–7.85], p = 0.002). The association between PTSD status and the presence of at least one psychiatric comorbidity was also more important upon admission to jail than in the general population. Admission to jail was not associated with a higher prevalence of trauma exposure (OR [95% CI] = 1.12 [0.85–1.46], p = 0.419) or subthreshold PTSD (OR [95% CI] = 1.17 [0.81–1.68], p = 0.413). These results suggest higher prevalence rates of full PTSD and psychiatric comorbidities associated with PTSD symptoms in incarcerated people than in the general population. The provision of trauma-focused interventions tailored to these clinical specificities should be considered for the jail population.

@article{Fovet2022d,
abstract = {Introduction: The rates of alcohol and illegal drug use and the prevalence of alcohol and illegal drug use disorders (AUDs and DUDs) are high in prison populations, particularly in men entering jail. However, these rates have never been exhaustively assessed and compared to those of the general population in France. Methods: We based our research on two surveys, conducted in the same French region, which included a total of 630 men entering jail and 5,793 men recruited from the general population. We used the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview to assess alcohol and drug use, AUD, DUD, as well as co-occurring psychiatric disorders, and we examined differences in prevalence rates between the two populations. Logistic regression models were performed to (i) identify the factors associated with AUD and DUD and (ii) test whether the interaction between admission to jail and the presence of AUD, DUD, or both is linked to the presence of at least one co-occurring psychiatric disorder. Results: Compared to the general population sample, the prevalence of AUD (33.8% vs. 8.7%, p < 0.001) and DUD (at least one type of drug: 28.7% vs. 5.0%, p < 0.001; cannabis: 24.0% vs. 4.7%, p < 0.001; opioids: 6.8% vs. 0.4%, p < 0.001; stimulants: 5.2% vs. 0.8%, p < 0.001) was significantly higher in the jail population sample, as well as the rates of past-year use of various substances (alcohol: 62.1% vs. 56.4%, p = 0.007; at least one type of illegal drug: 50.0% vs. 14.4%, p < 0.001; cannabis: 45.6% vs. 13.9%, opioids: 9.4% vs. 0.7%; stimulants: 8.6% vs. 1.9%). Admission to jail was associated with a higher risk of AUD (aOR = 3.80, 95% CI: 2.89-5.01, p < 0.001) or DUD (aOR = 4.25, 95% CI: 3.10-5.84, p < 0.001). History of trauma was also associated with both AUD (aOR = 1.81, 95% CI: 1.53-2.14, p < 0.001) and DUD (aOR = 2.15, 95% CI: 1.74-2.65, p < 0.001), whereas history of migration was only associated with DUD (aOR = 1.38, 95% CI: 1.12-1.71, p = 0.003). AUDs and DUDs were more strongly associated with co-occurring psychiatric disorders in incarcerated men than in the general population. Among individuals with AUD, DUD, or both, co-occurring anxiety and mood disorders were particularly more frequent in jail than in the general population. Discussion/Conclusion: As in most countries, AUD and DUD are highly prevalent among men entering jail in France. Our results also suggest that incarceration constitutes an independent vulnerability factor for a dual disorder, which supports a systematic assessment and treatment of psychiatric disorders in men entering jail and diagnosed with an AUD or DUD.},
author = {Fovet, Thomas and Wathelet, Marielle and Benbouriche, Massil and Benradia, Imane and Roelandt, Jean Luc and Thomas, Pierre and D'Hondt, Fabien and Rolland, Benjamin},
doi = {10.1159/000526079},
issn = {14219891},
journal = {European Addiction Research},
keywords = {Comorbidity,France,Jail,Misuse,Substance use disorder},
number = {5},
pages = {368--376},
pmid = {36007504},
title = {{Substance Use, Substance Use Disorders, and Co-Occurring Psychiatric Disorders in Recently Incarcerated Men: A Comparison with the General Population}},
volume = {28},
year = {2022}
}

Introduction: The rates of alcohol and illegal drug use and the prevalence of alcohol and illegal drug use disorders (AUDs and DUDs) are high in prison populations, particularly in men entering jail. However, these rates have never been exhaustively assessed and compared to those of the general population in France. Methods: We based our research on two surveys, conducted in the same French region, which included a total of 630 men entering jail and 5,793 men recruited from the general population. We used the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview to assess alcohol and drug use, AUD, DUD, as well as co-occurring psychiatric disorders, and we examined differences in prevalence rates between the two populations. Logistic regression models were performed to (i) identify the factors associated with AUD and DUD and (ii) test whether the interaction between admission to jail and the presence of AUD, DUD, or both is linked to the presence of at least one co-occurring psychiatric disorder. Results: Compared to the general population sample, the prevalence of AUD (33.8% vs. 8.7%, p < 0.001) and DUD (at least one type of drug: 28.7% vs. 5.0%, p < 0.001; cannabis: 24.0% vs. 4.7%, p < 0.001; opioids: 6.8% vs. 0.4%, p < 0.001; stimulants: 5.2% vs. 0.8%, p < 0.001) was significantly higher in the jail population sample, as well as the rates of past-year use of various substances (alcohol: 62.1% vs. 56.4%, p = 0.007; at least one type of illegal drug: 50.0% vs. 14.4%, p < 0.001; cannabis: 45.6% vs. 13.9%, opioids: 9.4% vs. 0.7%; stimulants: 8.6% vs. 1.9%). Admission to jail was associated with a higher risk of AUD (aOR = 3.80, 95% CI: 2.89-5.01, p < 0.001) or DUD (aOR = 4.25, 95% CI: 3.10-5.84, p < 0.001). History of trauma was also associated with both AUD (aOR = 1.81, 95% CI: 1.53-2.14, p < 0.001) and DUD (aOR = 2.15, 95% CI: 1.74-2.65, p < 0.001), whereas history of migration was only associated with DUD (aOR = 1.38, 95% CI: 1.12-1.71, p = 0.003). AUDs and DUDs were more strongly associated with co-occurring psychiatric disorders in incarcerated men than in the general population. Among individuals with AUD, DUD, or both, co-occurring anxiety and mood disorders were particularly more frequent in jail than in the general population. Discussion/Conclusion: As in most countries, AUD and DUD are highly prevalent among men entering jail in France. Our results also suggest that incarceration constitutes an independent vulnerability factor for a dual disorder, which supports a systematic assessment and treatment of psychiatric disorders in men entering jail and diagnosed with an AUD or DUD.

@article{Fovet2022c,
author = {Fovet, Thomas and Wathelet, Marielle and Pignon, Baptiste and Jardri, Renaud and D'Hondt, Fabien and Amad, Ali},
doi = {10.1016/j.schres.2022.10.021},
issn = {15732509},
journal = {Schizophrenia Research},
pages = {87--88},
pmid = {36370536},
title = {{Refining the clinical approach of psychotic experiences in people who are incarcerated}},
volume = {250},
year = {2022}
}

@article{Horn2021d,
author = {Horn, Mathilde and Wathelet, Marielle and Amad, Ali and Vuotto, Fanny and Faure, Karine and Henry, Margot and Vaiva, Guillaume and Fovet, Thomas and D'Hondt, Fabien},
doi = {10.1016/j.jagp.2021.12.005},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Horn et al. - 2021 - Prevalence and risk factors of PTSD in older survivors of Covid-19 Are the elderly so vulnerable.pdf:pdf},
issn = {15457214},
journal = {American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry},
keywords = {,Aged,COVID-19,Humans,Post-Traumatic,Prevalence,Risk Factors,Stress Disorders,Survivors,epidemiology},
language = {eng},
month = {dec},
number = {6},
pages = {740--742},
pmid = {34996702},
publisher = {Elsevier Inc.},
title = {{Prevalence and Risk Factors of PTSD in Older Survivors of Covid-19 Are The Elderly so Vulnerable?}},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jagp.2021.12.005},
volume = {30},
year = {2022}
}

@incollection{Martignene2022,
abstract = {Despite the increasing computerization of hospital information systems, segments of patient care are still in paper format. Data extracted automatically from the hospital databases for one specific project are thus supplemented by data collected manually. Data collection tools are usually developed entirely, which requires computer knowledge and is tedious, or automatically from metadata or drag and drop controls, which is limiting in terms of functionality. To facilitate this manual collection, we developed a free and open-source tool for creating forms that does not require advanced computer skills, offers rich features, and is quickly implemented, tested and deployed. It was implemented for 15 projects and supported thousands of daily users for a complex interactive study at the national level.},
author = {Martignene, Niels and Amad, Ali and Bellet, Julie and Tabareau, Julien and D'Hondt, Fabien and Fovet, Thomas and Lamer, Antoine},
booktitle = {Studies in Health Technology and Informatics},
doi = {10.3233/SHTI220517},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Martignene et al. - 2022 - Goupile A New Paradigm for the Development and Implementation of Clinical Report Forms.pdf:pdf},
isbn = {9781643682846},
issn = {18798365},
keywords = {Clinical research,Data collection,Electronic data capture,Electronic health record},
pages = {540--544},
pmid = {35612138},
title = {{Goupile: A New Paradigm for the Development and Implementation of Clinical Report Forms}},
volume = {294},
year = {2022}
}

Despite the increasing computerization of hospital information systems, segments of patient care are still in paper format. Data extracted automatically from the hospital databases for one specific project are thus supplemented by data collected manually. Data collection tools are usually developed entirely, which requires computer knowledge and is tedious, or automatically from metadata or drag and drop controls, which is limiting in terms of functionality. To facilitate this manual collection, we developed a free and open-source tool for creating forms that does not require advanced computer skills, offers rich features, and is quickly implemented, tested and deployed. It was implemented for 15 projects and supported thousands of daily users for a complex interactive study at the national level.

@article{Wathelet2022,
abstract = {Importance: The Cons{\'{e}}quences de la pand{\'{e}}mie de COVID-19 sur la sant{\'{e}} mentale des {\'{e}}tudiants (COSAMe) survey was conducted among university students in France during the COVID-19 pandemic and found that although there was a slight decrease in anxiety, depression, and stress between the first lockdown (T1) and 1 month after it ended (T2), the prevalence of suicidal ideation had increased between these periods and 1 in 5 students had probable posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) at T2. These results emphasize the need to explore the long-term consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic. Objectives: To measure the prevalence of mental health symptoms among university students in France 15 months after the first lockdown (T3) and to identify factors associated with outcomes. Design, Setting, and Participants: This cross-sectional study reports data from the third measurement time of the repeated COSAMe survey, which took place from July 21 to August 31, 2021, through an online questionnaire sent to all French university students. Main Outcomes and Measures: The prevalence of suicidal thoughts, PTSD (PTSD Checklist for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders [Fifth Edition] [PCL-5]), stress (Perceived Stress Scale), anxiety (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory), and depression (Beck Depression Inventory) at T3 were gender- and degree-standardized and compared with prevalence rates at T1 and T2. Multivariable logistic regression analyses identified risk factors. Results: A total of 44898 students completed the questionnaires. They were mainly women (31728 [70.7%]), and the median (IQR) age was 19 (18-21) years. Standardized prevalence rates of stress, anxiety, depression, suicidal thoughts, and PTSD were 20.6% (95% CI, 20.2%-21.0%), 23.7% (95% CI, 23.3%-24.1%), 15.4% (95% CI, 15.1%-15.8%), 13.8% (95% CI, 13.5%-14.2%), and 29.8% (95% CI, 29.4%-30.2%), respectively. Compared with the decreased prevalence rates at T2, there was an increase at T3 for stress (2.5% increase), anxiety (13.9% increase), and depression (22.2% increase). The prevalence of suicidal ideation continued to increase from T1 (10.6%) to T3 (13.8%), and the prevalence of probable PTSD increased from 1 in 5 students to 1 in 3 students between T2 and T3. Female and nonbinary participants; participants without children and living in an urban area; and those with financial difficulties, a chronic condition, psychiatric history, COVID-19 history, social isolation, and low perceived quality of information received were at risk of all poor outcomes at T3 (eg, stress among women: adjusted OR, 2.18; 95% CI, 2.05-2.31; suicidal thoughts among nonbinary respondents: adjusted OR, 5.09; 95% CI, 4.32-5.99; anxiety among students with children: adjusted OR, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.56-0.81; depression among students living in a rural area: adjusted OR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.75-0.85). Conclusions and Relevance: These results suggest severe long-lasting consequences associated with the pandemic on the mental health of students. Prevention and care access should be a priority..},
author = {Wathelet, Marielle and Horn, Mathilde and Creupelandt, Coralie and Fovet, Thomas and Baubet, Thierry and Habran, Enguerrand and Martign{\`{e}}ne, Niels and Vaiva, Guillaume and D'Hondt, Fabien},
doi = {10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.49342},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Wathelet et al. - 2022 - Mental Health Symptoms of University Students 15 Months after the Onset of the COVID-19 Pandemic in France.pdf:pdf},
issn = {25743805},
journal = {JAMA Network Open},
number = {12},
pages = {E2249342},
pmid = {36580328},
title = {{Mental Health Symptoms of University Students 15 Months after the Onset of the COVID-19 Pandemic in France}},
volume = {5},
year = {2022}
}

Importance: The Conséquences de la pandémie de COVID-19 sur la santé mentale des étudiants (COSAMe) survey was conducted among university students in France during the COVID-19 pandemic and found that although there was a slight decrease in anxiety, depression, and stress between the first lockdown (T1) and 1 month after it ended (T2), the prevalence of suicidal ideation had increased between these periods and 1 in 5 students had probable posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) at T2. These results emphasize the need to explore the long-term consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic. Objectives: To measure the prevalence of mental health symptoms among university students in France 15 months after the first lockdown (T3) and to identify factors associated with outcomes. Design, Setting, and Participants: This cross-sectional study reports data from the third measurement time of the repeated COSAMe survey, which took place from July 21 to August 31, 2021, through an online questionnaire sent to all French university students. Main Outcomes and Measures: The prevalence of suicidal thoughts, PTSD (PTSD Checklist for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders [Fifth Edition] [PCL-5]), stress (Perceived Stress Scale), anxiety (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory), and depression (Beck Depression Inventory) at T3 were gender- and degree-standardized and compared with prevalence rates at T1 and T2. Multivariable logistic regression analyses identified risk factors. Results: A total of 44898 students completed the questionnaires. They were mainly women (31728 [70.7%]), and the median (IQR) age was 19 (18-21) years. Standardized prevalence rates of stress, anxiety, depression, suicidal thoughts, and PTSD were 20.6% (95% CI, 20.2%-21.0%), 23.7% (95% CI, 23.3%-24.1%), 15.4% (95% CI, 15.1%-15.8%), 13.8% (95% CI, 13.5%-14.2%), and 29.8% (95% CI, 29.4%-30.2%), respectively. Compared with the decreased prevalence rates at T2, there was an increase at T3 for stress (2.5% increase), anxiety (13.9% increase), and depression (22.2% increase). The prevalence of suicidal ideation continued to increase from T1 (10.6%) to T3 (13.8%), and the prevalence of probable PTSD increased from 1 in 5 students to 1 in 3 students between T2 and T3. Female and nonbinary participants; participants without children and living in an urban area; and those with financial difficulties, a chronic condition, psychiatric history, COVID-19 history, social isolation, and low perceived quality of information received were at risk of all poor outcomes at T3 (eg, stress among women: adjusted OR, 2.18; 95% CI, 2.05-2.31; suicidal thoughts among nonbinary respondents: adjusted OR, 5.09; 95% CI, 4.32-5.99; anxiety among students with children: adjusted OR, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.56-0.81; depression among students living in a rural area: adjusted OR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.75-0.85). Conclusions and Relevance: These results suggest severe long-lasting consequences associated with the pandemic on the mental health of students. Prevention and care access should be a priority..

@article{Wathelet2022a,
abstract = {Introduction: The COVID-19 related quarantine had negative psychological effects among University students. Evidence from previous epidemics suggests that negative psychological effects of quarantine measures can last or even worsen after the quarantine lift. The objective of this study was to assess the evolution of students' mental health and to identify factors associated with mental health outcomes 1 month after the lift of the lockdown. Materials and Methods: This repeated cross-sectional study collected data during the first quarantine in France (T1, N = 68,891) and 1 month after its lift (T2, N = 22,540), through an online questionnaire sent to all French University students. Using cross-sectional data, we estimated prevalence rates of suicidal thoughts, severe anxiety (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, State subscale), depression (Beck Depression Inventory), and stress (Perceived Stress Scale) at T1 and T2. Using longitudinal data (N = 6,346), we identified risk factors of poor mental health outcomes among sociodemographic characteristics, precariousness indicators, health-related data, information on the social environment, and media consumption, adjusting for baseline mental health status. Results: We found lower prevalence rates of severe stress (21.7%), anxiety (22.1%), and depression (13{\textperiodcentered}9%) one month after the quarantine compared to the quarantine period (24.8%, 27.5%, and 16.1%, respectively). The prevalence rate of suicidal thoughts increased from 11.4 to 13.2%. Regardless of the existence of symptoms during quarantine, four factors were systematically associated with poor mental health outcomes 1 month after the quarantine was lifted: female gender, a low feeling of integration before the quarantine period, a low quality of social ties during the quarantine, and a history of psychiatric follow-up. Conclusions: The prevalence rates of severe stress, anxiety, and depression, although being lower than during the first lockdown, remained high after its lift. The prevalence rate of suicidal ideation increased. This stresses the need to consider the enduring psychological impact of the pandemic on students as a critical public health issue.},
author = {Wathelet, Marielle and Vincent, Camille and Fovet, Thomas and Notredame, Charles Edouard and Habran, Enguerrand and Martign{\`{e}}ne, Niels and Baubet, Thierry and Vaiva, Guillaume and D'Hondt, Fabien},
doi = {10.3389/fpsyt.2022.868369},
issn = {16640640},
journal = {Frontiers in Psychiatry},
keywords = {COVID-19,mental health,pandemic (COVID19),quarantine,students},
title = {{Evolution in French University Students' Mental Health One Month After the First COVID-19 Related Quarantine: Results From the COSAMe Survey}},
volume = {13},
year = {2022}
}

Introduction: The COVID-19 related quarantine had negative psychological effects among University students. Evidence from previous epidemics suggests that negative psychological effects of quarantine measures can last or even worsen after the quarantine lift. The objective of this study was to assess the evolution of students' mental health and to identify factors associated with mental health outcomes 1 month after the lift of the lockdown. Materials and Methods: This repeated cross-sectional study collected data during the first quarantine in France (T1, N = 68,891) and 1 month after its lift (T2, N = 22,540), through an online questionnaire sent to all French University students. Using cross-sectional data, we estimated prevalence rates of suicidal thoughts, severe anxiety (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, State subscale), depression (Beck Depression Inventory), and stress (Perceived Stress Scale) at T1 and T2. Using longitudinal data (N = 6,346), we identified risk factors of poor mental health outcomes among sociodemographic characteristics, precariousness indicators, health-related data, information on the social environment, and media consumption, adjusting for baseline mental health status. Results: We found lower prevalence rates of severe stress (21.7%), anxiety (22.1%), and depression (13˙9%) one month after the quarantine compared to the quarantine period (24.8%, 27.5%, and 16.1%, respectively). The prevalence rate of suicidal thoughts increased from 11.4 to 13.2%. Regardless of the existence of symptoms during quarantine, four factors were systematically associated with poor mental health outcomes 1 month after the quarantine was lifted: female gender, a low feeling of integration before the quarantine period, a low quality of social ties during the quarantine, and a history of psychiatric follow-up. Conclusions: The prevalence rates of severe stress, anxiety, and depression, although being lower than during the first lockdown, remained high after its lift. The prevalence rate of suicidal ideation increased. This stresses the need to consider the enduring psychological impact of the pandemic on students as a critical public health issue.

@article{Wauthia2022,
abstract = {Background Cognitive models indicated that social anxiety disorder (SAD) would be caused and maintained by a biased attentional processing of threatening information. This study investigates whether socially anxious children may present impaired attentional engagement and disengagement from negative emotional faces, as well as their underlying event-related potential responses. Methods and findings Fifteen children with high levels of social anxiety (HSA; 9 boys; mean age = 9.99y; SD = 1.14) and twenty low socially anxious children (LSA; 16 boys; mean age = 10.47y; SD = 1.17) participated in a spatial cueing task in which they had to detect targets following neutral/disgusted faces in a valid or invalid location. No group effect was reported on reaction times [p>.05]. However, electrophysiological data showed lower P3a amplitude in HSA children compared with the LSA group when processing facial stimuli. They also reported larger N2 amplitudes for valid-disgusted targets and a larger P3a amplitude for the invalid-disgusted ones. Conclusion In terms of electrophysiological data, our results validated, the hypothesis of attentional disengagement difficulties in SAD children. We also confirm the idea that high levels of social anxiety are associated with cognitive control impairments and have a greater impact on the processing efficiency than on the performance effectiveness.},
author = {Wauthia, Erika and D'Hondt, Fabien and Blekic, Wivine and Lefebvre, Laurent and Ris, Laurence and Rossignol, Mandy},
doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0261172},
issn = {19326203},
journal = {PLoS ONE},
keywords = {Attention},
language = {eng},
number = {1 January 2022},
pages = {e0261172},
pmid = {35030177},
title = {{Neural responses associated with attentional engagement and disengagement from threat in high socially anxious children: Evidence from temporal-spatial PCA}},
volume = {17},
year = {2022}
}

Background Cognitive models indicated that social anxiety disorder (SAD) would be caused and maintained by a biased attentional processing of threatening information. This study investigates whether socially anxious children may present impaired attentional engagement and disengagement from negative emotional faces, as well as their underlying event-related potential responses. Methods and findings Fifteen children with high levels of social anxiety (HSA; 9 boys; mean age = 9.99y; SD = 1.14) and twenty low socially anxious children (LSA; 16 boys; mean age = 10.47y; SD = 1.17) participated in a spatial cueing task in which they had to detect targets following neutral/disgusted faces in a valid or invalid location. No group effect was reported on reaction times [p>.05]. However, electrophysiological data showed lower P3a amplitude in HSA children compared with the LSA group when processing facial stimuli. They also reported larger N2 amplitudes for valid-disgusted targets and a larger P3a amplitude for the invalid-disgusted ones. Conclusion In terms of electrophysiological data, our results validated, the hypothesis of attentional disengagement difficulties in SAD children. We also confirm the idea that high levels of social anxiety are associated with cognitive control impairments and have a greater impact on the processing efficiency than on the performance effectiveness.

@article{Wu2022,
abstract = {Existing multimodal stress/pain recognition approaches generally extract features from different modalities independently and thus ignore cross-modality correlations. This paper proposes a novel geometric framework for multimodal stress/pain detection utilizing Symmetric Positive Definite (SPD) matrices as a representation that incorporates the correlation relationship of physiological and behavioural signals from covariance and cross-covariance. Considering the non-linearity of the Riemannian manifold of SPD matrices, well-known machine learning techniques are not suited to classify these matrices. Therefore, a tangent space mapping method is adopted to map the derived SPD matrix sequences to the vector sequences in the tangent space where the LSTM-based network can be applied for classification. The proposed framework has been evaluated on two public multimodal datasets, achieving both the state-of-the-art results for stress and pain detection tasks.},
author = {Wu, Yujin and Daoudi, Mohamed and Amad, Ali and Sparrow, Laurent and D'Hondt, Fabien},
doi = {10.1109/SMC53654.2022.9945260},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Wu et al. - 2022 - Fusion of Physiological and Behavioural Signals on SPD Manifolds with Application to Stress and Pain Detection(2).pdf:pdf},
isbn = {9781665452588},
issn = {1062922X},
journal = {Conference Proceedings - IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics},
keywords = {covariance matrix,multimodal fusion,pain detection,stress detection,symmetric positive definite manifold.},
pages = {2949--2955},
title = {{Fusion of Physiological and Behavioural Signals on SPD Manifolds with Application to Stress and Pain Detection}},
volume = {2022-Octob},
year = {2022}
}

Existing multimodal stress/pain recognition approaches generally extract features from different modalities independently and thus ignore cross-modality correlations. This paper proposes a novel geometric framework for multimodal stress/pain detection utilizing Symmetric Positive Definite (SPD) matrices as a representation that incorporates the correlation relationship of physiological and behavioural signals from covariance and cross-covariance. Considering the non-linearity of the Riemannian manifold of SPD matrices, well-known machine learning techniques are not suited to classify these matrices. Therefore, a tangent space mapping method is adopted to map the derived SPD matrix sequences to the vector sequences in the tangent space where the LSTM-based network can be applied for classification. The proposed framework has been evaluated on two public multimodal datasets, achieving both the state-of-the-art results for stress and pain detection tasks.

@article{Bollen2021a,
abstract = {Rationale: Severe alcohol use disorder (SAUD) is a psychiatric condition linked to cerebral and cognitive consequences. SAUD is notably characterized by an overactivation of the reflexive/reward system when confronted with alcohol-related cues. Such overreactivity generates a preferential allocation of attentional resources toward these cues, labeled as attentional biases (AB). Theoretical assumptions have been made regarding the characteristics of AB and their underlying processes. While often considered as granted, these assumptions remain to be experimentally validated. Aims: We first identify the theoretical assumptions made by previous studies exploring the nature and role of AB. We then discuss the current evidence available to establish their validity. We finally propose research avenues to experimentally test them. Methods: Capitalizing on a narrative review of studies exploring AB in SAUD, the current limits of the behavioral measures used for their evaluation are highlighted as well as the benefits derived from the use of eye-tracking measures to obtain a deeper understanding of their underlying processes. We describe the issues related to the theoretical proposals on AB and propose research avenues to test them. Four experimental axes are proposed, respectively, related to the determination of (a) the genuine nature of the mechanisms underlying AB; (b) their stability over the disease course; (c) their specificity to alcohol-related stimuli and (d) their reflexive or controlled nature. Conclusions: This in-depth exploration of the available knowledge related to AB in SAUD, and of its key limitations, highlights the theoretical and clinical interest of our innovative experimental perspectives capitalizing on eye-tracking measures.},
author = {Bollen, Zo{\'{e}} and D'Hondt, Fabien and Dormal, Val{\'{e}}rie and Lannoy, S{\'{e}}verine and Masson, Nicolas and Maurage, Pierre},
doi = {10.1093/alcalc/agaa062},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Bollen et al. - 2021 - Understanding Attentional Biases in Severe Alcohol Use Disorder A Combined Behavioral and Eye-Tracking Perspectiv.pdf:pdf},
issn = {14643502},
journal = {Alcohol and Alcoholism},
language = {eng},
month = {jan},
number = {1},
pages = {1--7},
pmid = {32839821},
title = {{Understanding attentional biases in severe alcohol use disorder: A combined behavioral and eye-tracking perspective}},
volume = {56},
year = {2021}
}

Rationale: Severe alcohol use disorder (SAUD) is a psychiatric condition linked to cerebral and cognitive consequences. SAUD is notably characterized by an overactivation of the reflexive/reward system when confronted with alcohol-related cues. Such overreactivity generates a preferential allocation of attentional resources toward these cues, labeled as attentional biases (AB). Theoretical assumptions have been made regarding the characteristics of AB and their underlying processes. While often considered as granted, these assumptions remain to be experimentally validated. Aims: We first identify the theoretical assumptions made by previous studies exploring the nature and role of AB. We then discuss the current evidence available to establish their validity. We finally propose research avenues to experimentally test them. Methods: Capitalizing on a narrative review of studies exploring AB in SAUD, the current limits of the behavioral measures used for their evaluation are highlighted as well as the benefits derived from the use of eye-tracking measures to obtain a deeper understanding of their underlying processes. We describe the issues related to the theoretical proposals on AB and propose research avenues to test them. Four experimental axes are proposed, respectively, related to the determination of (a) the genuine nature of the mechanisms underlying AB; (b) their stability over the disease course; (c) their specificity to alcohol-related stimuli and (d) their reflexive or controlled nature. Conclusions: This in-depth exploration of the available knowledge related to AB in SAUD, and of its key limitations, highlights the theoretical and clinical interest of our innovative experimental perspectives capitalizing on eye-tracking measures.

@article{Bollen2021,
abstract = {Background: Dominant theoretical models consider that attentional biases (AB) towards alcohol-related stimuli play a key role in the development and maintenance of alcohol use disorder (AUD). Their assessment has however showed high inconsistencies and has been mostly based on unreliable behavioral measures. This study evaluated the presence and extent of alcohol-related AB in recently detoxified inpatients with severe AUD by combining the visual probe task (VPT) paradigm with eye-tracking measures, known to improve the VPT reliability in subclinical populations. Methods: We recruited 24 patients and 27 matched healthy controls. They performed the VPT (measuring reaction time when processing visual targets preceded by alcoholic and matched non-alcoholic pictures) combined with eye-tracking measures (dwell time, first fixation direction/duration, second fixation direction) during two sessions. Estimates of internal consistency, split-half reliability, and test-retest reliability were measured. Results: Patients showed shorter dwell time for alcohol cues (p = .004, d=.853) and reduced number of fixations towards alcohol after a first fixation on non-alcohol cues (p = .012, d=.758) compared to controls. These findings suggest the presence of alcohol-related avoidance AB in detoxified patients with severe AUD. The VPT achieved excellent reliability for these eye-tracking measures. Reaction times and first fixation measures did not indicate any AB pattern and showed poor reliability. Conclusions: The VPT, when combined with dwell time and second fixation direction, constitutes a reliable method for assessing AB in detoxified patients. It showed the presence of an alcohol-related avoidance bias in this clinical population, in contradiction with the approach bias predicted by theoretical models.},
author = {Bollen, Zo{\'{e}} and Pabst, Arthur and Masson, Nicolas and Billaux, Pauline and D'Hondt, Fabien and Deleuze, Jory and {De Longueville}, Xavier and Lambot, Carine and Maurage, Pierre},
doi = {10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.108803},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Bollen et al. - 2021 - Alcohol-related attentional biases in recently detoxified inpatients with severe alcohol use disorder an eye-trac.pdf:pdf},
issn = {18790046},
journal = {Drug and Alcohol Dependence},
keywords = {Alcohol consumption,Alcohol use disorder,Attentional bias,Eye-tracking,Visual probe task},
language = {eng},
month = {aug},
pages = {108803},
pmid = {34182378},
title = {{Alcohol-related attentional biases in recently detoxified inpatients with severe alcohol use disorder: an eye-tracking approach}},
url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0376871621002982},
volume = {225},
year = {2021}
}

Background: Dominant theoretical models consider that attentional biases (AB) towards alcohol-related stimuli play a key role in the development and maintenance of alcohol use disorder (AUD). Their assessment has however showed high inconsistencies and has been mostly based on unreliable behavioral measures. This study evaluated the presence and extent of alcohol-related AB in recently detoxified inpatients with severe AUD by combining the visual probe task (VPT) paradigm with eye-tracking measures, known to improve the VPT reliability in subclinical populations. Methods: We recruited 24 patients and 27 matched healthy controls. They performed the VPT (measuring reaction time when processing visual targets preceded by alcoholic and matched non-alcoholic pictures) combined with eye-tracking measures (dwell time, first fixation direction/duration, second fixation direction) during two sessions. Estimates of internal consistency, split-half reliability, and test-retest reliability were measured. Results: Patients showed shorter dwell time for alcohol cues (p = .004, d=.853) and reduced number of fixations towards alcohol after a first fixation on non-alcohol cues (p = .012, d=.758) compared to controls. These findings suggest the presence of alcohol-related avoidance AB in detoxified patients with severe AUD. The VPT achieved excellent reliability for these eye-tracking measures. Reaction times and first fixation measures did not indicate any AB pattern and showed poor reliability. Conclusions: The VPT, when combined with dwell time and second fixation direction, constitutes a reliable method for assessing AB in detoxified patients. It showed the presence of an alcohol-related avoidance bias in this clinical population, in contradiction with the approach bias predicted by theoretical models.

@article{Creupelandt2021,
abstract = {Visuoperceptive deficits are frequently reported in severe alcohol use disorder (SAUD) and are considered as pervasive and persistent in time. While this topic of investigation has previously driven researchers' interest, far fewer studies have focused on visuoperception in SAUD since the ‘90s, leaving open central questions regarding the origin and implications of these deficits. To renew research in the field and provide a solid background to work upon, this paper reviews the neural correlates of visuoperception in SAUD, based on data from neuroimaging and electrophysiological studies. Results reveal structural and functional changes within the visual system but also in the connections between occipital and frontal areas. We highlight the lack of integration of these findings in the dominant models of vision which stress the dynamic nature of the visual system and consider the presence of both bottom-up and top-down cerebral mechanisms. Visuoperceptive changes are also discussed in the framework of long-lasting debates regarding the influence of demographic and alcohol-related factors, together stressing the presence of inter-individual differences. Capitalizing on this review, we provide guidelines to inform future research, and ultimately improve clinical care.},
author = {Creupelandt, Coralie and D'Hondt, Fabien and Maurage, Pierre},
doi = {10.1002/jnr.24799},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Creupelandt, D'Hondt, Maurage - 2021 - Neural correlates of visuoperceptive changes in severe alcohol use disorder A critical review of.pdf:pdf},
issn = {10974547},
journal = {Journal of Neuroscience Research},
keywords = {,alcohol use disorder,electrophysiology,neuroimaging,vision,visuospatial},
language = {eng},
month = {feb},
number = {5},
pages = {1253--1275},
pmid = {33550638},
title = {{Neural correlates of visuoperceptive changes in severe alcohol use disorder: A critical review of neuroimaging and electrophysiological findings}},
volume = {99},
year = {2021}
}

Visuoperceptive deficits are frequently reported in severe alcohol use disorder (SAUD) and are considered as pervasive and persistent in time. While this topic of investigation has previously driven researchers' interest, far fewer studies have focused on visuoperception in SAUD since the ‘90s, leaving open central questions regarding the origin and implications of these deficits. To renew research in the field and provide a solid background to work upon, this paper reviews the neural correlates of visuoperception in SAUD, based on data from neuroimaging and electrophysiological studies. Results reveal structural and functional changes within the visual system but also in the connections between occipital and frontal areas. We highlight the lack of integration of these findings in the dominant models of vision which stress the dynamic nature of the visual system and consider the presence of both bottom-up and top-down cerebral mechanisms. Visuoperceptive changes are also discussed in the framework of long-lasting debates regarding the influence of demographic and alcohol-related factors, together stressing the presence of inter-individual differences. Capitalizing on this review, we provide guidelines to inform future research, and ultimately improve clinical care.

@article{Creupelandt2021b,
abstract = {The present literature review is aimed at offering a comprehensive and critical view of behavioral data collected during the past seventy years concerning visuoperception in severe alcohol use disorders (AUD). To pave the way for a renewal of research and clinical approaches in this very little understood field, this paper (1) provides a critical review of previous behavioral studies exploring visuoperceptive processing in severe AUD, (2) identifies the alcohol-related parameters and demographic factors that influence the deficits, and (3) addresses the limitations of this literature and their implications for current clinical strategies. By doing so, this review highlights the presence of visuoperceptive deficits but also shows how the lack of in-depth studies exploring the visual system in this clinical population results in the current absence of integration of these deficits in the dominant models of vision. Given the predominance of vision in everyday life, we stress the need to better delineate the extent, the specificity, and the actual implications of the deficits for severe AUD.},
author = {Creupelandt, Coralie and Maurage, Pierre and DˈHondt, Fabien and D'Hondt, Fabien},
doi = {10.1007/s11065-020-09469-x},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Creupelandt, Maurage, DˈHondt - 2021 - Visuoperceptive Impairments in Severe Alcohol Use Disorder A Critical Review of Behavioral Stu(2).pdf:pdf},
isbn = {0123456789},
issn = {15736660},
journal = {Neuropsychology Review},
keywords = {,Alcohol-dependence,Vision,Visual perception,Visuospatial},
number = {3},
pages = {361--384},
pmid = {33591477},
title = {{Visuoperceptive Impairments in Severe Alcohol Use Disorder: A Critical Review of Behavioral Studies}},
volume = {31},
year = {2021}
}

The present literature review is aimed at offering a comprehensive and critical view of behavioral data collected during the past seventy years concerning visuoperception in severe alcohol use disorders (AUD). To pave the way for a renewal of research and clinical approaches in this very little understood field, this paper (1) provides a critical review of previous behavioral studies exploring visuoperceptive processing in severe AUD, (2) identifies the alcohol-related parameters and demographic factors that influence the deficits, and (3) addresses the limitations of this literature and their implications for current clinical strategies. By doing so, this review highlights the presence of visuoperceptive deficits but also shows how the lack of in-depth studies exploring the visual system in this clinical population results in the current absence of integration of these deficits in the dominant models of vision. Given the predominance of vision in everyday life, we stress the need to better delineate the extent, the specificity, and the actual implications of the deficits for severe AUD.

@article{Creupelandt2021a,
abstract = {Background: Severe alcohol use disorder (SAUD) is associated with widespread cognitive impairments, including low-level visual processing deficits that persist after prolonged abstinence. However, the extent and characteristics of these visual deficits remain largely undetermined, impeding the identification of their underlying mechanisms and influence on higher-order processing. In particular, little work has been conducted to assess the integrity of the magnocellular (MC) and parvocellular (PC) visual pathways, namely the 2 main visual streams that convey information from the retina up to striate, extrastriate, and dorsal/ventral cerebral regions. Methods: We investigated achromatic luminance contrast processing mediated by inferred MC and PC pathways in 33 patients with SAUD and 32 matched healthy controls using 2 psychophysical pedestal contrast discrimination tasks that promote responses of inferred MC or PC pathways. We relied on a staircase procedure to assess participants' ability to detect small changes in luminance within an array of 4 gray squares that were either continuously presented (steady pedestal, MC-biased) or briefly flashed (pulsed pedestal, PC-biased). Results: We replicated the expected pattern of MC and PC contrast responses in healthy controls. We found preserved dissociation of MC and PC contrast signatures in SAUD but higher MC-mediated mean contrast discrimination thresholds combined with a steeper PC-mediated contrast discrimination slope compared with healthy controls. Conclusion: These findings indicate altered MC-mediated contrast sensitivity and PC-mediated contrast gain, confirming the presence of early sensory disturbances in individuals with SAUD. Such low-level deficits, while usually overlooked, might influence higher-order abilities (e.g., memory, executive functions) in SAUD by disturbing the “coarse-to-fine” tuning of the visual system, which relies on the distinct functional properties of MC and PC pathways and ensures proper and efficient monitoring of the environment.},
author = {Creupelandt, Coralie and Maurage, Pierre and Lenoble, Quentin and Lambot, Carine and Geus, Christophe and D'Hondt, Fabien},
doi = {10.1111/acer.14541},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Creupelandt et al. - 2021 - Magnocellular and Parvocellular Mediated Luminance Contrast Discrimination in Severe Alcohol Use Disorder.pdf:pdf;:C\:/Users/fabie/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Creupelandt et al. - 2021 - Magnocellular and Parvocellular Mediated Luminance Contrast Discrimination in Severe Alcohol Use Disorder(2).pdf:pdf},
issn = {15300277},
journal = {Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research},
keywords = {Alcohol Use Disorder,Magnocellular,Parvocellular,Vision,Visual Pathways},
language = {eng},
month = {feb},
number = {2},
pages = {375--385},
pmid = {33349930},
title = {{Magnocellular and Parvocellular Mediated Luminance Contrast Discrimination in Severe Alcohol Use Disorder}},
volume = {45},
year = {2021}
}

Background: Severe alcohol use disorder (SAUD) is associated with widespread cognitive impairments, including low-level visual processing deficits that persist after prolonged abstinence. However, the extent and characteristics of these visual deficits remain largely undetermined, impeding the identification of their underlying mechanisms and influence on higher-order processing. In particular, little work has been conducted to assess the integrity of the magnocellular (MC) and parvocellular (PC) visual pathways, namely the 2 main visual streams that convey information from the retina up to striate, extrastriate, and dorsal/ventral cerebral regions. Methods: We investigated achromatic luminance contrast processing mediated by inferred MC and PC pathways in 33 patients with SAUD and 32 matched healthy controls using 2 psychophysical pedestal contrast discrimination tasks that promote responses of inferred MC or PC pathways. We relied on a staircase procedure to assess participants' ability to detect small changes in luminance within an array of 4 gray squares that were either continuously presented (steady pedestal, MC-biased) or briefly flashed (pulsed pedestal, PC-biased). Results: We replicated the expected pattern of MC and PC contrast responses in healthy controls. We found preserved dissociation of MC and PC contrast signatures in SAUD but higher MC-mediated mean contrast discrimination thresholds combined with a steeper PC-mediated contrast discrimination slope compared with healthy controls. Conclusion: These findings indicate altered MC-mediated contrast sensitivity and PC-mediated contrast gain, confirming the presence of early sensory disturbances in individuals with SAUD. Such low-level deficits, while usually overlooked, might influence higher-order abilities (e.g., memory, executive functions) in SAUD by disturbing the “coarse-to-fine” tuning of the visual system, which relies on the distinct functional properties of MC and PC pathways and ensures proper and efficient monitoring of the environment.

@article{Delor2021,
abstract = {This study investigates how asymmetry, expressed emotion, and sex of the expresser impact the perception of emotional facial expressions (EFEs) in terms of perceived genuineness. Thirty-five undergraduate women completed a task using chimeric stimuli with artificial human faces. They were required to judge whether the expressed emotion was genuinely felt. The results revealed that (a) symmetrical faces are judged as more genuine than asymmetrical faces and (b) EFEs' decoding is modulated by complex interplays between emotion and sex of the expresser.},
author = {Delor, B{\'{e}}r{\'{e}}nice and D'Hondt, Fabien and Philippot, Pierre},
doi = {10.3389/fpsyg.2021.727446},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Delor, D'Hondt, Philippot - 2021 - The Influence of Facial Asymmetry on Genuineness Judgment.pdf:pdf},
issn = {16641078},
journal = {Frontiers in Psychology},
keywords = {decoding,emotional facial expression,facial asymmetry,facial expression,genuineness},
language = {eng},
pages = {727446},
pmid = {34899469},
title = {{The Influence of Facial Asymmetry on Genuineness Judgment}},
volume = {12},
year = {2021}
}

This study investigates how asymmetry, expressed emotion, and sex of the expresser impact the perception of emotional facial expressions (EFEs) in terms of perceived genuineness. Thirty-five undergraduate women completed a task using chimeric stimuli with artificial human faces. They were required to judge whether the expressed emotion was genuinely felt. The results revealed that (a) symmetrical faces are judged as more genuine than asymmetrical faces and (b) EFEs' decoding is modulated by complex interplays between emotion and sex of the expresser.

@article{Horn2021a,
author = {Horn, Mathilde and Fovet, Thomas and Vaiva, Guillaume and D'Hondt, Fabien and Amad, Ali},
doi = {10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2021.06.007},
issn = {18737714},
journal = {General Hospital Psychiatry},
keywords = {COVID-19,Consultation-liaison psychiatry,Mental health,Somatic symptom disorders},
language = {eng},
pages = {149--150},
pmid = {34215435},
title = {{Somatic symptom disorders and long COVID: A critical but overlooked topic}},
volume = {72},
year = {2021}
}

@article{Horn2021c,
abstract = {OBJECTIVE To assess the prevalence of and risk factors for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in patients with COVID-19. METHODS We conducted a cohort study between March and May 2020 at the Lille University Hospital (France), including all patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19. Psychological distress symptoms were measured 3 weeks after onset of COVID-19 symptoms using the Impact of Event Scale-6 items (IES-6). The evaluation of PTSD symptoms using the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5) took place 1 month later. Bivariate analyses were performed to analyze the relationship between PCL-5 scores and the demographic and health variables. The significant variables were then introduced into a multivariable linear regression analysis to establish their relative contributions to the severity of PTSD symptoms. RESULTS 180 patients were included in this study, and 138 patients completed the 2 evaluations. Among the 180 patients, 70.4% patients required hospitalization, and 30.7% were admitted to the intensive care unit. The prevalence of PTSD was 6.5%, and the predictive factors of PTSD included psychological distress at the onset of the illness and a stay in an intensive care unit. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of PTSD in patients with COVID-19 is not as high as that reported among patients during previous epidemics. Initial psychological responses were predictive of a PTSD diagnosis, even though most patients showing acute psychological distress (33.5% of the sample) improved in the following weeks. PTSD symptoms also increased following a stay in an intensive care unit. Future studies should assess the long-term consequences of COVID-19 on patients' mental health.},
author = {Horn, Mathilde and Wathelet, Marielle and Fovet, Thomas and Amad, Ali and Vuotto, Fanny and Faure, Karine and Astier, Thibault and No{\"{e}}l, H{\'{e}}l{\`{e}}ne and Henry, Margot and Duhem, St{\'{e}}phane and Vaiva, Guillaume and D'Hondt, Fabien and D'Hondt, Fabien and D'Hondt, Fabien},
doi = {10.4088/JCP.20M13641},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Horn et al. - 2020 - Is COVID-19 Associated With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder.pdf:pdf},
issn = {15552101},
journal = {The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry},
keywords = {,80 and over,Acute Disease,Adult,Aged,COVID-19,Female,Follow-Up Studies,France,Hospitalization,Humans,Intensive Care Units,Male,Middle Aged,Post-Traumatic,Prevalence,Psychological Distress,Severity of Illness Index,Stress Disorders,complications,diagnosis,epidemiology,etiology,psychology,statistics & numerical data,therapy},
language = {eng},
month = {dec},
number = {1},
pages = {1--5},
pmid = {33296149},
title = {{Is COVID-19 Associated With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder?}},
volume = {82},
year = {2021}
}

OBJECTIVE To assess the prevalence of and risk factors for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in patients with COVID-19. METHODS We conducted a cohort study between March and May 2020 at the Lille University Hospital (France), including all patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19. Psychological distress symptoms were measured 3 weeks after onset of COVID-19 symptoms using the Impact of Event Scale-6 items (IES-6). The evaluation of PTSD symptoms using the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5) took place 1 month later. Bivariate analyses were performed to analyze the relationship between PCL-5 scores and the demographic and health variables. The significant variables were then introduced into a multivariable linear regression analysis to establish their relative contributions to the severity of PTSD symptoms. RESULTS 180 patients were included in this study, and 138 patients completed the 2 evaluations. Among the 180 patients, 70.4% patients required hospitalization, and 30.7% were admitted to the intensive care unit. The prevalence of PTSD was 6.5%, and the predictive factors of PTSD included psychological distress at the onset of the illness and a stay in an intensive care unit. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of PTSD in patients with COVID-19 is not as high as that reported among patients during previous epidemics. Initial psychological responses were predictive of a PTSD diagnosis, even though most patients showing acute psychological distress (33.5% of the sample) improved in the following weeks. PTSD symptoms also increased following a stay in an intensive care unit. Future studies should assess the long-term consequences of COVID-19 on patients' mental health.

@article{Horn2021e,
author = {Horn, Mathilde and Wathelet, Marielle and Fovet, Thomas and Collet, Fran{\c{c}}ois and Vaiva, Guillaume and D'Hondt, Fabien and Amad, Ali},
doi = {10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2021.01.013},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Horn et al. - 2021 - Psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on non-frontline healthcare workers(2).pdf:pdf;:C\:/Users/fabie/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Horn et al. - 2021 - Psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on non-frontline healthcare workers.pdf:pdf},
issn = {18737714},
journal = {General Hospital Psychiatry},
keywords = {,COVID-19,Consultation-liaison psychiatry,Health-care worker,Mental health},
language = {eng},
month = {feb},
number = {January},
pages = {143--144},
pmid = {33637353},
publisher = {Elsevier Inc.},
title = {{Psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on non-frontline healthcare workers}},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2021.01.013},
volume = {72},
year = {2021}
}

@article{Leroy2021,
abstract = {Background The COVID-19 pandemic has raised concerns regarding its psychological effect on university students, especially healthcare students. We aimed at assessing the risk of mental health problems according to the type of university studies, by adjusting for potential confounders. Methods We used data from the COSAMe study, a national cross-sectional survey including 69,054 French university students during the first quarantine. The mental health outcomes evaluated were suicidal thoughts, severe self-reported distress (as assessed by the Impact of Events Scale–Revised), stress (Perceived Stress Scale), anxiety (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, State subscale), and depression (Beck Depression Inventory). Multivariable logistic regression analyzes were performed to test the association between the type of university studies (healthcare studies: medical and non-medical, and non-healthcare studies) and poor mental health outcomes, adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics, precariousness indicators, health-related data, quality of social relationships, and data about media consumption. Results Compared to non-healthcare students (N = 59,404), non-medical healthcare (N = 5,431) and medical students (N = 4,193) showed a lower risk of presenting at least one poor mental health outcome (adjusted OR [95%CI] = 0.86[0.81–0.92] and 0.87[0.81–0.93], respectively). Compared to non-healthcare students, medical students were at lower risk of suicidal thoughts (0.83[0.74–0.93]), severe self-reported distress (0.75[0.69–0.82]) and depression (0.83[0.75–0.92]). Non-medical healthcare students were at lower risk of severe selfreported distress (0.79[0.73–0.85]), stress (0.92[0.85–0.98]), depression (0.83[0.76–0.91]), and anxiety (0.86[0.80–0.92]). Limitations This is a large but not representative cross-sectional study, limited to the first confinement. Conclusions Being a healthcare student is a protective factor for mental health problems among confined students. Mediating factors still need to be explored.},
author = {Leroy, Arnaud and Wathelet, Marielle and Fovet, Thomas and Habran, Enguerrand and Granon, Beno{\^{i}}t and Martign{\`{e}}ne, Niels and Amad, Ali and Notredame, Charles Edouard and Vaiva, Guillaume and D'Hondt, Fabien},
doi = {10.1016/j.jadr.2021.100260},
issn = {26669153},
journal = {Journal of Affective Disorders Reports},
keywords = {Anxiety,COVID-19,Depression,Healthcare students,Medical students},
language = {eng},
month = {dec},
pages = {100260},
pmid = {34746911},
title = {{Mental health among medical, healthcare, and other university students during the first COVID-19 lockdown in France}},
volume = {6},
year = {2021}
}

Background The COVID-19 pandemic has raised concerns regarding its psychological effect on university students, especially healthcare students. We aimed at assessing the risk of mental health problems according to the type of university studies, by adjusting for potential confounders. Methods We used data from the COSAMe study, a national cross-sectional survey including 69,054 French university students during the first quarantine. The mental health outcomes evaluated were suicidal thoughts, severe self-reported distress (as assessed by the Impact of Events Scale–Revised), stress (Perceived Stress Scale), anxiety (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, State subscale), and depression (Beck Depression Inventory). Multivariable logistic regression analyzes were performed to test the association between the type of university studies (healthcare studies: medical and non-medical, and non-healthcare studies) and poor mental health outcomes, adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics, precariousness indicators, health-related data, quality of social relationships, and data about media consumption. Results Compared to non-healthcare students (N = 59,404), non-medical healthcare (N = 5,431) and medical students (N = 4,193) showed a lower risk of presenting at least one poor mental health outcome (adjusted OR [95%CI] = 0.86[0.81–0.92] and 0.87[0.81–0.93], respectively). Compared to non-healthcare students, medical students were at lower risk of suicidal thoughts (0.83[0.74–0.93]), severe self-reported distress (0.75[0.69–0.82]) and depression (0.83[0.75–0.92]). Non-medical healthcare students were at lower risk of severe selfreported distress (0.79[0.73–0.85]), stress (0.92[0.85–0.98]), depression (0.83[0.76–0.91]), and anxiety (0.86[0.80–0.92]). Limitations This is a large but not representative cross-sectional study, limited to the first confinement. Conclusions Being a healthcare student is a protective factor for mental health problems among confined students. Mediating factors still need to be explored.

@article{Maurage2021,
abstract = {Acute alcohol intoxication and alcohol use disorders are characterized by a wide range of psychological and cerebral impairments, which have been widely explored using neuropsychological and neuroscientific techniques. Eye tracking has recently emerged as an innovative tool to renew this exploration, as eye movements offer complementary information on the processes underlying perceptive, attentional, memory or executive abilities. Building on this, the present systematic and critical literature review provides a comprehensive overview of eye tracking studies exploring cognitive and affective processes among alcohol drinkers. Using PRISMA guidelines, 36 papers that measured eye movements among alcohol drinkers were extracted from three databases (PsycINFO, PubMed, Scopus). They were assessed for methodological quality using a standardized procedure, and categorized based on the main cognitive function measured, namely perceptive abilities, attentional bias, executive function, emotion and prevention/intervention. Eye tracking indexes showed that alcohol-related disorders are related to: (1) a stable pattern of basic eye movement impairments, particularly during alcohol intoxication; (2) a robust attentional bias, indexed by increased dwell times for alcohol-related stimuli; (3) a reduced inhibitory control on saccadic movements; (4) an increased pupillary reactivity to visual stimuli, regardless of their emotional content; (5) a limited visual attention to prevention messages. Perspectives for future research are proposed, notably encouraging the exploration of eye movements in severe alcohol use disorders and the establishment of methodological gold standards for eye tracking measures in this field.},
author = {Maurage, Pierre and Bollen, Zo{\'{e}} and Masson, Nicolas and D'Hondt, Fabien},
doi = {10.1007/s11065-020-09458-0},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Maurage et al. - 2021 - Eye tracking studies exploring cognitive and affective processes among alcohol drinkers A systematic review and.pdf:pdf},
issn = {15736660},
journal = {Neuropsychology Review},
keywords = {Alcohol,Alcohol use disorders,Attentional bias,Eye movements,Eye tracking,Heavy drinking,Visual attention},
language = {eng},
month = {mar},
number = {1},
pages = {167--201},
pmid = {33099714},
title = {{Eye Tracking Studies Exploring Cognitive and Affective Processes among Alcohol Drinkers: a Systematic Review and Perspectives}},
volume = {31},
year = {2021}
}

Acute alcohol intoxication and alcohol use disorders are characterized by a wide range of psychological and cerebral impairments, which have been widely explored using neuropsychological and neuroscientific techniques. Eye tracking has recently emerged as an innovative tool to renew this exploration, as eye movements offer complementary information on the processes underlying perceptive, attentional, memory or executive abilities. Building on this, the present systematic and critical literature review provides a comprehensive overview of eye tracking studies exploring cognitive and affective processes among alcohol drinkers. Using PRISMA guidelines, 36 papers that measured eye movements among alcohol drinkers were extracted from three databases (PsycINFO, PubMed, Scopus). They were assessed for methodological quality using a standardized procedure, and categorized based on the main cognitive function measured, namely perceptive abilities, attentional bias, executive function, emotion and prevention/intervention. Eye tracking indexes showed that alcohol-related disorders are related to: (1) a stable pattern of basic eye movement impairments, particularly during alcohol intoxication; (2) a robust attentional bias, indexed by increased dwell times for alcohol-related stimuli; (3) a reduced inhibitory control on saccadic movements; (4) an increased pupillary reactivity to visual stimuli, regardless of their emotional content; (5) a limited visual attention to prevention messages. Perspectives for future research are proposed, notably encouraging the exploration of eye movements in severe alcohol use disorders and the establishment of methodological gold standards for eye tracking measures in this field.

@article{Maurage2021a,
abstract = {Background: Severe alcohol use disorder (SAUD) is associated with social cognition deficits. Patients with SAUD are impaired for the recognition of emotional facial expressions, particularly at early stages of abstinence. These deficits damage interpersonal relations and increase relapse risk. However, uncertainties still abound on their variation across emotions and on the heterogeneity of emotional impairments across patients. We addressed these questions by exploring how the deficit varies according to emotions' type/intensity and patients' heterogeneity. Methods: Sixty-five recently detoxified patients with SAUD and 65 matched healthy controls performed the Facial Emotion Recognition Test, assessing the ability to identify six emotions (anger, contempt, disgust, fear, happiness, sadness) displayed by morphed faces with various intensities. Accuracy scores and detection thresholds were collected for each emotion. Beyond group comparisons, multiple single-case analyses determined the percentage of patients presenting decoding deficits for each emotion. Results: When current depression and anxiety symptoms were controlled for, patients did not present a general emotion decoding deficit, but were rather characterized by specific deficits for disgust/contempt in accuracy, and for disgust in detection threshold scores. Single-case analyses showed that only a third of patients presented a clinically significant emotional deficit. Conclusions: Patients with SAUD only present emotional decoding deficits for specific interpersonal emotions (disgust/contempt) when subclinical psychopathological states are controlled for, and show no general emotional impairment. This goes against the proposal of a generalized social cognition deficit in this population. This group effect moreover masks a massive heterogeneity across patients, which has implications at experimental and clinical levels.},
author = {Maurage, Pierre and Pabst, Arthur and Lannoy, S{\'{e}}verine and D'Hondt, Fabien and de Timary, Philippe and Gaudelus, Baptiste and Peyroux, Elodie},
doi = {10.1016/j.jad.2020.10.022},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Maurage et al. - 2021 - Tackling heterogeneity Individual variability of emotion decoding deficits in severe alcohol use disorder.pdf:pdf;:C\:/Users/fabie/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Maurage et al. - 2021 - Tackling heterogeneity Individual variability of emotion decoding deficits in severe alcohol use disorder(2).pdf:pdf},
issn = {15732517},
journal = {Journal of Affective Disorders},
keywords = {Alcohol-dependence,Emotion recognition,Social cognition},
language = {eng},
month = {jan},
pages = {299--307},
pmid = {33096328},
title = {{Tackling heterogeneity: Individual variability of emotion decoding deficits in severe alcohol use disorder}},
volume = {279},
year = {2021}
}

Background: Severe alcohol use disorder (SAUD) is associated with social cognition deficits. Patients with SAUD are impaired for the recognition of emotional facial expressions, particularly at early stages of abstinence. These deficits damage interpersonal relations and increase relapse risk. However, uncertainties still abound on their variation across emotions and on the heterogeneity of emotional impairments across patients. We addressed these questions by exploring how the deficit varies according to emotions' type/intensity and patients' heterogeneity. Methods: Sixty-five recently detoxified patients with SAUD and 65 matched healthy controls performed the Facial Emotion Recognition Test, assessing the ability to identify six emotions (anger, contempt, disgust, fear, happiness, sadness) displayed by morphed faces with various intensities. Accuracy scores and detection thresholds were collected for each emotion. Beyond group comparisons, multiple single-case analyses determined the percentage of patients presenting decoding deficits for each emotion. Results: When current depression and anxiety symptoms were controlled for, patients did not present a general emotion decoding deficit, but were rather characterized by specific deficits for disgust/contempt in accuracy, and for disgust in detection threshold scores. Single-case analyses showed that only a third of patients presented a clinically significant emotional deficit. Conclusions: Patients with SAUD only present emotional decoding deficits for specific interpersonal emotions (disgust/contempt) when subclinical psychopathological states are controlled for, and show no general emotional impairment. This goes against the proposal of a generalized social cognition deficit in this population. This group effect moreover masks a massive heterogeneity across patients, which has implications at experimental and clinical levels.

@article{Pierre2020,
author = {Pierre, Maurage and Villepoux, Alice and D'Hondt, Fabien and Rolland, Benjamin and Georges, Brousse and Peyroux, Elodie},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Pierre et al. - 2021 - Alt{\'{e}}rations de la cognition sociale dans les troubles s{\'{e}}v{\`{e}}res de l'usage d'alcool.pdf:pdf},
journal = {Alcoologie et Addictologie},
title = {{Alt{\'{e}}rations de la cognition sociale dans les troubles s{\'{e}}v{\`{e}}res de l'usage d'alcool}},
year = {2021}
}

@misc{Wathelet2021a,
abstract = {Many studies have reported negative outcomes of the COVID‐19 pandemic on people's  mental health. Notably, high prevalence rates of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms have been described in healthcare workers (26.9% [20.3%‐33.,6%]), individuals with COVID‐19 (23.8% [16.6%‐31.0%]) and in the general population (19.3% [15.3%‐23.2%]) (1).},
author = {Wathelet, Marielle and D'Hondt, Fabien and Bui, Eric and Vaiva, Guillaume and Fovet, Thomas},
booktitle = {Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica},
doi = {10.1111/acps.13336},
issn = {16000447},
keywords = {COVID-19,Humans,SARS-CoV-2,Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic},
language = {eng},
month = {sep},
number = {3},
pages = {310--311},
pmid = {34107060},
title = {{Posttraumatic stress disorder in time of COVID-19: Trauma or not trauma, is that the question?}},
volume = {144},
year = {2021}
}

Many studies have reported negative outcomes of the COVID‐19 pandemic on people's mental health. Notably, high prevalence rates of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms have been described in healthcare workers (26.9% [20.3%‐33.,6%]), individuals with COVID‐19 (23.8% [16.6%‐31.0%]) and in the general population (19.3% [15.3%‐23.2%]) (1).

@article{Wathelet2021,
abstract = {The COVID-19 pandemic and quarantine measures have sparked debate regarding their traumatic nature. This cross-sectional study reports the prevalence rate of probable post-traumatic stress syndrome (PTSD) and associated factors among French university students. A total of 22,883 students completed the online questionnaire. The prevalence rate of probable PTSD, assessed using the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5, was 19.5% [19.0–20.0]. Female (1.32 [1.21–1.45]) or non-binary gender (1.76 [1.35–2.31]), exposure to a non-COVID-19-related traumatic event (3.37 [3.08–3.67]), having lived through quarantine alone (1.22 [1.09–1.37]), poor quality of social ties (2.38 [2.15–2.62]), loss of income (1.20 [1.09–1.31]), poor quality housing (1.90 [1.59–2.26]), low-quality of the information received (1.50 [1.35–1.66]) and a high level of exposure to COVID-19 (from 1.38 [1.24–1.54] to 10.82 [2.33–76.57] depending on the score) were associated with PTSD. Quarantine was considered potentially traumatic by 78.8% of the students with probable PTSD. These findings suggest the pandemic context and lockdown measures could have post-traumatic consequences, stimulating debate on the nosography of PTSD.},
author = {Wathelet, Marielle and Fovet, Thomas and Jousset, Am{\'{e}}liane and Duhem, St{\'{e}}phane and Habran, Enguerrand and Horn, Mathilde and Debien, Christophe and Notredame, Charles Edouard and Baubet, Thierry and Vaiva, Guillaume and D'Hondt, Fabien},
doi = {10.1038/s41398-021-01438-z},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Wathelet et al. - 2021 - Prevalence of and factors associated with post-traumatic stress disorder among French university students one m.pdf:pdf},
issn = {21583188},
journal = {Translational Psychiatry},
keywords = {COVID-19,Communicable Disease Control,Cross-Sectional Studies,Female,Humans,Pandemics,Post-Traumatic,Prevalence,SARS-CoV-2,Stress Disorders,Students,Universities,epidemiology},
language = {eng},
month = {may},
number = {1},
pages = {327},
pmid = {34045442},
publisher = {Springer US},
title = {{Prevalence of and factors associated with post-traumatic stress disorder among French university students 1 month after the COVID-19 lockdown}},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41398-021-01438-z},
volume = {11},
year = {2021}
}

The COVID-19 pandemic and quarantine measures have sparked debate regarding their traumatic nature. This cross-sectional study reports the prevalence rate of probable post-traumatic stress syndrome (PTSD) and associated factors among French university students. A total of 22,883 students completed the online questionnaire. The prevalence rate of probable PTSD, assessed using the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5, was 19.5% [19.0–20.0]. Female (1.32 [1.21–1.45]) or non-binary gender (1.76 [1.35–2.31]), exposure to a non-COVID-19-related traumatic event (3.37 [3.08–3.67]), having lived through quarantine alone (1.22 [1.09–1.37]), poor quality of social ties (2.38 [2.15–2.62]), loss of income (1.20 [1.09–1.31]), poor quality housing (1.90 [1.59–2.26]), low-quality of the information received (1.50 [1.35–1.66]) and a high level of exposure to COVID-19 (from 1.38 [1.24–1.54] to 10.82 [2.33–76.57] depending on the score) were associated with PTSD. Quarantine was considered potentially traumatic by 78.8% of the students with probable PTSD. These findings suggest the pandemic context and lockdown measures could have post-traumatic consequences, stimulating debate on the nosography of PTSD.

@article{Belet2020,
abstract = {PTSD is frequent in prison, with a lifetime prevalence of 17.8% among male inmates, and of 40.1% among female inmates. Despite those high rates, only a limited number of studies have been published about this disorder in the prison population, and PTSD is still widely underdiagnosed in jail. We conducted a review of the literature to identify the PTSD sociodemographic characteristics and specificities among incarcerated populations. Some epidemiological characteristics of PTSD are identical in both the general and the prison populations, with a higher prevalence among women than men, high rates of comorbidity with depression and anxiety disorders, and high suicide rates. PTSD after committing a violent crime seems to be common but is greatly underdiagnosed, mostly because of a lack of knowledge about this entity. The occurrence is especially high when the offender suffers from a severe mental illness at the time of the offence. Homicidal crimes are the most at risk to lead to PTSD. Every inmate should be screened for this diagnosis by psychiatrists practicing in prisons. Inmates are exposed to many traumatic events during their time in detention. Yet, little is known about the mental health consequences of imprisonment. PTSD after exposure to a traumatic event while in detention should be systematically explored, and future studies need to consider this matter. The high levels of PTSD among imprisoned people could be explained by the exposition of prisoners to repetitive traumatic events, especially during childhood, and by the multiple risk factors for PTSD found in this population. In France, screening for and treatment of PTSD in prison are insufficient. Strategies must be elaborated by the institutions created in 2019 (Centre National de Ressource et de R{\'{e}}silience et Centre R{\'{e}}gionaux de Psychotraumatismes) to improve the health of inmates suffering from PTSD. Complex PTSD should also be studied in the prison population.},
author = {Belet, Bettina and D'Hondt, Fabien and Horn, Mathilde and Amad, Ali and Carton, Fanny and Thomas, Pierre and Vaiva, Guillaume and Fovet, Thomas},
doi = {10.1016/j.encep.2020.04.017},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Belet et al. - 2020 - Post-traumatic stress disorder in prison.pdf:pdf},
issn = {00137006},
journal = {Encephale},
keywords = {,Epidemiology,Inmates,PTSD,Prison,Trauma},
language = {fre},
month = {sep},
number = {6},
pages = {493--499},
pmid = {32921495},
publisher = {L'Enc?{\textregistered}phale},
title = {{Post-traumatic stress disorder in prison}},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.encep.2020.04.017},
volume = {46},
year = {2020}
}

PTSD is frequent in prison, with a lifetime prevalence of 17.8% among male inmates, and of 40.1% among female inmates. Despite those high rates, only a limited number of studies have been published about this disorder in the prison population, and PTSD is still widely underdiagnosed in jail. We conducted a review of the literature to identify the PTSD sociodemographic characteristics and specificities among incarcerated populations. Some epidemiological characteristics of PTSD are identical in both the general and the prison populations, with a higher prevalence among women than men, high rates of comorbidity with depression and anxiety disorders, and high suicide rates. PTSD after committing a violent crime seems to be common but is greatly underdiagnosed, mostly because of a lack of knowledge about this entity. The occurrence is especially high when the offender suffers from a severe mental illness at the time of the offence. Homicidal crimes are the most at risk to lead to PTSD. Every inmate should be screened for this diagnosis by psychiatrists practicing in prisons. Inmates are exposed to many traumatic events during their time in detention. Yet, little is known about the mental health consequences of imprisonment. PTSD after exposure to a traumatic event while in detention should be systematically explored, and future studies need to consider this matter. The high levels of PTSD among imprisoned people could be explained by the exposition of prisoners to repetitive traumatic events, especially during childhood, and by the multiple risk factors for PTSD found in this population. In France, screening for and treatment of PTSD in prison are insufficient. Strategies must be elaborated by the institutions created in 2019 (Centre National de Ressource et de Résilience et Centre Régionaux de Psychotraumatismes) to improve the health of inmates suffering from PTSD. Complex PTSD should also be studied in the prison population.

@article{BENARD2020,
abstract = {Background:: The aim of this study was to find the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of major depressive episode (MDE) with (MDE-HPS+) and without a history of psychotic symptoms (MDE-HPS) in the general population. Methods:: The Mental Health in the General Population survey interviewed 38,694 individuals in France by using the MINI. The prevalence and sociodemographic and clinical correlates of MDE-HPS+ were assessed. Results:: Of the sample, 11.2% were diagnosed with current MDE and among them, 39.3% presented a history of at least one psychotic symptom (hallucination or delusion). Patients with MDE-HPS+ were younger with more severe social impairment than those with MDE-HPS-. We also found a higher proportion of three generations of migrants in the MDE-HPS+ group. Comorbid psychiatric disorders such as a history of a manic episode, alcohol use disorder, social anxiety, generalized anxiety disorder, and a personal history of a suicide attempt were more frequent in patients with MDE-HPS+ than in those with MDE-HPS-. Finally, we found a specific gradient of severity for psychiatric comorbid disorders depending on the number of psychotic symptoms lifetime in MDE. Limitations:: The study also has an observational cross-sectional design that does not permit causal inferences, and it is difficult to eliminate recall bias and reporting errors. Conclusion:: In the general population, patients with MDE-HPS+, when compared to MDE-HPS-, presented with a more severe clinical profile, with increased rates of psychiatric comorbidities, particularly a history of bipolar disorder and a history of a suicide attempt.},
author = {B{\'{e}}nard, Victoire and Pignon, Baptiste and Geoffroy, Pierre A. and Benradia, Imane and Roelandt, Jean-Luc and Rolland, Benjamin and Fovet, Thomas and D'Hondt, Fabien and Thomas, Pierre and Vaiva, Guillaume and Amad, Ali},
doi = {10.1016/j.jad.2020.04.048},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/BENARD et al. - 2020 - Depression with and without a history of psychotic symptoms in the general population sociodemographic and clinic.pdf:pdf},
issn = {15732517},
journal = {Journal of Affective Disorders},
keywords = {Bipolar disorder,Continuum,Major depressive episode,Psychotic symptoms,Suicide},
language = {eng},
month = {aug},
number = {March},
pages = {247--251},
pmid = {32423890},
publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},
title = {{Depression with and without a history of psychotic symptoms in the general population: sociodemographic and clinical characteristics}},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2020.04.048},
volume = {273},
year = {2020}
}

Background:: The aim of this study was to find the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of major depressive episode (MDE) with (MDE-HPS+) and without a history of psychotic symptoms (MDE-HPS) in the general population. Methods:: The Mental Health in the General Population survey interviewed 38,694 individuals in France by using the MINI. The prevalence and sociodemographic and clinical correlates of MDE-HPS+ were assessed. Results:: Of the sample, 11.2% were diagnosed with current MDE and among them, 39.3% presented a history of at least one psychotic symptom (hallucination or delusion). Patients with MDE-HPS+ were younger with more severe social impairment than those with MDE-HPS-. We also found a higher proportion of three generations of migrants in the MDE-HPS+ group. Comorbid psychiatric disorders such as a history of a manic episode, alcohol use disorder, social anxiety, generalized anxiety disorder, and a personal history of a suicide attempt were more frequent in patients with MDE-HPS+ than in those with MDE-HPS-. Finally, we found a specific gradient of severity for psychiatric comorbid disorders depending on the number of psychotic symptoms lifetime in MDE. Limitations:: The study also has an observational cross-sectional design that does not permit causal inferences, and it is difficult to eliminate recall bias and reporting errors. Conclusion:: In the general population, patients with MDE-HPS+, when compared to MDE-HPS-, presented with a more severe clinical profile, with increased rates of psychiatric comorbidities, particularly a history of bipolar disorder and a history of a suicide attempt.

@article{Bollen2020,
abstract = {Background: Attentional bias towards alcohol-related stimuli is a core characteristic of severe alcohol use disorders (AUD), directly linked to clinical variables (e.g. alcohol consumption, relapse). Nevertheless, the extent of this bias in subclinical populations remains poorly documented. This is particularly true for binge drinking, an alcohol consumption pattern highly prevalent in youth, characterised by an alternation between excessive intakes and withdrawal periods. Aims: We used eye-tracking to: (a) measure attentional bias in binge drinking, (b) determine its time course by dissociating early/late processing stages, (c) clarify its specificity for alcohol-related stimuli compared to other appetitive stimulations and (d) explore its modulation by current craving intensity. Methods: Binge drinkers (n=42) and matched controls (n=43) performed a visual probe task, requiring visual targets preceded by pairs of pictures to be processed, with three conditions (i.e. alcohol vs. soft drink, alcohol vs. high-calorie food, high-calorie food vs. low-calorie food). Results: No group difference was observed for early processing (i.e. first area of interest visited). Dwell times highlighted a bias towards soft drinks and healthy food among controls, without any global bias towards alcohol in binge drinkers. Centrally, a comparison of binge drinkers with low versus high current craving intensity indicated that binge drinking was associated with a bias towards alcohol and high-calorie food only in the presence of a high craving towards these stimuli. Conclusion: Attentional bias towards alcohol reported in severe AUD is only found in binge drinkers in the presence of high craving and is generalised to other appetitive cues.},
author = {Bollen, Zo{\'{e}} and Masson, Nicolas and Salvaggio, Samuel and D'Hondt, Fabien and Maurage, Pierre},
doi = {10.1177/0269881120913131},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Bollen et al. - 2020 - Craving is everything An eye-tracking exploration of attentional bias in binge drinking.pdf:pdf},
issn = {14617285},
journal = {Journal of Psychopharmacology},
keywords = {Alcohol,alcohol use disorders,attentional bias,binge drinking,eye tracking},
language = {eng},
month = {jun},
number = {6},
pages = {636--647},
pmid = {32202459},
title = {{Craving is everything: An eye-tracking exploration of attentional bias in binge drinking}},
volume = {34},
year = {2020}
}

Background: Attentional bias towards alcohol-related stimuli is a core characteristic of severe alcohol use disorders (AUD), directly linked to clinical variables (e.g. alcohol consumption, relapse). Nevertheless, the extent of this bias in subclinical populations remains poorly documented. This is particularly true for binge drinking, an alcohol consumption pattern highly prevalent in youth, characterised by an alternation between excessive intakes and withdrawal periods. Aims: We used eye-tracking to: (a) measure attentional bias in binge drinking, (b) determine its time course by dissociating early/late processing stages, (c) clarify its specificity for alcohol-related stimuli compared to other appetitive stimulations and (d) explore its modulation by current craving intensity. Methods: Binge drinkers (n=42) and matched controls (n=43) performed a visual probe task, requiring visual targets preceded by pairs of pictures to be processed, with three conditions (i.e. alcohol vs. soft drink, alcohol vs. high-calorie food, high-calorie food vs. low-calorie food). Results: No group difference was observed for early processing (i.e. first area of interest visited). Dwell times highlighted a bias towards soft drinks and healthy food among controls, without any global bias towards alcohol in binge drinkers. Centrally, a comparison of binge drinkers with low versus high current craving intensity indicated that binge drinking was associated with a bias towards alcohol and high-calorie food only in the presence of a high craving towards these stimuli. Conclusion: Attentional bias towards alcohol reported in severe AUD is only found in binge drinkers in the presence of high craving and is generalised to other appetitive cues.

@article{Creupelandt2020,
abstract = {Background: Severe alcohol use disorder (SAUD) is associated with impaired discrimination of emotional expressions. This deficit appears increased in crossmodal settings, when simultaneous inputs from different sensory modalities are presented. However, so far, studies exploring emotional crossmodal processing in SAUD relied on static faces and unmatched face/voice pairs, thus offering limited ecological validity. Our aim was therefore to assess emotional processing using a validated and ecological paradigm relying on dynamic audio-visual stimuli, manipulating the amount of emotional information available. Method: Thirty individuals with SAUD and 30 matched healthy controls performed an emotional discrimination task requiring to identify five emotions (anger, disgust, fear, happiness, sadness) expressed as visual, auditory, or auditory-visual segments of varying length. Sensitivity indices (d') were computed to get an unbiased measure of emotional discrimination and entered in a Generalized Linear Mixed Model. Incorrect emotional attributions were also scrutinized through confusion matrices. Results: Discrimination levels varied across sensory modalities and emotions, and increased with stimuli duration. Crucially, performances also improved from unimodal to crossmodal conditions in both groups, but discrimination for anger crossmodal stimuli and fear crossmodal/visual stimuli remained selectively impaired in SAUD. These deficits were not influenced by stimuli duration, suggesting that they were not modulated by the amount of emotional information available. Moreover, they were not associated with systematic emotional error patterns reflecting specific confusions between emotions. Conclusions: These results clarify the nature and extent of crossmodal impairments in SAUD and converge with earlier findings to ascribe a specific role for anger and fear in this pathology.},
author = {Creupelandt, Coralie and D'Hondt, Fabien and de Timary, Philippe and Falagiarda, Federica and Collignon, Olivier and Maurage, Pierre},
doi = {10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2020.108079},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Creupelandt et al. - 2020 - Selective visual and crossmodal impairement in the discrimination of anger and fear expressions in severe al.pdf:pdf},
issn = {18790046},
journal = {Drug and Alcohol Dependence},
keywords = {Crossmodal integration,Emotion,Gating,Multimodal},
language = {eng},
month = {may},
pages = {108079},
pmid = {32554170},
title = {{Selective visual and crossmodal impairement in the discrimination of anger and fear expressions in severe alcohol use disorder}},
volume = {213},
year = {2020}
}

Background: Severe alcohol use disorder (SAUD) is associated with impaired discrimination of emotional expressions. This deficit appears increased in crossmodal settings, when simultaneous inputs from different sensory modalities are presented. However, so far, studies exploring emotional crossmodal processing in SAUD relied on static faces and unmatched face/voice pairs, thus offering limited ecological validity. Our aim was therefore to assess emotional processing using a validated and ecological paradigm relying on dynamic audio-visual stimuli, manipulating the amount of emotional information available. Method: Thirty individuals with SAUD and 30 matched healthy controls performed an emotional discrimination task requiring to identify five emotions (anger, disgust, fear, happiness, sadness) expressed as visual, auditory, or auditory-visual segments of varying length. Sensitivity indices (d') were computed to get an unbiased measure of emotional discrimination and entered in a Generalized Linear Mixed Model. Incorrect emotional attributions were also scrutinized through confusion matrices. Results: Discrimination levels varied across sensory modalities and emotions, and increased with stimuli duration. Crucially, performances also improved from unimodal to crossmodal conditions in both groups, but discrimination for anger crossmodal stimuli and fear crossmodal/visual stimuli remained selectively impaired in SAUD. These deficits were not influenced by stimuli duration, suggesting that they were not modulated by the amount of emotional information available. Moreover, they were not associated with systematic emotional error patterns reflecting specific confusions between emotions. Conclusions: These results clarify the nature and extent of crossmodal impairments in SAUD and converge with earlier findings to ascribe a specific role for anger and fear in this pathology.

@article{Dormal2020a,
abstract = {Rationale: Binge drinking (i.e. excessive episodic alcohol consumption) among young adults has been associated with deleterious consequences, notably at the cognitive and brain levels. These behavioural impairments and brain alterations have a direct impact on psychological and interpersonal functioning, but they might also be involved in the transition towards severe alcohol use disorders. Development of effective rehabilitation programs to reduce these negative effects as they emerge thus constitutes a priority in subclinical populations. Objectives: The present study tested the behavioural and electrophysiological impact of neurocognitive stimulation (i.e. transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) applied during a cognitive task) to improve attention and inhibition abilities in young binge drinkers. Methods: Two groups (20 binge drinkers and 20 non-binge drinkers) performed two sessions in a counterbalanced order. Each session consisted of an inhibition task (i.e. Neutral Go/No-Go) while participants received left frontal tDCS or sham stimulation, immediately followed by an Alcohol-related Go/No-Go task, while both behavioural and electrophysiological measures were recorded. Results: No significant differences were observed between groups or sessions (tDCS versus sham stimulation) at the behavioural level. However, electrophysiological measurements during the alcohol-related inhibition task revealed a specific effect of tDCS on attentional resource mobilization (indexed by the N2 component) in binge drinkers, whereas later inhibition processes (indexed by the P3 component) remained unchanged in this population. Conclusions: The present findings indicate that tDCS can modify the electrophysiological correlates of cognitive processes in binge drinking. While the impact of such brain modifications on actual neuropsychological functioning and alcohol consumption behaviours remains to be determined, these results underline the potential interest of developing neurocognitive stimulation approaches in this population.},
address = {Maurage, Pierre, Louvain Experimental Psychopathology Research Group (LEP), Psychological Science Research Institute, Universite Catholique de Louvain, Place Cardinal Mercier, 10, 1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium},
annote = {From Duplicate 1 (Can we boost attention and inhibition in binge drinking? Electrophysiological impact of neurocognitive stimulation - Dormal, Val{\'{e}}rie; Lannoy, S{\'{e}}verine; Bollen, Zo{\'{e}}; D'Hondt, Fabien; Maurage, Pierre)

From Duplicate 1 (Can we boost attention and inhibition in binge drinking? Electrophysiological impact of neurocognitive stimulation - Dormal, Val{\'{e}}rie; Lannoy, S{\'{e}}verine; Bollen, Zo{\'{e}}; D'Hondt, Fabien; Maurage, Pierre; D'Hondt, Fabien; Maurage, Pierre; D'Hondt, Fabien; Maurage, Pierre)

From Duplicate 1 (Can we boost attention and inhibition in binge drinking? Electrophysiological impact of neurocognitive stimulation - Dormal, Val{\'{e}}rie; Lannoy, S{\'{e}}verine; Bollen, Zo{\'{e}}; D'Hondt, Fabien; Maurage, Pierre)

Accession Number: 2020-10009-001. PMID: 32036388 Other Journal Title: Psychopharmacologia. Partial author list: First Author & Affiliation: Dormal, Val{\'{e}}rie; Louvain Experimental Psychopathology Research Group (LEP), Psychological Science Research Institute, Universite Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium. Release Date: 20200213. Correction Date: 20200521. Publication Type: Journal (0100), Peer Reviewed Journal (0110). Format Covered: Electronic. Document Type: Journal Article. Language: English. Grant Information: Maurage, Pierre. Major Descriptor: Alcoholism; Binge Drinking; Brain Stimulation; Neurocognition; Severity (Disorders). Minor Descriptor: Behavior Disorders; Social Skills; Behavioral Inhibition; Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation. Classification: Substance Abuse & Addiction (3233). Population: Human (10); Male (30); Female (40). Age Group: Adulthood (18 yrs & older) (300). Tests & Measures: UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale; Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test DOI: 10.1037/t01528-000; Beck Depression Inventory–II DOI: 10.1037/t00742-000; State Trait Anxiety Inventory. Methodology: Empirical Study; Quantitative Study. Page Count: 13. Issue Publication Date: May, 2020. Publication History: First Posted Date: Feb 8, 2020; Accepted Date: Jan 28, 2020; First Submitted Date: Aug 9, 2019. Copyright Statement: Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature. 2020.

From Duplicate 2 (Can we boost attention and inhibition in binge drinking? Electrophysiological impact of neurocognitive stimulation - Dormal, Val{\'{e}}rie; Lannoy, S{\'{e}}verine; Bollen, Zo{\'{e}}; D'Hondt, Fabien; Maurage, Pierre; D'Hondt, Fabien; Maurage, Pierre)

From Duplicate 2 (Can we boost attention and inhibition in binge drinking? Electrophysiological impact of neurocognitive stimulation - Dormal, Val{\'{e}}rie; Lannoy, S{\'{e}}verine; Bollen, Zo{\'{e}}; D'Hondt, Fabien; Maurage, Pierre)

Accession Number: 2020-10009-001. PMID: 32036388 Other Journal Title: Psychopharmacologia. Partial author list: First Author & Affiliation: Dormal, Val{\'{e}}rie; Louvain Experimental Psychopathology Research Group (LEP), Psychological Science Research Institute, Universite Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium. Release Date: 20200213. Correction Date: 20200521. Publication Type: Journal (0100), Peer Reviewed Journal (0110). Format Covered: Electronic. Document Type: Journal Article. Language: English. Grant Information: Maurage, Pierre. Major Descriptor: Alcoholism; Binge Drinking; Brain Stimulation; Neurocognition; Severity (Disorders). Minor Descriptor: Behavior Disorders; Social Skills; Behavioral Inhibition; Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation. Classification: Substance Abuse & Addiction (3233). Population: Human (10); Male (30); Female (40). Age Group: Adulthood (18 yrs & older) (300). Tests & Measures: UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale; Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test DOI: 10.1037/t01528-000; Beck Depression Inventory–II DOI: 10.1037/t00742-000; State Trait Anxiety Inventory. Methodology: Empirical Study; Quantitative Study. Page Count: 13. Issue Publication Date: May, 2020. Publication History: First Posted Date: Feb 8, 2020; Accepted Date: Jan 28, 2020; First Submitted Date: Aug 9, 2019. Copyright Statement: Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature. 2020.

From Duplicate 2 (Can we boost attention and inhibition in binge drinking? Electrophysiological impact of neurocognitive stimulation - Dormal, Val{\'{e}}rie; Lannoy, S{\'{e}}verine; Bollen, Zo{\'{e}}; D'Hondt, Fabien; Maurage, Pierre)

From Duplicate 2 (Can we boost attention and inhibition in binge drinking? Electrophysiological impact of neurocognitive stimulation - Dormal, Val{\'{e}}rie; Lannoy, S{\'{e}}verine; Bollen, Zo{\'{e}}; D'Hondt, Fabien; Maurage, Pierre)

Accession Number: 2020-10009-001. PMID: 32036388 Other Journal Title: Psychopharmacologia. Partial author list: First Author & Affiliation: Dormal, Val{\'{e}}rie; Louvain Experimental Psychopathology Research Group (LEP), Psychological Science Research Institute, Universite Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium. Release Date: 20200213. Correction Date: 20200521. Publication Type: Journal (0100), Peer Reviewed Journal (0110). Format Covered: Electronic. Document Type: Journal Article. Language: English. Grant Information: Maurage, Pierre. Major Descriptor: Alcoholism; Binge Drinking; Brain Stimulation; Neurocognition; Severity (Disorders). Minor Descriptor: Behavior Disorders; Social Skills; Behavioral Inhibition; Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation. Classification: Substance Abuse & Addiction (3233). Population: Human (10); Male (30); Female (40). Age Group: Adulthood (18 yrs & older) (300). Tests & Measures: UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale; Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test DOI: 10.1037/t01528-000; Beck Depression Inventory–II DOI: 10.1037/t00742-000; State Trait Anxiety Inventory. Methodology: Empirical Study; Quantitative Study. Page Count: 13. Issue Publication Date: May, 2020. Publication History: First Posted Date: Feb 8, 2020; Accepted Date: Jan 28, 2020; First Submitted Date: Aug 9, 2019. Copyright Statement: Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature. 2020.},
author = {Dormal, Val{\'{e}}rie and Lannoy, S{\'{e}}verine and Bollen, Zo{\'{e}} and D'Hondt, Fabien and Maurage, Pierre},
doi = {10.1007/s00213-020-05475-2},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Dormal et al. - 2020 - Can we boost attention and inhibition in binge drinking Electrophysiological impact of neurocognitive stimulation.pdf:pdf},
issn = {14322072},
journal = {Psychopharmacology},
keywords = {,Binge drinking,Event-related potentials,Inhibition,Neuromodulation,tDCS},
month = {may},
number = {5},
pages = {1493--1505},
pmid = {32036388},
publisher = {Psychopharmacology},
title = {{Can we boost attention and inhibition in binge drinking? Electrophysiological impact of neurocognitive stimulation}},
url = {https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&AuthType=ip,url,uid&db=psyh&AN=2020-10009-001&lang=fr&site=ehost-live orcid: 0000-0003-0197-0810 orcid: 0000-0001-5683-0490 http://pierre.maurage@uclouvain.be},
volume = {237},
year = {2020}
}

Rationale: Binge drinking (i.e. excessive episodic alcohol consumption) among young adults has been associated with deleterious consequences, notably at the cognitive and brain levels. These behavioural impairments and brain alterations have a direct impact on psychological and interpersonal functioning, but they might also be involved in the transition towards severe alcohol use disorders. Development of effective rehabilitation programs to reduce these negative effects as they emerge thus constitutes a priority in subclinical populations. Objectives: The present study tested the behavioural and electrophysiological impact of neurocognitive stimulation (i.e. transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) applied during a cognitive task) to improve attention and inhibition abilities in young binge drinkers. Methods: Two groups (20 binge drinkers and 20 non-binge drinkers) performed two sessions in a counterbalanced order. Each session consisted of an inhibition task (i.e. Neutral Go/No-Go) while participants received left frontal tDCS or sham stimulation, immediately followed by an Alcohol-related Go/No-Go task, while both behavioural and electrophysiological measures were recorded. Results: No significant differences were observed between groups or sessions (tDCS versus sham stimulation) at the behavioural level. However, electrophysiological measurements during the alcohol-related inhibition task revealed a specific effect of tDCS on attentional resource mobilization (indexed by the N2 component) in binge drinkers, whereas later inhibition processes (indexed by the P3 component) remained unchanged in this population. Conclusions: The present findings indicate that tDCS can modify the electrophysiological correlates of cognitive processes in binge drinking. While the impact of such brain modifications on actual neuropsychological functioning and alcohol consumption behaviours remains to be determined, these results underline the potential interest of developing neurocognitive stimulation approaches in this population.

@article{Horn2020a,
abstract = {Background: Depersonalization is a complex phenomenological experience initially described as a psychological disturbance of self-awareness. Among the different dimensions underlying depersonalization, emotional numbing appears to be a key symptom but remains a poorly understood phenomenon. Method: We conducted a systematic review, following PRISMA guidelines, of studies investigating electrodermal activity, a well-documented marker of bodily arousal expression of emotion. Studies were selected from the PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and PsychINFO databases. Results: Among the 64 studies initially identified, 11 were finally included, involving 148 patients with depersonalization disorder and 173 healthy subjects for whom depersonalization symptoms were assessed. The main results of these studies suggest that depersonalization is marked by a high skin conductance level and attenuated skin conductance responses to negative stimuli. Limitations: Due to discrepancies in methodology, we were not able to conduct quantitative analyses. Moreover, the studies included had limited sample sizes, restricting the generalizability of the results. Conclusion: Though further evidence is required, it appears from electrodermal studies that depersonalization is associated with hypervigilance and emotional detachment during threatening situations. However, because emotional numbing might not be restricted to negative events, we proposed perspectives for future research, stressing the need to explore emotional responses of patients with depersonalization to positive situations.},
author = {Horn, Mathilde and Fovet, Thomas and Vaiva, Guillaume and Thomas, Pierre and Amad, Ali and D'Hondt, Fabien},
doi = {10.1016/j.jad.2020.07.064},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Horn et al. - 2020 - Emotional response in depersonalization A systematic review of electrodermal activity studies(3).pdf:pdf;:C\:/Users/fabie/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Horn et al. - 2020 - Emotional response in depersonalization A systematic review of electrodermal activity studies(2).pdf:pdf;:C\:/Users/fabie/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Horn et al. - 2020 - Emotional response in depersonalization A systematic review of electrodermal activity studies.pdf:pdf},
issn = {15732517},
journal = {Journal of Affective Disorders},
keywords = {,Depersonalization,Electrodermal,Emotional numbing,Hypervigilance,Skin conductance},
language = {eng},
month = {nov},
number = {January},
pages = {877--882},
pmid = {32739705},
publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},
title = {{Emotional response in depersonalization: A systematic review of electrodermal activity studies}},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2020.07.064},
volume = {276},
year = {2020}
}

Background: Depersonalization is a complex phenomenological experience initially described as a psychological disturbance of self-awareness. Among the different dimensions underlying depersonalization, emotional numbing appears to be a key symptom but remains a poorly understood phenomenon. Method: We conducted a systematic review, following PRISMA guidelines, of studies investigating electrodermal activity, a well-documented marker of bodily arousal expression of emotion. Studies were selected from the PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and PsychINFO databases. Results: Among the 64 studies initially identified, 11 were finally included, involving 148 patients with depersonalization disorder and 173 healthy subjects for whom depersonalization symptoms were assessed. The main results of these studies suggest that depersonalization is marked by a high skin conductance level and attenuated skin conductance responses to negative stimuli. Limitations: Due to discrepancies in methodology, we were not able to conduct quantitative analyses. Moreover, the studies included had limited sample sizes, restricting the generalizability of the results. Conclusion: Though further evidence is required, it appears from electrodermal studies that depersonalization is associated with hypervigilance and emotional detachment during threatening situations. However, because emotional numbing might not be restricted to negative events, we proposed perspectives for future research, stressing the need to explore emotional responses of patients with depersonalization to positive situations.

@article{Lannoy2020,
abstract = {The dual-process model, describing addictive disorders as resulting from an imbalance between increased automatic approach behaviors towards the substance and reduced abilities to control these behaviors, constitutes a sound theoretical framework to understand alcohol-use disorders. The present study aimed at exploring this imbalance at behavioral and cerebral levels in binge drinking, a pattern of excessive alcohol consumption frequently observed in youth, by assessing both reflective control abilities and automatic processing of alcohol-related stimuli. For this purpose, 25 binge drinkers and 25 comparison participants performed a Go/No-Go task during electrophysiological recording. Inhibition abilities were investigated during explicit (ie, distinguishing alcoholic versus nonalcoholic drinks) and implicit (ie, distinguishing sparkling versus nonsparkling drinks, independently of their alcohol content) processing of beverage cues. Binge drinkers presented poorer inhibition for the explicit processing of beverage cues, as well as reduced N200 amplitude for the specific processing of alcohol-related stimuli. As a whole, these findings indicated inhibition impairments in binge drinkers, particularly for alcohol cues processing and at the attentional stage of the cognitive stream. In line with the dual-process model, these results support that binge drinking is already characterized by an underactivation of the reflective system combined with an overactivation of the automatic system. Results also underlined the influence of explicit processing compared with implicit ones. At the clinical level, our findings reinforce the need to develop intervention methods focusing on the inhibition of approach behaviors towards alcohol-related stimuli.},
author = {Lannoy, S{\'{e}}verine and Dormal, Val{\'{e}}rie and Billieux, Jo{\"{e}}l and Brion, M{\'{e}}lanie and D'Hondt, Fabien and Maurage, Pierre},
doi = {10.1111/adb.12685},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Lannoy et al. - 2020 - A dual-process exploration of binge drinking Evidence through behavioral and electrophysiological findings.pdf:pdf},
issn = {13691600},
journal = {Addiction Biology},
keywords = {alcohol cues,binge drinking,dual process,explicit,implicit,inhibition},
language = {eng},
month = {mar},
number = {2},
pages = {e12685},
pmid = {30370964},
title = {{A dual-process exploration of binge drinking: Evidence through behavioral and electrophysiological findings}},
volume = {25},
year = {2020}
}

The dual-process model, describing addictive disorders as resulting from an imbalance between increased automatic approach behaviors towards the substance and reduced abilities to control these behaviors, constitutes a sound theoretical framework to understand alcohol-use disorders. The present study aimed at exploring this imbalance at behavioral and cerebral levels in binge drinking, a pattern of excessive alcohol consumption frequently observed in youth, by assessing both reflective control abilities and automatic processing of alcohol-related stimuli. For this purpose, 25 binge drinkers and 25 comparison participants performed a Go/No-Go task during electrophysiological recording. Inhibition abilities were investigated during explicit (ie, distinguishing alcoholic versus nonalcoholic drinks) and implicit (ie, distinguishing sparkling versus nonsparkling drinks, independently of their alcohol content) processing of beverage cues. Binge drinkers presented poorer inhibition for the explicit processing of beverage cues, as well as reduced N200 amplitude for the specific processing of alcohol-related stimuli. As a whole, these findings indicated inhibition impairments in binge drinkers, particularly for alcohol cues processing and at the attentional stage of the cognitive stream. In line with the dual-process model, these results support that binge drinking is already characterized by an underactivation of the reflective system combined with an overactivation of the automatic system. Results also underlined the influence of explicit processing compared with implicit ones. At the clinical level, our findings reinforce the need to develop intervention methods focusing on the inhibition of approach behaviors towards alcohol-related stimuli.

@article{Leroy2020,
abstract = {Reward processing impairments have been linked with positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia. Here, we performed a coordinate-based meta-analysis that combined eleven BOLD-fMRI studies comparing reward anticipation signals between schizophrenia patients and healthy controls. We observed a reduced difference in activation in schizophrenia patients within a frontal-striatal network. Meta-regressions revealed that this functional signature was linked to the severity of psychotic symptoms and persisted even after controlling for the dose of antipsychotic medications.},
author = {Leroy, Arnaud and Amad, Ali and D'Hondt, Fabien and Pins, Delphine and Jaafari, Nematollah and Thomas, Pierre and Jardri, Renaud},
doi = {10.1016/j.schres.2019.12.041},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Leroy et al. - 2020 - Reward anticipation in schizophrenia A coordinate-based meta-analysis.pdf:pdf},
issn = {15732509},
journal = {Schizophrenia Research},
keywords = {,Antipsychotics,Meta-analysis,Reward,Salience,Schizophrenia,fMRI},
language = {eng},
month = {apr},
pages = {2--6},
pmid = {31948895},
title = {{Reward anticipation in schizophrenia: A coordinate-based meta-analysis}},
volume = {218},
year = {2020}
}

Reward processing impairments have been linked with positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia. Here, we performed a coordinate-based meta-analysis that combined eleven BOLD-fMRI studies comparing reward anticipation signals between schizophrenia patients and healthy controls. We observed a reduced difference in activation in schizophrenia patients within a frontal-striatal network. Meta-regressions revealed that this functional signature was linked to the severity of psychotic symptoms and persisted even after controlling for the dose of antipsychotic medications.

@article{Maurage2020a,
abstract = {The widespread cognitive and cerebral consequences of prenatal alcohol exposure have been established during the last decades, through the exploration of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) using neuropsychological and neuroscience tools. This research field has recently benefited from the emergence of innovative measures, among which eye tracking, allowing a precise measure of the eye movements indexing a large range of cognitive functions. We propose a comprehensive review, based on PRISMA guidelines, of the eye tracking studies performed in populations with FASD. Studies were selected from the PsycINFO, PubMed and Scopus databases, and were evaluated through a standardized methodological quality assessment. Studies were classified according to the eye tracking indexes recorded (saccade characteristics, initial fixation, number of fixations, dwell time, gaze pattern) and the process measured (perception, memory, executive functions). Eye tracking data showed that FASD are mostly associated with impaired ocular perceptive/motor abilities (i.e., altered eye movements, centrally for saccade initiation), lower accuracy as well as increased error rates in saccadic eye movements involving working memory abilities, and reduced inhibitory control on saccades. After identifying the main limitations presented by the reviewed studies, we propose guidelines for future research, underlining the need to increase the standardization of diagnosis and evaluation tools, and to improve the methodological quality of eye tracking measures.},
author = {Maurage, Pierre and Bollen, Zo{\'{e}} and Masson, Nicolas and D'Hondt, Fabien},
doi = {10.1016/j.pnpbp.2020.109980},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Maurage et al. - 2020 - A review of studies exploring fetal alcohol spectrum disorders through eye tracking measures.pdf:pdf},
issn = {18784216},
journal = {Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry},
keywords = {Alcohol,Alcohol-related neurodevelopmental disorder,Eye movements,Fetal alcohol syndrome,Prenatal alcohol exposure},
language = {eng},
month = {dec},
number = {May},
pages = {109980},
pmid = {32470497},
publisher = {Elsevier},
title = {{A review of studies exploring fetal alcohol spectrum disorders through eye tracking measures}},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnpbp.2020.109980},
volume = {103},
year = {2020}
}

The widespread cognitive and cerebral consequences of prenatal alcohol exposure have been established during the last decades, through the exploration of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) using neuropsychological and neuroscience tools. This research field has recently benefited from the emergence of innovative measures, among which eye tracking, allowing a precise measure of the eye movements indexing a large range of cognitive functions. We propose a comprehensive review, based on PRISMA guidelines, of the eye tracking studies performed in populations with FASD. Studies were selected from the PsycINFO, PubMed and Scopus databases, and were evaluated through a standardized methodological quality assessment. Studies were classified according to the eye tracking indexes recorded (saccade characteristics, initial fixation, number of fixations, dwell time, gaze pattern) and the process measured (perception, memory, executive functions). Eye tracking data showed that FASD are mostly associated with impaired ocular perceptive/motor abilities (i.e., altered eye movements, centrally for saccade initiation), lower accuracy as well as increased error rates in saccadic eye movements involving working memory abilities, and reduced inhibitory control on saccades. After identifying the main limitations presented by the reviewed studies, we propose guidelines for future research, underlining the need to increase the standardization of diagnosis and evaluation tools, and to improve the methodological quality of eye tracking measures.

@article{Maurage2020,
abstract = {Eye tracking has emerged as a reliable neuroscience tool indexing the eye movements' correlates of impairments resulting from alcohol-use disorders, ranging from perceptive abilities to high-level cognitive functions. This systematic review, following PRISMA guidelines, encompasses all human studies using eye tracking in participants presenting acute alcohol consumption. A literature search was conducted in PsycINFO, PubMed and Scopus, and a standardized methodological quality assessment was performed. Eye tracking studies were classified according to the processes measured (perception, attentional bias, memory, executive functions, prevention message processing). Eye tracking data centrally showed a global visuo-motor impairment (related to reduced cerebellar functioning) following alcohol intoxication, together with reduced memory and inhibitory control of eye movements. Conversely, the impact of such intoxication on alcohol-related attentional bias is still debated. The limits of this literature have been identified, leading to the emergence of new research avenues to increase the understanding of eye movements during alcohol intoxication, and to the proposal of guidelines for future research.},
author = {Maurage, Pierre and Masson, Nicolas and Bollen, Zo{\'{e}} and D'Hondt, Fabien},
doi = {10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.10.001},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Maurage et al. - 2020 - Eye tracking correlates of acute alcohol consumption A systematic and critical review.pdf:pdf},
issn = {18737528},
journal = {Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews},
keywords = {Acute alcohol consumption,Alcohol,Dwell time,Eye tracking,Saccade},
language = {eng},
month = {jan},
number = {October 2019},
pages = {400--422},
pmid = {31614153},
publisher = {Elsevier},
title = {{Eye tracking correlates of acute alcohol consumption: A systematic and critical review}},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.10.001},
volume = {108},
year = {2020}
}

Eye tracking has emerged as a reliable neuroscience tool indexing the eye movements' correlates of impairments resulting from alcohol-use disorders, ranging from perceptive abilities to high-level cognitive functions. This systematic review, following PRISMA guidelines, encompasses all human studies using eye tracking in participants presenting acute alcohol consumption. A literature search was conducted in PsycINFO, PubMed and Scopus, and a standardized methodological quality assessment was performed. Eye tracking studies were classified according to the processes measured (perception, attentional bias, memory, executive functions, prevention message processing). Eye tracking data centrally showed a global visuo-motor impairment (related to reduced cerebellar functioning) following alcohol intoxication, together with reduced memory and inhibitory control of eye movements. Conversely, the impact of such intoxication on alcohol-related attentional bias is still debated. The limits of this literature have been identified, leading to the emergence of new research avenues to increase the understanding of eye movements during alcohol intoxication, and to the proposal of guidelines for future research.

@article{Medjkane2020a,
abstract = {Previous reports suggest that adverse events during childhood could be related to an array of psychiatric problems. Here, we question the relationship between childhood traumatic experiences and the sensory complexity of hallucinations in a cohort of 75 children and adolescents. We evidence a positive link between the number of sensory modalities involved in hallucinations and history of childhood trauma, even after controlling for the co-occurrence of suicidal ideation or the number of ICD-10 diagnoses. These findings support initiatives in which a routine exploration of traumatic events in childhood is performed when multimodal hallucinations are present.},
author = {Medjkane, Fran{\c{c}}ois and Notredame, Charles Edouard and Sharkey, Lucie and D'Hondt, Fabien and Vaiva, Guillaume and Jardri, Renaud},
doi = {10.1192/bjp.2019.266},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Medjkane et al. - 2020 - Association between childhood trauma and multimodal early-onset hallucinations.pdf:pdf},
issn = {14721465},
journal = {British Journal of Psychiatry},
keywords = {,Hallucinations,childhood trauma,multisensory,phenomenology,voice hearing},
language = {eng},
month = {mar},
number = {3},
pages = {156--158},
pmid = {31902385},
title = {{Association between childhood trauma and multimodal early-onset hallucinations}},
volume = {216},
year = {2020}
}

Previous reports suggest that adverse events during childhood could be related to an array of psychiatric problems. Here, we question the relationship between childhood traumatic experiences and the sensory complexity of hallucinations in a cohort of 75 children and adolescents. We evidence a positive link between the number of sensory modalities involved in hallucinations and history of childhood trauma, even after controlling for the co-occurrence of suicidal ideation or the number of ICD-10 diagnoses. These findings support initiatives in which a routine exploration of traumatic events in childhood is performed when multimodal hallucinations are present.

@article{Veerapa2020,
abstract = {This study aimed to investigate the time course of attentional bias for negative information in healthy individuals and to assess the associated influence of trait anxiety. Thirty-eight healthy volunteers performed an emotional dot-probe task with pairs of negative and neutral scenes, presented for either 1 or 2 s and followed by a target placed at the previous location of either negative or neutral stimulus. Analyses included eye movements during the presentation of the scenes and response times associated with target localization. In a second step, analyses focused on the influence of trait anxiety. While there was no significant difference at the behavioral level, the eye-tracking data revealed that negative information held longer attention than neutral stimuli once fixated. This initial maintenance bias towards negative pictures then increased with increasing trait anxiety. However, at later processing stages, only individuals with the highest trait anxiety appeared to fixate longer on negative pictures than neutral pictures, individuals with low trait anxiety showing the opposite pattern. This study provides novel evidence that healthy individuals display an attentional maintenance bias towards negative stimuli, which is associated with trait anxiety.},
author = {Veerapa, Emilie and Grandgen{\`{e}}vre, Pierre and {El Fayoumi}, Mohamed and Vinnac, Benjamin and Haelewyn, Oc{\'{e}}anne and Szaffarczyk, S{\'{e}}bastien and Vaiva, Guillaume and D'Hondt, Fabien},
doi = {10.1038/s41598-020-68490-5},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Veerapa et al. - 2020 - Attentional bias towards negative stimuli in healthy individuals and the effects of trait anxiety.pdf:pdf},
isbn = {4159802068490},
issn = {20452322},
journal = {Scientific Reports},
keywords = {Adult,Anxiety,Attention,Attentional Bias,Emotions,Female,Healthy Volunteers,Heritable,Humans,Male,Middle Aged,Quantitative Trait,Reaction Time},
language = {eng},
month = {jul},
number = {1},
pages = {11826},
pmid = {32678129},
publisher = {Nature Publishing Group UK},
title = {{Attentional bias towards negative stimuli in healthy individuals and the effects of trait anxiety}},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-68490-5},
volume = {10},
year = {2020}
}

This study aimed to investigate the time course of attentional bias for negative information in healthy individuals and to assess the associated influence of trait anxiety. Thirty-eight healthy volunteers performed an emotional dot-probe task with pairs of negative and neutral scenes, presented for either 1 or 2 s and followed by a target placed at the previous location of either negative or neutral stimulus. Analyses included eye movements during the presentation of the scenes and response times associated with target localization. In a second step, analyses focused on the influence of trait anxiety. While there was no significant difference at the behavioral level, the eye-tracking data revealed that negative information held longer attention than neutral stimuli once fixated. This initial maintenance bias towards negative pictures then increased with increasing trait anxiety. However, at later processing stages, only individuals with the highest trait anxiety appeared to fixate longer on negative pictures than neutral pictures, individuals with low trait anxiety showing the opposite pattern. This study provides novel evidence that healthy individuals display an attentional maintenance bias towards negative stimuli, which is associated with trait anxiety.

@article{DHondt2020,
abstract = {Importance: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and quarantine measures have raised concerns regarding their psychological effects on populations. Among the general population, university students appear to be particularly susceptible to experiencing mental health problems. Objectives: To measure the prevalence of self-reported mental health symptoms, to identify associated factors, and to assess care seeking among university students who experienced the COVID-19 quarantine in France. Design, Setting, and Participants: This survey study collected data from April 17 to May 4, 2020, from 69054 students living in France during the COVID-19 quarantine. All French universities were asked to send an email to their students asking them to complete an online questionnaire. The targeted population was approximately 1600000 students. Exposure: Living in France during the COVID-19 quarantine. Main Outcomes and Measures: The rates of self-reported suicidal thoughts, severe distress, stress, anxiety, and depression were assessed using the 22-item Impact of Events Scale-Revised, the 10-item Perceived Stress Scale, the 20-item State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (State subscale), and the 13-item Beck Depression Inventory, respectively. Covariates were sociodemographic characteristics, precariousness indicators (ie, loss of income or poor quality housing), health-related data, information on the social environment, and media consumption. Data pertaining to care seeking were also collected. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify risk factors. Results: A total of 69054 students completed the survey (response rate, 4.3%). The median (interquartile range) age was 20 (18-22) years. The sample was mainly composed of women (50251 [72.8%]) and first-year students (32424 [47.0%]). The prevalence of suicidal thoughts, severe distress, high level of perceived stress, severe depression, and high level of anxiety were 11.4% (7891 students), 22.4% (15463 students), 24.7% (17093 students), 16.1% (11133 students), and 27.5% (18970 students), respectively, with 29564 students (42.8%) reporting at least 1 outcome, among whom 3675 (12.4%) reported seeing a health professional. Among risk factors identified, reporting at least 1 mental health outcome was associated with female gender (odds ratio [OR], 2.10; 95% CI, 2.02-2.19; P <.001) or nonbinary gender (OR, 3.57; 95% CI, 2.99-4.27; P <.001), precariousness (loss of income: OR, 1.28; 95% CI, 1.22-1.33; P <.001; low-quality housing: OR, 2.30; 95% CI, 2.06-2.57; P <.001), history of psychiatric follow-up (OR, 3.28; 95% CI, 3.09-3.48; P <.001), symptoms compatible with COVID-19 (OR, 1.55; 95% CI, 1.49-1.61; P <.001), social isolation (weak sense of integration: OR, 3.63; 95% CI, 3.35-3.92; P <.001; low quality of social relations: OR, 2.62; 95% CI, 2.49-2.75; P <.001), and low quality of the information received (OR, 1.56; 95% CI, 1.49-1.64; P <.001). Conclusions and Relevance: The results of this survey study suggest a high prevalence of mental health issues among students who experienced quarantine, underlining the need to reinforce prevention, surveillance, and access to care..},
author = {Wathelet, Marielle and Duhem, St{\'{e}}phane and Vaiva, Guillaume and Baubet, Thierry and Habran, Enguerrand and Veerapa, Emilie and Debien, Christophe and Molenda, Sylvie and Horn, Mathilde and Grandgen{\`{e}}vre, Pierre and Notredame, Charles Edouard and D'Hondt, Fabien},
doi = {10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.25591},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Wathelet et al. - 2020 - Factors Associated With Mental Health Disorders Among University Students in France Confined During the COVID-1.pdf:pdf},
issn = {25743805},
journal = {JAMA Network Open},
keywords = {Adolescent,Adult,Anxiety,Anxiety Disorders,Betacoronavirus,COVID-19,Coronavirus Infections,Depression,Depressive Disorder,Female,Humans,Male,Mental Disorders,Odds Ratio,Pandemics,Patient Acceptance of Health Care,Pneumonia,Prevalence,Psychological,Quarantine,SARS-CoV-2,Social Isolation,Stress,Students,Suicidal Ideation,Surveys and Questionnaires,Universities,Viral,Young Adult,epidemiology,etiology,psychology,virology},
language = {eng},
month = {oct},
number = {10},
pages = {e2025591},
pmid = {33095252},
title = {{Factors Associated with Mental Health Disorders among University Students in France Confined during the COVID-19 Pandemic}},
volume = {3},
year = {2020}
}

Importance: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and quarantine measures have raised concerns regarding their psychological effects on populations. Among the general population, university students appear to be particularly susceptible to experiencing mental health problems. Objectives: To measure the prevalence of self-reported mental health symptoms, to identify associated factors, and to assess care seeking among university students who experienced the COVID-19 quarantine in France. Design, Setting, and Participants: This survey study collected data from April 17 to May 4, 2020, from 69054 students living in France during the COVID-19 quarantine. All French universities were asked to send an email to their students asking them to complete an online questionnaire. The targeted population was approximately 1600000 students. Exposure: Living in France during the COVID-19 quarantine. Main Outcomes and Measures: The rates of self-reported suicidal thoughts, severe distress, stress, anxiety, and depression were assessed using the 22-item Impact of Events Scale-Revised, the 10-item Perceived Stress Scale, the 20-item State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (State subscale), and the 13-item Beck Depression Inventory, respectively. Covariates were sociodemographic characteristics, precariousness indicators (ie, loss of income or poor quality housing), health-related data, information on the social environment, and media consumption. Data pertaining to care seeking were also collected. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify risk factors. Results: A total of 69054 students completed the survey (response rate, 4.3%). The median (interquartile range) age was 20 (18-22) years. The sample was mainly composed of women (50251 [72.8%]) and first-year students (32424 [47.0%]). The prevalence of suicidal thoughts, severe distress, high level of perceived stress, severe depression, and high level of anxiety were 11.4% (7891 students), 22.4% (15463 students), 24.7% (17093 students), 16.1% (11133 students), and 27.5% (18970 students), respectively, with 29564 students (42.8%) reporting at least 1 outcome, among whom 3675 (12.4%) reported seeing a health professional. Among risk factors identified, reporting at least 1 mental health outcome was associated with female gender (odds ratio [OR], 2.10; 95% CI, 2.02-2.19; P <.001) or nonbinary gender (OR, 3.57; 95% CI, 2.99-4.27; P <.001), precariousness (loss of income: OR, 1.28; 95% CI, 1.22-1.33; P <.001; low-quality housing: OR, 2.30; 95% CI, 2.06-2.57; P <.001), history of psychiatric follow-up (OR, 3.28; 95% CI, 3.09-3.48; P <.001), symptoms compatible with COVID-19 (OR, 1.55; 95% CI, 1.49-1.61; P <.001), social isolation (weak sense of integration: OR, 3.63; 95% CI, 3.35-3.92; P <.001; low quality of social relations: OR, 2.62; 95% CI, 2.49-2.75; P <.001), and low quality of the information received (OR, 1.56; 95% CI, 1.49-1.64; P <.001). Conclusions and Relevance: The results of this survey study suggest a high prevalence of mental health issues among students who experienced quarantine, underlining the need to reinforce prevention, surveillance, and access to care..

@article{Wu2020,
abstract = {So far, stress detection technology usually uses supervised learning methods combined with a series of physiological, physical, or behavioral signals and has achieved promising results. However, the problem of label collection such as the latency of stress response and subjective uncertainty introduced by the questionnaires has not been effectively solved. This paper proposes an unsupervised learning method with K-means clustering for exploring students' autonomic responses to medical simulation training in an ambulant environment. With the use of wearable sensors, features of electrodermal activity and heart rate variability of subjects are extracted to train the K-means model. The Silhouette Score of 0.49 with two clusters was reached, proving the difference in students' mental stress between baseline stage and simulation stage. Besides, with the aid of external ground truth which could be associated with either the baseline phase or simulation phase, four evaluation metrics were calculated and provided comparable results concerning supervised and unsupervised learning methods. The highest classification performance of 70% was reached with the measure of precision. In the future, we will integrate context information or facial image to provide more accurate stress detection.},
author = {Wu, Yujin and Daoudi, Mohamed and Amad, Ali and Sparrow, Laurent and D'Hondt, Fabien},
doi = {10.1145/3395035.3425191},
isbn = {9781450380027},
journal = {ICMI 2020 Companion - Companion Publication of the 2020 International Conference on Multimodal Interaction},
keywords = {EDA,HRV,K-means,Mental stress,Physiological signal,Silhouette score,Unsupervised learning},
pages = {165--170},
title = {{Unsupervised learning method for exploring students' mental stress in medical simulation training}},
year = {2020}
}

So far, stress detection technology usually uses supervised learning methods combined with a series of physiological, physical, or behavioral signals and has achieved promising results. However, the problem of label collection such as the latency of stress response and subjective uncertainty introduced by the questionnaires has not been effectively solved. This paper proposes an unsupervised learning method with K-means clustering for exploring students' autonomic responses to medical simulation training in an ambulant environment. With the use of wearable sensors, features of electrodermal activity and heart rate variability of subjects are extracted to train the K-means model. The Silhouette Score of 0.49 with two clusters was reached, proving the difference in students' mental stress between baseline stage and simulation stage. Besides, with the aid of external ground truth which could be associated with either the baseline phase or simulation phase, four evaluation metrics were calculated and provided comparable results concerning supervised and unsupervised learning methods. The highest classification performance of 70% was reached with the measure of precision. In the future, we will integrate context information or facial image to provide more accurate stress detection.

@article{Creupelandt2018,
abstract = {Visuoperceptive impairments are among the most frequently reported deficits in alcohol-use disorders, but only very few studies have investigated their origin and interactions with other categories of dysfunctions. Besides, these deficits have generally been interpreted in a linear bottom-up perspective, which appears very restrictive with respect to the new models of vision developed in healthy populations. Indeed, new theories highlight the predictive nature of the visual system and demonstrate that it interacts with higher-level cognitive functions to generate top-down predictions. These models notably posit that a fast but coarse visual analysis involving magnocellular pathways helps to compute heuristic guesses regarding the identity and affective value of inputs, which are used to facilitate conscious visual recognition. Building on these new proposals, the present review stresses the need to reconsider visual deficits in alcohol-use disorders as they might have crucial significance for core features of the pathology, such as attentional bias, loss of inhibitory control and emotion decoding impairments. Centrally, we suggest that individuals with severe alcohol-use disorders could present with magnocellular damage and we defend a dynamic explanation of the deficits. Rather than being restricted to high-level processes, deficits could start at early visual stages and then extend and potentially intensify during following steps due to reduced cerebral connectivity and dysfunctional cognitive/emotional regions. A new research agenda is specifically provided to test these hypotheses.},
author = {Creupelandt, Coralie and D'Hondt, Fabien and Maurage, Pierre},
doi = {10.2174/1570159x16666180828100441},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Creupelandt, D'Hondt, Maurage - 2019 - Towards a Dynamic Exploration of Vision, Cognition and Emotion in Alcohol-Use Disorders.pdf:pdf},
isbn = {1570-159x},
issn = {1570159X},
journal = {Current Neuropharmacology},
keywords = {*Alcohol-use disorders,*bottom-up processes,*magnocellular pathway,*orbitofrontal cortex,*parvocellular pathway,*top-down processes,*visual prediction,*visuoperceptive deficits,Alcoholism,Cognition,Emotions,Facial Expression,Humans,Ocular,Vision,Visual Pathways,physiology,physiopathology,psychology},
language = {eng},
number = {6},
pages = {492--506},
pmid = {30152285},
title = {{Towards a Dynamic Exploration of Vision, Cognition and Emotion in Alcohol-Use Disorders}},
volume = {17},
year = {2019}
}

Visuoperceptive impairments are among the most frequently reported deficits in alcohol-use disorders, but only very few studies have investigated their origin and interactions with other categories of dysfunctions. Besides, these deficits have generally been interpreted in a linear bottom-up perspective, which appears very restrictive with respect to the new models of vision developed in healthy populations. Indeed, new theories highlight the predictive nature of the visual system and demonstrate that it interacts with higher-level cognitive functions to generate top-down predictions. These models notably posit that a fast but coarse visual analysis involving magnocellular pathways helps to compute heuristic guesses regarding the identity and affective value of inputs, which are used to facilitate conscious visual recognition. Building on these new proposals, the present review stresses the need to reconsider visual deficits in alcohol-use disorders as they might have crucial significance for core features of the pathology, such as attentional bias, loss of inhibitory control and emotion decoding impairments. Centrally, we suggest that individuals with severe alcohol-use disorders could present with magnocellular damage and we defend a dynamic explanation of the deficits. Rather than being restricted to high-level processes, deficits could start at early visual stages and then extend and potentially intensify during following steps due to reduced cerebral connectivity and dysfunctional cognitive/emotional regions. A new research agenda is specifically provided to test these hypotheses.

@article{Rolland2019,
abstract = {Substance use disorders (SUDs) are associated with impairments of cognitive functions, and cognitive training programs are thus rapidly developing in SUD treatment. However, neuropsychological impairments observed early after withdrawal (i.e., early impairments), that is, approximately in the first six months, may be widespread. Consequently, it might not be possible to train all the identified early impairments. In these situations, we propose that the priority of cognitive training should be given to the early impairments found to be associated with early dropout or relapse (i.e., relapse-related impairments). However, substance-specific relapse-related impairments have not been singled out among all early impairments so far. Using a systematic literature search, we identified the types of established early impairments for all SUDs, and we assessed the extent to which these early impairments were found to be associated with relapse-related impairments. All cognitive functions were investigated according to a classification based on current neuropsychological models, distinguishing classical cognitive, substance-bias, and social cognition systems. According to the current evidence, demonstrated relapse-related impairments in alcohol use disorder comprised impulsivity, long-term memory, and higher-order executive functions. For cannabis use disorder, the identified relapse-related impairments were impulsivity and working memory. For stimulant use disorder, the identified relapse-related impairments were attentional abilities and higher-order executive functions. For opioid use disorder, the only identified relapse-related impairments were higher executive functions. However, many early impairments were not explored with respect to dropout/relapse, particularly for stimulant and opioid use disorders. The current literature reveals substance-specific relapse-related impairments, which supports a pragmatic patient-tailored approach for defining which early impairments should be prioritized in terms of training among patients with SUDs.},
author = {Rolland, Benjamin and D'Hondt, Fabien and Mont{\`{e}}gue, Sol{\`{e}}ne and Brion, M{\'{e}}lanie and Peyron, Eric and {D'Aviau de Ternay}, Julia and de Timary, Philippe and Nourredine, Mika{\"{i}}l and Maurage, Pierre},
doi = {10.1007/s11065-018-9395-3},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Rolland et al. - 2019 - A Patient-Tailored Evidence-Based Approach for Developing Early Neuropsychological Training Programs in Addictio.pdf:pdf},
issn = {15736660},
journal = {Neuropsychology Review},
keywords = {Alcohol,Cannabis,Cognitive impairments,Cognitive remediation,Opioid,Relapse,Stimulants,Substance-use disorders,Treatment dropout},
language = {eng},
month = {mar},
number = {1},
pages = {103--115},
pmid = {30607658},
title = {{A Patient-Tailored Evidence-Based Approach for Developing Early Neuropsychological Training Programs in Addiction Settings}},
url = {http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11065-018-9395-3},
volume = {29},
year = {2019}
}

Substance use disorders (SUDs) are associated with impairments of cognitive functions, and cognitive training programs are thus rapidly developing in SUD treatment. However, neuropsychological impairments observed early after withdrawal (i.e., early impairments), that is, approximately in the first six months, may be widespread. Consequently, it might not be possible to train all the identified early impairments. In these situations, we propose that the priority of cognitive training should be given to the early impairments found to be associated with early dropout or relapse (i.e., relapse-related impairments). However, substance-specific relapse-related impairments have not been singled out among all early impairments so far. Using a systematic literature search, we identified the types of established early impairments for all SUDs, and we assessed the extent to which these early impairments were found to be associated with relapse-related impairments. All cognitive functions were investigated according to a classification based on current neuropsychological models, distinguishing classical cognitive, substance-bias, and social cognition systems. According to the current evidence, demonstrated relapse-related impairments in alcohol use disorder comprised impulsivity, long-term memory, and higher-order executive functions. For cannabis use disorder, the identified relapse-related impairments were impulsivity and working memory. For stimulant use disorder, the identified relapse-related impairments were attentional abilities and higher-order executive functions. For opioid use disorder, the only identified relapse-related impairments were higher executive functions. However, many early impairments were not explored with respect to dropout/relapse, particularly for stimulant and opioid use disorders. The current literature reveals substance-specific relapse-related impairments, which supports a pragmatic patient-tailored approach for defining which early impairments should be prioritized in terms of training among patients with SUDs.

@article{Carrier-Toutant2018a,
abstract = {Objectives: Concussions affect the processing of emotional stimuli. This study aimed to investigate how sex interacts with concussion effects on early event-related brain potentials (ERP) measures (P1, N1) of emotional facial expressions (EFE) processing in asymptomatic, multi-concussion athletes during an EFE identification task. Methods: Forty control athletes (20 females and 20 males) and 43 multi-concussed athletes (22 females and 21 males), recruited more than 3 months after their last concussion, were tested. Participants completed the Beck Depression Inventory II, the Beck Anxiety Inventory, the Post-Concussion Symptom Scale, and an Emotional Facial Expression Identification Task. Pictures of male and female faces expressing neutral, angry, and happy emotions were randomly presented and the emotion depicted had to be identified as fast as possible during EEG acquisition. Results: Relative to controls, concussed athletes of both sex exhibited a significant suppression of P1 amplitude recorded from the dominant right hemisphere while performing the emotional face expression identification task. The present study also highlighted a sex-specific suppression of the N1 component amplitude after concussion which affected male athletes. Conclusions: These findings suggest that repeated concussions alter the typical pattern of right-hemisphere response dominance to EFE in early stages of EFE processing and that the neurophysiological mechanisms underlying the processing of emotional stimuli are distinctively affected across sex.},
author = {Carrier-Toutant, Fr{\'{e}}d{\'{e}}rike and Guay, Samuel and Beaulieu, Christelle and L{\'{e}}veill{\'{e}}, {\'{E}}dith and Turcotte-Giroux, Alexandre and Papineau, Sama{\"{e}}l D. and Brisson, Benoit and D'Hondt, Fabien and {De Beaumont}, Louis},
doi = {10.1017/S1355617718000231},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Carrier-Toutant et al. - 2018 - Effects of Repeated Concussions and Sex on Early Processing of Emotional Facial Expressions as Revealed.pdf:pdf},
isbn = {1469-7661},
issn = {14697661},
journal = {Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society},
keywords = {,Brain concussion,EEG,EFE,ERP,Event-related potentials,Long-term effects,P1 N1,Traumatic brain injury},
language = {eng},
month = {aug},
number = {7},
pages = {673--683},
pmid = {29729683},
title = {{Effects of Repeated Concussions and Sex on Early Processing of Emotional Facial Expressions as Revealed by Electrophysiology}},
volume = {24},
year = {2018}
}

Objectives: Concussions affect the processing of emotional stimuli. This study aimed to investigate how sex interacts with concussion effects on early event-related brain potentials (ERP) measures (P1, N1) of emotional facial expressions (EFE) processing in asymptomatic, multi-concussion athletes during an EFE identification task. Methods: Forty control athletes (20 females and 20 males) and 43 multi-concussed athletes (22 females and 21 males), recruited more than 3 months after their last concussion, were tested. Participants completed the Beck Depression Inventory II, the Beck Anxiety Inventory, the Post-Concussion Symptom Scale, and an Emotional Facial Expression Identification Task. Pictures of male and female faces expressing neutral, angry, and happy emotions were randomly presented and the emotion depicted had to be identified as fast as possible during EEG acquisition. Results: Relative to controls, concussed athletes of both sex exhibited a significant suppression of P1 amplitude recorded from the dominant right hemisphere while performing the emotional face expression identification task. The present study also highlighted a sex-specific suppression of the N1 component amplitude after concussion which affected male athletes. Conclusions: These findings suggest that repeated concussions alter the typical pattern of right-hemisphere response dominance to EFE in early stages of EFE processing and that the neurophysiological mechanisms underlying the processing of emotional stimuli are distinctively affected across sex.

@article{DHondt2018,
abstract = {Background: Patients with severe alcohol use disorder (SAUD) frequently show cognitive deficits that can be efficiently identified using screening tools such as the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) test. These cognitive deficits, which reduce the efficacy of therapeutic interventions and may contribute to dropout and relapse, could be, however, partly due to a treatable other cause. Accordingly, this exploratory study examined whether psychiatric comorbid disorders can induce a positive MoCA screening among recently detoxified SAUD subjects. Methods: One hundred recently detoxified patients with SAUD were divided into two groups according to whether they presented cognitive deficits using the MoCA. Groups were compared for demographic data, SAUD severity, impulsivity, and psychiatric comorbidities. The significant parameters were then introduced in a logistic regression model to establish their relative contributions in a positive MoCA status in SAUD subjects. Results: Among the significant parameters revealed by the bivariable analyses, agoraphobia and current depressive episode were found to be significant predictors of the MoCA status in the multivariable comparisons. Conclusions: A positive MoCA screening for cognitive impairments among post-detoxification SAUD patients could also be related to comorbid agoraphobia and depressive episode rather than to SAUD itself. A comprehensive psychiatric assessment must be performed in SAUD patients so that other potential causes of cognitive deficits, in particular with regard to mood and anxiety disorders, can be identified and treated.},
address = {D'Hondt, Fabien, Unite CURE, Secretariat de Psychiatrie de l'enfant et de l'Adolescent, Hopital Fontan 1, CHU de Lille, CS 70001, 59037, Lille, France, Cedex},
annote = {From Duplicate 2 (Psychiatric comorbidities associated with a positive screening using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) test in subjects with severe alcohol use disorder - D'Hondt, Fabien; Lescut, Charles; Maurage, Pierre; Menard, Olivier; Gibour, Bernard; Cottencin, Olivier; Mont{\`{e}}gue, Sol{\`{e}}ne; Jardri, Renaud; Rolland, Benjamin)

From Duplicate 3 (Psychiatric comorbidities associated with a positive screening using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) test in subjects with severe alcohol use disorder - D'Hondt, Fabien; Lescut, Charles; Maurage, Pierre; Menard, Olivier; Gibour, Bernard; Cottencin, Olivier; Mont{\`{e}}gue, Sol{\`{e}}ne; Jardri, Renaud; Rolland, Benjamin)

Accession Number: 2018-47161-033. Partial author list: First Author & Affiliation: D'Hondt, Fabien; Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 9193–SCALab–Sciences Cognitives et Sciences Affectives, Lille, France. Release Date: 20181203. Publication Type: Journal (0100), Peer Reviewed Journal (0110). Format Covered: Electronic. Document Type: Journal Article. Language: EnglishMajor Descriptor: Alcohol Abuse; Cognitive Impairment; Comorbidity; Screening. Classification: Substance Abuse & Addiction (3233). Population: Human (10); Male (30); Female (40). Location: France. Age Group: Adulthood (18 yrs & older) (300). Tests & Measures: Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale; Barratt Impulsiveness Scale--French Version; Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire-4+--French Version; Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview--French Version; Montreal Cognitive Assessment DOI: 10.1037/t27279-000. Methodology: Empirical Study; Quantitative Study. References Available: Y. Page Count: 4. Issue Publication Date: Oct 1, 2018. Publication History: First Posted Date: Aug 22, 2018; Accepted Date: Jul 9, 2018; Revised Date: Jul 3, 2018; First Submitted Date: May 9, 2018. Copyright Statement: All rights reserved. Elsevier B.V. 2018.},
author = {D'Hondt, Fabien and Lescut, Charles and Maurage, Pierre and Menard, Olivier and Gibour, Bernard and Cottencin, Olivier and Mont{\`{e}}gue, Sol{\`{e}}ne and Jardri, Renaud and Rolland, Benjamin},
doi = {10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2018.07.009},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/D'Hondt et al. - 2018 - Psychiatric comorbidities associated with a positive screening using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) te.pdf:pdf},
issn = {18790046},
journal = {Drug and Alcohol Dependence},
keywords = {Alcohol use disorder,Cognitive impairment,Comorbidity,MoCA},
month = {oct},
number = {May},
pages = {266--269},
pmid = {30153608},
publisher = {Elsevier},
title = {{Psychiatric comorbidities associated with a positive screening using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) test in subjects with severe alcohol use disorder}},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2018.07.009 https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&AuthType=ip,url,uid&db=psyh&AN=2018-47161-033&lang=fr&site=ehost-live orcid: 0000-0003-3663-1405 orcid: 0000-0003-0197-0810 orcid: 0000-0001-5683-0490 htt},
volume = {191},
year = {2018}
}

Background: Patients with severe alcohol use disorder (SAUD) frequently show cognitive deficits that can be efficiently identified using screening tools such as the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) test. These cognitive deficits, which reduce the efficacy of therapeutic interventions and may contribute to dropout and relapse, could be, however, partly due to a treatable other cause. Accordingly, this exploratory study examined whether psychiatric comorbid disorders can induce a positive MoCA screening among recently detoxified SAUD subjects. Methods: One hundred recently detoxified patients with SAUD were divided into two groups according to whether they presented cognitive deficits using the MoCA. Groups were compared for demographic data, SAUD severity, impulsivity, and psychiatric comorbidities. The significant parameters were then introduced in a logistic regression model to establish their relative contributions in a positive MoCA status in SAUD subjects. Results: Among the significant parameters revealed by the bivariable analyses, agoraphobia and current depressive episode were found to be significant predictors of the MoCA status in the multivariable comparisons. Conclusions: A positive MoCA screening for cognitive impairments among post-detoxification SAUD patients could also be related to comorbid agoraphobia and depressive episode rather than to SAUD itself. A comprehensive psychiatric assessment must be performed in SAUD patients so that other potential causes of cognitive deficits, in particular with regard to mood and anxiety disorders, can be identified and treated.

@article{Dormal2018,
abstract = {Objective: Excessive alcohol drinking, particularly among college students, is a major health concern worldwide. The implicit associations between alcohol-related concepts and affective attributes have been repeatedly postulated as a reliable predictor of these drinking behaviors. The Implicit Association Test (IAT) is considered one of the most reliable tasks for measuring these associations and their impact on actual alcohol consumption. However, the majority of these tests used verbal materials as stimuli, thus being unadapted to some categories of participants. The present study aims to develop a new IAT, using pictures exclusively as stimuli, to provide a cross-cultural and language-independent evaluation of implicit associations that is more closely related to real-life drinking contexts. Method: Sixty-five undergraduate young adults took part in this study. A new visual IAT was used to measure the implicit association between alcohol cues and alcohol-related positive attributes. Pictorial stimuli, previously validated, were used to represent both target (alcohol vs. soft drinks) and attribute (positive vs. neutral affective states) categories in seven successive experimental blocks. The IAT was followed by self-reported measures of explicit alcohol-related expectancies and alcohol consumption. Results: The new IAT highlighted significant implicit associations between positively valenced and alcohol-related representations conveyed by pictures, with good internal consistency, thus proving its validity and reliability. Importantly, regression analyses showed that these implicit associations are a strong predictor of self-reported alcohol consumption. Conclusions: This visual IAT further underscores that positive implicit associations with alcohol constitute an important factor in predicting effective alcohol-related behaviors and offers a more ecological and cross-cultural way to test these associations in non–alcohol-dependent populations. Moreover, this version of the IAT might be implemented in prevention and prophylactic programs. (J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs, 79, 733–740, 2018).},
author = {Dormal, Val{\'{e}}rie and Maurage, Pierre and Lannoy, S{\'{e}}verine and D'Hondt, Fabien},
doi = {10.15288/jsad.2018.79.733},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Dormal et al. - 2018 - Positive attitude toward alcohol predicts actual consumption in young adults An ecological implicit association t.pdf:pdf},
issn = {19384114},
journal = {Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs},
month = {sep},
number = {5},
pages = {733--740},
pmid = {30422787},
title = {{Positive attitude toward alcohol predicts actual consumption in young adults: An ecological implicit association test}},
url = {https://www.jsad.com/doi/10.15288/jsad.2018.79.733},
volume = {79},
year = {2018}
}

Objective: Excessive alcohol drinking, particularly among college students, is a major health concern worldwide. The implicit associations between alcohol-related concepts and affective attributes have been repeatedly postulated as a reliable predictor of these drinking behaviors. The Implicit Association Test (IAT) is considered one of the most reliable tasks for measuring these associations and their impact on actual alcohol consumption. However, the majority of these tests used verbal materials as stimuli, thus being unadapted to some categories of participants. The present study aims to develop a new IAT, using pictures exclusively as stimuli, to provide a cross-cultural and language-independent evaluation of implicit associations that is more closely related to real-life drinking contexts. Method: Sixty-five undergraduate young adults took part in this study. A new visual IAT was used to measure the implicit association between alcohol cues and alcohol-related positive attributes. Pictorial stimuli, previously validated, were used to represent both target (alcohol vs. soft drinks) and attribute (positive vs. neutral affective states) categories in seven successive experimental blocks. The IAT was followed by self-reported measures of explicit alcohol-related expectancies and alcohol consumption. Results: The new IAT highlighted significant implicit associations between positively valenced and alcohol-related representations conveyed by pictures, with good internal consistency, thus proving its validity and reliability. Importantly, regression analyses showed that these implicit associations are a strong predictor of self-reported alcohol consumption. Conclusions: This visual IAT further underscores that positive implicit associations with alcohol constitute an important factor in predicting effective alcohol-related behaviors and offers a more ecological and cross-cultural way to test these associations in non–alcohol-dependent populations. Moreover, this version of the IAT might be implemented in prevention and prophylactic programs. (J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs, 79, 733–740, 2018).

@article{Horn2017,
author = {Horn, Mathilde and D'Hondt, Fabien and Gharib, Axelle and Gangloff, Laura and Dumais, Alexandre and Amad, Ali and Thomas, Pierre and Fovet, Thomas and Pins, Delphine},
doi = {10.1016/j.schres.2017.06.031},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Horn et al. - 2018 - Association between familiarity disorders and serious violence among inmates with schizophrenia.pdf:pdf},
issn = {15732509},
journal = {Schizophrenia Research},
keywords = {Adult,Delusions,Humans,Male,Memory Disorders,Psychology,Recognition,Schizophrenia,Schizophrenic Psychology,Violence,Young Adult,complications,etiology,physiology},
language = {eng},
month = {jun},
pages = {447--448},
pmid = {28647494},
title = {{Association between familiarity disorders and serious violence among inmates with schizophrenia}},
url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0920996417303717},
volume = {193},
year = {2018}
}

@article{Lannoy2018,
abstract = {This study evaluated inhibition and performance-monitoring abilities through the explicit processing of alcohol cues. Twenty-two binge drinkers (BD) and 22 control participants performed a speeded Go/No-Go task using pictures of alcohol and soft cans as Go and No-Go targets. This task measures inhibitory control and performance monitoring (i.e., task adjustment through errors and feedback processing) during the explicit processing of alcohol cues. Groups did not significantly differ regarding inhibition abilities. However, BD had poorer performance-monitoring abilities, reflected by a difficulty to adjust after errors, especially when these errors were related to alcohol cues. These findings suggest that the explicit processing of alcohol cues negatively impacts cognitive abilities among BD.},
author = {Lannoy, S{\'{e}}verine Severine and Maurage, Pierre and D'Hondt, Fabien and Billieux, Jo{\"{e}}l Joel and Dormal, Valerie Val{\'{e}}rie},
doi = {10.1159/000490492},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Lannoy et al. - 2018 - Executive Impairments in Binge Drinking Evidence for a Specific Performance-Monitoring Difficulty during Alcohol-.pdf:pdf},
issn = {14219891},
journal = {European Addiction Research},
keywords = {,Alcohol cues,Binge drinking,Inhibition,Performance monitoring},
number = {3},
pages = {118--127},
pmid = {29969784},
title = {{Executive Impairments in Binge Drinking: Evidence for a Specific Performance-Monitoring Difficulty during Alcohol-Related Processing}},
url = {https://www.karger.com/Article/FullText/490492},
volume = {24},
year = {2018}
}

This study evaluated inhibition and performance-monitoring abilities through the explicit processing of alcohol cues. Twenty-two binge drinkers (BD) and 22 control participants performed a speeded Go/No-Go task using pictures of alcohol and soft cans as Go and No-Go targets. This task measures inhibitory control and performance monitoring (i.e., task adjustment through errors and feedback processing) during the explicit processing of alcohol cues. Groups did not significantly differ regarding inhibition abilities. However, BD had poorer performance-monitoring abilities, reflected by a difficulty to adjust after errors, especially when these errors were related to alcohol cues. These findings suggest that the explicit processing of alcohol cues negatively impacts cognitive abilities among BD.

@article{Lannoy2018a,
abstract = {Emotional crossmodal integration (i.e., multisensorial decoding of emotions) is a crucial process that ensures adaptive social behaviors and responses to the environment. Recent evidence suggests that in binge drinking—an excessive alcohol consumption pattern associated with psychological and cerebral deficits—crossmodal integration is preserved at the behavioral level. Although some studies have suggested brain modifications during affective processing in binge drinking, nothing is known about the cerebral correlates of crossmodal integration. In the current study, we asked 53 university students (17 binge drinkers, 17 moderate drinkers, 19 nondrinkers) to perform an emotional crossmodal task while their behavioral and neurophysiological responses were recorded. Participants had to identify happiness and anger in three conditions (unimodal, crossmodal congruent, crossmodal incongruent) and two modalities (face and/or voice). Binge drinkers did not significantly differ from moderate drinkers and nondrinkers at the behavioral level. However, widespread cerebral modifications were found at perceptual (N100) and mainly at decisional (P3b) stages in binge drinkers, indexed by slower brain processing and stronger activity. These cerebral modifications were mostly related to anger processing and crossmodal integration. This study highlights higher electrophysiological activity in the absence of behavioral deficits, which could index a potential compensation process in binge drinkers. In line with results found in severe alcohol-use disorders, these electrophysiological findings show modified anger processing, which might have a deleterious impact on social functioning. Moreover, this study suggests impaired crossmodal integration at early stages of alcohol-related disorders.},
author = {Lannoy, S{\'{e}}verine and D'Hondt, Fabien and Dormal, Val{\'{e}}rie and Blanco, Marine and Brion, M{\'{e}}lanie and Billieux, Jo{\"{e}}l and Campanella, Salvatore and Maurage, Pierre},
doi = {10.3758/s13415-018-0623-3},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Lannoy et al. - 2018 - Electrophysiological correlates of emotional crossmodal processing in binge drinking.pdf:pdf},
issn = {15307026},
journal = {Cognitive, Affective and Behavioral Neuroscience},
keywords = {,Alcohol-use disorders,Binge drinking,Cross-modality,Emotion,Event-related potentials},
language = {eng},
month = {dec},
number = {6},
pages = {1076--1088},
pmid = {30094563},
publisher = {Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience},
title = {{Electrophysiological correlates of emotional crossmodal processing in binge drinking}},
volume = {18},
year = {2018}
}

Emotional crossmodal integration (i.e., multisensorial decoding of emotions) is a crucial process that ensures adaptive social behaviors and responses to the environment. Recent evidence suggests that in binge drinking—an excessive alcohol consumption pattern associated with psychological and cerebral deficits—crossmodal integration is preserved at the behavioral level. Although some studies have suggested brain modifications during affective processing in binge drinking, nothing is known about the cerebral correlates of crossmodal integration. In the current study, we asked 53 university students (17 binge drinkers, 17 moderate drinkers, 19 nondrinkers) to perform an emotional crossmodal task while their behavioral and neurophysiological responses were recorded. Participants had to identify happiness and anger in three conditions (unimodal, crossmodal congruent, crossmodal incongruent) and two modalities (face and/or voice). Binge drinkers did not significantly differ from moderate drinkers and nondrinkers at the behavioral level. However, widespread cerebral modifications were found at perceptual (N100) and mainly at decisional (P3b) stages in binge drinkers, indexed by slower brain processing and stronger activity. These cerebral modifications were mostly related to anger processing and crossmodal integration. This study highlights higher electrophysiological activity in the absence of behavioral deficits, which could index a potential compensation process in binge drinkers. In line with results found in severe alcohol-use disorders, these electrophysiological findings show modified anger processing, which might have a deleterious impact on social functioning. Moreover, this study suggests impaired crossmodal integration at early stages of alcohol-related disorders.

@article{Ameller2017,
abstract = {Objective: Familiarity is a subjective sensation that contributes to person recognition. This process is described as an emotion-based memory-trace of previous meetings and could be disrupted in schizophrenia. Consequently, familiarity disorders could be involved in the impaired social interactions observed in patients with schizophrenia. Previous studies have primarily focused on famous people recognition. Our aim was to identify underlying features, such as emotional disturbances, that may contribute to familiarity disorders in schizophrenia. We hypothesize that patients with familiarity disorders will exhibit a lack of familiarity that could be detected by a flattened skin conductance response (SCR). Method: The SCR was recorded to test the hypothesis that emotional reactivity disturbances occur in patients with schizophrenia during the categorization of specific familiar, famous and unknown faces as male or female. Forty-eight subjects were divided into the following 3 matched groups with 16 subjects per group: control subjects, schizophrenic people with familiarity disorder, and schizophrenic people without familiarity disorders. Results: Emotional arousal is reflected by the skin conductance measures. The control subjects and the patients without familiarity disorders experienced a differential emotional response to the specific familiar faces compared with that to the unknown faces. Nevertheless, overall, the schizophrenic patients without familiarity disorders showed a weaker response across conditions compared with the control subjects. In contrast, the patients with familiarity disorders did not show any significant differences in their emotional response to the faces, regardless of the condition. Conclusion: Only patients with familiarity disorders fail to exhibit a difference in emotional response between familiar and non-familiar faces. These patients likely emotionally process familiar faces similarly to unknown faces. Hence, the lower feelings of familiarity in schizophrenia may be a premise enabling the emergence of familiarity disorders.},
author = {Ameller, Aurely and Picard, Aline and D'Hondt, Fabien and Vaiva, Guillaume and Thomas, Pierre and Pins, Delphine},
doi = {10.3389/fpsyt.2017.00181},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Ameller et al. - 2017 - Implicit Recognition of Familiar and Unfamiliar Faces in Schizophrenia A Study of the Skin Conductance Response.pdf:pdf},
issn = {16640640},
journal = {Frontiers in Psychiatry},
keywords = {Capgras,Familiarity disorders,Fregoli,Schizophrenia,Skin conductance response},
language = {eng},
month = {sep},
number = {SEP},
pages = {181},
pmid = {29033855},
title = {{Implicit recognition of familiar and unfamiliar faces in schizophrenia: A study of the skin conductance response in familiarity disorders}},
url = {http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpsyt.2017.00181/full},
volume = {8},
year = {2017}
}

Objective: Familiarity is a subjective sensation that contributes to person recognition. This process is described as an emotion-based memory-trace of previous meetings and could be disrupted in schizophrenia. Consequently, familiarity disorders could be involved in the impaired social interactions observed in patients with schizophrenia. Previous studies have primarily focused on famous people recognition. Our aim was to identify underlying features, such as emotional disturbances, that may contribute to familiarity disorders in schizophrenia. We hypothesize that patients with familiarity disorders will exhibit a lack of familiarity that could be detected by a flattened skin conductance response (SCR). Method: The SCR was recorded to test the hypothesis that emotional reactivity disturbances occur in patients with schizophrenia during the categorization of specific familiar, famous and unknown faces as male or female. Forty-eight subjects were divided into the following 3 matched groups with 16 subjects per group: control subjects, schizophrenic people with familiarity disorder, and schizophrenic people without familiarity disorders. Results: Emotional arousal is reflected by the skin conductance measures. The control subjects and the patients without familiarity disorders experienced a differential emotional response to the specific familiar faces compared with that to the unknown faces. Nevertheless, overall, the schizophrenic patients without familiarity disorders showed a weaker response across conditions compared with the control subjects. In contrast, the patients with familiarity disorders did not show any significant differences in their emotional response to the faces, regardless of the condition. Conclusion: Only patients with familiarity disorders fail to exhibit a difference in emotional response between familiar and non-familiar faces. These patients likely emotionally process familiar faces similarly to unknown faces. Hence, the lower feelings of familiarity in schizophrenia may be a premise enabling the emergence of familiarity disorders.

@article{Brion2017,
abstract = {Introduction: Decoding emotional information from faces and voices is crucial for efficient interpersonal communication. Emotional decoding deficits have been found in alcohol-dependence (ALC), particularly in crossmodal situations (with simultaneous stimulations from different modalities), but are still underexplored in Korsakoff syndrome (KS). The aim of this study is to determine whether the continuity hypothesis, postulating a gradual worsening of cognitive and brain impairments from ALC to KS, is valid for emotional crossmodal processing. Methods: Sixteen KS, 17 ALC and 19 matched healthy controls (CP) had to detect the emotion (anger or happiness) displayed by auditory, visual or crossmodal auditory-visual stimuli. Crossmodal stimuli were either emotionally congruent (leading to a facilitation effect, i.e. enhanced performance for crossmodal condition compared to unimodal ones) or incongruent (leading to an interference effect, i.e. decreased performance for crossmodal condition due to discordant information across modalities). Reaction times and accuracy were recorded. Results: Crossmodal integration for congruent information was dampened only in ALC, while both ALC and KS demonstrated, compared to CP, decreased performance for decoding emotional facial expressions in the incongruent condition. Conclusions: The crossmodal integration appears impaired in ALC but preserved in KS. Both alcohol-related disorders present an increased interference effect. These results show the interest of more ecological designs, using crossmodal stimuli, to explore emotional decoding in alcohol-related disorders. They also suggest that the continuum hypothesis cannot be generalised to emotional decoding abilities.},
author = {Brion, M{\'{e}}lanie and D'Hondt, Fabien and Lannoy, S{\'{e}}verine and Pitel, Anne Lise and Davidoff, Donald A. and Maurage, Pierre},
doi = {10.1080/13546805.2017.1373639},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Brion et al. - 2017 - Crossmodal processing of emotions in alcohol-dependence and Korsakoff syndrome.pdf:pdf},
issn = {14640619},
journal = {Cognitive Neuropsychiatry},
keywords = {Crossmodal integration,Korsakoff syndrome,alcohol-dependence,emotion},
month = {sep},
number = {5},
pages = {436--451},
pmid = {28885888},
title = {{Crossmodal processing of emotions in alcohol-dependence and Korsakoff syndrome}},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28885888 https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/13546805.2017.1373639 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28885888%0Ahttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/13546805.2017.1373639},
volume = {22},
year = {2017}
}

Introduction: Decoding emotional information from faces and voices is crucial for efficient interpersonal communication. Emotional decoding deficits have been found in alcohol-dependence (ALC), particularly in crossmodal situations (with simultaneous stimulations from different modalities), but are still underexplored in Korsakoff syndrome (KS). The aim of this study is to determine whether the continuity hypothesis, postulating a gradual worsening of cognitive and brain impairments from ALC to KS, is valid for emotional crossmodal processing. Methods: Sixteen KS, 17 ALC and 19 matched healthy controls (CP) had to detect the emotion (anger or happiness) displayed by auditory, visual or crossmodal auditory-visual stimuli. Crossmodal stimuli were either emotionally congruent (leading to a facilitation effect, i.e. enhanced performance for crossmodal condition compared to unimodal ones) or incongruent (leading to an interference effect, i.e. decreased performance for crossmodal condition due to discordant information across modalities). Reaction times and accuracy were recorded. Results: Crossmodal integration for congruent information was dampened only in ALC, while both ALC and KS demonstrated, compared to CP, decreased performance for decoding emotional facial expressions in the incongruent condition. Conclusions: The crossmodal integration appears impaired in ALC but preserved in KS. Both alcohol-related disorders present an increased interference effect. These results show the interest of more ecological designs, using crossmodal stimuli, to explore emotional decoding in alcohol-related disorders. They also suggest that the continuum hypothesis cannot be generalised to emotional decoding abilities.

@article{Brion2017a,
abstract = {Background Alcohol-dependence is related to large-scale cognitive impairments, particularly for executive functions (EF). These deficits persist even after long-term abstinence and have a major impact on patients' everyday life and relapse risk. Earlier studies, based on multi-determined tasks, mostly focused on inhibition and did not offer a theoretically-grounded and exhaustive view of the differential deficit across EF. The present paper proposes a model-based exploration of EF in alcohol-dependent individuals (ALC), to precisely compare the specific deficit related to each executive subcomponent. Methods Forty-seven recently detoxified ALC were compared to 47 matched healthy participants on a nine-tasks validated neuropsychological battery, simultaneously exploring and comparing the three main executive subcomponents (shifting, updating, and inhibition). Psychopathological comorbidities were also controlled for. Results Reaction time indexes revealed a global slowing down among ALC, whatever the EF explored. Accuracy indexes revealed a moderate deficit for inhibition tasks but a massive impairment for shifting and updating ones. Complementary analyses indicated that the executive deficits observed were centrally related to alcohol-dependence, while comorbid depressive symptoms appeared to intensify the deficits observed. Conclusions By offering a direct comparison between the three major EF, these results showed that alcohol-related executive deficits extend beyond the classically described inhibition impairment. This impairment encompasses each EF subcomponent, as ALC actually presented stronger deficits for updating and shifting abilities. This first observation of a multifaceted EF deficit stresses the need for an individualized evaluation and rehabilitation of EF during and/or after the detoxification process.},
author = {Brion, M{\'{e}}lanie and D'Hondt, Fabien and Pitel, Anne Lise and Lecomte, Beno{\^{i}}t and Ferauge, Marc and de Timary, Philippe and Maurage, Pierre},
doi = {10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2017.03.018},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Brion et al. - 2017 - Executive functions in alcohol-dependence A theoretically grounded and integrative exploration.pdf:pdf;:C\:/Users/fabie/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Brion et al. - 2017 - Executive functions in alcohol-dependence A theoretically grounded and integrative exploration(2).pdf:pdf},
issn = {18790046},
journal = {Drug and Alcohol Dependence},
keywords = {Alcohol-dependence,Executive functions,Inhibition,Shifting,Updating},
language = {eng},
month = {aug},
pages = {39--47},
pmid = {28554151},
publisher = {Elsevier Ireland Ltd},
title = {{Executive functions in alcohol-dependence: A theoretically grounded and integrative exploration}},
url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0376871617302028},
volume = {177},
year = {2017}
}

Background Alcohol-dependence is related to large-scale cognitive impairments, particularly for executive functions (EF). These deficits persist even after long-term abstinence and have a major impact on patients' everyday life and relapse risk. Earlier studies, based on multi-determined tasks, mostly focused on inhibition and did not offer a theoretically-grounded and exhaustive view of the differential deficit across EF. The present paper proposes a model-based exploration of EF in alcohol-dependent individuals (ALC), to precisely compare the specific deficit related to each executive subcomponent. Methods Forty-seven recently detoxified ALC were compared to 47 matched healthy participants on a nine-tasks validated neuropsychological battery, simultaneously exploring and comparing the three main executive subcomponents (shifting, updating, and inhibition). Psychopathological comorbidities were also controlled for. Results Reaction time indexes revealed a global slowing down among ALC, whatever the EF explored. Accuracy indexes revealed a moderate deficit for inhibition tasks but a massive impairment for shifting and updating ones. Complementary analyses indicated that the executive deficits observed were centrally related to alcohol-dependence, while comorbid depressive symptoms appeared to intensify the deficits observed. Conclusions By offering a direct comparison between the three major EF, these results showed that alcohol-related executive deficits extend beyond the classically described inhibition impairment. This impairment encompasses each EF subcomponent, as ALC actually presented stronger deficits for updating and shifting abilities. This first observation of a multifaceted EF deficit stresses the need for an individualized evaluation and rehabilitation of EF during and/or after the detoxification process.

@article{DHondt2017,
abstract = {Evidence suggests that social skills are affected by childhood mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), but the neural and affective substrates of these difficulties are still underexplored. In particular, nothing is known about consequences on the perception of emotional facial expressions, despite its critical role in social interactions and the importance of the preschool period in the development of this ability. This study thus aimed to investigate the electrophysiological correlates of emotional facial expressions processing after early mTBI. To this end, 18 preschool children (mean age 53 ± 8 months) who sustained mTBI and 15 matched healthy controls (mean age 55 ± 11 months) were presented with pictures of faces expressing anger, happiness, or no emotion (neutral) while event-related potentials (ERP) were recorded. The main results revealed that P1 amplitude was higher for happy faces than for angry faces, and that N170 latency was shorter for emotional faces than for neutral faces in the control group only. These findings suggest that preschool children who sustain mTBI do not present the early emotional effects that are observed in healthy preschool children at visuospatial and visual expertise stages. This study provides new evidence regarding the consequences of childhood mTBI on socioemotional processing, by showing alterations of emotional facial expressions processing, an ability known to underlie social competence and appropriate social interactions.},
author = {D'Hondt, Fabien and Lassonde, Maryse and Thebault-Dagher, Fanny and Bernier, Annie and Gravel, Jocelyn and Vannasing, Phetsamone and Beauchamp, Miriam H.},
doi = {10.3758/s13415-016-0467-7},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/D'Hondt et al. - 2017 - Electrophysiological correlates of emotional face processing after mild traumatic brain injury in preschool chil.pdf:pdf;:C\:/Users/fabie/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/D'Hondt et al. - 2016 - Electrophysiological correlates of emotional face processing after mild traumatic brain injury in preschool chil.pdf:pdf},
isbn = {1531-135X(Electronic);1530-7026(Print)},
issn = {15307026},
journal = {Cognitive, Affective and Behavioral Neuroscience},
keywords = {Childhood,Emotional facial expression,Event-related potential,Mild traumatic brain injury,Social skills},
language = {eng},
month = {feb},
number = {1},
pages = {124--142},
pmid = {27699681},
title = {{Electrophysiological correlates of emotional face processing after mild traumatic brain injury in preschool children}},
url = {http://link.springer.com/10.3758/s13415-016-0467-7 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27699681},
volume = {17},
year = {2017}
}

Evidence suggests that social skills are affected by childhood mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), but the neural and affective substrates of these difficulties are still underexplored. In particular, nothing is known about consequences on the perception of emotional facial expressions, despite its critical role in social interactions and the importance of the preschool period in the development of this ability. This study thus aimed to investigate the electrophysiological correlates of emotional facial expressions processing after early mTBI. To this end, 18 preschool children (mean age 53 ± 8 months) who sustained mTBI and 15 matched healthy controls (mean age 55 ± 11 months) were presented with pictures of faces expressing anger, happiness, or no emotion (neutral) while event-related potentials (ERP) were recorded. The main results revealed that P1 amplitude was higher for happy faces than for angry faces, and that N170 latency was shorter for emotional faces than for neutral faces in the control group only. These findings suggest that preschool children who sustain mTBI do not present the early emotional effects that are observed in healthy preschool children at visuospatial and visual expertise stages. This study provides new evidence regarding the consequences of childhood mTBI on socioemotional processing, by showing alterations of emotional facial expressions processing, an ability known to underlie social competence and appropriate social interactions.

@article{DHondt2017a,
abstract = {The increase of pathological Internet use recently led to the identification of an “Internet addiction” disorder. While its diagnosis criteria remain unclear, the behavioral consequences of Internet addiction have been widely explored. Its cerebral correlates have also been investigated using electroencephalography, but obtained results have not yet been integrated in a sound theoretical framework. This paper aims at reviewing these studies and at analyzing their results through a dual-process perspective. A systematic literature search was conducted using Pubmed to identify studies in English exploring neural oscillations and/or event-related potentials in individuals displaying problematic Internet use. The 14 articles finally selected show that Internet addiction shares essential features with other addictive states, mainly a joint hypo-activation of the reflective system (decreased executive control abilities) and hyper-activation of the automatic-affective one (excessive affective processing of addiction-related cues). Despite the currently limited data, dual-process models thus appear useful to conceptualize the imbalance between cerebral systems in Internet addiction. We finally propose that future electrophysiological studies should better characterize this disequilibrium between controlled-deliberate and automatic-affective networks, notably by using event-related potentials paradigms focusing on each system separately and on their interactions, but also by better specifying the potential differences between sub-categories of Internet addiction.},
author = {D'Hondt, Fabien and Maurage, Pierre},
doi = {10.1016/j.addbeh.2015.10.012},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/D'Hondt, Maurage - 2017 - Electrophysiological studies in Internet addiction A review within the dual-process framework.pdf:pdf},
isbn = {0306-4603},
issn = {18736327},
journal = {Addictive Behaviors},
keywords = {Dual-process models,Electrophysiology,Event-related potentials,Internet addiction,Problematic Internet use},
month = {jan},
pages = {321--327},
pmid = {26476664},
publisher = {Elsevier Ltd},
title = {{Electrophysiological studies in Internet addiction: A review within the dual-process framework}},
url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0306460315300411 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26476664},
volume = {64},
year = {2017}
}

The increase of pathological Internet use recently led to the identification of an “Internet addiction” disorder. While its diagnosis criteria remain unclear, the behavioral consequences of Internet addiction have been widely explored. Its cerebral correlates have also been investigated using electroencephalography, but obtained results have not yet been integrated in a sound theoretical framework. This paper aims at reviewing these studies and at analyzing their results through a dual-process perspective. A systematic literature search was conducted using Pubmed to identify studies in English exploring neural oscillations and/or event-related potentials in individuals displaying problematic Internet use. The 14 articles finally selected show that Internet addiction shares essential features with other addictive states, mainly a joint hypo-activation of the reflective system (decreased executive control abilities) and hyper-activation of the automatic-affective one (excessive affective processing of addiction-related cues). Despite the currently limited data, dual-process models thus appear useful to conceptualize the imbalance between cerebral systems in Internet addiction. We finally propose that future electrophysiological studies should better characterize this disequilibrium between controlled-deliberate and automatic-affective networks, notably by using event-related potentials paradigms focusing on each system separately and on their interactions, but also by better specifying the potential differences between sub-categories of Internet addiction.

@article{Lannoy2017,
abstract = {Objective Performance monitoring, which allows efficient behavioral regulation using either internal (error processing) or external (feedback processing) cues, has not yet been explored in binge drinking despite its adaptive importance in everyday life, particularly in the regulation of alcohol consumption. Capitalizing on a theoretical model of risky behaviors, the present study aimed at determining the behavioral and electrophysiological correlates of the cognitive (inhibition) and motivational (reward sensitivity) systems during performance monitoring. Methods Event-related potentials were recorded from 20 binge drinkers and 20 non-binge drinkers during two experimental tasks, a speeded Go/No-Go Task [investigating internal error processing by Error-Related Negativity (ERN) and error positivity (Pe)] and a Balloon Analogue Risk Task [investigating external feedback processing by Feedback-Related Negativity (FRN) and P3]. Results While no group differences were observed at the behavioral level, electrophysiological results showed that binge drinkers, despite having intact feedback-related components, presented modified error-monitoring components (i.e. larger ERN amplitude, delayed Pe latency). Conclusions Internal performance monitoring is impaired in binge drinkers, showing an abnormal automatic processing of response errors (ERN) and a decreased processing of their motivational significance (Pe). Significance These results suggest that the electrophysiological correlates of inhibitory control allow identifying the specific binge drinking consumption pattern.},
author = {Lannoy, S{\'{e}}verine and D'Hondt, Fabien and Dormal, Val{\'{e}}rie and Billieux, Jo{\"{e}}l and Maurage, Pierre},
doi = {10.1016/j.clinph.2017.08.005},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Lannoy et al. - 2017 - Electrophysiological correlates of performance monitoring in binge drinking Impaired error-related but preserved.pdf:pdf},
issn = {18728952},
journal = {Clinical Neurophysiology},
keywords = {Decision-making,ERN,FRN,Heavy drinking,Inhibition},
language = {eng},
month = {nov},
number = {11},
pages = {2110--2121},
pmid = {28926739},
title = {{Electrophysiological correlates of performance monitoring in binge drinking: Impaired error-related but preserved feedback processing}},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28926739%0Ahttp://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1388245717309227 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28926739 http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1388245717309227},
volume = {128},
year = {2017}
}

Objective Performance monitoring, which allows efficient behavioral regulation using either internal (error processing) or external (feedback processing) cues, has not yet been explored in binge drinking despite its adaptive importance in everyday life, particularly in the regulation of alcohol consumption. Capitalizing on a theoretical model of risky behaviors, the present study aimed at determining the behavioral and electrophysiological correlates of the cognitive (inhibition) and motivational (reward sensitivity) systems during performance monitoring. Methods Event-related potentials were recorded from 20 binge drinkers and 20 non-binge drinkers during two experimental tasks, a speeded Go/No-Go Task [investigating internal error processing by Error-Related Negativity (ERN) and error positivity (Pe)] and a Balloon Analogue Risk Task [investigating external feedback processing by Feedback-Related Negativity (FRN) and P3]. Results While no group differences were observed at the behavioral level, electrophysiological results showed that binge drinkers, despite having intact feedback-related components, presented modified error-monitoring components (i.e. larger ERN amplitude, delayed Pe latency). Conclusions Internal performance monitoring is impaired in binge drinkers, showing an abnormal automatic processing of response errors (ERN) and a decreased processing of their motivational significance (Pe). Significance These results suggest that the electrophysiological correlates of inhibitory control allow identifying the specific binge drinking consumption pattern.

@article{Maurage2017,
abstract = {Background Emotional and interpersonal impairments have been largely reported in alcohol-dependence, and their role in its development and maintenance is widely established. However, earlier studies have exclusively focused on group comparisons between healthy controls and alcohol-dependent individuals, considering them as a homogeneous population. The variability of socio-emotional profiles in this disorder thus remains totally unexplored. The present study used a cluster analytic approach to explore the heterogeneity of affective and social disorders in alcohol-dependent individuals. Methods 296 recently-detoxified alcohol-dependent patients were first compared with 246 matched healthy controls regarding self-reported emotional (i.e. alexithymia) and social (i.e. interpersonal problems) difficulties. Then, a cluster analysis was performed, focusing on the alcohol-dependent sample, to explore the presence of differential patterns of socio-emotional deficits and their links with demographic, psychopathological and alcohol-related variables. Results The group comparison between alcohol-dependent individuals and controls clearly confirmed that emotional and interpersonal difficulties constitute a key factor in alcohol-dependence. However, the cluster analysis identified five subgroups of alcohol-dependent individuals, presenting distinct combinations of alexithymia and interpersonal problems ranging from a total absence of reported impairment to generalized socio-emotional difficulties. Conclusions Alcohol-dependent individuals should no more be considered as constituting a unitary group regarding their affective and interpersonal difficulties, but rather as a population encompassing a wide variety of socio-emotional profiles. Future experimental studies on emotional and social variables should thus go beyond mere group comparisons to explore this heterogeneity, and prevention programs proposing an individualized evaluation and rehabilitation of these deficits should be promoted.},
author = {Maurage, Pierre and de Timary, Philippe and D'Hondt, Fabien},
doi = {10.1016/j.jad.2017.04.005},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Maurage, Timary, D'Hondt - 2017 - Heterogeneity of emotional and interpersonal difficulties in alcohol-dependence A cluster analytic (2).pdf:pdf},
issn = {15732517},
journal = {Journal of Affective Disorders},
keywords = {Alexithymia,Cluster analysis,Emotion,Interpersonal problems,Social cognition},
month = {aug},
number = {December 2016},
pages = {163--173},
pmid = {28411505},
title = {{Heterogeneity of emotional and interpersonal difficulties in alcohol-dependence: A cluster analytic approach}},
url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0165032716323655},
volume = {217},
year = {2017}
}

Background Emotional and interpersonal impairments have been largely reported in alcohol-dependence, and their role in its development and maintenance is widely established. However, earlier studies have exclusively focused on group comparisons between healthy controls and alcohol-dependent individuals, considering them as a homogeneous population. The variability of socio-emotional profiles in this disorder thus remains totally unexplored. The present study used a cluster analytic approach to explore the heterogeneity of affective and social disorders in alcohol-dependent individuals. Methods 296 recently-detoxified alcohol-dependent patients were first compared with 246 matched healthy controls regarding self-reported emotional (i.e. alexithymia) and social (i.e. interpersonal problems) difficulties. Then, a cluster analysis was performed, focusing on the alcohol-dependent sample, to explore the presence of differential patterns of socio-emotional deficits and their links with demographic, psychopathological and alcohol-related variables. Results The group comparison between alcohol-dependent individuals and controls clearly confirmed that emotional and interpersonal difficulties constitute a key factor in alcohol-dependence. However, the cluster analysis identified five subgroups of alcohol-dependent individuals, presenting distinct combinations of alexithymia and interpersonal problems ranging from a total absence of reported impairment to generalized socio-emotional difficulties. Conclusions Alcohol-dependent individuals should no more be considered as constituting a unitary group regarding their affective and interpersonal difficulties, but rather as a population encompassing a wide variety of socio-emotional profiles. Future experimental studies on emotional and social variables should thus go beyond mere group comparisons to explore this heterogeneity, and prevention programs proposing an individualized evaluation and rehabilitation of these deficits should be promoted.

@article{Brion2016,
abstract = {As earlier research on Korsakoff syndrome (KS), a frequent neurological complication of alcohol-dependence (AD), mainly focused on cognition, affective impairments have been little investigated despite their crucial impact in AD. This article proposes new research avenues on this topic by combining two theoretical frameworks: (a) dual-process models, positing that addictions are due to an imbalance between underactivated reflective system and overactivated affective-automatic one; (b) continuity theory, postulating a gradual worsening of cognitive impairments from AD to KS. We suggest that this joint perspective may renew the current knowledge by clarifying the affective-automatic deficits in KS and their interactions with reflective impairments, but also by offering a direct exploration of the continuity between AD and KS regarding reflective and affective-automatic abilities.},
author = {Brion, M{\'{e}}lanie and D'Hondt, Fabien and Davidoff, Donald A. and Maurage, Pierre},
doi = {10.1177/1754073915594433},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Brion et al. - 2016 - Beyond Cognition Understanding Affective Impairments in Korsakoff Syndrome(3).pdf:pdf},
issn = {17540747},
journal = {Emotion Review},
keywords = {Korsakoff syndrome,cognition,dual-process models,emotion},
month = {oct},
number = {4},
pages = {376--384},
title = {{Beyond Cognition: Understanding Affective Impairments in Korsakoff Syndrome}},
url = {http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1754073915594433},
volume = {8},
year = {2016}
}

As earlier research on Korsakoff syndrome (KS), a frequent neurological complication of alcohol-dependence (AD), mainly focused on cognition, affective impairments have been little investigated despite their crucial impact in AD. This article proposes new research avenues on this topic by combining two theoretical frameworks: (a) dual-process models, positing that addictions are due to an imbalance between underactivated reflective system and overactivated affective-automatic one; (b) continuity theory, postulating a gradual worsening of cognitive impairments from AD to KS. We suggest that this joint perspective may renew the current knowledge by clarifying the affective-automatic deficits in KS and their interactions with reflective impairments, but also by offering a direct exploration of the continuity between AD and KS regarding reflective and affective-automatic abilities.

@article{Brion2016a,
abstract = {This perspective aims at underlining the usefulness of event-related potentials (ERP) to better understand the brain correlates of Korsakoff's syndrome (KS), a neuropsychiatric disease characterized by severe memory impairment and most frequently resulting as a neurological complication of alcohol-dependence (AD). While ERP have been broadly used in AD, it has up to now been very little applied in KS or in the comparison of KS and AD. Within the framework of dual-process models, an influential theory postulating that addictive states result from an imbalance between under-activated reflective system and over-activated automatic-affective one, this paper proposes: (1) a brief synthesis of the main results of ERP studies in AD and KS, and (2) new research avenues using ERP to identify the electrophysiological correlates of cognitive and emotional dysfunction in KS. These experimental perspectives aim at exploring the continuity hypothesis, which postulates a gradient of impairments from AD to KS. We conclude on the possibility of developing neuropsychological strategies with electrophysiological follow-up to ensure KS diagnosis and test the efficacy of patient's neurocognitive rehabilitation.},
author = {Brion, M{\'{e}}lanie and Pitel, Anne Lise and D'Hondt, Fabien},
doi = {10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00168},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Brion, Pitel, D'Hondt - 2016 - New Perspectives in the Exploration of Korsakoff's Syndrome The Usefulness of Neurophysiological Markers.pdf:pdf},
issn = {16641078},
journal = {Frontiers in Psychology},
keywords = {Alcohol-dependence,Cognition,Dual-process models,Electroencephalography,Emotion,Event-related potentials,Korsakoff's syndrome},
number = {February},
pages = {168},
pmid = {26909060},
title = {{New perspectives in the exploration of Korsakoff's syndrome: The usefulness of neurophysiological markers}},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26909060%0Ahttp://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=PMC4754411},
volume = {7},
year = {2016}
}

This perspective aims at underlining the usefulness of event-related potentials (ERP) to better understand the brain correlates of Korsakoff's syndrome (KS), a neuropsychiatric disease characterized by severe memory impairment and most frequently resulting as a neurological complication of alcohol-dependence (AD). While ERP have been broadly used in AD, it has up to now been very little applied in KS or in the comparison of KS and AD. Within the framework of dual-process models, an influential theory postulating that addictive states result from an imbalance between under-activated reflective system and over-activated automatic-affective one, this paper proposes: (1) a brief synthesis of the main results of ERP studies in AD and KS, and (2) new research avenues using ERP to identify the electrophysiological correlates of cognitive and emotional dysfunction in KS. These experimental perspectives aim at exploring the continuity hypothesis, which postulates a gradient of impairments from AD to KS. We conclude on the possibility of developing neuropsychological strategies with electrophysiological follow-up to ensure KS diagnosis and test the efficacy of patient's neurocognitive rehabilitation.

@article{DHondt2016,
abstract = {We investigated explicit and implicit emotional processing in peripheral vision using saccadic choice tasks. Emotional-neutral pairs of scenes were presented peripherally either at 10, 30 or 60 ° away from fixation. The participants had to make a saccadic eye movement to the target scene: emotional vs neutral in the explicit task, and oval vs rectangular in the implicit task. In the explicit task, pleasant scenes were reliably categorized as emotional up to 60° while performance for unpleasant scenes decreased between 10° and 30° and did not differ from chance at 60°. Categorization of neutral scenes did not differ from chance. Performance in the implicit task was significantly better for emotional targets than for neutral targets at 10° and this beneficial effect of emotion persisted only for pleasant scenes at 30°. Thus, these findings show that explicit and implicit emotional processing in peripheral vision depends on eccentricity and valence of stimuli.},
author = {D'Hondt, Fabien and Szaffarczyk, S{\'{e}}bastien and Sequeira, Henrique and Boucart, Muriel},
doi = {10.1016/j.biopsycho.2016.07.014},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/D'Hondt et al. - 2016 - Explicit and implicit emotional processing in peripheral vision A saccadic choice paradigm.pdf:pdf},
issn = {18736246},
journal = {Biological Psychology},
keywords = {Emotion,Eye movement,International affective picture system,Peripheral vision,Visual scenes},
language = {eng},
month = {sep},
pages = {91--100},
pmid = {27423626},
publisher = {Elsevier},
title = {{Explicit and implicit emotional processing in peripheral vision: A saccadic choice paradigm}},
volume = {119},
year = {2016}
}

We investigated explicit and implicit emotional processing in peripheral vision using saccadic choice tasks. Emotional-neutral pairs of scenes were presented peripherally either at 10, 30 or 60 ° away from fixation. The participants had to make a saccadic eye movement to the target scene: emotional vs neutral in the explicit task, and oval vs rectangular in the implicit task. In the explicit task, pleasant scenes were reliably categorized as emotional up to 60° while performance for unpleasant scenes decreased between 10° and 30° and did not differ from chance at 60°. Categorization of neutral scenes did not differ from chance. Performance in the implicit task was significantly better for emotional targets than for neutral targets at 10° and this beneficial effect of emotion persisted only for pleasant scenes at 30°. Thus, these findings show that explicit and implicit emotional processing in peripheral vision depends on eccentricity and valence of stimuli.

@article{Grynberg2016,
abstract = {Emotional and interpersonal deficits play a crucial role in alcohol-related disorders as they predict alcohol consumption and relapse. Recent models of emotion regulation in psychopathology postulate that these deficits are centrally related to increased abstract/analytic repetitive thinking, combined with reduced concrete/experiential repetitive thinking. As this assumption has not been tested in addictions, this study aimed at investigating repetitive thinking modes in a large sample of alcohol-dependent individuals. One hundred recently detoxified alcohol-dependent individuals (29 females; mean age = 49.51-years-old) recruited during the 3rd week of their treatment in a detoxification center were compared to 100 healthy controls (29 females; mean age = 48.51-years-old) recruited in the experimenters' social network, matched at the group level for age, gender, and educational level. All participants completed the Mini Cambridge Exeter Repetitive Thought Scale measuring abstract/analytic and concrete/experiential repetitive thinking modes as well as complementary psychopathological measures (Beck Depression Inventory and State/Trait Anxiety Inventory). Alcohol-dependent individuals have similar levels of concrete repetitive thinking as controls but report significantly higher levels of abstract repetitive thinking (p < 0.001; d = 1.28). This effect remains significant after controlling for depression and anxiety. Relative to healthy controls, alcohol-dependent patients report more frequent use of abstract/analytic repetitive thinking, with preserved concrete/experiential thinking. Despite the cross-sectional nature of the study, the frequent use of abstract repetitive thinking thus appears to constitute a main feature of alcohol-dependence.},
author = {Grynberg, Delphine and de Timary, Philippe and Philippot, Pierre and D'Hondt, Fabien and Briane, Yasmine and Devynck, Faustine and Douilliez, C{\'{e}}line and Billieux, Jo{\"{e}}l and Heeren, Alexandre and Maurage, Pierre},
doi = {10.1080/10550887.2016.1207970},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Grynberg et al. - 2016 - Abstract and concrete repetitive thinking modes in alcohol-dependence.pdf:pdf},
isbn = {1055-0887},
issn = {15450848},
journal = {Journal of Addictive Diseases},
keywords = {Alcohol-dependence,abstract thinking mode,cognitive bias,concrete thinking mode,repetitive thinking},
number = {4},
pages = {238--243},
pmid = {27431454},
title = {{Abstract and concrete repetitive thinking modes in alcohol-dependence}},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27431454},
volume = {35},
year = {2016}
}

Emotional and interpersonal deficits play a crucial role in alcohol-related disorders as they predict alcohol consumption and relapse. Recent models of emotion regulation in psychopathology postulate that these deficits are centrally related to increased abstract/analytic repetitive thinking, combined with reduced concrete/experiential repetitive thinking. As this assumption has not been tested in addictions, this study aimed at investigating repetitive thinking modes in a large sample of alcohol-dependent individuals. One hundred recently detoxified alcohol-dependent individuals (29 females; mean age = 49.51-years-old) recruited during the 3rd week of their treatment in a detoxification center were compared to 100 healthy controls (29 females; mean age = 48.51-years-old) recruited in the experimenters' social network, matched at the group level for age, gender, and educational level. All participants completed the Mini Cambridge Exeter Repetitive Thought Scale measuring abstract/analytic and concrete/experiential repetitive thinking modes as well as complementary psychopathological measures (Beck Depression Inventory and State/Trait Anxiety Inventory). Alcohol-dependent individuals have similar levels of concrete repetitive thinking as controls but report significantly higher levels of abstract repetitive thinking (p < 0.001; d = 1.28). This effect remains significant after controlling for depression and anxiety. Relative to healthy controls, alcohol-dependent patients report more frequent use of abstract/analytic repetitive thinking, with preserved concrete/experiential thinking. Despite the cross-sectional nature of the study, the frequent use of abstract repetitive thinking thus appears to constitute a main feature of alcohol-dependence.

@article{Horn2016a,
abstract = {Recent research has demonstrated the critical role of the feeling of familiarity in recognition memory. Various neuroimaging paradigms have been developed to identify the brain regions that sustain the processing of familiarity; however, there is still considerable controversy about the functional significance of each brain region implicated in familiarity-based retrieval. Here, we focused on the differences between paradigms that assess familiarity, with or without the encoding phase. We used the activation likelihood estimation (ALE) algorithm to conduct a whole-brain meta-analysis of neuroimaging studies that involved a familiarity task. Sixty-nine studies, performed in healthy subjects to determine the specific functions of the identified regions in familiarity processing, were finally selected. Distinct subanalyses were performed according to the experimental procedures used in the original studies. The ALE clusters that were highlighted revealed common activations for paradigms with and without encoding in the prefrontal cortex and in the parietal cortex. Additionally, supplementary activations related to specific familiarity (i.e., without the encoding phase) were observed in the limbic system (i.e., the amygdala, hippocampus, cingulate cortex, and insula) and in the associative sensory areas. The differences in the reported findings for different procedures are possibly due to differences in the concept of familiarity. To aid the exploration of the neural correlates of familiarity in future studies, the strengths and weaknesses of these experimental procedures are critically discussed.},
author = {Horn, Mathilde and Jardri, Renaud and D'Hondt, Fabien and Vaiva, Guillaume and Thomas, Pierre and Pins, Delphine},
doi = {10.3758/s13415-015-0392-1},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Horn et al. - 2016 - The multiple neural networks of familiarity A meta-analysis of functional imaging studies.pdf:pdf},
issn = {15307026},
journal = {Cognitive, Affective and Behavioral Neuroscience},
keywords = {Computer-Assisted,Familiarity,Image Processing,Limbic system,Meta-analysis,Parietal cortex,Prefrontal cortex,fMRI},
language = {eng},
month = {feb},
number = {1},
pages = {176--190},
pmid = {26578525},
title = {{The multiple neural networks of familiarity: A meta-analysis of functional imaging studies}},
url = {http://link.springer.com/10.3758/s13415-015-0392-1},
volume = {16},
year = {2016}
}

Recent research has demonstrated the critical role of the feeling of familiarity in recognition memory. Various neuroimaging paradigms have been developed to identify the brain regions that sustain the processing of familiarity; however, there is still considerable controversy about the functional significance of each brain region implicated in familiarity-based retrieval. Here, we focused on the differences between paradigms that assess familiarity, with or without the encoding phase. We used the activation likelihood estimation (ALE) algorithm to conduct a whole-brain meta-analysis of neuroimaging studies that involved a familiarity task. Sixty-nine studies, performed in healthy subjects to determine the specific functions of the identified regions in familiarity processing, were finally selected. Distinct subanalyses were performed according to the experimental procedures used in the original studies. The ALE clusters that were highlighted revealed common activations for paradigms with and without encoding in the prefrontal cortex and in the parietal cortex. Additionally, supplementary activations related to specific familiarity (i.e., without the encoding phase) were observed in the limbic system (i.e., the amygdala, hippocampus, cingulate cortex, and insula) and in the associative sensory areas. The differences in the reported findings for different procedures are possibly due to differences in the concept of familiarity. To aid the exploration of the neural correlates of familiarity in future studies, the strengths and weaknesses of these experimental procedures are critically discussed.

@article{Maurage2016,
abstract = {Background: Emotional and interpersonal impairments have been widely described in alcohol dependence, and their role in relapse has been clearly established. However, several components of social cognition have not been well explored in this context. Particularly, Theory of Mind (ToM) abilities, which are critical social skills enabling one to understand others' perspectives, and which have been largely investigated in other psychiatric populations, remain to be measured using ecological tasks in individuals with alcohol dependence. This study evaluated ToM abilities in close to real-life situations among alcohol-dependent individuals and differentiated its affective and cognitive subcomponents. Methods: Thirty-two alcohol-dependent individuals (in their third week of abstinence) and 32 matched healthy controls performed the Movie for Assessment of Social Cognition (MASC), a multiple-choice task requiring the identification of the emotions, thoughts, and intentions expressed in 45 short video sequences depicting real-life social interactions. Results: Alcohol-dependent individuals showed a global ToM impairment, indexed by a reduced MASC global score. However, exploration of ToM's subcomponents showed that the overall deficit was driven by a massive reduction in affective ToM, with the cognitive subcomponent preserved. Conclusions: Ecological ToM evaluation shows that alcohol dependence is not related to a generalized ToM deficit but rather to dissociation between a preserved cognitive subcomponent and an impaired affective one. These results underscore the importance of ecological measures to precisely investigate each subcomponent of social cognition in alcohol-dependent individuals. They further show that alcohol dependence is closely associated with emotional-affective impairments, pointing to the need to develop rehabilitation programs focusing on these components in clinical settings.},
author = {Maurage, Pierre and D'Hondt, Fabien and de Timary, Philippe and Mary, Charlotte and Franck, Nicolas and Peyroux, Elodie},
doi = {10.1111/acer.13155},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Maurage et al. - 2016 - Dissociating Affective and Cognitive Theory of Mind in Recently Detoxified Alcohol-Dependent Individuals.pdf:pdf},
isbn = {0145-6008,01456008},
issn = {15300277},
journal = {Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research},
keywords = {Alcohol Dependence,MASC,Social Cognition,Theory of Mind},
language = {eng},
month = {sep},
number = {9},
pages = {1926--1934},
pmid = {27427391},
title = {{Dissociating Affective and Cognitive Theory of Mind in Recently Detoxified Alcohol-Dependent Individuals}},
url = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/acer.13155 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27427391 http://www.embase.com/search/results?subaction=viewrecord&from=export&id=L611273873 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/acer.13155 http://sfx.library.uu.nl/utrecht?sid=EMBASE&issn=1},
volume = {40},
year = {2016}
}

Background: Emotional and interpersonal impairments have been widely described in alcohol dependence, and their role in relapse has been clearly established. However, several components of social cognition have not been well explored in this context. Particularly, Theory of Mind (ToM) abilities, which are critical social skills enabling one to understand others' perspectives, and which have been largely investigated in other psychiatric populations, remain to be measured using ecological tasks in individuals with alcohol dependence. This study evaluated ToM abilities in close to real-life situations among alcohol-dependent individuals and differentiated its affective and cognitive subcomponents. Methods: Thirty-two alcohol-dependent individuals (in their third week of abstinence) and 32 matched healthy controls performed the Movie for Assessment of Social Cognition (MASC), a multiple-choice task requiring the identification of the emotions, thoughts, and intentions expressed in 45 short video sequences depicting real-life social interactions. Results: Alcohol-dependent individuals showed a global ToM impairment, indexed by a reduced MASC global score. However, exploration of ToM's subcomponents showed that the overall deficit was driven by a massive reduction in affective ToM, with the cognitive subcomponent preserved. Conclusions: Ecological ToM evaluation shows that alcohol dependence is not related to a generalized ToM deficit but rather to dissociation between a preserved cognitive subcomponent and an impaired affective one. These results underscore the importance of ecological measures to precisely investigate each subcomponent of social cognition in alcohol-dependent individuals. They further show that alcohol dependence is closely associated with emotional-affective impairments, pointing to the need to develop rehabilitation programs focusing on these components in clinical settings.

@article{Pirmoradi2016,
abstract = {Objective: The aim of this study was to develop a presurgical magnetoencephalography (MEG) protocol to localize and lateralize expressive and receptive language function as well as verbal memory in patients with epilepsy. Two simple language tasks and a different analytical procedure were developed. Methods: Ten healthy participants and 13 epileptic patients completed two language tasks during MEG recording: a verbal memory task and a verbal fluency task. As a first step, principal component analyses (PCA) were performed on source data from the group of healthy participants to identify spatiotemporal factors that were relevant to these paradigms. Averaged source data were used to localize areas activated during each task and a laterality index (LI) was computed on an individual basis for both groups, healthy participants and patients, using sensor data. Results: PCA revealed activation in the left temporal lobe (300 ms) during the verbal memory task, and from the frontal lobe (210ms) to the temporal lobe (500 ms) during the verbal fluency task in healthy participants. Averaged source data showed activity in the left hemisphere (250-750 ms), in Wernicke's area, for all participants. Left hemisphere dominance was demonstrated better using the verbal memory task than the verbal fluency task (F1,19=4.41, p=0.049). Cohen's kappa statistic revealed 93% agreement (k=0.67, p=0.002) between LIs obtained from MEG sensor data and fMRI, the IAT, electrical cortical stimulation or handedness with the verbal memory task for all participants. At 74%, agreement results for the verbal fluency task did not reach statistical significance. Significance: Analysis procedures yielded interesting findings with both tasks and localized language-related activation. However, based on source localization and laterality indices, the verbal memory task yielded better results in the context of the presurgical evaluation of epileptic patients. The verbal fluency task did not add any further information to the verbal memory task as regards language localization and lateralization for most patients and healthy participants that would facilitate decision making prior to surgery.},
author = {Pirmoradi, Mona and Jemel, Boutheina and Gallagher, Anne and Tremblay, Julie and D'Hondt, Fabien and Nguyen, Dang Khoa and B{\'{e}}land, Ren{\'{e}}e and Lassonde, Maryse},
doi = {10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2015.11.015},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Pirmoradi et al. - 2016 - Verbal memory and verbal fluency tasks used for language localization and lateralization during magnetoencepha.pdf:pdf},
issn = {18726844},
journal = {Epilepsy Research},
keywords = {Language,Magnetoencephalography,Presurgical evaluation,Verbal fluency,Verbal memory},
language = {eng},
month = {jan},
pages = {1--9},
pmid = {26656177},
title = {{Verbal memory and verbal fluency tasks used for language localization and lateralization during magnetoencephalography}},
volume = {119},
year = {2016}
}

Objective: The aim of this study was to develop a presurgical magnetoencephalography (MEG) protocol to localize and lateralize expressive and receptive language function as well as verbal memory in patients with epilepsy. Two simple language tasks and a different analytical procedure were developed. Methods: Ten healthy participants and 13 epileptic patients completed two language tasks during MEG recording: a verbal memory task and a verbal fluency task. As a first step, principal component analyses (PCA) were performed on source data from the group of healthy participants to identify spatiotemporal factors that were relevant to these paradigms. Averaged source data were used to localize areas activated during each task and a laterality index (LI) was computed on an individual basis for both groups, healthy participants and patients, using sensor data. Results: PCA revealed activation in the left temporal lobe (300 ms) during the verbal memory task, and from the frontal lobe (210ms) to the temporal lobe (500 ms) during the verbal fluency task in healthy participants. Averaged source data showed activity in the left hemisphere (250-750 ms), in Wernicke's area, for all participants. Left hemisphere dominance was demonstrated better using the verbal memory task than the verbal fluency task (F1,19=4.41, p=0.049). Cohen's kappa statistic revealed 93% agreement (k=0.67, p=0.002) between LIs obtained from MEG sensor data and fMRI, the IAT, electrical cortical stimulation or handedness with the verbal memory task for all participants. At 74%, agreement results for the verbal fluency task did not reach statistical significance. Significance: Analysis procedures yielded interesting findings with both tasks and localized language-related activation. However, based on source localization and laterality indices, the verbal memory task yielded better results in the context of the presurgical evaluation of epileptic patients. The verbal fluency task did not add any further information to the verbal memory task as regards language localization and lateralization for most patients and healthy participants that would facilitate decision making prior to surgery.

@article{Boucher2015,
abstract = {Our comprehension of the neural mechanisms underlying emotional information processing has largely benefited from noninvasive electrophysiological and functional neuroimaging techniques in recent years. However, the spatiotemporal dynamics of the neural events occurring during emotional processing remain imprecise due to the limited combination of spatial and temporal resolution provided by these techniques. This study examines the modulations of high-frequency activity of intracranial electroencephalography recordings associated with affective picture valence, in epileptic patients awaiting neurosurgery. Recordings were obtained from subdural grids and depth electrodes in eight patients while they viewed a series of unpleasant, pleasant and neutral pictures from the International Affective Picture System. Broadband high-gamma (70-150 Hz) power was computed for separate 100-ms time windows and compared according to ratings of emotional valence. Compared to emotionally neutral or pleasant pictures, unpleasant stimuli were associated with an early and long-lasting (≈200-1,000 ms) bilateral increase in high-gamma activity in visual areas of the occipital and temporal lobes, together with a late and transient (≈500-800 ms) decrease found bilaterally in the lateral prefrontal cortex (PFC). Pleasant pictures were associated with increased gamma activity in the occipital cortex, compared to the emotionally neutral stimuli. Consistent with previous studies, our results provide direct evidence of emotion-related modulations in the visual ventral pathway during picture processing. Results in the lateral PFC also shed light on the neural mechanisms underlying its role in negative emotions processing. This study demonstrates the utility of intracranial high-gamma modulations to study emotional process with a high spatiotemporal precision. Hum Brain Mapp, 36:16-28, 2015.},
author = {Boucher, Olivier and D'Hondt, Fabien and Tremblay, Julie and Lepore, Franco and Lassonde, Maryse and Vannasing, Phetsamone and Bouthillier, Alain and Nguyen, Dang Khoa},
doi = {10.1002/hbm.22609},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Boucher et al. - 2015 - Spatiotemporal dynamics of affective picture processing revealed by intracranial high-gamma modulations.pdf:pdf},
issn = {10970193},
journal = {Human Brain Mapping},
keywords = {Affective pictures,Emotion,Fusiform gyrus,Gamma,International affective picture system,Intracranial electroencephalography,Occipital cortex,Prefrontal cortex},
language = {eng},
month = {jan},
number = {1},
pages = {16--28},
pmid = {25142122},
publisher = {John Wiley and Sons Inc.},
title = {{Spatiotemporal dynamics of affective picture processing revealed by intracranial high-gamma modulations}},
volume = {36},
year = {2015}
}

Our comprehension of the neural mechanisms underlying emotional information processing has largely benefited from noninvasive electrophysiological and functional neuroimaging techniques in recent years. However, the spatiotemporal dynamics of the neural events occurring during emotional processing remain imprecise due to the limited combination of spatial and temporal resolution provided by these techniques. This study examines the modulations of high-frequency activity of intracranial electroencephalography recordings associated with affective picture valence, in epileptic patients awaiting neurosurgery. Recordings were obtained from subdural grids and depth electrodes in eight patients while they viewed a series of unpleasant, pleasant and neutral pictures from the International Affective Picture System. Broadband high-gamma (70-150 Hz) power was computed for separate 100-ms time windows and compared according to ratings of emotional valence. Compared to emotionally neutral or pleasant pictures, unpleasant stimuli were associated with an early and long-lasting (≈200-1,000 ms) bilateral increase in high-gamma activity in visual areas of the occipital and temporal lobes, together with a late and transient (≈500-800 ms) decrease found bilaterally in the lateral prefrontal cortex (PFC). Pleasant pictures were associated with increased gamma activity in the occipital cortex, compared to the emotionally neutral stimuli. Consistent with previous studies, our results provide direct evidence of emotion-related modulations in the visual ventral pathway during picture processing. Results in the lateral PFC also shed light on the neural mechanisms underlying its role in negative emotions processing. This study demonstrates the utility of intracranial high-gamma modulations to study emotional process with a high spatiotemporal precision. Hum Brain Mapp, 36:16-28, 2015.

@article{DHondt2015a,
abstract = {Problematic behaviors have emerged with the exponential development of the Internet access, with some individuals failing to constrain their Internet use despite its negative impact on their daily lives. Recent neuropsychological and neuroscience studies have suggested that problematic Internet use is notably associated with increased cue-reactivity and reduced inhibitory control. This review of the electroencephalography (EEG) literature shows that most studies have found that impaired self-control abilities (i.e., inhibition and error monitoring) are associated with underactivated frontal regions in problematic Internet users (PIUs). However, some EEG studies in the domain have also demonstrated alterations in the processing of Internet-related cues and emotional stimuli. As a whole, these data therefore suggest that both reflective (top-down) and automatic/affective (bottom-up) systems, postulated by dual-process models as being determinants in decision making, are impaired among PIUs. On this basis, new research avenues are proposed to better understand the development and maintenance of problematic Internet use, according to six main directions respectively related to (1) the identification of vulnerability biomarkers, (2) the investigation of possible lower level cognitive impairments, (3) the exploration of core reflective and automatic/affective symptoms, (4) the evaluation of Internet use heterogeneity and comorbidities, (5) the development of new neuroscience strategies and (6) the elaboration of behavioral and cognitive interventions.},
author = {D'Hondt, Fabien and Billieux, Jo{\"{e}}l and Maurage, Pierre},
doi = {10.1016/j.neubiorev.2015.10.005},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/D'Hondt, Billieux, Maurage - 2015 - Electrophysiological correlates of problematic Internet use Critical review and perspectives for fut.pdf:pdf},
isbn = {0149-7634},
issn = {18737528},
journal = {Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews},
keywords = {Dual-process models,Electroencephalography,Emotion,Error monitoring,Event-related potential,Inhibition,Problematic Internet use},
month = {dec},
pages = {64--82},
pmid = {26475994},
publisher = {Elsevier Ltd},
title = {{Electrophysiological correlates of problematic Internet use: Critical review and perspectives for future research}},
volume = {59},
year = {2015}
}

Problematic behaviors have emerged with the exponential development of the Internet access, with some individuals failing to constrain their Internet use despite its negative impact on their daily lives. Recent neuropsychological and neuroscience studies have suggested that problematic Internet use is notably associated with increased cue-reactivity and reduced inhibitory control. This review of the electroencephalography (EEG) literature shows that most studies have found that impaired self-control abilities (i.e., inhibition and error monitoring) are associated with underactivated frontal regions in problematic Internet users (PIUs). However, some EEG studies in the domain have also demonstrated alterations in the processing of Internet-related cues and emotional stimuli. As a whole, these data therefore suggest that both reflective (top-down) and automatic/affective (bottom-up) systems, postulated by dual-process models as being determinants in decision making, are impaired among PIUs. On this basis, new research avenues are proposed to better understand the development and maintenance of problematic Internet use, according to six main directions respectively related to (1) the identification of vulnerability biomarkers, (2) the investigation of possible lower level cognitive impairments, (3) the exploration of core reflective and automatic/affective symptoms, (4) the evaluation of Internet use heterogeneity and comorbidities, (5) the development of new neuroscience strategies and (6) the elaboration of behavioral and cognitive interventions.

@article{DHondt2015,
abstract = {Background: Emotional deficits have been widely described in alcohol-dependence, but several subtle and critical emotional decoding abilities remain to be investigated. In particular, the ability of alcohol-dependent individuals to process emotionally ambiguous facial stimuli, which are more frequent in everyday life than full emotional facial expressions, remains poorly understood. The present study used a categorical perception paradigm to evaluate the identification of mixed emotional facial expressions among alcohol-dependent participants. Method: Nineteen recently detoxified participants with alcohol-dependence and 19 healthy controls were presented with facial stimuli depicting four emotional facial expressions (happy, angry, sad, and neutral), morphed along continua between each possible pair of emotions. Participants had to indicate the predominant emotion within the randomly presented facial stimuli. For each emotional category, a logistic function that estimated the percentage of identification according to the morph steps was adjusted for each participant's data. Results: While there was no significant group difference regarding the response slope (p=0.502, $\eta$p2=0.014), the identification threshold was significantly increased in alcohol-dependent participants compared to controls (p=0.007, $\eta$p2=0.204), independently of the emotional category. Conclusions: The categorical perception of emotional facial expression per se appeared preserved in alcohol-dependence, but alcohol-dependent participants exhibited a bias in emotional facial expression decoding characterized by a global under-identification. This study is the first to evidence a deficit of alcohol-dependent individuals in the processing of ambiguous emotional facial expressions by using this emotional continuum paradigm measuring the categorical perception effect.},
author = {D'Hondt, Fabien and de Timary, Philippe and Bruneau, Yaelle and Maurage, Pierre},
doi = {10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.09.017},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/D'Hondt et al. - 2015 - Categorical perception of emotional facial expressions in alcohol-dependence.pdf:pdf},
isbn = {1096-0457 (Electronic)\r0022-0965 (Linking)},
issn = {18790046},
journal = {Drug and Alcohol Dependence},
keywords = {Alcohol-dependence,Categorical perception,Emotional facial expression,Identification,Morph},
month = {nov},
pages = {267--274},
pmid = {26433563},
title = {{Categorical perception of emotional facial expressions in alcohol-dependence}},
url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S037687161501666X http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26433563 http://10.0.3.248/j.drugalcdep.2015.09.017%5Cnhttp://offcampus.lib.washington.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h},
volume = {156},
year = {2015}
}

Background: Emotional deficits have been widely described in alcohol-dependence, but several subtle and critical emotional decoding abilities remain to be investigated. In particular, the ability of alcohol-dependent individuals to process emotionally ambiguous facial stimuli, which are more frequent in everyday life than full emotional facial expressions, remains poorly understood. The present study used a categorical perception paradigm to evaluate the identification of mixed emotional facial expressions among alcohol-dependent participants. Method: Nineteen recently detoxified participants with alcohol-dependence and 19 healthy controls were presented with facial stimuli depicting four emotional facial expressions (happy, angry, sad, and neutral), morphed along continua between each possible pair of emotions. Participants had to indicate the predominant emotion within the randomly presented facial stimuli. For each emotional category, a logistic function that estimated the percentage of identification according to the morph steps was adjusted for each participant's data. Results: While there was no significant group difference regarding the response slope (p=0.502, $η$p2=0.014), the identification threshold was significantly increased in alcohol-dependent participants compared to controls (p=0.007, $η$p2=0.204), independently of the emotional category. Conclusions: The categorical perception of emotional facial expression per se appeared preserved in alcohol-dependence, but alcohol-dependent participants exhibited a bias in emotional facial expression decoding characterized by a global under-identification. This study is the first to evidence a deficit of alcohol-dependent individuals in the processing of ambiguous emotional facial expressions by using this emotional continuum paradigm measuring the categorical perception effect.

@article{Hennion2015,
abstract = {The objectives of the present study were to (i) better characterize visual emotional experience in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), (ii) identify clinical risk factors that might be predictive of a change in emotional experience, and (iii) study the relationships between emotional experience and psychobehavioral/quality-of-life factors. Fifty patients with TLE and fifty matched controls evaluated the emotional content of unpleasant, pleasant, and neutral pictures with respect to their valence (unpleasant-to-pleasant) and arousal (low-to-high) levels. Demographic, cognitive, and psychobehavioral data were recorded for all participants, and clinical data and factors related to quality of life were also collected for patients with TLE. There were no significant differences between the group with TLE and the control group in terms of valence evaluations. However, arousal scores for neutral pictures were significantly higher in patients with TLE than in controls. There was also a nonsignificant trend towards lower arousal scores for pleasant pictures in patients with TLE than in controls. Although none of the recorded clinical factors were found to be related to emotional experience, the level of apathy was predictive of greater arousal experience for neutral pictures in patients with TLE. In conclusion, emotional experience appears to be modified in TLE and might be related to apathy. Changes in emotional experience should be taken into account in studies in which neutral stimuli are used to establish a baseline level when assessing emotional and cognitive processing.},
author = {Hennion, Sophie and Sequeira, Henrique and D'Hondt, Fabien and Duhamel, Alain and Lopes, Renaud and Tyvaert, Louise and Derambure, Philippe and Szurhaj, William and Delbeuck, Xavier},
doi = {10.1016/j.yebeh.2015.02.005},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Hennion et al. - 2015 - Arousal in response to neutral pictures is modified in temporal lobe epilepsy.pdf:pdf},
isbn = {15255050 (ISSN)},
issn = {15255069},
journal = {Epilepsy and Behavior},
keywords = {Apathy,Arousal,Emotional experience,Social cognition,Temporal lobe epilepsy},
pages = {15--20},
pmid = {25792137},
title = {{Arousal in response to neutral pictures is modified in temporal lobe epilepsy}},
volume = {45},
year = {2015}
}

The objectives of the present study were to (i) better characterize visual emotional experience in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), (ii) identify clinical risk factors that might be predictive of a change in emotional experience, and (iii) study the relationships between emotional experience and psychobehavioral/quality-of-life factors. Fifty patients with TLE and fifty matched controls evaluated the emotional content of unpleasant, pleasant, and neutral pictures with respect to their valence (unpleasant-to-pleasant) and arousal (low-to-high) levels. Demographic, cognitive, and psychobehavioral data were recorded for all participants, and clinical data and factors related to quality of life were also collected for patients with TLE. There were no significant differences between the group with TLE and the control group in terms of valence evaluations. However, arousal scores for neutral pictures were significantly higher in patients with TLE than in controls. There was also a nonsignificant trend towards lower arousal scores for pleasant pictures in patients with TLE than in controls. Although none of the recorded clinical factors were found to be related to emotional experience, the level of apathy was predictive of greater arousal experience for neutral pictures in patients with TLE. In conclusion, emotional experience appears to be modified in TLE and might be related to apathy. Changes in emotional experience should be taken into account in studies in which neutral stimuli are used to establish a baseline level when assessing emotional and cognitive processing.

@article{Horn2015,
abstract = {Familiarity is a crucial aspect of recognition that may be perturbed in schizophrenia patients (SZP) and may lead to delusional disorders. However, there are no existing guidelines on how to assess and treat familiarity disorders in schizophrenia. Some experimental studies have investigated familiarity processing in SZP but have produced inconsistent results, which are likely a result of methodological issues. Moreover, these studies only assessed whether familiarity processing is preserved or impaired in SZP, but not the tendency of SZP to consider unfamiliar stimuli to be familiar. By using a familiarity continuum task based on the existence of the categorical perception effect, the objective of this study was to determine whether SZP present hyper- or hypo-familiarity. To this purpose, 15 SZP and 15 healthy subjects (HS) were presented with facial stimuli, which consisted of picture morphs of unfamiliar faces and faces that were personally familiar to the participants. The percentage of the familiar face contained in the morph ranged from 5 to 95%. The participants were asked to press a button when they felt familiar with the face that was presented. The main results revealed a higher percentage of familiarity responses for SZP compared with HS from the stimuli with low levels of familiarity in the morph and a lower familiarity threshold, suggesting a hyper-familiarity disorder in SZP. Moreover, the intensity of this "hyper-familiarity" was correlated with positive symptoms. This finding clearly suggests the need for a more systematic integration of an assessment of familiarity processing in schizophrenia symptoms assessments.},
author = {Horn, Mathilde and D'Hondt, Fabien and Vaiva, Guillaume and Thomas, Pierre and Pins, Delphine},
doi = {10.1016/j.jpsychires.2015.09.015},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Horn et al. - 2015 - Categorical perception of familiarity Evidence for a hyper-familiarity in schizophrenia.pdf:pdf},
issn = {18791379},
journal = {Journal of Psychiatric Research},
keywords = {Categorical perception,Familiarity,Morph,Schizophrenia},
language = {eng},
month = {dec},
pages = {63--69},
pmid = {26452199},
publisher = {Elsevier Ltd},
title = {{Categorical perception of familiarity: Evidence for a hyper-familiarity in schizophrenia}},
volume = {71},
year = {2015}
}

Familiarity is a crucial aspect of recognition that may be perturbed in schizophrenia patients (SZP) and may lead to delusional disorders. However, there are no existing guidelines on how to assess and treat familiarity disorders in schizophrenia. Some experimental studies have investigated familiarity processing in SZP but have produced inconsistent results, which are likely a result of methodological issues. Moreover, these studies only assessed whether familiarity processing is preserved or impaired in SZP, but not the tendency of SZP to consider unfamiliar stimuli to be familiar. By using a familiarity continuum task based on the existence of the categorical perception effect, the objective of this study was to determine whether SZP present hyper- or hypo-familiarity. To this purpose, 15 SZP and 15 healthy subjects (HS) were presented with facial stimuli, which consisted of picture morphs of unfamiliar faces and faces that were personally familiar to the participants. The percentage of the familiar face contained in the morph ranged from 5 to 95%. The participants were asked to press a button when they felt familiar with the face that was presented. The main results revealed a higher percentage of familiarity responses for SZP compared with HS from the stimuli with low levels of familiarity in the morph and a lower familiarity threshold, suggesting a hyper-familiarity disorder in SZP. Moreover, the intensity of this "hyper-familiarity" was correlated with positive symptoms. This finding clearly suggests the need for a more systematic integration of an assessment of familiarity processing in schizophrenia symptoms assessments.

@article{DHondt2014,
abstract = {Studies that have carried out experimental evaluation of emotional skills in alcohol-dependence have, up to now, been mainly focused on the exploration of emotional facial expressions (EFE) decoding. In the present paper, we provide some complements to the recent systematic literature review published by Donadon and de Lima Os{\'{o}}rio on this crucial topic. We also suggest research avenues that must be, in our opinion, considered in the coming years. More precisely, we propose, first, that a battery integrating a set of emotional tasks relating to different processes should be developed to better systemize EFE decoding measures in alcohol-dependence. Second, we propose to go below EFE recognition deficits and to seek for the roots of those alterations, particularly by investigating the putative role played by early visual processing and vision–emotion interactions in the emotional impairment observed in alcohol-dependence. Third, we insist on the need to go beyond EFE recognition deficits by suggesting that they only constitute a part of wider emotional deficits in alcohol-dependence. Importantly, since the efficient decoding of emotions is a crucial ability for the development and maintenance of satisfactory interpersonal relationships, we suggest that disruption of this ability in alcohol-dependent individuals may have adverse consequences for their social integration. One way to achieve this research agenda would be to develop the field of affective and social neuroscience of alcohol-dependence, which could ultimately lead to major advances at both theoretical and therapeutic levels.},
author = {D'Hondt, Fabien and Campanella, Salvatore and Kornreich, Charles and Philippot, Pierre and Maurage, Pierre},
doi = {10.2147/NDT.S74963},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/D'Hondt et al. - 2014 - Below and beyond the recognition of emotional facial expressions in alcohol dependence From basic perception to.pdf:pdf},
issn = {11782021},
journal = {Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment},
keywords = {Alcohol-dependence,Emotion,Social cognition,Vision},
month = {nov},
pages = {2177--2182},
pmid = {25429220},
title = {{Below and beyond the recognition of emotional facial expressions in alcohol dependence: From basic perception to social cognition}},
url = {http://www.dovepress.com/below-and-beyond-the-recognition-of-emotional-facial-expressions-in-al-peer-reviewed-article-NDT http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25429220 http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=PMC4242687 https://www.dovepres},
volume = {10},
year = {2014}
}

Studies that have carried out experimental evaluation of emotional skills in alcohol-dependence have, up to now, been mainly focused on the exploration of emotional facial expressions (EFE) decoding. In the present paper, we provide some complements to the recent systematic literature review published by Donadon and de Lima Osório on this crucial topic. We also suggest research avenues that must be, in our opinion, considered in the coming years. More precisely, we propose, first, that a battery integrating a set of emotional tasks relating to different processes should be developed to better systemize EFE decoding measures in alcohol-dependence. Second, we propose to go below EFE recognition deficits and to seek for the roots of those alterations, particularly by investigating the putative role played by early visual processing and vision–emotion interactions in the emotional impairment observed in alcohol-dependence. Third, we insist on the need to go beyond EFE recognition deficits by suggesting that they only constitute a part of wider emotional deficits in alcohol-dependence. Importantly, since the efficient decoding of emotions is a crucial ability for the development and maintenance of satisfactory interpersonal relationships, we suggest that disruption of this ability in alcohol-dependent individuals may have adverse consequences for their social integration. One way to achieve this research agenda would be to develop the field of affective and social neuroscience of alcohol-dependence, which could ultimately lead to major advances at both theoretical and therapeutic levels.

@article{DHondt2014a,
abstract = {Background The priority processing of peripherally presented affective stimuli was recently shown in healthy individuals to divert attentional resources dedicated to foveal processing. Here we investigated the influence of sub-clinical levels of anxiety and depression on this bias. Methods Eighty-four participants were submitted to psychological tests that evaluate anxiety and depression levels. Then, they had to make speeded responses to the direction of left- or right-oriented arrows that were presented foveally at fixation. Each arrow was preceded by a peripherally presented pair of pictures, one neutral and one emotional, unpleasant or pleasant. Thus, the direction of the foveal arrow was either congruent or not with the peripheral location of the previously presented emotional picture. Data analysis focused on the differences of reaction times between congruent and incongruent conditions, which assess the spatial response bias in the task. Results A main effect of state-anxiety was observed suggesting that the higher the level of state-anxiety, the greater the congruence effect. Limitations Since the obtained result relates to subclinical anxiety levels, its generalization to anxiety disorders remains tentative. Conclusions State-anxiety appears to modulate the propensity to be influenced by emotionally salient information occurring in peripheral vision, independently of its relevance to the ongoing behavior. The long-term persistence of a high level of alertness for emotional cues in visual periphery could contribute to the causation and the maintenance of anxiety disorders. {\textcopyright} 2013 Elsevier B.V.},
author = {D'Hondt, Fabien and Honor{\'{e}}, Jacques and Williot, Alexandre and Sequeira, Henrique},
doi = {10.1016/j.jad.2013.05.051},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/D'Hondt et al. - 2014 - State anxiety modulates the impact of peripherally presented affective stimuli on foveal processing.pdf:pdf},
isbn = {1573-2517 (Electronic)\r0165-0327 (Linking)},
issn = {01650327},
journal = {Journal of Affective Disorders},
keywords = {Attention,Depression,Emotion,Peripheral vision,State-anxiety,Trait-anxiety},
language = {eng},
month = {jan},
number = {1},
pages = {91--96},
pmid = {23768530},
title = {{State anxiety modulates the impact of peripherally presented affective stimuli on foveal processing}},
volume = {152-154},
year = {2014}
}

Background The priority processing of peripherally presented affective stimuli was recently shown in healthy individuals to divert attentional resources dedicated to foveal processing. Here we investigated the influence of sub-clinical levels of anxiety and depression on this bias. Methods Eighty-four participants were submitted to psychological tests that evaluate anxiety and depression levels. Then, they had to make speeded responses to the direction of left- or right-oriented arrows that were presented foveally at fixation. Each arrow was preceded by a peripherally presented pair of pictures, one neutral and one emotional, unpleasant or pleasant. Thus, the direction of the foveal arrow was either congruent or not with the peripheral location of the previously presented emotional picture. Data analysis focused on the differences of reaction times between congruent and incongruent conditions, which assess the spatial response bias in the task. Results A main effect of state-anxiety was observed suggesting that the higher the level of state-anxiety, the greater the congruence effect. Limitations Since the obtained result relates to subclinical anxiety levels, its generalization to anxiety disorders remains tentative. Conclusions State-anxiety appears to modulate the propensity to be influenced by emotionally salient information occurring in peripheral vision, independently of its relevance to the ongoing behavior. The long-term persistence of a high level of alertness for emotional cues in visual periphery could contribute to the causation and the maintenance of anxiety disorders. © 2013 Elsevier B.V.

@article{DHondt2014b,
abstract = {Emotional visual perception deficits constitute a major problem in alcohol-dependence. Indeed, the ability to assess the affective content of external cues is a key adaptive function, as it allows on the one hand the processing of potentially threatening or advantageous stimuli, and on the other hand the establishment of appropriate social interactions (by enabling rapid decoding of the affective state of others from their facial expressions). While such deficits have been classically considered as reflecting a genuine emotion decoding impairment in alcohol-dependence, converging evidence suggests that underlying visual deficits might play a role in emotional alterations. This hypothesis appears to be relevant especially as data from healthy populations indicate that a coarse but fast analysis of visual inputs would allow emotional processing to arise from early stages of perception. After reviewing those findings and the associated models, the present paper underlines data showing that rapid interactions between emotion and vision could be impaired in alcohol-dependence and provides new research avenues that may ultimately offer a better understanding of the roots of emotional deficits in this pathological state. {\textcopyright} 2014 D'Hondt, Lepore and Maurage.},
author = {D'Hondt, Fabien and Lepore, Franco and Maurage, Pierre},
doi = {10.3389/fnhum.2014.00128},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/D'Hondt, Lepore, Maurage - 2014 - Are visual impairments responsible for emotion decoding deficits in alcohol-dependence.pdf:pdf},
isbn = {1662-5161 (Electronic)\r1662-5161 (Linking)},
issn = {16625161},
journal = {Frontiers in Human Neuroscience},
keywords = {Alcohol-dependence,Amygdala,Dorsal visual stream,Emotion,Magnocellular pathways,Orbitofrontal cortex,Vision},
month = {mar},
number = {MAR},
pages = {128},
pmid = {24653688},
title = {{Are visual impairments responsible for emotion decoding deficits in alcohol-dependence?}},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24653688 http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fnhum.2014.00128/abstract http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=PMC3948105},
volume = {8},
year = {2014}
}

Emotional visual perception deficits constitute a major problem in alcohol-dependence. Indeed, the ability to assess the affective content of external cues is a key adaptive function, as it allows on the one hand the processing of potentially threatening or advantageous stimuli, and on the other hand the establishment of appropriate social interactions (by enabling rapid decoding of the affective state of others from their facial expressions). While such deficits have been classically considered as reflecting a genuine emotion decoding impairment in alcohol-dependence, converging evidence suggests that underlying visual deficits might play a role in emotional alterations. This hypothesis appears to be relevant especially as data from healthy populations indicate that a coarse but fast analysis of visual inputs would allow emotional processing to arise from early stages of perception. After reviewing those findings and the associated models, the present paper underlines data showing that rapid interactions between emotion and vision could be impaired in alcohol-dependence and provides new research avenues that may ultimately offer a better understanding of the roots of emotional deficits in this pathological state. © 2014 D'Hondt, Lepore and Maurage.

@article{DHondt2013,
abstract = {Affectively salient stimuli are capable of capturing attentional resources which allow the brain to change the current course of action in order to respond to potentially advantageous or threatening stimuli. Here, we investigated the behavioral and cerebral impact of peripherally presented affective stimuli on the subsequent processing of foveal information. To this end, we recorded whole-head magnetoencephalograms from 12 participants while they made speeded responses to the direction of left- or right-oriented arrows that were presented foveally at fixation. Each arrow was preceded by a peripherally presented pair of pictures, one emotional (unpleasant or pleasant), and one neutral. Paired pictures were presented at 12° of eccentricity to the left and right of a central fixation cross. We observed that the participants responded more quickly when the orientation of the arrow was congruent with the location of the previously presented emotional scene. Results show that non-predictive emotional information in peripheral vision interferes with subsequent responses to foveally presented targets. Importantly, this behavioral effect was correlated with an early ($\sim$135msec) increase of left fronto-central activity for the emotionally congruent combination, whose cerebral sources were notably located in the left orbitofrontal cortex. We therefore suggest that the prior spatial distribution of emotional salience, like physical salience, grabs attentional resources and modifies the performance in the center of the visual field. Thus, these data shed light on the neurobehavioral correlates of the emotional coding of visual space. {\textcopyright} 2012 Elsevier Ltd.},
author = {D'Hondt, Fabien and Lassonde, Maryse and Collignon, Olivier and Lepore, Franco and Honor{\'{e}}, Jacques and Sequeira, Henrique},
doi = {10.1016/j.cortex.2012.12.013},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/D'Hondt et al. - 2013 - Emotions Guide Us Behavioral and MEG correlates(2).pdf:pdf;:C\:/Users/fabie/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/D'Hondt et al. - 2013 - Emotions Guide Us Behavioral and MEG correlates(3).pdf:pdf},
isbn = {00109452 (ISSN)},
issn = {00109452},
journal = {Cortex},
keywords = {Attention,Emotion,International affective picture system,Magneto-encephalography,Peripheral vision},
month = {oct},
number = {9},
pages = {2473--2483},
pmid = {23332317},
title = {{"Emotions Guide Us": Behavioral and MEG correlates}},
url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S001094521200370X http://europepmc.org/abstract/med/23332317},
volume = {49},
year = {2013}
}

Affectively salient stimuli are capable of capturing attentional resources which allow the brain to change the current course of action in order to respond to potentially advantageous or threatening stimuli. Here, we investigated the behavioral and cerebral impact of peripherally presented affective stimuli on the subsequent processing of foveal information. To this end, we recorded whole-head magnetoencephalograms from 12 participants while they made speeded responses to the direction of left- or right-oriented arrows that were presented foveally at fixation. Each arrow was preceded by a peripherally presented pair of pictures, one emotional (unpleasant or pleasant), and one neutral. Paired pictures were presented at 12° of eccentricity to the left and right of a central fixation cross. We observed that the participants responded more quickly when the orientation of the arrow was congruent with the location of the previously presented emotional scene. Results show that non-predictive emotional information in peripheral vision interferes with subsequent responses to foveally presented targets. Importantly, this behavioral effect was correlated with an early ($∼$135msec) increase of left fronto-central activity for the emotionally congruent combination, whose cerebral sources were notably located in the left orbitofrontal cortex. We therefore suggest that the prior spatial distribution of emotional salience, like physical salience, grabs attentional resources and modifies the performance in the center of the visual field. Thus, these data shed light on the neurobehavioral correlates of the emotional coding of visual space. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd.

@article{Rigoulot2012,
abstract = {Emotional facial expressions (EFE) are efficiently processed when both attention and gaze are focused on them. However, what kind of processing persists when EFE are neither the target of attention nor of gaze remains largely unknown. Consequently, in this experiment we investigated whether the implicit processing of faces displayed in far periphery could still be modulated by their emotional expression. Happy, fearful and neutral faces appeared randomly for 300. ms at four peripheral locations of a panoramic screen (15 and 30° in the right and left visual fields). Reaction times and electrophysiological responses were recorded from 32 participants who had to categorize these faces according to their gender. A decrease of behavioral performance was specifically found for happy and fearful faces, probably because emotional content was automatically processed and interfered with information necessary to the task. A spatio-temporal principal component analysis of electrophysiological data confirmed an enhancement of early activity in occipito-temporal areas for emotional faces in comparison with neutral ones. Overall, these data show an implicit processing of EFE despite the strong decrease of visual performance with eccentricity. Therefore, the present research suggests that EFE could be automatically detected in peripheral vision, confirming the abilities of humans to process emotional saliency in very impoverished conditions of vision. {\textcopyright} 2012 Elsevier Ltd.},
author = {Rigoulot, Simon and D'Hondt, Fabien and Honor{\'{e}}, Jacques and Sequeira, Henrique},
doi = {10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2012.08.015},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Rigoulot et al. - 2012 - Implicit emotional processing in peripheral vision Behavioral and neural evidence.pdf:pdf},
isbn = {1873-3514 (Electronic)
0028-3932 (Linking)},
issn = {00283932},
journal = {Neuropsychologia},
keywords = {Emotion,Event-related potentials,Facial expression,Implicit,Peripheral vision},
language = {eng},
month = {oct},
number = {12},
pages = {2887--2896},
pmid = {22944003},
title = {{Implicit emotional processing in peripheral vision: Behavioral and neural evidence}},
volume = {50},
year = {2012}
}

Emotional facial expressions (EFE) are efficiently processed when both attention and gaze are focused on them. However, what kind of processing persists when EFE are neither the target of attention nor of gaze remains largely unknown. Consequently, in this experiment we investigated whether the implicit processing of faces displayed in far periphery could still be modulated by their emotional expression. Happy, fearful and neutral faces appeared randomly for 300. ms at four peripheral locations of a panoramic screen (15 and 30° in the right and left visual fields). Reaction times and electrophysiological responses were recorded from 32 participants who had to categorize these faces according to their gender. A decrease of behavioral performance was specifically found for happy and fearful faces, probably because emotional content was automatically processed and interfered with information necessary to the task. A spatio-temporal principal component analysis of electrophysiological data confirmed an enhancement of early activity in occipito-temporal areas for emotional faces in comparison with neutral ones. Overall, these data show an implicit processing of EFE despite the strong decrease of visual performance with eccentricity. Therefore, the present research suggests that EFE could be automatically detected in peripheral vision, confirming the abilities of humans to process emotional saliency in very impoverished conditions of vision. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd.

@article{Rigoulot2011,
abstract = {Many studies provided evidence that the emotional content of visual stimulations modulates behavioral performance and neuronal activity. Surprisingly, these studies were carried out using stimulations presented in the center of the visual field while the majority of visual events firstly appear in the peripheral visual field. In this study, we assessed the impact of the emotional facial expression of fear when projected in near and far periphery. Sixteen participants were asked to categorize fearful and neutral faces projected at four peripheral visual locations (15° and 30° of eccentricity in right and left sides of the visual field) while reaction times and event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded. ERPs were analyzed by means of spatio-temporal principal component and baseline-to-peak methods. Behavioral data confirmed the decrease of performance with eccentricity and showed that fearful faces induced shorter reaction times than neutral ones. Electrophysiological data revealed that the spatial position and the emotional content of faces modulated ERPs components. In particular, the amplitude of N170 was enhanced by fearful facial expression. These findings shed light on how visual eccentricity modulates the processing of emotional faces and suggest that, despite impoverished visual conditions, the preferential neural coding of fearful expression of faces still persists in far peripheral vision. The emotional content of faces could therefore contribute to their foveal or attentional capture, like in social interactions. {\textcopyright} 2011 Elsevier Ltd.},
author = {Rigoulot, Simon and D'Hondt, Fabien and Defoort-Dhellemmes, Sabine and Despretz, Pascal and Honor{\'{e}}, Jacques and Sequeira, Henrique},
doi = {10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2011.03.031},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/Rigoulot et al. - 2011 - Fearful faces impact in peripheral vision Behavioral and neural evidence.pdf:pdf},
isbn = {1873-3514 (Electronic)\n0028-3932 (Linking)},
issn = {18733514},
journal = {Neuropsychologia},
keywords = {ERP,Emotion,Fear,N170,PCA,Peripheral vision},
language = {eng},
month = {jun},
number = {7},
pages = {2013--2021},
pmid = {21453712},
title = {{Fearful faces impact in peripheral vision: Behavioral and neural evidence}},
volume = {49},
year = {2011}
}

Many studies provided evidence that the emotional content of visual stimulations modulates behavioral performance and neuronal activity. Surprisingly, these studies were carried out using stimulations presented in the center of the visual field while the majority of visual events firstly appear in the peripheral visual field. In this study, we assessed the impact of the emotional facial expression of fear when projected in near and far periphery. Sixteen participants were asked to categorize fearful and neutral faces projected at four peripheral visual locations (15° and 30° of eccentricity in right and left sides of the visual field) while reaction times and event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded. ERPs were analyzed by means of spatio-temporal principal component and baseline-to-peak methods. Behavioral data confirmed the decrease of performance with eccentricity and showed that fearful faces induced shorter reaction times than neutral ones. Electrophysiological data revealed that the spatial position and the emotional content of faces modulated ERPs components. In particular, the amplitude of N170 was enhanced by fearful facial expression. These findings shed light on how visual eccentricity modulates the processing of emotional faces and suggest that, despite impoverished visual conditions, the preferential neural coding of fearful expression of faces still persists in far peripheral vision. The emotional content of faces could therefore contribute to their foveal or attentional capture, like in social interactions. © 2011 Elsevier Ltd.

@article{DHondt2010,
abstract = {Current research in affective neuroscience suggests that the emotional content of visual stimuli activates brain-body responses that could be critical to general health and physical disease. The aim of this study was to develop an integrated neurophysiological approach linking central and peripheral markers of nervous activity during the presentation of natural scenes in order to determine the temporal stages of brain processing related to the bodily impact of emotions. More specifically, whole head magnetoencephalogram (MEG) data and skin conductance response (SCR), a reliable autonomic marker of central activation, were recorded in healthy volunteers during the presentation of emotional (unpleasant and pleasant) and neutral pictures selected from the International Affective Picture System (IAPS). Analyses of event-related magnetic fi elds (ERFs) revealed greater activity at 180 ms in an occipitotemporal component for emotional pictures than for neutral counterparts. More importantly, these early effects of emotional arousal on cerebral activity were signifi cantly correlated with later increases in SCR magnitude. For the fi rst time, a neuromagnetic cortical component linked to a well-documented marker of bodily arousal expression of emotion, namely, the SCR, was identified and located. This finding sheds light on the time course of the brain-body interaction with emotional arousal and provides new insights into the neural bases of complex and reciprocal mind-body links. {\textcopyright} 2010 D'Hondt, Lassonde, Collignon, Dubarry, Robert, Rigoulot, Honor{\'{e}} Lepore and Sequeira.},
author = {D'Hondt, Fabien and Lassonde, Maryse and Collignon, Olivier and Dubarry, Anne Sophie and Robert, Manon and Rigoulot, Simon and Honor{\'{e}}, Jacques and Lepore, Franco and Sequeira, And Henrique},
doi = {10.3389/fnhum.2010.00033},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/D'Hondt et al. - 2010 - Early brain-body impact of emotional arousal.pdf:pdf;:C\:/Users/fabie/AppData/Local/Mendeley Ltd./Mendeley Desktop/Downloaded/D'Hondt et al. - 2010 - Early brain-body impact of emotional arousal(2).pdf:pdf},
isbn = {1662-5161 (Electronic)\r1662-5161 (Linking)},
issn = {16625161},
journal = {Frontiers in Human Neuroscience},
keywords = {Arousal,Brain-Body,Emotion,Magneto-Encephalography,Principal Component analysis,Skin Conductance Response},
language = {eng},
number = {April},
pages = {33},
pmid = {20428514},
title = {{Early brain-body impact of emotional arousal}},
url = {http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fnhum.2010.00033/abstract http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20428514 http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=PMC2859881},
volume = {4},
year = {2010}
}

Current research in affective neuroscience suggests that the emotional content of visual stimuli activates brain-body responses that could be critical to general health and physical disease. The aim of this study was to develop an integrated neurophysiological approach linking central and peripheral markers of nervous activity during the presentation of natural scenes in order to determine the temporal stages of brain processing related to the bodily impact of emotions. More specifically, whole head magnetoencephalogram (MEG) data and skin conductance response (SCR), a reliable autonomic marker of central activation, were recorded in healthy volunteers during the presentation of emotional (unpleasant and pleasant) and neutral pictures selected from the International Affective Picture System (IAPS). Analyses of event-related magnetic fi elds (ERFs) revealed greater activity at 180 ms in an occipitotemporal component for emotional pictures than for neutral counterparts. More importantly, these early effects of emotional arousal on cerebral activity were signifi cantly correlated with later increases in SCR magnitude. For the fi rst time, a neuromagnetic cortical component linked to a well-documented marker of bodily arousal expression of emotion, namely, the SCR, was identified and located. This finding sheds light on the time course of the brain-body interaction with emotional arousal and provides new insights into the neural bases of complex and reciprocal mind-body links. © 2010 D'Hondt, Lassonde, Collignon, Dubarry, Robert, Rigoulot, Honoré Lepore and Sequeira.